牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit1知识点归纳及练习

牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit1知识点归纳及练习

一、【精选词汇】

 重点短语

1. have something to drink喝点东西→to drink动词不定式作定语 (p6)

〈知识链接〉见9A Unit3 Grammar，详细总结动词不定式作定语的用法。

〈用法拓展〉have something to eat吃点东西，have a lot of homework to do有许多作业要做

2. have some more food再有/要些食物

〈知识链接〉some more＋不可数名词或名词复数形式，more是many/much的比较级，意为“再，又”。some可以更换为基数词,如：two more boys=another two boys

〈用法拓展〉⑴基数词＋more＋名词复数＝another＋基数词＋名词复数

注意more和another的位置相反。

特殊形式要熟记：one more minute＝another minute

练一练：还有10个人 ① ten people ②ten people

3. nothing else 没有别的东西

〈知识链接〉⑴不定代词分类：①表示人：somebody/someone, anybody, nobody/no one,

everybody/everyone

②表示物：something, anything, nothing, everything

⑵不定代词用法：①不定代词作句子主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，none除外。

②不定代词的修饰语要放在不定代词之后。如：不定代词＋形容词，不定代词＋不定式。

⑶else通常放在不定代词、疑问词之后，如：

① somebody/anybody/nobody/something/anything/nothing else

② somewhere/anywhere else

③ what/who/where/ else

⑷someone else’s, anyone else’s别人的，不能写成someone’s else, anyone’s else。

〈用法拓展〉⑴There is (没有别的东西) in the fridge.

⑵Do you have to say? 你还有什么话要说吗？

⑶His article is better than in the class.

A. anyone’s else B. anyone else’s C. anyone’s else’s D. anyone else

⑷London seems much dirtier than (其他任何地方).

⑸—I hear they aren’t satisfied with the house you’ve chosen for them.

—Well， could they live so comfortably?

A. where else B. what else C. how D. why

⑹ in the world is difficult if you put your heart into it. (世上无难事。)

4. read an advertisement看广告 (p7)

〈知识链接〉⑴ read阅读，常用于阅读书报、杂志、广告、传单等。read English, read newspapers,

read comic books, read magazines

⑵ read除了用人作主语，表示“阅读”之外，还可以用有文字的东西作主语，表示“读起来”、“写着”、“内容是”。如：

①This doesn’t read like a child’s composition. 这读起来不像是孩子的作文。

②Her letter reads as follows…她的来信的内容如下…。

〈用法拓展〉The sign “No parking!”

A. reads B. was reading C. was read D. had read

5. keep secrets, keep a secret 保密

〈知识链接〉keep secrets for sb替某人保密，in secret＝secretly秘密地，secret agent特工，secretary秘书

〈用法拓展〉Careful planning is the secret of success.仔细计划是成功的诀窍。

6. make me happy 使我高兴

→make使得；让， make sb/sth＋adj. 使……如何

〈知识链接〉⑴What he said made me sad. ⑵What makes your friend so special?

⑶That Chang’e No. 1 Satellite was sent into space successfully made Chinese exciting.

〈用法拓展〉⑴make sb do sth让/使某人做某事→sb be made to do sth某人被迫做某事，类似的有：

①hear sb do sth→sb be heard to do sth ②have sb do sth→sb be had to do sth

⑵be made in＋某地，在某地制造

⑶be made of...由……制成(能看到原材料，发生物理变化)

⑷be made from…由……制成(不能看到原材料，发生化学变化)

用介词填空

①Cars are made Shanghai. ②Glasses are made glass.

③Wine is made grapes. ④Paper is made wood.

7. share my joy分享我的快乐

〈知识链接〉distribute civilization, share enjoyment in reading传播文明，共沐书香

〈用法拓展〉share sth with sb与某人分享某物，与某人合用某物 (详见第14条讲解)

8. have problems有问题

〈知识链接〉⑴have problems with sth＝have difficulty with sth在某方面有问题(困难)

⑵have problems (in) doing sth＝have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难

⑶have problems with sb 和某人有矛盾

〈用法拓展〉The deaf have problems (communicate) with people.

9. believe what he/she says相信他(她)说的话

〈知识链接〉⑴what sb say/says/said某人说的话

⑵believe sb相信某人＝believe what sb said＝believe sb’s words相信某人的话

⑶believe sth相信某事是真的，believe in sb＝trust sb信任某人(建立在长期“相信”的基础上)

〈用法拓展〉用believe, believe in填空

⑴She said she didn’t take the money. Do you her?

⑵I his story. ⑶We our government.

⑷I what he said because I him.

10. hold a writing competition 举行写作比赛 (p8)

〈知识链接〉hold/have a …competition举行一次…比赛(竞赛)，如：hold a drawing competition

〈用法拓展〉⑴hold举行＝have，如：hold/have a sports meeting举行运动会

⑵be held＝take place，如：Our school sports meeting is held/takes place in October every year.

11. tell you about my friend Betty给你讲讲我朋友贝蒂的事

〈知识链接〉tell sb about sth/sb 告诉某人有关某事(某人)的情况

如：Would you please tell us about your visit to Beijing?

〈用法拓展〉tell sb about sth→sb be told about sb，e.g. As a child, I was told about Lei Feng by the

teachers.

12. one of my best friends我的一个最好的朋友；我最好的朋友中的一个

〈知识链接〉one of/among＋the/物主代词＋名词复数，作主语时谓语用单数，“最……中的一个”。

〈用法拓展〉The Changjiang River is one of/among (long) rivers in the world.

13. be willing to do sth 乐意(愿意)做某事

〈知识链接〉willing乐意的；愿意的→unwilling不情愿的→willingly愿意地→willingness n.心甘情愿

〈用法拓展〉I’m quite willing to do anything for you. 我非常愿意为你做任何事情。

14. share sth with sb 与某人分享某物，与某人合用某物

〈知识链接〉share vt.分配,均分;共有,共用

①The boy shared the cake equally. 这男孩平均分配蛋糕。

②I shared my lunch with him. 我和他分享我的午餐。