2008年12月真题

Part V Individuals and businesses have legal protection for intellectual property they create and own . intellectual proper_62_from creative thinking and may include products, 63 processes, and ideas. Intellectual property is protected 64　misapproprition(盗⽤)Misappropriation is taking the Intellectual propetty of others withour ____65____ compensation and using it for monetary gain. Legal protection is provided for the ___66___of intellectual propetty. The three common types of legal protection are patents, copyrights, and trademarks. Patents provide exclusive use of inventions. If the u.s patent office __67__ a patent, it is confirmind that the intellectual property is ___68____. The patent prevents others from making ,using, or selling the invention without the owner's __69___ for a period of 20 years. Copyright are similar to patents __70___that they are applied to artistic works. A copyright protects the creator of an__72___artisitic or intellectual work, such as a song or a novel. A copyright gives the owner wxclusive rights to copy,__72___ display, or perform the work . the copyright prevents others from using and selling the work , the __73___ of a copyright is typically the lifetime of the author 62　retrieves deviates results departs 63　services reservers assumptions motions 64　for with by from 65　sound partial due random 66　users owners masters executives 67　affords affiliates funds grants 68　solemn sober unique universal 69　perspective permission conformity consensus 70　except besides eyond despite 71　absolute alternative original orthodox 72　presume stimulate nominate distribute 73　range length scale extent 74 an additional 70 years. 74 A) plus C) via Trademarks are words, names, or symbols that B) versus D) until Identify the manufacturer of a product and 75 it 75 A) distract C) distinguish from similar goods of others. A servicemark is B)differ D) disconnect similar to a trademark 76 is used to identify 76 A) or C) so services. A trademark prevents others from using B) but D) whereas the 77 or a similar word, name, or symbol to 77 A) identical C) literal B) analogical D) parallel take advantage of the recognition and 78 of the 78 A) ambiguity C) popularity brand or to create confusion in the marketplace. B) utility D) proximity 79 registration, a trademark is usually granted 79 A) From C) Before B) Over D) Upon for a period of ten years. It can be 80 for 80 A)recurred C) recalled B) renewed D) recovered additional ten-year periods indefinitely as 81 as 81 A)long C) far the mark's use continues. B)soon D) well。

16.A) She couldn’t have left her notebook in the library. B) she may have put her notebook amid the journals. C) she should have made careful notes while doing reading. D) she shouldn’t have read his notes without his knowing it. 17. A)she wants to get some sleep C) she has a literature class to attend B) she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem 18.A)He is confident he will get the job. B)His chance of getting the job is slim. C)It isn’t easy to find a qualified sales manager. D)The interview didn’t go as well as he expected. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19.A)He can manage his time more flexibly. B)He can renew contact with his old friends. C)He can concentrate on his own projects. D)He can learn to do administrative work. 20.A)Reading its ads in the newspapers. B)Calling its personnel department. C)Contacting its manager. D)Searching its website. 21.A)To cut down its production expenses. B)To solve the problem of staff shortage. C)To improve its administrative efficiency. D)To utilize its retired employees’ resources. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22.A)Buy a tractor. B)Fix a house. C)See a piece of property. D)Sing a business contract. 23.A)It is only forty miles form where they live. B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house. C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables. D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables. 24.A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor. B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn. C)It may not be big enough for raising corn. D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable. 25 A)Finances B)Equipment C)Labor D)ProfitsSection B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One 26 A)To introduce the chief of the city’s police force B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest C)To address the issue of community security D)To explain the functions of the city council 27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management B)He is head of the International Police Force C)He completed his higher education abroad D)He holds a master’s degree in criminology 28 A)To coordinate work among police departments B)To get police officers closer to the local people C)To help the residents in times of emergency D)To enable the police to take prompt action 29 A)Popular B)discouraging C)effective D)controversial Passage Two 30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate B)there are numerous languages in existence C)Most public languages are inherently vague D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages 31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence B)in improves with constant practice C)it is something we are born with D)it varies from person to person 32 A)how private languages are developed B)how different languages are related C)how people create their languages D)how children learn to use language Passage Three 33 A)she was a tailor B)she was an engineer C)she was an educator D)she was a public speaker 34.A)Basing them on science-fiction movies. B) Including interesting examples in them C) Adjusting them to different audiences D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science 35.A) Whether spacemen carry weapons B) How spacesuits protect spacemen C) How NASA trains its spacemen D) What spacemen cat and drink　Section C Directions : In this section .you will hear a passage three time. When the passage is read for first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. when the passage is read for the first time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to43 with the exact words you have just heard. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

之2008年12月大学英语六级真题试题及答案(A卷)2008年12月大学英语六级真题试题及答案(A卷)一、阅读理解第1题：sustainable development is applied to just about eberything from energy to clean water and economic growth,and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use.this is especially true in agriculture,where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of histrorcal and cultural perspectives.To start with,it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history,and will continue to do so .medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed,clothed and shelered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today.it had minimal effect on biodiversity,and any pollution it caused was typically localized.in termsof energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient.Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial petion from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields.throughout this period food became cheaper,safe and more reliable.however,these changes have alsoled to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity.What’smore,demand for animal products in d eveloping countrics is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050.yet the growth of cities and in dustry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions.All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th.this will require radical thinking.for example,we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones.we also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability,which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage.instead we need a more dynamic interpretation,one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used.there are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield:energy use, environmental costs,water purity,carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example,that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from spain to the UK Is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting.but we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity.What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production.1. How do people ofen measure progress in agriculture?A) By its productivity C) By its impact on the environmetB) By its sustainability D) By its contribution to economic growth2. Specialisation and the effort to incease yields have esulted in________.A) Localised pollution C) competition from overseasB) the shrinking of farmland D) the decrease of biodiversity3.What does the author think of traditional farming practices?A)They have remained the same over the centuriesB)They have not kept pace with population growthC)They are not necessarily sustainableD)They are environmentally friendly4.What will agriculture be like in the 21st centuryA) It will go through radical changesB) It will supply more animal productsC) It will abandon traditional farming practicesD) It will cause zero damage to the environment5 What is the author’s purpose in writing this pass age?A) To remind people of the need of sustainable developmentB) To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food productionC) To adance new criteria for measuring farming progressD) To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is1小题>、【正确答案】：B2小题>、【正确答案】：D3小题>、【正确答案】：C4小题>、【正确答案】：A5小题>、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第2题：The percentage of immigrants(including those unlawfully present) in the United states has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point ince the mid1920s We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluing America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort fo necomers.Their loudest citecs argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot,and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.We now know that these racist views were wrong.In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail , to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than thir parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continme. Indeed, the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson,of the University of Michigan,has foud a simila rend among black Caribbean immigrants,Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that largeparts of the community may become mired in a seemingly state of poverty and Underachievement . Like African-Americans, Mexican-americans are increasingly relegated to (降入)segregated, substandyrd schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any 儿童会nic group in the country.We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adoptAmerican ways; those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about ho wto ensure that people , once outsiders , don’t fovever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the lasest ware of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right。

2008年12月大学英语三级B真题及答案Part I Listening ComprehensionDirections: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections. Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to give proper responses. There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Now the test will begin.1. A) Thank you.B) With pleasure.C) Oh, yes.D) Here you are.2. A)B) Far from here.C) Five people.D) One hundred dollars.3. A) Please sit down.B) Take it easy.C) I’m OK.D) Yes, of course.4. A) He’s a nice person.B) I work very hard.C) You’re welcome.D) Certainly not.5. A) It’s far away.B) It’s rather warm.C) I hope so.D) I’m afraid I can’t.Section BDirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recordedquestion. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.6. A) From his friend.B) From his teacher.C) From his boss.D) From his brother.7. A) Attend a meeting.B) Hold a party.C) .D) Meet a friend.8. A) In the meeting room.B) In her office.C) At home.D) At the bank.9. A) It’s very boring.B) That’s too busy.C) She likes it very much.D) She’s going to give it up.10. A) An engineer.B) A doctor.C) A salesman.D) A secretary.Section CDirections: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. During the second reading, you are required to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you hear. The third reading is for you to check your writing. Now the passage will begin.People visit other countries for many reasons. Some travel -11- ; others travel to visit interesting places. Whenever you go, for whatever reason, it is important to be -12- . A tourist can draw a lot of attention from local people. Although most of the people you meet are friendly and welcoming, sometimes there are dangers. -13- , your money or passport might be stolen. Just as in your home country, you meet to be friendly and -14- . It is important to prepare your trip in advance, and -15- be careful while you are traveling.答案：1-5:CADAB 6-10:DDBCA11.no business 12.safe 13.For example 14.helpful 15.alwaysPart II Vocabulary & StructureDirections: This part is to test your ability to use words and phrases correctly to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. The newspaper ________ in the accident.A) saysB) talksC) callsD) asks17. She told us briefly about how they succeeded in ________ the new product.A) developB) to developC) developedD) developing18. The big IT company will ________ a new research center in the city.A) set upB) break upC) get upD) turn up19. I ________ at 130 kilometers per hour stopped me.A) had drivenB) have drivenC) driveD) was driving20. Information about the new system is easy to ________ on the Internet.A) likeB) goC) findD) open21. I’d like to introduce you ________ James Stewart, the new manager of our department.A) withB) toC) ofD) on22. We had a(n) ________ with him about this problem last night.A) explanationB) impressionC) exhibitionD) discussion23. We talked for more than three hours without ________ a cup of tea.A) to haveB) havingC) haveD) had24. They had to give up the plan because they had ________ money.A) come up toB) got along withC) run out ofD) taken charge of25. ________ she joined ago, she’s already been promoted twice.A) AlthoughB) BecauseC) IfD) WhenSection BDirections: There are also 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26. The new (nation) ________ museum will be open to the public next week.27. This question is (difficult) ________ than the one I have answered.28. The secretary has been working for the same (manage) ________ for over 5 years.29. The hotel, (build) _________ 100 years ago, still looks new.30. We are pleased to learn that that problem (solve) ________ at yesterday’s meeting.31. I want (point out) ________ that a decision about the matter must be made at once.32. Although she is young for the job, she is very (experience) ________.33. The new rules for environmental protection have been (wide) ________ accepted by the public.34. We demand that the tour guide (tell) ________ us immediately about any change in the schedule.35. Thank you for your letter of November 15, (invite) ________ us to the trade fair on December 10.答案：16-20:ADADC 21-25:BDBCA26.national 27.more difficult 28.manager 29.built 30.has been solved31.to point out 32.experienced 33.widely 34.tell/should tell 35.invitingPart III Reading ComprehensionDirections: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Each time we produce a new English dictionary, our aim is always the same: what can we do to make the dictionary more helpful for students of English? As a result of our research with students and discussions with teachers, on providing more examples for this English dictionary.Examples help students to remember the word they have looked up in the dictionary because it is easier both to remember and to understand a word within a context (上下文). The examples also show that words are often used in many different contexts. For these reasons, we have included 40 per cent more examples in this new book. We edit all the examples to remove difficult words and to make sure they are easier to understand.We very much hope this new book will be of use not only to the students of English but also to the teachers.36. The aim of the author in producing this new dictionary is to ________.A) correct mistakes in the old dictionaryB) make it more helpful for studentsC) increase the number of wordsD) add pictures and photos37. A word is easier to remember and understand if it is ________.A) included in a word listB) pronounced correctlyC) explained in EnglishD) used in a context38. What is special about this new dictionary?A) It is small and cheap.B) It has a larger vocabulary.C) It has 40% more examples.D) It is designed for students and teachers.39. The purpose of removing difficult words in the examples is to ________.A) understandB) provide more useful wordsC) introduce more contextsD) include more examples40. The passage is most probably taken from ________.A) a letter to the editorB) a comment on a novelC) an introduction to a dictionaryD) a news-report in the newspaperTask 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.What is the better way of staying away from the cold winter days? Come out to our Hall Markets in the beautiful countryside, full of color, fun, music and delicious food! With over 350 stalls (摊位) selling wonderful home-made and home-grown goods, this will surely be a great day out.The Hall Markets are held on the first Sunday of each month from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm at Hall Village. They are operated by Hartley Lifecare Co. Ltd. All the income will go to help and support service for (残疾).Volunteers (志愿者) play an important part in the success and pleasant atmosphere at the Hall Markets. Hartley Lifecare is always grateful to have you serve as volunteers with the Hall Markets.If you are interested in being one of our volunteers and spending a few hours with us each month, please contact us during business hours on 6260 5555.41. According to the passage, the Hall Markets are held ________.A) in the countrysideB) to attract volunteersC) to promote winter salesD) by42. There are over 350 stalls in the Hall Markets that ________.A) are operated by the disabledB) offer free food to volunteersC) sell home-made goodsD) are open day and night43. The income made by the Hall Markets goes to ________.A) expand Hartley Lifecare Co. Ltd.B) support service for the disabledC) create more fun for customersD) develop local economy44. When are the Hall Markets open?A) The first Sunday of each month.B) Every day from 10 am to 3 pm.C) The first day of each month.D) Every weekend in winter.45. This passage is written for the purpose of inviting ________.A) touristsB) villagersC) businessmenD) volunteers答案：36-40:BDCAC 41-45:ACBADTask 3Directions: The following is a letter. After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.2 November, 2008Dear Dr. Yamata,The Association of Asian Economic Studies is pleased to invite you to be this year’s guest speaker at its annual international symposium (研讨会). The symposium will be held for 3 days from December 22nd to 24th, 2008. This year’s topic will be Economic Development in Asia. About 100 people from various countries symposium. They would be pleased to meet you and share their views with you.The Association will cover all the expenses of your trip to this symposium.As the program is to be announced on December 1st, 2008, will you kindly let us know before that time whether your busy schedule will allow you to attend our symposium? We are looking forward to your favorable reply.Yours sincerely,John SmithSecretary of Association of Asian Economic StudiesLetter of InvitationWriter of the letter: -46-Organizer of the Symposium: Association of -47-Guest speaker to be invited: Dr. YamataStarting date of the symposium: -48-Number of guests invited: about -49-Topic of the symposium: -50- in Asia答案：46.John Smith n Economic 48.December 22nd,200849.one hundred 50.Economic DevelopmentTask 4Directions: The following is part of an index (索引). After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to (与…等同) those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A —— after-sales serviceB —— business licenseC —— business riskD —— dead stockE —— department storeF —— import licenseG —— limited companyH —— net weightI —— packing chargeJ —— price tagK —— purchasing powerL —— seller’s marketM —— shipping dateN —— shopping rushO —— show windowP —— supermarketQ —— trade agreementExamples: ( D ) 滞销品 ( I ) 包装费51. ( ) 净重 ( ) 百货商店52. ( ) 购买力 ( ) 商业风险53. ( ) 超级市场 ( ) 卖方市场54. ( ) 有限公司 ( ) 售后服务55. ( ) 装船日期 ( ) 进口许可证答案：51.H,E 52.K,C 53.P,L 54.G,A 55.M,FTask 5Directions: The following is an advertisement. After reading it, you are required to complete the statements that follow the questions (No.56 to No.60). You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet. Yanton Playingfield CommitteeGrounds-person (场地管理员) WantedThe Yanton Playingfield years been fortunate to have Eddie Christiansen as grounds-person at its sports ground in Littlemarsh. However, after 10 years ofservice, Eddie has decided it’s time to retire in July. The committee wishes him the best for his retired life.However, this leaves us needing a new grounds-person. This role is part-time, averaging around 5 hours per week. The duties involve the mowing (除草), rolling, and trimming (修剪) of the field edges. Applicants (求职人) need to be able to drive and use for the above-mentioned duties.Applicants can either contact Hugh Morris, 42 Spencer Avenue, tel. 765-4943780, to discuss or register an interest in the position, or any member of the Playingfield Committee.56. Which organization is in need of a grounds-person?The _____________________________________________________.57. Why is a new grounds-person needed?Because the former grounds-person, Eddie Christiansen, has decided it’s time to _____________.58. What are the duties of a grounds-person?His duties involve the mowing, _________________ of the field edges.59. What should applicants be able to do?They should be able to _________ for the duties.60. Who is the contact person?____________________________________ or any committee member.答案：56.Yanton Playingfield Committee 57.retire 58.rolling,and trimming e 60.Hugh MorrisPart IV Translation —— English into ChineseDirections: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. Each of the four sentences (N0.61 to No.64) is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A), B), C) and D). Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Write your translation of the paragraph (No.65) in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.61. Seldom can people on the front page of this popular local newspaper.A) 人们不会在这份地方报纸前几页上寻找重要的国际新闻。