2008年同等学力申硕公共管理真题及答案

2008年在职攻硕全国联考公共管理硕士综合试卷来源：更新：2009-7-9 16:26:49 点击次数：5554第一部分逻辑一、单项选择题（共30题，每题1分，共30分）1．研究表明，很少服用抗生素的人比经常服用抗生素的人有更强的免疫力。

然而，没有证据表明，服用抗生素会削弱免疫力。

以下哪项如果为真，最能解释题干中似乎存在的不一致？A．抗生素药物对于治疗病毒引起的疾病没有疗效。

B．抗生素药物的价格比较贵，病人只在病重时才服用抗生素药物。

C．尽管抗生素会产生许多副作用，有些人依然不断使用这类药。

D．免疫力差的人，如果不服用抗生素药物，很难从细菌感染的疾病中恢复过来。

E．免疫力强的人很少感染上人们通常需要用抗生素进行治疗的疾病。

2．作为身体中精密平衡的一部分，人类心脏分泌荷尔蒙，一种能够控制血液中盐量和体内循环血量的物质。

人体仅需要极少量的荷尔蒙，这种荷尔蒙在控制血压时极其重要，并且在患心脏病的病人的血液中大量发现。

如果以上题干是正确的，那么下面哪一项一定是真的？A．假如心脏荷尔蒙分泌量缺乏，将导致低血压。

B．大量心脏荷尔蒙导致心脏病的发作。

C．少量心脏荷尔蒙的影响在体内将是长期的。

D．假如一个仅仅是机械阀的设备被用作人工心脏，它将不能执行人类心脏的所有功能。

E．任何控制血压的药将通过影响心脏荷尔蒙分泌量达到其效果。

3．大学新生张强、史宏和黎明同住一个宿舍，他们分别来自东北三省。

其中，张强不比来自黑龙江的同学个子矮，史宏比来自辽宁的同学个子高，黎明的个子和来自辽宁的同学一样高。

如果上述为真，以下哪项也为真？A．张强来自辽宁，史宏来自黑龙江，黎明来自吉林。

B．张强来自辽宁，史宏来自吉林，黎明来自黑龙江。

C．张强来自黑龙江，史宏来自辽宁，黎明来自吉林。

D．张强来自吉林，史宏来自黑龙江，黎明来自辽宁。

E．张强来自黑龙江，史宏来自吉林，黎明来自辽宁。

4．一个产品要创成名牌，必须保持过硬的质量；一个产品只有提高技术含量，才能保持过硬的质量；而一个企业如果忽视技术投资，则产品的技术含量就不可能提高。

2008年同等学力申硕全国统考公共管理试卷作者：佚名来源：本站原创日期：2011-3-18 9:40:55公共管理试卷第一部分公共基础部分第二部分专业知识部分Ⅰ．公共行政学Ⅱ．社会保障学Ⅲ．教育管理学Ⅳ．卫生事业管理学Ⅴ．土地资源管理学考生须知1. 本试卷满分为100分，包括公共基础部分和专业知识部分。

公共基础部分满分30分，每位考生必答；专业知识部分含公共行政学、社会保障学、教育管理学、卫生事业管理学、土地资源管理学五部分，各部分满分70分，考生可根据自己拟申请硕士学位的专业选择其中一部分作答，多选者只按前选部分计分。

2. 请考生务必将本人准考证号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。

3. 必答题部分的单项选择题的答案一律用2B 铅笔填涂在指定的答题卡上，凡做在试卷或答题纸上的答案一律无效；其它题一律用蓝色或黑色墨水笔在答题纸指定位置上按要求作答，未做在指定位置上的答案一律无效。

4. 在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为：在答案所代表的字母上划线，如[A] [B] [C] [D] 。

5. 监考员收卷时，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。

否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。

公共管理试卷第 1 页共7 页第一部分公共基础部分（共30分，每位考生必答）一、单项选择题（答案一律用2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上，答在试卷或答题纸上无效，每小题 1 分，共10分）1．古立克提出了理论。

A．POSDCORB B．PDCA C．XYABC D．PARTBSC2．宪政主义与管理主义是公共行政选择的两种不同价值，宪政主义强调。

A．绩效B．效率C．正义D．市场3．静态层行政组织的构成要件主要包括机构设置、和人员配置等。

A．运行机制B．行政授权C．权责划分D．心理互动4．在我国直辖市中，街道办事处属于。

A．办事机构B．职能机构C．辅助机构D．派出机构5．行政领导活动实质上是领导者、被领导者、群体目标和之间的互动。

2008年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试试题ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR MASTER-DEGREE APPLICANTS(Time Limit: 150 minutes)Paper One 试卷一Part I Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points)Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points)Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points)Part V Error Detection (10 minutes, 5 points)Paper Two 试卷二Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)Part II Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Paper One 试卷一(90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections:In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1．A: Bob, would you mind turning down the TV a little? I’m talking on the phone, and I’m having a hard time hearing.B:A．Please forgive me. B．Oh, sure! I’m sorry about that.C．You should have told me earlier. D．I’m sorry to hear about it.2. A: Hi, I’m your neighbor in 405, next door. I’m Sunny Chan.B:A．I moved here about a week ago. B．Hope we could become good neighbors.C．Hi! Everyone here seems very friendly. D．Jill Kingston. Nice to meet you.3. A: Could you run me over to the office? I’m late. My clock must be slow.B:A．Yes, never mind. I would rather give you a lift.B．All right. But you should buy a new clock.C．It’s my pleasure. May I help you fix your clock, too?D．Yeah, I’ll be glad to drop you off on my way to work.4. A:I’m sorry. He’s not in his office.B:A．Are you sure he will be back soon? B．Would you like to leave a message?C．Can you take a message for me? D．Shall I call him sometime later?5. A: Do you mind if I take off my jacket?B:A．Of course not, make yourself at home. B．Oh, it’s very kind of you to do so.C．I’ll be happy if I can be of any help. D．Yes, it’s pretty warm in here.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6．Man: Bob and Sue seem never discipline their daughter. She’s real nuts.Woman:They are kept in the dark about their daughter’s behavior at school.Question:What can we learn about Bob and Sue’s daughter?A．She likes to eat nuts.B．She is self-disciplined.C．She behaves badly at school.D．She enjoys leaving her parents in the dark.7．Woman:Now, Richard, would you care to explain how the answers to the test questions appeared on your desk?Man:I can’t, Professor Harley. Someone must have left them on my desk.Question:What is the man’s problem?A．He is suspected of cheating.B．He left the answers on his desk.C．He doesn’t know how to explain.D．He didn’t know the answers to the questions.8．Woman:Don’t forget to drop me a line when you settle down.Man:I won’t. I’ll keep you posted.Question:What does the man mean?A．He’ll write to the woman.B．He’ll tell the woman his new address.C．He’ll visit the woman once in a while.D．He’ll chat with the woman on the phone.9．Man:Betty, how was your trip to the museum with tom this afternoon?Woman:Don’t ask me.Question:What does the woman mean?A．Something about the museum interested her.B．Something was wrong with the trip.C．She doesn’t know anything about the museum.D．She doesn’t want to answer the man’s question.10．Man:Hey, Mary. I was invited to be a judge for the Miss America Beauty Contest.Woman:Oh, really? Come on, you’re pulling my leg.Question:what does the woman mean?A．She has no chance to win.B．The man is encouraging her.C．She’ll attend the contest.D．The man is trying to fool her.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10points)Section ADirections:In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11．The survey does not allow for the fact that some students are attending part-time.A．explain B．deny C．consider D．recognize12．British scientists have found how to diagnose the disease, which causes loss of memory and personality change.A．control B．determine C．prevent D．treat13．Witnesses were allegedly tortured or subjected to pressure to fabricate evidence against him.A．fix up B．take up C．pack up D．make up14．So instead we spent the whole afternoon hanging around in the gorgeous autumn sun.A．golden B．beautiful C．warm D．shining15．I couldn’t work out why anyone would invent something so boring.A．draw up B．bring about C．put forward D．figure out16．You can easily find out the benefits of flexible working for both you and your employer.A．loose B．effective C．elastic D．resourceful 17．The State Department has issued a regulation abolishing the special privileges for government officials.A．grants B．rights C．advantages D．interests 18．Will Americans go for AT&T’s plan of pushing the wireless services in the U.S.?A．support B．adopt C．hinder D．attack 19．What lies in pieces around them represents, in effect, a unique private exhibition open to a lucky few.A．in short B．in particular C．in fact D．in turn 20．The weekend event will be centred around Wye College in Ashford, Kent, but the outing to the docks should be the highlight.A．climax B．pleasure C．expectation D．surprise Section BDirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21．Then in June 1967 the country diplomatic relations with Israel after the outbreak of the Six Day War.A．broke away B．broke off C．cut out D．cut down 22．Everyone has faced the embarrassing of deciding how much extra to give a waiter or taxi-driver.A．incident B．event C．dilemma D．menace 23．The school arranged road trip appears to the spring break.A．conform to B．coincide with C．consist in D．collide with 24．The new airport terminal is sure to the development of tourism.A．imitate B．fascinate C．impose D．facilitate 25．The Huntington Library has an collection of rare books and manuscripts of British and American history and literature.A．intensive B．intentional C．extensive D．extensional 26．Inflation will reach its highest in a decade across most of Asia this year, threatening to recent productivity gains.A．reverse B．reserve C．retrieve D．revise 27．Those governments will provide big food and fuel according to the Asian Development Bank.A．substitutes B．substances C．subsequences D．subsidies 28．In mild winters apple buds began to break soon after Christmas, leaving them to frost damage.A．reluctant B．tough C．hostile D．vulnerable 29．What is happening is a survival-of-the-fittest struggle affecting smaller factories in relatively low-tech, labor-intensive industries.A．primarily B．rationally C．primitively D．respectively 30．A traditional critic has the advantage of being able to standards and values inherited from the past.A．turn up B．turn over C．turn to D．turn inPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25points)Directions:There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneThe job was done, and it was time for a last cigarette. Eddie began tapping the pockets of his overalls, looking for the new packet of Marlboro he bought that morning. It was not there.It was as he swung around to look in his toolbox for the cigarettes that Eddie saw the lump. Right in the middle of the brand new bright red carpet, there was a lump. A lump the size of a packet of cigarettes.“I’ve done it again!” said Eddie angrily. “I’ve left the cigarettes under the carpet!”He had done this once before, and taking up and refitting the carpet had taken him two hours. Eddie was determined that he was not going to spend another two hours in this house. He decided to get rid of the lump another way. It would mean wasting a good packet of cigarettes, nearly full, but anything was better than taking up the whole carpet and fitting it again .He turned to his toolbox for a large hammer.Eddie didn’t want to damage the carpet itself, so he took a block of wood and placed it on top of the lump. Then he began to beat the block of wood as hard as he could. He kept beating, hoping Mrs. Vanbrugh wouldn’t hear the noise and come to see what he was doing. It would be difficult to explain why he was hammering the middle of her beautiful new carpet… The lump was beginning to flatten out.After three or four minutes, the job was finally finished. Eddie picked up his tools, and began to walk out to his car. Mrs. Vanbrugh accompanied him. She seemed a little worried about something.“Young man, while you were working today, you didn’t by any chance see any sign ofArmand, did you? Armand is my bird. I let him out of his cage, you see, this morning, and he’s disappeared. He likes to walk around the house, and he usually just comes back to his cage after an hour or so and gets right in. Only today he didn’t come back. He’s never done such a thing before, it’s most peculiar…”“No, madam, I haven’t seen him anywhere,” said Eddie, as he reached to start the car.And he saw his packet of Marlboro cigarettes on the panel, where he had left it at l unchtime….And he remembered the lump in the carpet…31．What did Eddie want to do when he had finished fitting the carpet?A．To have a cigarette. B．To hammer the carpet flat.C．To put back his tools. D．To start work in the dining room.32．Why didn’t Eddie take out the thing under the carpet?A．It was impossible for him to take up the carpet once it was fitted.B．He didn’t need the cigarettes because he had some more in the car.C．It would take too long to take up the carpet and refit it.D．He intended to come back and remove the lump the next day.33．What did Eddie do with the hammer?A．He drove nails into the lump. B．He fixed his toolbox.C．He flattened the lump. D．He refitted the carpet.34．Mrs. Vanbrugh worried that .A．her pet was nowhere to be found B．fitting the carpet would be expensive C．Eddie would smoke in the house D．Eddie hadn’t done a proper job35．What was really under the carpet?A．The packet of cigarettes. B．Eddie’s hammer.C．A lump of wood. D．The missing pet.Passage TwoIf two scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory are correct, People will still be driving gasoline-powered cars 50 years from now, giving out heat-trapping carbon dioxide into the atmosphere—and yet that carbon dioxide will not contribute to global warming. The scientists, F. Jeffrey Martin and William L. Kubic Jr., are proposing a concept, which they have patriotically named Green Freedom for removing carbon dioxide from the air and turning it back into gasoline.The idea is simple. Air would be blown over a liquid solution which would absorb the carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide would then be extracted and subjected to chemical reactions that would turn it into fuel. Although they have not yet built a fuel factory, or even asmall prototype, the scientists say it is all based on existing technology. “Everything in the concept has been built, is operating or has a close cousin that is operating,” Dr. Martin said. The proposal does not violate any laws of physics, and other scientists have independently suggested similar ideas.In the efforts to reduce humanity’s emissions of carbon dioxide, three solutions have been offered; hydrogen-powered cars, electric cars and biofuels. Biofuels are gasoline substitutes produced from plants like corn or sugar cane. Plants absorb carbon dioxide as they grow, but growing crops for fuel takes up wide strips of land. Hydrogen-powered cars emit no carbon dioxide, but producing hydrogen requires energy, and if that energy comes from coal-fired power plants, then the problem has not been solved. The problem with electric cars is that they have typically been limited to a range of tens of miles as opposed to the hundreds of miles that can be driven on a tank of gas.Gasoline, it turns out, is an almost ideal fuel (except that it produces carbon dioxide). If it can be made out of carbon dioxide in the air, the Los Alamos concept may mean there is little reason to switch, after all.“It’s definitely worth pursuing,” said Martin I. Hoffert, a professor of physics at New York University. “It has a couple of pieces to it that are interesting.” Other scientists also said the proposal looked promising but could not evaluate it fully because the details had not been published.36．What is most remarkable about the proposal made by the two scientists?A．It is given a patriotic name.B．No law of physics is violated.C．It is based on existing technology.D．Carbon dioxide can be converted into fuel.37．What is the biggest problem with hydrogen-powered cars?A．There is no cheap source of hydrogen.B．There might be a safety problem in hydrogen production.C．They may still be a cause of global warming.D．They are not suitable for long-distance travel.38．If what is proposed by the two scientists becomes true,.A．air pollution will become a thing of the pastB．there will be no need for gasoline substitutesC．people will be able to use much cheaper energyD．there will be no more biofuel-powered vehicles39．Which of the following can best describe the attitude of Martin I. Hoffert to the proposal?A．Indifferent. B．Positive. C．Suspicious. D．Critical.40．The passage is mainly written to .A．introduce a new concept B．compare different energy sourcesC．stress the importance of gasoline D．discuss solutions to global warmingPassage ThreeIn her international bestselling Talk to the Hand, author Lynne Truss argues that common courtesies such as saying “Excuse me” are practically extinct. There are certainly plenty who would agree with her.Is it really true? We decided to find out by experiments. In dozens of American cities, our reporters performed two experiments: “door tests” (would anyone hold one open for them?); and “document drops” (who would help them retrieve a pile of “accidentally” dropped papers?). Along the way, the reporters encountered all types; men and women of different races, ages, professions, and income levels.While 90 percent of the people passed the door test, only 55 percent passed the document drop. Are people less likely to help others when doing so takes extra effort or time? Not always, the reporters found. Take the pregnant woman who thought nothing of bending down to help us with our papers. Or the woman named Liz who balanced two coffees, her keys and her wallet on a takeout tray with one hand, while picking up papers off the wet pavement with the other, her reason for helping? “I was there,” she said.Overall, men were the most willing to help, especially when it came to document drops. In those, men offered aid 63 percent of the time, compared to 47 percent among women. Of course, men weren’t entirely democratic about whom they’d help. All of them held the door for the female reporter, and were more than twice as likely to help her pick up fallen papers than they were to help our male reporter.By far, the most common reason people cited for being willing to go out of their way to help others was their upbringing. “It’s the way I was raised,” said one young woman who held a door open despite struggling with her umbrella on a rainy day in Brooklyn.We realize this isn’t a rigorous scientific study, but we believe it is a reasonable real-world test of good manners around the globe. And it’s comforting to know that in a place where millions of people push one another each day to get ahead, they’re able to do it with a smile. Hey, if they can make nice here, they can make nice anywhere.41．Which of the following is the best word to describe the experiments?A．Scientific B．Biased. C．Revolutionary. D．Realistic.42．The examples of the pregnant woman and Liz are used to show that some people .A．may take the trouble to help others B．won’t take the trouble to help others C．may help others save time D．Won’t help others save time43．According to the experiments, .A．women are more carefulB．women are more likely to need helpC．men are more ready to helpD．men are more democratic in helping others44．Helping others is a behavior that is largely influenced by .A．social norm B．family educationC．specific situation D．personal character45．The results of the experiments have shown that common courtesies .A．are still with us B．are disappearingC．vary with professions D．needs rigorous studyPassage FourWithin a large concrete room, cut out of a mountain on a freezing-cold island just 1, 000 kilometers from the North Pole, could lie the future of humanity.The room is a vault（地下库）designed to hold around 2 million seeds, representing all known varieties of the world’s crops. It is being built to safeguard the world’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change, terrorism, rising sea levels, earthquakes and the collapse of electricity supplies. “If the worst came to the worst, this would allow the world to reconstruct agriculture on this planet,” says Cary Fowler, director of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, an independent international organization promoting the project.The Norwegian（挪威的）government is planning to create the seed bank next year at the request of crop scientists. The $3 million vault will be built deep inside a sandstone mountain on the Norwegian Arctic island of Spitsbergen. The vault will have metre-thick walls of reinforced concrete and will be protected behind two airlocks and high-security doors.The vault’s seed collection will represent the products of some 10, 000 years of plant breeding by the world’s farmers. Though most are no longer widely planted, the varieties contain vital genetic properties still regularly used in plant breeding.To survive, the seeds need freezing temperatures. Operators plan to replace the air inside the vault each winter, when temperatures in Spitsbergen are around 18℃. But even if some disaster meant that the vault was abandoned, the permanently frozen soil would keep the seeds alive. And even accelerated global warming would take many decades to penetrate the mountain vault.“This will be the world’s most secure gene bank,” says Fowler. “But its seeds will only be used when all other samples have gone for some reason.”The project comes at a time when there is growing concern about the safety of existing seed banks around the world. Many have been criticized for their poor security, ageing refrigeration（冷藏）systems and vulnerable electricity supplies.The scheme won UN approval at a meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome in October 2005. A feasibility study said the facility “would essentially be built to lastforever”.46．The Norwegian vault is important in that .A．the seeds in it represent the rarest varieties of world’s cropsB．the seeds in it could revive agriculture if the worst thing should happenC．it is built deep in a mountain on a freezing-cold Arctic island.D．it is strong enough against all disasters caused by man and nature47．The seed band project was proposed by .A．the Norwegian government B．Norwegian farmersC．Spitsbergen residents D．agricultural scientists48．The seeds in the vault will be stored .A．as samples of world crop varieties B．as products of world plant breedingC．for their valuable genetic properties D．for their resistance to plant diseases49．For the seed band project to be successful, the most important factor is probably .A．constructing tight airlocks B．maintaining high securityC．keeping freezing temperatures D．storing large quantities of seeds50．Which of the following statements is true?A．The Norwegian vault models after existing seed banks.B．The Spitsbergen seed bank is expected to last 10,000 years.C．The existing seed banks have potential problems.D．The UN financed the Spitsbergen seed bank.Passage FiveProbably the hardest part of setting goals is the first step of actually deciding to take action! The first barrier facing most people is the incorrect assumption that goals are only for business people. The reality is everyone sets goals mentally throughout the day. There are always occasions where something has to be done at a particular time or in a particular place. Simple examples could be getting up at a certain time in order to be at work, or to meet with a friend for a leisure activity.The beauty of having goals is the uniqueness of each one to the goal setter. Whether it is personal, financial, business or spiritual, they are all specific to that person and their circumstances.The most important part initially is to write them down. Having goals written down gives you incredible power while helping you to focus on this area.Aim for something that will stretch you while remaining achievable. If you achieve your goal too easily, it is not high enough to make any significant change in your life and needs to be adjusted. On the other hand, if you consistently miss the goals, re-evaluate, and consider settingthem a little lower as you will only get discouraged and probably give up. The aim is to keep growing, and moving into a more satisfactory position for your particular circumstances.As you obtain the levels that you have set for yourself, always include a small reward at each point. This might only be a small thing in the early days like a meal out or a weekend vacation.Remember that these changes will not happen overnight and there will be a period of time when nothing seems to be happening. This is why the goals need to be detailed and as specific as possible with consequence and benefit.Allow some time on a daily basis to educate yourself on how to make the necessary adjustments in your life. This could include listening to a CD, or reading a book on motivation etc.A simple method to start with could be one goal in the main areas of life to be achieved in one month, six months, twelve months or five years. Break that down further into a daily, weekly and monthly system. Stay focused and disciplined to achieve all that you desire.51．The simple examples in Paragraph 1 convey the message that .A．goals are set mostly for important thingsB．most people know when it is time to set goalsC．people set goals to get things done all the timeD．it is necessary to set goals occasionally52．The charm of having goals is that each goal is .A．important B．motivated C．special D．spiritual53．A good goal is one that .A．keeps growing all the time B．is high enough yet attainableC．moves one into a satisfactory position D．is evaluated from time to time54．Goals have to be detailed so that people .A．can know their achievements at each stageB．will eventually reach the levels set for themselvesC．may get small rewards such as a meal outD .can adjust them on various occasions55．For a goal to be achieved, one has to .A．believe in what he is doing B．adapt oneself to new changesC．divert from routine sometimes D．concentrate on it until it is attained Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points)Directions:In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.A presentation has two important components: what you say and56 you deliver it. Theterm delivery covers a wide57 of features of speaking and eye contact is one of them.The appropriate use of eye contact58 from one culture to another. In some cultures, women are59 to lower their eyes in most communication60 ; in others, younger people must keep their eyes lowered when addressing older people.61 , in the United States,62 you are addressing an individual, a small group of people, or a larger audience, you are expected to look at them. You do not have to stare63 and continuously;64 , it is appropriate when speaking to one person to65 occasionally. In a small group you should look around at the different members of the group.66 when addressing a larger audience, you should try to make eye contact with different people around the room. It is important to look at the67 Audience, not just the people in the center of the room,68 you will probably have to turn your head and/or your body in order to make proper eye contact with people69 at the sides of the room. If you look at the floor or the ceiling, you will give the impression that you are not interested in your audience. A speaker establishes friendly relationship with the audience mainly70 eye contact, and good relationship is essential to the success of any speech.56．A．why B．whom C．how D．where 57．A．stretch B．expanse C．extent D．range 58．A．varies B．alters C．specifies D．differentiates 59．A．assumed B．proposed C．expected D．desired 60．A．domains B．settings C．scopes D．environments 61．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．Likewise D．However 62．A．whether B．either C．though D．unless 63．A．constantly B．intensely C．properly D．desperately 64．A．in addition B．for instance C．in fact D．on the other hand 65．A．look away B．look around C．look back D．look over 66．A．Even B．And C．Thus D．Or 67．A．total B．overall C．utter D．entire 68．A．so B．yet C．then D．but 69．A．seat B．seated C．be seated D．being seating 70．A．upon B．after C．through D．untilPart V Error Detection (10 minutes, 5 points)Directions:In this part, there are 10 sentences. Each sentence has 4 underlined words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.71．When I heard the principal called my name, I walked to the front to receive my diploma.A B C D72．Many a man has made a fortune and then have no idea what to do with it.A B C D73．When she arrived, I was pretty fed up, because I waited since eight o’clock.A B C D74．Learners cannot assimilate information that is presented to him at a higher level of abstractionA B Cthat at which they feel comfortable.D75．As you know that you must check in at least 30 minutes before takeoff for most flights.A B C D 76．After attracting more than a million marchers—four times of the size of the historical 1963A BMarch on Washington-the 2004 March for Women’s Life became the largest mass demonstrationCin history.D77．Although well receiving by business leaders, the book is not meant to whitewash any of theA B Cmiscalculations and shortsighted decisions of some corporate bosses.D78．Seriously, though, there’s always something you wish you have not done, but what is doneA B C Dcannot be undone.79．Comparing money with friends, I prefer the latter more, for real friends are not easy to come by,A B C Dand we must value their real friendship.80．Breaking up water into hydrogen and oxygen is a good example of as is known as a chemical change.A B C DPaper Two 试卷二Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)Section ADirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Engineers are developing a new type of Internet connection that could carry so much data so quickly it might surprise even Net surfers. This technology would open up a route through which data can be sent at speeds thousands of times faster than what’s possible now. If all goes to plan, the vast data speeds may soon be available to all. That might help solve the problem of how to handle the enormous growth in Internet traffic. The technology would require some。

同等学力申硕公共管理真题及答案一、单项选择题1、下列哪一项不是公共管理的特征？A.公共性B.公平性C.公开性D.主观性正确答案：D.主观性。

公共管理是以事实为依据，以法律为准绳，强调客观性而非主观性。

2、下列哪一项不是公共管理的基本职能？A.制定政策B.规划计划C.监督执行D.私人决策正确答案：D.私人决策。

公共管理的基本职能包括制定政策、规划计划、监督执行等，但不包括私人决策。

3、下列哪一项不是公共管理的目标？A.提高公共服务质量B.加强政府监管C.增加公民参与D.扩大市场影响力正确答案：D.扩大市场影响力。

公共管理的目标是提高公共服务质量、加强政府监管、增加公民参与等，但不包括扩大市场影响力。

二、多项选择题1、下列哪些是公共管理的原则？A.公平公正原则B.公开透明原则C.效率原则D.主观臆断原则正确答案：A.公平公正原则、B.公开透明原则、C.效率原则。

公共管理以公平公正、公开透明、效率为原则，不包括主观臆断原则。

2、下列哪些是公共管理的主要手段？A.行政手段B.经济手段C.法律手段D.道德手段正确答案：A.行政手段、B.经济手段、C.法律手段。

公共管理的主要手段包括行政手段、经济手段、法律手段，不包括道德手段。

3、下列哪些是公共管理的作用？A.提高社会公共服务水平B.加强政府监管和社会治理C.促进就业和收入分配公平D.保障公民权利和维护社会稳定正确答案：A.提高社会公共服务水平、B.加强政府监管和社会治理、C.促进就业和收入分配公平、D.保障公民权利和维护社会稳定。

公共管理的作用包括提高社会公共服务水平、加强政府监管和社会治理、促进就业和收入分配公平、保障公民权利和维护社会稳定等。

同等学力申硕公共管理真题及答案一、单项选择题1、下列哪一项不是公共管理的特征？A.公共性B.公平性C.公开性D.主观性正确答案：D.主观性。

公共管理是以事实为依据，以法律为准绳，强调客观性而非主观性。

2、下列哪一项不是公共管理的基本职能？A.制定政策B.规划计划C.监督执行D.私人决策正确答案：D.私人决策。

2008年同等学力申硕全国统考工商管理试题2008年同等学力申硕全国统考工商管理试题2008-05-26一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共10分）1、通过揭示组织形成、生存和发展的内在必然性探讨管理原则和方法的流派是：——A管理过程流派 B 管理科学流派C组织管理流派 D 经验管理流派2、早期人际关系学说的奠基人是：——A 泰罗B梅奥 C 法约尔 D 马克斯.韦伯3、随着经验增加，能够形成单位成本下降趋势的原因不包括：——A 劳动效率B 工艺改进C 通过各种改善方式，生产出更标准化的产品D生产出更高质量的产品4、小型多种经营企业，且大部分经营业务集中在少数几个密切相关的产品--细分市场上，应选择哪种矩阵分析其经营业务：——A波士顿矩阵 B 产品--市场演变矩阵 C 通用矩阵 D 同时运用产品--市场演变矩阵和通用矩阵5、根据家庭规模细分消费者市场，这被称为：——A 心理细分B 行为细分C人口细分 D 地理细分6、海尔集团在冰箱产品获得成功后，将“海尔”品牌使用到空调、洗衣机、手机等产品上，这被称为：——A 多品牌策略B 品牌扩展策略C 个别品牌策略D 分类品牌策略7、售后服务属于：——A 核心产品B附加产品 C 形式产品 D 潜在产品8、优先股因为有固定的股利而又无到期日，因而优先股股利可以看做：——A 普通年金B永续年金 C 延期年金 D 即付年金9、一般来说，一个企业的速动比率、流动比率和现金比率由大到小排列的顺序为：——A 速动比率流动比率现金比率B 速动比率现金比率流动比率C 现金比率速动比率流动比率D流动比率速动比率现金比率10.某企业税后净利润为70万元，所得税率为30%，利息费用为20万元，则利息周转倍数为：——A 3.5B 4.5C 5D 6二、多项选择题（每小题2分，共8分）11、程序化决策的传统决策手段包括“——A 判断、直觉B习惯 C 经验 D标准操、下面哪些是企业远景的要素：——A 界定企业当前业务B确定衡量效益的标准C界定实现发展规划的具体步骤D界定满足顾客需求的方式E界定企业远景的特殊性13、菲利普.科特勒提出的“大市场营销”理论除了包括传统的4P以外，还包括如下哪几个P——A权利（Power） B 过程（Process） C 有形展示（Physical evidence）D 公共关系（Public relations） E 地点（Place）4P( PRICE,PROMTION, PLACE AND PRODUCT)14、下列各项财务指标中，反映企业资产周转状况的指标有：——A应收账款周转率 B 流动比率 C 资产负债率D总资产周转率 E 利息周转倍数2008-05-26三、名词解释（每小题3分，共12分）1、管理2、重点集中战略3、产品生命周期介绍期、成长期、成熟期、衰退期4、固定成本四、简答题（每小题7分，共28分）1、说明制度化管理的优越性。

历年同等学力申硕公共管理真题及答案一、单项选择题(每小题1分，共10分)1.公共管理的公共性主要包含了以下两层含义________。

A.管理主体的公共性和管理能力的公共性B.管理事务的公共性和管理对象的公共性C.价值取向的公共性和社会伦理的公共性D.利益取向的公共性和管理参与的公共性2.新公共管理学派的主要代表人物是__________。

A.伍德罗?威尔逊B.罗伯特?V?登哈特C.戴维?奥斯本D.赫伯特?西蒙3.与集权制相比，分权制容易产生以下缺点_________。

A.官僚主义B.本位主义C.专制主义D.事务主义4.中华人民共和国行使国家行政权力的机关是________。

A.中共中央B.全国人大C.国务院D.全国人大和国务院5.按照我国法律规定，在以下资源中有可能属于非公共资源的是_______。

A.土地资源B.矿产资源C.水资源D.信息资源6.北京市政府规定，没有北京市户籍且在北京市交纳社会保障金不满一定年限的外来人口，不得在北京市购买居住性质的商品房，这项政策属于_________。

A.调节性政策B.自我调节性政策C.分配性政策D.再分配性政策7.在现代民主国家中，政策议程通常分为如下两大类__________。

A.企业议程和政府议程B.公众议程和政府议程C.立法议程和行政议程D.政党议程和政府议程8.当前一些地方存在老人倒地没人扶、不敢扶的现象，这反映出当前我国确实在某些方面缺失_________。

A.公共伦理B.社会公德C.公民意识D.社会诚信9.中国共产党十八届三中全会的《决定》强调要全面深化改革，指出要发挥市场在资源配置中的_________。

A.关键性作用B.重要性作用C.决定性作用D.基础性作用10.在现代某些西方国家的公共管理改革中，将私人部门的管理方法引入公共部门的管理之中，重塑公共部门，这种改革被称之为___________。

A.公共部门私人化B.政府企业化C.建立公私伙伴关系D.建设企业家政府二、简答题(每小题10分，共20分〉1.简述政府经济活动中宏观调控的主要内容。

公共管理2008-2018年历年真题及详解（行政管理学部分）2008年一、名词解释（每题4分，共计20分）1.双因素理论2.专门监督3.职能机关4.创制性立法5.察举二、简答题（10分）简述鲍莫尔关于成功领导者应具备素质的观点。

三、论述题（每题15分，共计30分）1.从公共行政的理论角度，试分析我国建立服务型政府的理论依据与现实意义。

2.试述行政决策民主化的趋势及我国实现行政决策民主化的对策。

四、案例分析题（10分）（一）案例基本情况略（二）问题1.（4分）现有的行政管理体制主要存在哪些弊端？2.（6分）大部制有哪些优点？大部制改革的难点是什么？2009年一、名词解释（每题4分，共计20分）1.公共行政2.古典学派3.行政立法4.行政监督5.行政文化二、简答题（10分）简述西蒙有限理性决策理论的基本观点。

三、论述题（每题15分，共计30分）1.试论述非正式组织的功能。

2.试论述行政规范性文件的法律效力。

四、案例分析题（10分）（一）案例基本情况一位从欠发达地区到发达地区任职的领导试图开创工作新局面，提高办事效率，改善服务。

但是大家私下议论局长只靠严厉训人，困难是很少和员工交流。

（二）问题1.为什么说王局长存在沟通问题？2.如何评价王局长的工作？3.给王局长提出一些建议。

2010年一、名词解释（每题4分，共计20分）1.行政决策体制2.非正式沟通3.监察院制度4.政务官5.法律方法二、简答题（10分）简述现代领导集体应具备的素质结构。

三、论述题（每题15分，共计30分）1.试论述如何完善我国行政决策的程序。

2.试论述人事行政的地位和作用。

四、案例分析题（10分）（一）案例基本情况在应对2009年金融危机时，国家采取了一系列政策措施，但是中国人对储蓄有特殊偏好，究其原因，因为政府财力用于社会发展方面的支出少，居民对未来生活缺乏安全感。

（二）问题1.（4分）我国行政职能在哪方面还有缺陷？2.（6分）如何从职能转变的角度解决案例中的问题？2011年一、名词解释（每题4分，共计20分）1.职位分类2.电子政务3.行政沟通4.渐进决策模型5.实证方法二、简答题（10分）简述行政管理的精神。

绝密★启用前2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合试卷考生需知1.选择题的答案需用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。

2.其它题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在制定位置的答案无效。

3.交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。

否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、 问题求解（本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。

下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。

请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。

）1、2若ABC 的三边为a,b,c,满足222a b c ab bc ac ++=++，则ABC 为A 等腰三角形B 直角三角形C 等边三角形D 等腰直角三角形E 以上都不是3、P 是以a 为边长的正方形，1p 是以P 的四边中点为顶点的正方形，2p 是以1p 的四边中点为顶点的正方形，i p 是以1i p - 的四边中点为顶点的正方形，则6p 的面积是（ ） A 216a B 232a C 240a D 248a E 264a 4、某单位有90人，其中65人参加外语培训，72人参加计算机培训，已知参加外语培训而未参加计算机培训的有8人，则参加计算机培训而未参加英语培训的人数是（ ）A 5B 8C 10D 12E 155、方程2(10x x -++= 的两根分别为等腰三角形的腰a 和底b （a<b ）,则该三角形的面积是（ ）A 4B 8C 4D 5E 86、一辆出租车有段时间的营运全在东西走向的一条大道上，若规定向东为正向，向西为负向。

且知该车的行驶的公里数依次为-10、6、5、-8、9、-15、12，则将最后一名乘客送到目的地时该车的位置是（ ）A 在首次出发地的东面1公里处B 在首次出发地的西面1公里处C 在首次出发地的东面2公里处D 在首次出发地的东面2公里处E 仍在首次出发地7、如图所示长方形ABCD 中的AB=10CM ，BC=5CM ，设AB 和AD 分别为半径作半圆，则图中阴影部分的面积为： A 225252cm π- B 2125252cm π+ C 225502cm π+ D 2125504cm π- E 以上都不是8、若用浓度为30%和20%的甲乙两种食盐溶液配成浓度为24%的食盐溶液500克，则甲乙两种溶液各取：A 180克 320克B 185克 315克C 190克 310克D 195克 305克E 200克 300克 9、将价值200元的甲原料与价值480元的乙原料配成一种新原料，若新原料每一千克的售价分别比甲、乙原料每千克的售价少3元和多1元则新原料的售价是：A 15 元B 16元C 17元D 18元E 19元10、直角边之和为12的直角三角形面积最大值等于：A 16B 18C 20D 22E 以上都不是11、如果数列 的前n 项的和 ， 那么这个数列的通项公式是：A B C D E 以上都不是12、以直线y+x=0 为对称轴且与直线y-3x=2对称的直线方程为： A 233x y += B 233x y +-= C y=-3x-2 D y=-3x+2 E 以上都不是13．有两排座位，前排6个座，后排7个座。