上海市徐汇、金山、松江区2016届高三生命科学下学期学习能力诊断(二模)试题

2016年徐汇（松江、金山）区高三二模语文试卷〃参考答案一、阅读（80分）（一）18分1. C（2分）2. B（2分）3. ⑴迎合数码化⑵强调体验⑶艺术形式（表现）（3分）4. 更清晰地说明艺术品的价值与其价格之间的关系（2分）5. ⑴挂毯、铜版画等复制技术，使作品的原貌在传播过程中对受到折损。

⑵摄影技术从根本上改变了人们对绘画的传统要求，催生了现代主义艺术。

⑶数码复制技术影响了艺术品的价格，进而影响了艺术家和艺术品生存、发展的方式，导致创作方式的改变、艺术形式的变化。

⑷数码复制技术使得受众可以随意对艺术品进行剪辑、改动，使艺术品最终变得面目全非。

（4分）6.【答案示例】复制品进入观赏者的生活情境，使观赏者和艺术品距离更近，满足了大众对艺术的渴望；数码复制技术促进了艺术的多样性，使得欣赏者拥有了更多的选择；数码技术使得观赏者同时也可能参与到艺术创作的过程当中，通过对艺术品的改编，表达个人的感悟、评价、灵感，成为表达自我的手段等。

（5分）（二）18分7. 写出了作者远离尘嚣与自然逐渐接近的过程，也表现了他逐渐获得心灵慰藉的过程，引出下文在绝幽之处的草地上作者与自然的更深沉的沟通。

（3分）8. 从句式运用的角度：整句；从表现手法的角度：运用想象、修辞（比拟、比喻）。

写出作者与大地、海洋、天空、太阳在灵魂上的广泛而深入的沟通，也表现出自然的伟力与神奇。

表达灵动，富有感染力。

（4分）9. “吮吸”比“呼吸”更具力度，更贴切地表现出作者对生命力的热烈渴望与尽情吸收；“吮吸”多用于对液体的吸取，也与下文作者说从草叶、野花等身上汲取生命的滋养来生活更匹配；“吮吸”也是一种孩童的行为，更能表现出作者在大自然面前婴儿般的依恋。

（写出两点即可，3分）10. A（3分）11. 作者借助“祈祷”这一形式，通过与大地、阳光、天空、海洋等自然界在身体、灵魂两方面的接触和交流，从渴望接近自然以获取力量与慰藉，到释放心灵，进而追问灵魂的内在意义，再到从宇宙间获取对生命的认识，汲取生命的智慧与能量，达到与自然完全交融、物我两忘的境界，逐渐推进文意，展现了作者与自然在精神层面逐渐深入的契合，也表达了作者在自然面前的虔诚，对有“神性”的自然界的崇敬。

长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区2016届高三4月质量调研测试（二模）生命科学试卷考生注意：1.试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

2.试卷包含两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为综合题。

3.答题前，务必用钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题纸上填写姓名、考场号和座位号。

考生需将答案全部写在答題纸上，不要超过答题框，否则不得分。

一、选择题(共60分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案)1.下列植物细胞中，适合观察细胞有丝分裂的是A.蚕豆叶肉细胞B.洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞C.蚕豆根尖分生区细胞D.洋葱根尖伸长区细胞2.使细胞失去识别能力的物质是A.限制酶B.龙胆紫C.多糖水解酶D.班氏试剂3.下列对蓝藻、酵母菌、乳酸菌、水绵、衣藻、噬菌体等6种生物的归纳中，正确的是A.6种生物都有核糖体B.6种生物都含有脱氧核糖C.6种生物的生殖方式相同D.含有线粒体的生物只有水绵和衣藻4.下列能感受化学信息的感受器是A.雄蛾头部的触角B.草鱼身体两侧的侧线C.响尾蛇鼻眼间的颊窝D.皮肤中的压力感受器5.下列有关ATP的叙述，正确的是A.机体在运动和睡眠时都消耗ATPB. ATP由腺嘌呤、脱氧核糖和磷酸组成C.所有生物在有氧的条件下都能形成ATPD.叶肉细胞内蔗糖运输到叶脉所需的ATP来源于光合作用6.关于甲型H1N1流感病毒与H7N9流感病毒的叙述，正确的是A.两种病毒所含元素和物质一定相同B. H7N9流感病毒侵入人体细胞前，常由体液免疫降低其感染性C.检测胸腺肽对两种病毒的影响，可用含有胸腺肽的培养基培养两种病毒D.H1N1病毒侵入人体时，注射H7N9流感疫苗后产生的记忆细胞迅速增殖分化7.同位素标记法是生命科学研究中常用的方法。

下列各项所选择使用的同位素及相关结论错误的是同位素应用A 35S 标记噬菌体，证明DNA是遗传物质B 15N 标记DNA分子，证明DNA分子半保留复制方式C 14C 标记CO2，得知碳原子在光合作用中的转移途径D 18O 分别标记CO2和水，证明光合作用所释放的氧气全部来自于水8.某同学从环境温度25℃的室内突然走到环境温度为0℃的室外，对该同学相关生理变化的叙述，正确的是A.产热量将高于散热量B.皮肤血管有所收缩C.副交感神经兴奋加强D.新陈代谢将减弱 9.下列有关酶工程与基因工程的叙述中正确的是A.酶工程是细胞水平（或性状水平）操作，基因工程是分子水平操作B.酶工程中通过层析提纯酶蛋白，基因工程中通过筛选获得受体细胞C.酶工程合成的是非天然存在的蛋白质，基因工程合成的是天然存在的蛋白质D.酶工程产品相对安全且应用广，基因工程产品安全性稍弱且可能影响生态环境10.为研究强光照对移栽幼苗光合色素的影响,某同学用乙醇提取叶绿体色素,用石油醚进行纸层析,图1为滤纸层析结果(Ⅰ~Ⅳ为色素条带)。

2015学年第二学期徐汇、金山、松江区学习能力诊断卷高三数学 理科试卷 2016.4一．填空题:(本题满分56分,每小题4分）1．抛物线x y42=的焦点坐标是_____________。

2．若集合{}{}310,12A x xB xx =+>=-<，则AB =_______________．3．若复数z 满足1,i i z-=-其中i 为虚数单位，则z =________________． 4．求值：2arctan3=________________弧度．5．试写出71x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭展开式中系数最大的项________________．6．若函数4y =的最小值为a ,最大值为b ,则2lim 34n nn nn a b a b →∞--＝_________．7．在极坐标系中，点(3,)2π关于直线6πθ=的对称点的坐标为________________．8．某学校要从5名男生和2名女生中选出2人作为志愿者，若用随机量ξ表示选出的志愿者中女生的人数，则数学期望E ξ=_______________．（结果用最简分数表示）9．已知平面上三点A 、B 、C 满足|AB,|BC ｜CA ｜=则AB BC BC CA CA AB ++的值等于_______________．10．从集合{}1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10A =中任取两个数,欲使取到的一个数大于,k 另一个数小于k （其中)k A ∈的概率是2,5则k =__________________．11．有一个解三角形的题因纸张破损有一个条件不清，具体如下：“在ABC∆中,角,,A B C所对的边分别为,,.a b c 已知045,a B ==______________，求角A ．”经推断破损处的条件为三角形一边的长度,且答案提示060,A =试将条件补充完整．12．在等差数列{}na 中,首项13,a=公差2,d =若某学生对其中连续10项进行求和，在遗漏掉一项的情况下,求得余下9项的和为185，则此连续10项的和为__________________． 13．定义在R 上的奇函数(),f x 当0x ≥时，[)[)12log (1),0,1,()13,1,,x x f x x x ⎧+∈⎪=⎨⎪--∈+∞⎩则关于x的函数()()(01)F x f x a a =-<<的所有零点之和为________________(结果用a 表示）．14．对于给定的正整数n 和正数R ，若等差数列123,,,a a a 满足22121n aa R ++≤，则21222341n n n n S a a a a ++++=++++的最大值为__________________．二．选择题:(本题满分20分，每小题5分)15．已知非零向量a 、b ,“函数2()()f x ax b =+为偶函数"是“a b ⊥"的—-———-——-—( ）（A ） 充分非必要条件 （B ） 必要非充分条件 (C ） 充要条件 （D ） 既非充分也非必要条件 16．函数y =22,0,,0x x x x ≥⎧⎨-<⎩的反函数是——-——----————————-———————————--—-—-————-——-————-———-————-————-———-（ ）（A ）,02,0x x y x x ⎧≥⎪=⎨⎪-<⎩（B),02,0x x y x x ⎧≥⎪=⎨⎪--<⎩（C ）2,0,0x x y x x ≥⎧⎪=⎨-<⎪⎩（D ）2,0,0x x y x x ≥⎧⎪=⎨--<⎪⎩17．如图，圆锥形容器的高为,h 圆锥内水面的高为1,h 且11,3h h =若将圆锥倒置，水面高为2,h 则2h 等于——-———————--——--—-—————-——--——-—-————--————--—-——---—--————----—-———--——-—-—-——-——-————-—-——-——-——--———-—-—（ ）（A)23h（B ）1927h（C)363h (D ）3193h18．设1x 、2x 是关于x 的方程022=-++m m mx x的两个不相等的实数根，那么过两点),(211x x A 、),(222x x B 的直线与圆()()22111x y -++=的位置关系是———-—-———————-—————-————————-———-—--—-—-（ ）(A)相离 (B)相切 (C)相交 （D)随m 的变化而变化三．解答题：（本大题共5题，满分74分）19．(本题满分12分；第（1）小题６分，第（2）小题6分） 已知函数x x x x f 2cos 2cos sin 2)(+=．(1)求函数)(x f 的单调递增区间；（2）将函数)(x f y =图像向右平移4π个单位后，得到函数)(x g y =的图像,求方程1)(=x g 的解。

2016年上海市普通高中学业水平考试生命科学试卷考生注意：1、试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

2、本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括两部分，第一部分全部为选择题，第二部分为综合分析题，包括填空题和简答题等题型。

3、答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、报名号、考场号和座位号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。

第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，第二部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。

一、选择题（共80分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案。

）1．某同学的体检报告显示，她的血红蛋白含量偏低，这可能是因为她体内缺乏A．Na+ B．Fe2+ C. Mg2+ D. Ca2+2．有一类小分子化合物，人体所需的量极少，但缺乏时会引起相应的病症，这种化合物是A．维生素 B.糖类 C．蛋白质 D.脂类3．图1是某细胞局部的亚显微结构照片，图中所示表面附着颗粒的膜结构细胞器是A．细胞核 B.内质网 C.细胞壁 D.液泡4．肺是人体和外界交换气体的主要器官，血液中的C02进入肺泡细胞的方式是A．自由扩散 B.协助扩散C.主动运输 D．胞吞胞吐5．图2是一种单体的结构筒图，以此为基本单位可以构成A．核酸 B．脂肪 C.糖类 D．蛋白质6．餐后食物中的淀粉在消化道中消化成葡萄糖，此过程的反应类型是A.合成反应 B．水解反应C.缩合反应D.氧化分解反应7．图3表示一个二肽分子，其中由羧基和氨基脱水缩合形成的化学键是指A．① B．② C．③ D．④8．图4为细胞膜结构模式图，图中序号与其所示化合物正确对应的是A.①脂肪酸B.②磷脂C.③脂蛋白D.④蛋白质9．洋葱表皮细胞质壁分离和复原实验过程中，液泡的体积会随外界溶液浓度的变化而改变，如图5所示。

图中①、②两处滴加的溶液分别是A．清水、清水B.清水、30%蔗糖溶液C. 30%蔗糖溶液、清水D. 30%蔗糖溶液、30%蔗糖溶液10.光合作用直接或间接地为地球上绝大多数生物的生存提供食物和能源，称为“地球上最重要的化学反应”。

上海市徐汇、松江、金山三区高三生物学习能力诊断试题（无答案）（徐汇区等三区二模）沪科版考生注意：试卷满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。

本考试分设为试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括两部分，第一部分全部为选择题，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

第二部分为综合题，答案必须全部写在答题纸上。

一、选择题（共60分。

每小题只有一个正确选项）1．人体内的下列平衡不受激素调控的是A．水的平衡 B．盐的平衡 C．pH的平衡D．血糖的平衡2. 吞噬细胞不参与A．非特异性免疫 B．体液免疫C．细胞免疫 D．合成并分泌抗体3. 炭疽杆菌能产生两种成分的蛋白质内毒素。

科学家将该菌的大型DNA分子破坏，结果该菌仍能产生内毒素。

请分析推断，应该破坏炭疽杆菌的哪个结构，才能使它从根本上不再产生内毒素？A.核糖体B.质粒C.内质网D.拟核4. 正常情况下，下列细胞中最可能不含等位基因的是5.下列关于艾滋病毒、大肠杆菌、胚胎干细胞的比较，正确的是A．都有细胞结构 B．都具有增殖能力C．都属于原核生物 D．都含有核糖体6. 下列四个图中，能正确反映生长素浓度与芽位置关系的是(侧芽1、侧芽2、侧芽3分别表示距顶芽的距离由近到远)7．下表是某中年男子血液化验单中的部分数据：据所学知识判断下列叙述正确的是项目测定值单位参考范围血清葡萄糖223 mg/dL 60～110甘油三酯217 mg/dL 50～200总胆固醇179 mg/dL 150～220促甲状腺激素(TSH) 5.9 uIU/mL 1.4～4.4AB．该男子可能患有高血脂，应不吃脂肪，多吃糖类食物C．该男子可能患有地方性甲状腺肿，细胞代谢速率偏低① ② ③ ④ D ．血浆的生化指标应保持稳定，否则将引起代谢紊乱8.右图所示为真核细胞蛋白合成过程中必需的两种物质(甲、乙)，下列有关叙述中正确的是A ．遗传信息只位于甲上B ．乙由三个碱基组成C ．甲、乙均具有特异性D ．乙中不存在碱基互补配对9．下图表示细胞膜部分功能结构模式图。

2015学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a restaurant. B. At the cinema.C. At the airport.D. At the laundry.2. A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday. D. Friday.3. A. Take a walk. B. Clean the backyard.C. Fill in some forms.D. Enjoy the beautiful day.4. A. She has every confidence in Susan. B. She is a little bit surprised at thenews.C. She has not read the news on the Net.D. She is not as bright and diligent asSusan.5. A. He is a very successful businessman. B. He has changed his business strategy.C. He is making plans to expand his operation.D. He was twenty when he left the company.6. A. To prevent the woman from going there. B. To make the man’s mother happy.C. To make the woman feel sorry.D. To help control the conversation.7. A. He did not attend today’s class either. B. His notes are not easy to read.C. Nobody has seen his handwriting before.D. He is very pleased to be able to help.8. A. Mike is a person difficult to deal with. B. Mike dislikes any formal gathering.C. Mike is unwilling to speak in public.D. Mike often keeps his distance from others.9. A. It is the first time they have been on a trip. B. They feel tired about travelling everywhere.C. They don’t have to worry about the time.D. They have to travel by schedules now.10. A. He is anxious to find a cure for his high blood pressure.B. He doesn’t think high blood pressure is a problem for him.C. He did not take the symptoms of his illness seriously.D. He was not aware of his illness until diagnosed with it.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a ques tion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Two years ago. B. When he was 14.C. At the age of 18.D. When he was 21.12. A. Because his friends persuaded him to give it up.B. Because his teeth were getting really yellow.C. Because he could not afford to buy cigarettes any more.D. Because he was troubled with some health problems.13. A. Hanging out with people who don’t smoke.B. Going out for a cigarette after working hard.C. Riding his bicycle and enjoy the fresh air.D. Saving money each week for future use.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.14. A. The broken alarm system in the brain.B. The increasing demands of modern life.C. The signals the brain sends to the body.D. The suffering from serious health problems.15. A. Doing sports. B. Playing tai chi.C. Having yoghurt.D. Walking outdoors.16. A. Stress is a normal psychological and physical reaction to life.B. Relaxation techniques help maintaining health and well-being.C. High levels of stress may lead to serious health problems.D. Relaxation should be the first priority for all people.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Customer ServicePeople going shopping in America can expect to be treated with respect from the very beginning. When customers get to the store, they are treated as honored guests. Customers don’t usually find store clerks (25) ________ (sit) around watching TV or playing cards. Instead, the clerks greet them warmly and offer to help them find what they want. Customers usually don’t have to ask (26) ________ ________ items cost, since prices are clearly marked. And (27) ________ they are at a yard sale or flea market (跳蚤市场), they don’t bother trying to bargain.When customers are ready to check out, they find the nearest and shortest checkout lane. But as Murphy’s Law would have it, whichever lane they get in, all the other lanes will move (28) ________ (fast). Good stores open new checkout lanes when the lanes get too long. Some evenoffer express lanes for customers with 10 items or less. (29) ________ they pay for their purchases, customers receive a smile and a warm “thank you” from the clerk.In America, customer service continues long after the sale. Many products come with a money-back guarantee. So if there is a problem with the product, customers can take it back. The customer service representative will often allow them to exchange the item or return it (30) ________ a full refund.For many American customers, service is everything. If a person receives poor service from a store, he probably (31) ________ (avoid) shopping there in the future. On the other hand, customers often remain loyal to a business that has excellent service even if their prices are high. Customer service in America grows out of the belief that “the customer is always right.” That (32) ________ not always be true. But, as someone has said, the customer is always the customer.(B)Is A Game Just A Game?Are you addicted to computer games? Do you stay up all night playing them? There’s no doubt that the excitement of games these days makes them hard to put down.We are spoilt for choice when it comes to gaming: You can role play － creating your own characters and stories, giving you a chance to step out of everyday life into (33) ________ imaginary world. And there are shooting games (34) ________ you can let out your anger and frustration in violent situations where you kill people with guns.Some people think that (35) ________ (absorb) in virtual reality does great harm to us. So far, popular games like Grand Theft Auto(36) ________ (blame)for everything from falling results at school to causing acts of extreme violence. Others argue that gaming is a harmless form of entertainment. There is evidence (37) ________playing video games could actually be good for us. Some games are educational. Studies have also shown that the skills(38) ________ (use) in playing games can cause growth in certain areas of the brain, the ability (39) ________ (think)in 3D and even improve our eyesight. And for some, gaming is having a positive effect on their social lives with games like Halo and World of Warcraft often being played in groups. When you work as a group to win the game, your sense of achievement is higher than when winning by (40) ________.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Psychology is both an applied and academic field that studies the human mind and behavior. Research in psychology seeks to understand and explain how we think, act and feel. As most people already realize, a large part of psychology is devoted to the 41 and treatment of mental health issues, but that’s just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to applications for psychology. In addition to mental health, psychology can be applied to a variety of issues that 42 health and daily life including performance enhancement, self-help, motivation, productivity, and much more.Psychology 43 out of both philosophy and biology. Discussions of these two subjects date as far back as the early Greek thinkers including Aristotle and Socrates. The word psychology comes from the Greek word psyche, literally meaning “life” or “breath.” The 44 of psychology as a separate and independent field of study truly came about when Wilhelm Wundt established the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. Wundt’s work was 45 on describing the structures that compose the mind. Wundt believed that properlytr ained individuals would be able to identify accurately the mental processes that 46 feelings, sensations and thoughts.Throughout psychology’s history, some different schools of thought have formed to explain human thought and behavior. These schools of thought often rise to 47 for a period. While these schools of thought are sometimes considered as competing forces, each viewpoint has 48 to our understanding of psychology.Today, psychologists prefer to use more objective scientific methods to understand, explain, and predict human behavior. The discipline has two major areas of focus: 49 psychology and applied psychology. Educational psychology focuses on the study of different sub-topics within psychology including personality, social behavior, and human development. These psychologists 50 basic research that seeks to expand our theoretical knowledge while other researchers do applied research that attempts to solve everyday problems.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Feeling good about our actions — not guilt or pity— motivates giving, according to the latest research.51 seeing or hearing about suffering children makes most people uncomfortable, that grief is not what drives them to dig into their pockets and donate. The reasons people decideto be selfless, it turns o ut, may be slightly more 52 .In the study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers found that people are more likely to give when they think it will make them feel better. They donate, 53 , when they feel hope about putting smiles on those expectant and suffering faces. And that hope, or similar feel-good sensations, are driven by the brai n’s reward systems.Researchers —and charities —have long known that putting a(n) 54 face on an abstract problem opens hearts and wallets. Josef Stalin once said that while one death is a(n) 55 , a million is merely a number. Studies have since found that quantifying the size of a disaster or particular need actually 56 giving, while presenting a single story is more likely to cause a desire to help.But it wasn’t clear whether this “identifiable victim” effect resulted from people’s 57 over their own privilege and resources —or from a sense of connection with the 58 and an urge to feel good about making a difference.To find out, researchers led by Alexander Genevsky, a graduate student in psychology at Stanford, imaged the brains of 22 young adults. In the scanner, they saw either a silhouette (剪影) or a head shot of a young African child. As in previous studies, participants were far more likely to give if they saw a face than a blank silhouette— donating almost twice as muchin photo trials than in the others. However, this decision was related strongly to their 59 .If they showed little activity in their nucleus accumbens— a brain region linked to every type of pleasurable experience—they were actually less likely to give. But if there is a sharp 60 of activity in this reward area, they felt good and gave more. And the photos of the children were more likely to 61 this reward center. Activity in the accumbens, in fact, completely 62 the difference in giving seen between the silhouette-based requests and the photo-based ones.While the findings point to the feel-good 63 behind giving, other research will have to address the question of why givers get that positive emotional boost. Do people feel rewarded when they give because they think about the happiness of the recipient — or do they feel good because they see themselves as 64 and that self-esteem boost (自信心增强) is mood-enhancing? Such information could help charities 65 their messages to maximize their effectiveness.51. A. Since B. Although C. If D. As52. A. passive B. earnest C. impersonal D. selfish53. A. for example B. on the contrary C. as a result D. on the other hand54. A. plain B. ugly C. specific D. frightened55. A. accident B. threat C. solution D. tragedy56. A. ruins B. stimulates C. lowers D. skips57. A. anger B. guilt C. regret D. joy58. A. desire B. mind C. victim D. stuff59. A. actions B. beliefs C. images D. emotions60. A. edge B. rise C. turn D. division61. A. monitor B. target C. activate D. interrupt62. A. resulted from B. counted on C. accounted for D. subjected to63. A. motivations B. compliment s C. ambitions D. requests64. A. executive B. justified C. innocent D. generous65. A. conceal B. tailor C. obtain D. deleteSection BDirections: Read the followi ng three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Handwriting has existed for about 6,000 years. It’s one of our most important inventions. Without it, we would n’t be able to record knowledge or pass ideas from one generation to the next.Most of us know, but often forget, that handwriting is not natural. It’s not like seeing or talking, which are what we are born with. In early America, only wealthy men and businessmen learned to write. A “good hand” became a sign of class and intelligence as well as morality. Most, meanwhile, signed legal documents with a mere ‘X’ and the presence of a witness. Writing only spread to the masses in the 19th century, after schools began teaching handwriting.67 —left-handed students often had their arm tied tightly to their bodies, so they’d learn to write with the “correct” hand. In more modern times, you may remember spending hours learning the correct stroke(笔画), formation and spacing of upper- and lower-case letters.But today, schools are shifting the focus to coursework in STEM – short for science, technology, engineering and mathematics. With limited hours and an increased pressure to meet higher standards, teachers are emphasizing technology and tablets and less of the written word.Technology has threatened writing long before every man, woman and child carried a phone. It came with the invention of the typewriter, which standardized written communication, and that same argument will reappear as technology advances.I don’t know if handwriting will ever die. But today, the growing emphasis on typing is having far-reaching effects. To get a glimpse of the future, just look at the youth. Instead of curly Qs or crazy Ls, kids are using emoticons such as ☺ or ☹ to give a personal touch.Typing is more democratic, too —it isn’t a complicated skill to master. Keyboards are changing the physical connection between writers and text, and people who can’t write by hand, like the blind, can now use tools to communicate only by touch.I suppose it’s easy to grieve over the passing of one era (年代) into another. Sure, I’ll miss the writing of letters, and the beautiful and well-practiced signature written with a pen. And while some pathways in our brains will weaken with the decline of handwriting, we’ll developnew ones as we swipe (滑动) and double-clic k our way into the future.66. Before the 19th century in America, _____________.A. only intelligent people could learn handwriting in schoolsB. legal documents were signed with the presence of a witnessC. most of the people didn’t even know how to write their namesD. people would spend hours learning how to write every day67. Which of the following sentences can best fit in the blank in the third paragraph?A. Writing was a means of human communicationB. Writing has always been serious businessC. Schools tried different ways to force students to writeD. Young people worked hard to improve handwriting68. We can learn from the passage that ______________.A. the invention of cellphones started the decline of handwritingB. handwriting will disappear because young people write poorlyC. typing makes it possible for blind people to communicateD. typing is comparatively easy to learn, even for the disabled69. What does the writer imply in the last paragraph?A. The era of handwriting is leaving and that of typing is coming.B. Letters and signatures are gradually disappearing for sure.C. The decline of writing has drawn much attention from the public.D. Our brains will weaken with the decline of handwriting.(B)Edinburgh– the fourth most beautiful city in the worldHere are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.Need inspiration?Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the lifeand work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top andyou’ll be rewarded with some pretty special views.History lovers?Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock.You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through itwith a map. Listen out for the One o’clock Gun –it fires everyday except Sunday. At one o'clock. Obviously.Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincideFeeling hungry?A satisfying dinner:With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews.A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie inEdinburgh”, to match with real beer (it’s in the Good BeerGuide) and enough whiskies (威士忌酒) to take up a whole pageon the drinks menu.Shopping centrePrinces Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shoppingdrag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and alsoa bit of a retail landmark in the shape of Jenners departmentstore.Harvey Nichols: A byword (代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashionpack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try toseparate you from your cash.Hidden EdinburghEdinburgh’s deepest secret (lite rally) is a network of underground streets, whichyou can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some ofthe myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground.Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted…70. Where can visitors enjoy a full view of the city in Edinburgh?A. Scott Monument.B. Edinburgh Castle.C. Timberyard.D. The Real Mary King’s Close.71. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ___________.A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shoppingB. Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensiveC. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey NicholsD. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols72. The underlined word“edible” is closest in meaning to _____________.A. beautifulB. eatableC. visibleD. delicate73. This page is most likely to be found at ___________.A. /en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburghB. https:///en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburghC. https:///our-destinations/edinburgh-overviewD. /discover/about-the-castle(C)Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romy van der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations.The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important “talent programme” of NWO, the Veni grant. “Whoever receives t his grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,” says Naomi Ellemers.Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applica nts (17.7%). “If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,” said Ellemers.The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. “Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submit,” says Romy van der Lee.In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were establis hed in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: “As a result, it appears that men m ore easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.”In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the languageused by NW O. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, “The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the differenc e in awarding rates.”74. Van der Lee and Ellemers carried out the research to find out whether ____________.A. women are less successful than men in top academic positionsB. female applicants are at a disadvantage in getting research fundingC. NOW’s p rocedures and gender diversity policy enhance fair playD. there are equal chances for men and women to be admitted to a university75. Van der Lee and Ellemers’ study shows that _____________.A. grant receivers were more likely to get appointments at universitiesB. men applicants for research funding outnumbered women applicantsC. the research proposals of women are equally treated with those of menD. the reviewers have narrow, prejudiced conceptions of women candidates76. What might be the main cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations?A. The words used in the instructions and forms.B. T he reviewers’ preference to applications.C. The methods and procedures for evaluation.D. The vague and unclear assessment criteria.77. What will NWO probably do next in response to the results of this research?A. Eliminate possibilities for difference in awarding rates.B. Design a language examination for all the reviewers.C. Emphasize the importance of gender awareness.D. Improve the assessment procedures and criteria.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Being a small business brings advantages the big ones can only dream of. Michael Heppell, author of the latest edition of “5 Star Service”, a book on customer service, has interesting take on this development. “I’m often amazed that smaller businesses think that the secret of success is to be more like the big ones, when in fact the opposite i s true,” he said.He pointed to the very different stories of two fishmongers (鱼贩) in his home town. Having served customers － including Heppell － for many years, the two were joined by a Tesco Extra, Waitrose and Marks & Spencer.The first fishmonger began to complain about these newly-arrived chains to the local press, and even his customers. He pointed out that he couldn’t compete with them on price and finally closed down.“Fishmonger two was different,” explained Heppell. “She worked hard to create a local brand and local loyalty. She would love to tell you about the fish, when and where it was caught and offer some little extras if you spent a few pounds more. She must have felt the effects of the three new arrivals in town but she didn’t complain once. She survived, and of course, since her competitor closed she’s never been busier.”Small businesses that want to grow should stop trying to imitate the big names, advised Heppell. “Find out what they don’t do that you can, and what you do that they can’t. The secret is by providing brilliant levels of service,” he went on to say.They should also start thinking about s peed, believes Heppell, and realize that this can differentiate them from larger competitors. “Smaller businesses can often change faster,adapt more easily and manage trends more quickly than the big boys. However, looking at many smaller businesses the opposite appears to be true. What can you do to get a first mover advantage?”Too often smaller business leaders feel that they have to offer whatever the larger players are offering. They believe that having a narrower range is a disadvantage, but they need to realize that it actually offers them a competitive edge. The mindset of many smaller business owners must change. They need to focus on how to improve their own businesses and what their customers really want. “Because we’re small we can offer x, y and z. It’s because we’re local that we excel at a, b and c,” should be the message, said Heppell.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. The first fishmonger complained about the newly-arrived chains because he thought __________.79. The second fishmonger survived because she managed to _____________.80. What are the two advantages that smaller businesses can have according to Heppell?81. According to the passage, instead of trying to imitate the big names, smaller business owners should __________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.这首脍炙人口的歌曲改编自一首古老的民歌。

浦东新区2015~2016学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试生命科学试卷2016.4考生注意：1．满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上用钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔将学校、姓名及准考证号填写、涂清楚。

作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。

第Ⅰ卷（共60分）一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案）1．下列物质和结构中不．含糖成分的是………………………………………………（）A．生长激素B．核糖体C．ATP D．DNA2．一般情况下，下列关于细胞的叙述正确的是……………………………………（）A．所有的细胞都能进行有氧呼吸B．所有的细胞蛋白质合成场所都相同C．所有的细胞都能进行DNA复制D．所有的细胞形成的RNA分子都相同3．下列有关实验方法或试剂使用的叙述，正确的是………………………………（）A．有丝分裂观察实验中解离液的作用是使根尖细胞分散开B．BTB试剂用于检测酵母菌无氧呼吸是否产生酒精C．苏丹III染液可将花生中的脂肪染色D．提取绿叶中的色素采用的方法是纸层析法4．图1表示的生理过程是……………………………………………………………（）A．细胞分裂B．细胞分化C．细胞生长D．细胞识别5．在浓度为0.3 g/mL的蔗糖溶液中，能发生质壁分离的细胞是…………………（）A．水稻根尖分生区细胞B．洋葱鳞叶表皮细胞C．番茄的原生质体D．人的口腔上皮细胞6．从洋葱根尖细胞中分离出X、Y、Z三种细胞器，测定它们有机物的含量如表1所示。

下列推测不合理．．．的是………（）A．X的形成与核仁有关B．Y具有双层膜结构C．Z可能与蛋白质的分泌有关蛋白质（%）脂质（%）核酸（%）X 61 0 39 Y 67 20 微量Z 59 41 0表1B淋巴细胞浆细胞图1D ．X 、Y 、Z 均可用光学显微镜观察到7．向隔绝空气的酵母菌葡萄糖液中通入少量O 2后，短时间内发生的变化是……（）①乙醇产生速率加快 ②乙醇产生速率减慢 ③葡萄糖消耗速率下降 ④葡萄糖消耗速率增加 A ．①③B ．①④C ．②③D ．②④8．下列免疫过程中，巨噬细胞不参与．．．的是…………………………………………（ ） A ．特异性识别病原体 B ．吞噬病原体C ．细胞免疫D ．体液免疫9．下列图中能正确表示各概念之间关系的是………………………………………（ ）A B C D10．光合作用中与CO 2结合的C 5简称为RuBP ，两者结合生成C 3的反应由RuBP 羧化酶催化。

2021学年第二年学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高二年级生命科学学科【考生注意】考试设试卷和答题纸两局部，所有答案必须填涂〔选择题〕或书写〔非选择题〕在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

考试时间60分钟，试卷总分值100分。

一、选择题〔共40分，每题2分。

每题只有一个正确答案〕：烫发时，先用复原剂使头发角蛋白的二硫键断裂，再用卷发器将头发固定形状，最后用氧化剂使角蛋白在新的位置形成二硫键。

这一过程改变了角蛋白的A．空间结构B．氨基酸种类C．氨基酸数目D．氨基酸排列顺序以下各种疾病中，由与右图同类生物的病原体引起的是A.血友病B.艾滋病C.结核病D.坏血病肝脏细胞将甘油三酯运送到血液的脂蛋白形式是A.高密度脂蛋白〔HDL〕B.低密度脂蛋白〔LDL〕C.极低密度脂蛋白〔VLDL〕D.乳糜微粒〔CM〕4.“观察抗生素对微生物的抑制作用〞的实验中，下述操作不合理的是A．选用液体培养基 B．用涂布法接种C.培养基高压灭菌D．倒置培养某同学设计了单侧光刺激下的植物向光弯曲实验，实验结束后，取植物弯曲局部制作临时切片，置显微镜下观察，结果如以下图。

以下结论可据图得出的是b侧产生的生长素大于a侧生长素影响细胞的伸长生长C．生长素的化学本质是吲哚乙酸生长素低浓度起促进作用，高浓度起抑制作用6.基因型为AaBb的马铃薯要得到基因型为aabb的后代，可采用的生殖方式是A.分裂生殖B.出芽生殖C.营养繁殖D.有性生殖以下各图箭头表示兴奋在神经元之间和神经纤维上传导方向，其中不正确的选项是8.细菌抗药性基因频率升高的原因是A．定向变异B．用进废退C．自然选择D．大量繁殖右图是一个细胞的染色体组成示意图，据图分析这个细胞是：第1页共9页单倍体二倍体三倍体四倍体真核细胞具有一些能显著增大膜面积、有利于酶的附着以提高代谢效率的结构，以下不属于此类结构的是神经细胞的树突B．线粒体的嵴C．甲状腺细胞的内质网D．叶绿体的基粒11.人体骨髓中存在少量间充质干细胞(MSC)，该类型细胞能发生如下图变化.那么MSC属于不分裂细胞胚胎干细胞单能干细胞多能干细胞以下图所示为植物水毛茛的生长现象。

2016-2017学年第二学期徐汇区等级考模拟考（二模）生命科学一、选择题（共40分，每小题题，每小题只有一个正确答案）1. 有一类小分子化合物，人体所需的量极少，但缺乏时会引起相应的病症，这种化合物是A. 维生素B. 糖类C. 蛋白质D. 脂类2. 多肉植物鸡冠通常利用落叶上长出的不定芽进行繁殖，这种繁殖类型是A. 出芽生殖B. 营养生殖C. 分裂生殖D. 有性生殖3. 细胞分化中不可能出现的变化有A. 染色体的复制B. 某些细胞器的增添或消失C. 转录D. 细胞全能性的降低4. 制备单克隆抗体所采用的细胞工程技术包括①细胞培养②细胞融合③胚胎移植④细胞核移植A. ①②B. ①③C. ②③D. ③④5. 生命科学常用图示表示生物大分子的结构，若图1-3分别表示植物细胞中常见的三种有机物，图1-3可分别表示的是A. 多肽、RNA、淀粉B. DNA、RNA、纤维素C. DNA、蛋白质、糖原D. 蛋白质、核酸、糖原6. 右图是酶的专一性示意图，据此判断图中所示的底物是A. RNAB. 淀粉C. 氨基酸D. 蛋白质7. 新物种形成最显着的标志是A. 具有一定的形态结构B. 具有一定的生理功能C. 产生了生殖隔离D. 改变了基因频率8. 将紫色洋葱表皮细胞置于30%的蔗糖溶液中，如右下图所示。

光镜下所能看到的现象是①区域1扩大②区域1缩小③区域2紫色变浅④区域2紫色加深A. ①③B. ①④C. ②④D. ②③9. 禽流感流行时，对进出某地区的人群进行体温测量的作用是A. 发现易感人群B. 保护易感人群C. 发现传染源D. 切断传播途径10. 右图显示了染色体及其部分基因，对①和②过程最恰当的表述分别是A. 交换、缺失B. 倒位、缺失C. 倒位、易位D. 交换、易位11. 如图所示是手碰到钉子后发生缩手反射的示意图．下列叙述正确的是A. 能表示突触结构的是①B. ②处兴奋时膜电位表现为外正内负C. 刺激②处时，③处可以测到电位变化D. 缩手过程中信息仅以化学信号形式传导12. 下列各组化合物或结构，通常能存在内环境中的一组是A. 核糖体、Na+、乳酸B. 突触小泡、神经递质、HPO42—C. 脂蛋白、葡萄糖、抗体D. Ca2+、血浆蛋白、溶酶体13.过量摄入糖类会导致体内脂肪积累，其部分原理如图所示．其中过程X、物质Y和物质Z分别是A．糖酵解、丙酮酸、脂肪酸 B．有氧呼吸、乳酸、脂肪酸C．糖酵解、乳酸、胆固醇 D．有氧呼吸、丙酮酸、胆固醇14.如图为某个基因的部分片段，关于该结构的叙述，正确的是A. ①所圈定的部位是腺嘌呤B. DNA连接酶作用于②处C. 限制酶作用于③处D. 解旋酶作用于④处15.右下图中①代表新鲜菠菜叶的光合色素纸层析结果，则右图②所示结果最有可能来自于A. 水培的洋葱叶B. 生长旺盛的柳叶幼叶C. 培养的衣藻D. 秋冬季银杏的落叶16. 当人体失血过多，动脉血压突然降低，在这种应急状态下，人体出现的反应是A. 副交感神经兴奋，心排血量增加B. 交感神经兴奋，血管收缩C. 交感神经抑制，血管收缩D. 副交感神经兴奋，血管舒张17. 光身长翅与毛身卷翅果蝇杂交后，F1代全为光身长翅。