2017届高考英语备考之名师讲名题：专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气(自测版)

专题06 情态动词与虚拟语气目录1.最新名校精选必刷小题之单句语法填空2.情态动词与虚拟语气词义辨析选择题3.最新名校优选试卷语篇填空一单句语法填空1．If motorists (avoid) speeding on highways, there would not be more traffic accidents reported.2．We recommend that he (type) a name that is meaningful to him for the chatroom. 3．(be) I a bird, I would fly to see you at once.4．Obviously, it is high time that we (take) effective measures to tackle the problem. 5．Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, as if the events (happen) only yesterday.6．If they (consider) everything, they would not have made such a mistake.7．The teacher demanded that all the students (hand) in their cellphones. 8．It is recommended that detailed eye examination (do)every six months.9．Who do you suggest (send) to work on the farm?10．Take your raincoat in case it (rain).11．It is necessary that we (master) at least one foreign language.12．If only I (fly) like a bird.13．Maybe if I (study) science, and not, literature then, I (be) able to give you more help.14．He looked as if he (know) something about it.15．But for your timely help, we (lose) the match yesterday.16．I was ill that day, otherwise I would (take) part in the sports meet.A．should have made B．must have madeC．might make D．could make51．Be carefully. Don’t get the juice on your new dress, for it ___________wash out.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．won’t52．—I failed in the interview, because I didn’t introduce myself completely within three minutes. —You___________ the details. The main points are more important than details.A．should omit B．must omit C．should have omitted D．must have omitted 53．—______ you make so much noise?—Sorry. I’ll take care not to.A．Must B．Can C．May D．Would54．We ________ have agreed to the plan without knowing what it would cost.A．mustn’t B．may not C．oughtn’t to D．needn’t55．—_________ you come with me to Lang Lang’s piano concert this evening?—I’d love to, but I have to study for my math test.A．Should B．May C．Must D．Can56．—Why you be talking so loudly while others are studying?—I’m terribly sorry.A．shall B．must C．will D．may 57．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there?—I knew that he had gone to England. It be him.A．might B．could C．can’t D．must 58．Richard is so tired after work that he feels ________ he could sleep for 24 hours.A．as if B．even though C．in case D．now that59．The committee has approved his ______ that he put off his gap year till he finishes the research.A．application B．wisdom C．arrangement D．request60．The manager recommended that the fresh graduate ______ a chance and decided to help the young man ______ smoking.A．be given; addicted to B．should give; addicted toC．would be given; addicting to D．should be giving; addicting to61．I strongly recommend that she _______ some kind of exercise in the morning.A．does B．did C．do D．have done 62．It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company.A．need B．could C．should D．may63．Had he studied harder, he ______ the exam last week.A．passed B．would passC．would have passed D．must have passed64．But for my casual attitude, I wouldn’t have been dismissed and ________ with my colleagues on the project now.A．might have worked B．would be workingC．were to work D．had worked65．It is the first time he ________ here and now it is high time that he ________ around.A．come;should be showedB．has come;was showedC．has come;be showedD．came;was showedA．wouldn’t take B．shall not takeC．not have D．won’t have67．—Do you feel like________ there or shall we take a bus?—I’d like to walk, but since there is no time left, I’d rather we________ a taxi.A．to walk;take B．walking;tookC．to walk;took D．walking;take68．I ________ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I ________ all my money.A．would like to give; ran out ofB．would like to have given; ran out ofC．would like to give; was run out ofD．would like to give; ran out69．I suggest that the person________ put into prison.A．refer toB．referred to beC．referring to should beD．referred to was70．The local authorities had given the instruction that all the old buildings there _____ pulled down.A．have to be B．will be C．be D．must be 71．He insisted what he did ______ right and the man who had spoken ill of him _____.A．was; be punished B．be; was punishedC．was; was punished D．be; be punished72．—I heard your journey was not very pleasant.—But for the sudden rain we a wonderful time.A．will have B．should have hadC．should have D．had73．_____, I’d have told you.A．If I would have known itB．If I had have known itC．Had I known itD．Should I know itA．Would B．ShouldC．Could D．Might76．The people who love peace do think that it is time the violent conflicts in Libya ________.A．come to an end B．put to an endC．came to an end D．bring to an end77．They advised that a passport_____with you at all times.A．carried B．was carried C．be carried D．carry78．If you ________ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.A．haven’t watched B．hadn’t watchedC．didn’t watch D．wouldn’t have watchedA．Had it not been for B．If it were notC．If it had not been for D．Were it not for80．The order came that all the small coal mines ________down in half a year.A．would be closed B．should be closedC．must be closed D．would closePassage 1阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。

根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。

2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。

根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。

与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。

二、2018年高考真题1.【2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。

高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词的语法特征(1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

(2)情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

(3)情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

(4)情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词、动名词等形式。

二、虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，多半不是事实，或与事实相反。

高考重点要求：1、情态动词的基本用法2、情态动词表示推测的语义差别3、情态动词后接不定式完成体的不同意义4、虚拟语气中情态动词的用法知识点概述一、情态动词（一）情态动词种类1. can表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”、“技能”或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“可能性”, 但表示人的体力或智力的具体动作时须用be able to .He was able to do that without any help.他不需要任何帮助就能完成这项工作。

2. may表示“允许，可以”，相当于be allowed to .may或might可和as well连用，表示“建议”，译为“还是……的为好”You may as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们还是离那疯子远点为好。

You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。

3. must表示“必须”或“应当”、“一定”。

4. have to 加动词原形，表示“不得不”，“必须”，它比must更强调客观。

Tom had to work into the deep night every day to earn a living. 汤姆为了生计每天都得工作到深夜。

5. should 表示“劝告”，“建议”或“义务”时，译作“应当”，或表示“预测”和“可能”。

情态动词 + have done动词 + 动词完成式即“情态动词 + have + done ”，表示对过去行为或动作进行推测、评 论或判断。

这个结构是近几年高考情态动词的重点和难点。

一、在虚拟语气中的用法1. should have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。

”其否定结构 表示 “过去本不该做某事却做了。

2. ought to have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。

”其否定结构 oughtn't to have done 表示 “过去本不该做某事却做了。

”3. need have done 表示“过去本有必要做某事却未做。

”其否定结构表示 “过去本没必要做某事却做了。

4. could （ 不能用 can ） have done 表示“过去本能够做某事却未做。

”注意：其否定形式 couldn't have done 没有虚拟语气的用法， couldn't have done 只能表推测， 相当于 can't have done ，意为：“过去不可能做了某事。

”5. might （ 不能用 may ） have done 表示“过去本可以做某事却未做。

” 注意：其否定形 式 might not have done 没有虚拟语气的用法， might not have done 只能表推测，相当 于 may not have done ，意为：“过去可能没有做某事。

”二、表推测的用法1. must have done表示对过去某事的肯定猜测，译为：过去肯定做了某事。

不存在式。

其否定或疑问形式须用 can （could ） 来表示 . 例如：Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 肯定下雨了。

He can't have missed the way. I drew him a map. 他不可能迷路。

情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态等，是中英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。

情态动词在近五高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词表达“情感、态、语气等”；情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。

虚拟语气的考点主要集中在名词性从句、条件句中的用法，以及错综条件句中虚拟语气的应用。

一、情态动词表推测的用法headmaster.①That maynot be true.①He couldn'thavediscovered thetruth.注意：should (ought to)表示推测是高考考查的重点和难点。

如：—When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ________ be ready by 12：00.A．can B．should C．might D．need【解析】B A项表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中。

C项表示推测语气不太肯定。

should意为“按理说，理应”，既回答了顾客的询问，不失礼貌，又为照片有可能尚未洗好，顾客到时取不到留下了回旋的余地，体现了店主的精明与用词经过仔细推敲。

二、情态动词的其他用法1．can, could, may, might2.must, should3. need, dare4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would二、情态动词＋have done四、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 如果明天下雨的话，我就不开车了。

(明天的情况还不知道)If I had done it in time, I should have had a good time. 如果我及时做的话，日子就好过多了。

高考考点之情态动词和虚拟语气考点详解【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；尤其要注意＂情态动词+完成式＂是高考中的重点所在。

对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。

【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。

新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。

考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。

试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。

【复习建议】情态动词：1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法；2. 掌握情态动词表达＂情感、态度、语气等＂方面的用法。

虚拟语气：1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1）can，could与be able to1．表示能力，意为＂能，会＂。

☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。

☞If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。

☞I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。

情态动词及虚拟语气讲解结构图概述can和could的用法may和 might的用法must的用法need和dare的用法情态动词基本用法 shall和 should的用法will和 would的用法ought to的用法used to的用法had better与would rather的用法情态动词m u s t,c a n,c o u l d,m a y,m i g h t其它用法表推测的用法“情态动词+have+done” 结构的含义及用法一、概述：情态动词有：can(could)，may(might)，must(must)，have to，shall(should)，will(would)，need(need)，dare(dared)，ought to.情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能独立使用．它与其后边的动词原形一起构成谓语．情态动词的具体用法如下:二、情态动词的用法：(一) can和could的用法l. 注意can和could的一般疑问句的回答（could用在疑问句中比can语气更委婉）。

如:Can you finish this work tonight?---Yes，I can./No，I can't.Could you help me---Sure./Certainly./OK.？Of course.或Yes，I can. /No（或Sorry），I’m afraid not.2. can和could表示推测（见后面）。

3. can与be able to的区别：①can常常指某人具备某种知识或技能，而be able to则指具体做某件事的能力。

如：I can read，but I am not able to read this passage.②can常常只有现在或过去两种形式，而be able to可以有多种形式，可以用于多种时态。

如：Jim can read and write now，but he couldn’t do it when he was four years old. At that time he was able to answer the question，now he is able to answer the question too. Of course he will be able to answer such question easily in the future.(二) may和 might的用法1．注意may与might的一般疑问句的回答（might用在疑问句中比may语气更委婉）。

情态动词与虚拟语气考点1情态动词的基本用法1.My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who have taken it?A.needB.mustC.shouldD.could答案 D第二句句意为：可能是谁把它拿走了呢？could可表示说话者主观猜测的“可能”，此时用于否定句和疑问句中，符合题意。

need需要；must一定，肯定，表猜测时通常只用于肯定句；should多指预期的事，常译为“按道理说应该”。

2.—They are said to have been familiar with each other.—But they .They were introduced only hours ago.A.may not have beenB.couldn’t have beenC.mustn’t have beenD.needn’t have been答案 B句意为：——据说他们互相之间已经非常熟悉了。

——但是不可能啊。

他们几小时前才被介绍认识的。

根据句意可知这是对过去情况的否定推测，应用couldn’t have done表示“过去不可能做了某事”。

3.Life is unpredictable；even the poorest become the richest.A.shallB.mustC.needD.might答案 D句意为：生活是难以预料的，甚至是最穷的人都有可能变成最富的人。

might表示比较小的可能性，常用于肯定句和否定句中，符合题意，故选D项。

shall表示将来时态，或命令、允诺、威胁等强烈语气；must一定；need需要，均不合题意。

4.Samuel，the tallest boy in our class，easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.mustB.shouldC.canD.need答案 C句意为：我们班最高的男孩塞缪尔能(can)轻松地够到顶层架子上的书。