财经英语词汇大全-市场经济

经济学常用英语词汇一、一般术语英文中文economist经济学家scarcity稀缺性opportunity cost机会成本marginal边际的utility效用efficiency效率equity公平trade-off权衡incentive激励externality外部性二、经济体系英文中文socialist economy社会主义经济capitalist economy资本主义经济collective economy集体经济planned economy计划经济market economy市场经济mixed economy混合经济liberal economy自由经济protectionism保护主义autarchy闭关自守globalization全球化三、经济学分支英文中文microeconomics微观经济学macroeconomics宏观经济学political economy政治经济学development economics发展经济学international economics国际经济学labor economics劳动经济学environmental economics环境经济学英文中文industrial economics工业经济学public economics公共经济学behavioral economics行为经济学四、市场结构英文中文perfect competition完全竞争monopoly垄断oligopoly寡头垄断monopolistic competition垄断竞争duopoly双寡头cartel卡特尔collusion勾结price discrimination价格歧视price leadership价格领导contestable market可竞争市场五、供求理论英文中文demand需求supply供给equilibrium均衡surplus过剩shortage不足elasticity弹性price elasticity of demand需求价格弹性income elasticity of demand需求收入弹性cross elasticity of demand需求交叉弹性price elasticity of supply供给价格弹性六、成本收益分析英文中文cost成本benefit收益total cost总成本fixed cost固定成本variable cost可变成本average cost平均成本marginal cost边际成本total revenue总收入average revenue平均收入marginal revenue边际收入七、国际贸易英文中文trade贸易export出口import进口tariff关税quota配额subsidy补贴exchange rate汇率balance of trade贸易差额balance of payments国际收支comparative advantage比较优势八、货币银行英文中文money货币currency货币bank银行deposit存款loan贷款interest利息interest rate利率inflation通货膨胀deflation通货紧缩monetary policy货币政策九、财政政策英文中文fiscal policy财政政策budget预算revenue收入expenditure支出tax税income tax所得税value added tax增值税sales tax销售税budget deficit预算赤字budget surplus预算盈余十、经济指标英文中文gross domestic product国内生产总值gross national product国民生产总值national income国民收入per capita income人均收入unemployment失业unemployment rate失业率economic growth经济增长economic development经济发展business cycle经济周期recession衰退。

财经相关英语词汇(M)财经相关英语词汇(M)财经相关英语词汇(M)m1 货币供应量1 货币供应的一种，包括所有实质金钱，例如纸币与硬币，也包括活期存款，即支票户口及即期户口m2 货币供应量2 货币供应的一种，包括货币供量1，加所有定期存款、储蓄存款及非机构性货币市场基金m3 货币供应量3 货币供应的一种，包括货币供应量2，加所有大额定期存款、机构性货币市场基金、短期购回协议，以及较大型流通资产mtn 中期票据一般指年期5-10年的票据macroeconomics 宏观经济研究总体经济行为的经济学范畴majority shareholder 多数股东拥有一家企业50%以上已发行股份的人士或集团management buyin (mbi) 保留管理层的收购项目一组公司外部投资者买入公司的控股股权，并维持现有的管理层management buyout (mbo) 管理层收购项目一家公司的管理人员及/或行政人员买入公司的控股股权management fee 管理费用共同基金经理就提供的服务向投资者收取的定额费用manager universe (benchmark) 管理人基准比较将户口的表现与具代表性的同类资金经理群作比较margin account 保证金、按金指利用借来的资金购买证券客户投入占保证金户口持有证券市场价值的一个百分比的股本对于一般商业而言，指销售价格与销售成本之间的差额marginal tax rate 边际税率多赚1元需要支付的额外税款。

税率会随着收入增加而提高marginal utility 边际效用消费者使用多一个单位的产品或服务可带来的额外满足感mark to market (mtm) 以市值计价根据当时市场价值纪录一种证券、投资组合或账户的价格或价值交易商计算买卖收益及损失，以及在交易商的报税表上申报这些收益及损失的会计方法markdown 减价、调低标价市场内经纪商的最高叫价与交易商收取客户的较低价格之间的差额market 市场一般指买卖股票的股市，但也可指债券、期权或商品市场愿意及有能力购买特定产品的人士market arbitrage 市场套利同时在不同市场买入同一种证券，从两个独立市场的价差获利market cannibilization 互相争夺市场一家公司推出新产品对现有的相关产品的不利影响market capitalization 总市值所有已发行股票的总值。

最全经济学英语词汇(打印版)经济学英语词汇经济学英语词汇 1、General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的 2、Capital 资本 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozenassets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本 available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物 reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本 allocation of funds 资金分配 contribution of funds 资金捐献 working capital fund 周转基金 revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金 contingencyfund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金 buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金 investment 投资,资产 investor 投资人 self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给 bank 银行 current account 经常帐户 (美作:checking account) current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票 (美作:check) bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票 traveller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书 transfer 转让,转帐,过户 money 货币 issue 发行 ready money 现钱 cash 现金 ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠 change 零钱 banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill) to pay (in) cash 付现金 domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性 convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率 foreign exchange 外汇 floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 free第 1 页共 10 页exchange rates 自由汇兑市场 foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货 speculation 投机 saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值 revaluation 重估价 runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃 securities business 证券市场 stock exchange 股票市场 stock exchange corporation 证券交易所 stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所 quotation 报价,牌价 share 股份,股票 shareholder, stockholder股票持有人,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股 stock investment 股票投资 investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行股票 parvalue 股面价格, 票面价格 bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头 assigned 过户opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘 hard times 低潮 business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整 ease 松弛 raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 Wall Street 华尔街 3、Credit 信贷 short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan 长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人 creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方 borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款 interest 利息 rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还 insurance 保险mortgage 抵押 allotment 拨款 short term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务 funded debt 固定债务,长期债务 floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴4、Pruduction 生产 output 产出,产量producer 生产者,制造者 productive, producing 生产的 products, goods 产品consumer goods 消费品 article 物品,商品 manufactured goods, finished goods制成品,产成品 raw product 初级产品 semifinished goods 半成品 by-product 副产品 foodstuffs 食品 raw material 原料 supply 供应,补给 input 投入 productivity 生产率 productiveness 赢利性 overproduction 生产过剩5、Expenses 耗费cost 成本,费用 expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本 overheads 杂项开支,间接成本 operating costs 生产费用,营业成本 operating expenses 营业费用 running expenses 日常费用,经营费用 miscellaneous costs 杂项费用 overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用 upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用 transport costs 运输费用 social charges 社会负担费用第 2 页共 10 页contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用 apportionment of expenses分摊费用 6、Profit 利润 income 收入,收益 earnings 利润,收益 gross income,gross earnings 总收入,总收益 gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额 netincome 纯收益,净收入,收益净额 average income 平均收入 national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率 yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值 7、taxes 税 duty 税taxation system 税制 taxation 征税,纳税 fiscal charges 财务税收progressivetaxation 累进税制 graduated tax 累进税 value added tax 增值税 income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税 excise tax 特许权税 basis of assessment 估税标准 taxableincome 须纳税的收入 fiscality 检查 tax-free 免税的 tax exemption 免税 taxpayer纳税人 tax collector 收税员 8、Internal economic and trade orgnization 国际经济与贸易组织 China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会 National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会 Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会 Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会 BritishCouncil for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会 International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会 International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会 Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会 United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会 Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织 European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体 European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易区 Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会 Eurogroup 欧洲集团 Group of Ten 十国集团 Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十国委员会 Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA 加勒比共同市场(加勒比自由贸易同盟) Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场 Latin American Free TradeAssociation, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟 Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场 African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织第 3 页共 10 页East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场 Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟 West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织 Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织 Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区 CentreNational du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade 法国对外贸易中心 People's Bank of China 中国人民银行 Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行 World Bank 世界银行 International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会 International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织 European Economic andMonetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟 European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金 Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行AfricanDevelopment Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行 Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行 National city Bank of New York 花旗银行 American Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行 American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行 TheChase Bank 大通银行 Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行 Midland Bank,Ltd. 米兰银行 UnitedBank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行 Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行 Bank ofTokyo,Ltd. 东京银行 Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司 La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同体 Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会 United Nations Development Program, NUDP联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金UnitedNations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织 UnitedNations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议 Foodand Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织 Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会 Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会 Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会 Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会 Overseas Chinese 第 4 页共 10 页Investment Company 华侨投资公司 New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦股票市场 Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波罗的海商业和航运交易所A C competitive market 竞争性市场 accounting 会计 capital 资本complement goods 互补品 accounting cost 会计成本 capital stock 资本存量complete information 完全信息 accounting profit 会计利润 capital output ratio 资本产出比率 completeness 完备性 adverse selection 逆向选择capitalism 资本主义 condition for efficiency in exchange allocation 配置 cardinal utility theory 基数效用论交换的最优条件allocation of resources 资源配置 cartel 卡特尔 condition for efficiency inallocative efficiency 配置效率ceteris puribus assumption “其他条production 生产的最优条件 antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法件不变”的假设 concave 凹 arc elasticity 弧弹性 ceteris puribus demand curve 其他concave function 凹函数 Arrow's impossibility theorem 阿罗因素不变的需求曲线 concave preference 凹偏好不可能定理 Chamberlin model 张伯伦模型consistence 一致性 Assumption 假设 change in demand 需求变化 constant cost industry 成本不变产asymetric information 非对称性信change in quantity demanded 需求业息量变化 constant returns to scale 规模报酬average 平均 change in quantity supplied 供给量不变average cost 平均成本变化 constraints 约束 average cost pricing 平均成本定价change in supply 供给变化 consumer 消费者法 choice 选择consumer behavior 消费者行为 average fixed cost 平均固定成本 closed set 闭集 consumer choice 消费者选择 average product of capital 资本平均Coase theorem 科斯定理 consumer equilibrium 消费者均衡产量 Cobb—Douglas production function consumer optimization 消费者优化 average product of labour 劳动平均柯布--道格拉斯生产函数 consumer preference 消费者偏好产量 cobweb model 蛛网模型 consumer surplus 消费者剩余 average revenue 平均收益 collective bargaining 集体协议工资 consumer theory 消费者理论 average total cost 平均总成本 collusion 合谋 consumption 消费average variable cost 平均可变成本 command economy 指令经济 consumption bundle 消费束commodity 商品 consumption combination 消费组合 B commodity combination 商品组合 consumption possibility curve 消费barriers to entry 进入壁垒 commodity market 商品市场可能曲线base year 基年 commodity space 商品空间 consumption possibility frontier 消bilateral monopoly 双边垄断 common property 公用财产费可能性前沿 benefit 收益 comparative static analysis 比较静consumption set 消费集 black market 黑市态分析 consumption space 消费空间 bliss point极乐点 compensated budget line 补偿预算continuity 连续性 boundary point 边界点线 continuous function 连续函数 break even point 收支相抵点compensated demand function 补偿contract curve 契约曲线 budget 预算需求函数 convex 凸 budget constraint 预算约束 compensation principles 补偿原则 convex function 凸函数 budget line 预算线 compensating variation in income convex preference 凸偏好 budget set 预算集收入补偿变量 convex set 凸集competition 竞争 corporatlon 公司第 5 页共 10 页cost 成本 durable goods 耐用品 eqity 公平 cost benefit analysis 成本收益分 dynamic analysis 动态分析 equivalent variation in income 收入cost function 成本函数 dynamic models 动态模型等价变量cost minimization 成本极小化 excess—capacity theorem 过度生产Cournot equilihrium 古诺均衡 E 能力定理Cournot model 古诺模型 Economic agents 经济行为者 excess supply 过度供给 Cross—price elasticity 交叉价格弹economic cost 经济成本 exchange 交换性 economic efficiency 经济效率 exchange contract curve 交换契约economic goods 经济物品曲线D economic man 经济人 exclusion 排斥性、排他性 dead—weights loss 重负损失 economic mode 经济模型 exclusion principle 排他性原则 decreasing cost industry 成本递减economic profit 经济利润 existence 存在性产业economic region of production 生产existence of general equilibrium 总decreasing returns to scale 规模报的经济区域体均衡的存在性酬递减economic regulation 经济调节 exogenous variables 外生变量 deduction 演绎法 economic rent 经济租金 expansion paths 扩展径 demand 需求 exchange 交换 expectation 期望 demand curve 需求曲线 economics 经济学 expected utility 期望效用 demand elasticity 需求弹性 exchange efficiency 交换效率expected value 期望值 demand function 需求函数 economy 经济 expenditure 支出 demand price 需求价格 exchange contract curve 交换契约explicitcost 显性成本 demand schedule 需求表曲线 external benefit 外部收益depreciation 折旧 economy of scale 规模经济 external cost 外部成本derivative 导数 Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思external economy 外部经济derive demand 派生需求图 external diseconomy 外部不经济 difference equation 差分方程 exclusion 排斥性、排他性 externalities 外部性differential equation 微分方程 Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思differentiated good 差异商品契约线 Fdifferentiated oligoply 差异寡头 Edgeworth model 埃奇沃思模型 Factor 要素 diminishing marginal substitution 边efficiency 效率，效益 factor demand 要素需求际替代率递减 efficiency parameter 效率参数 factor market 要素市场 diminishing marginal return 收益递elasticity 弹性 factors of production 生产要素减 elasticity of substitution 替代弹性 factor substitution 要素替代 diminishing marginal utility 边际效endogenous variable 内生变量 factor supply 要素供给用递减 endowment 禀赋 fallacy of composition 合成谬误 direct approach 直接法 endowment of resources 资源禀赋 final goods 最终产品 direct taxes 直接税 Engel curve 恩格尔曲线firm 企业 discounting 贴税、折扣 entrepreneur 企业家firms’demand curve for labor 企业diseconomies of scale 规模不经济 entrepreneurship 企业家才能劳动需求曲线 disequilibrium 非均衡 entry barriers 进入壁垒 firmsupply curve 企业供给曲线 distribution 分配 entry/exit decision 进出决策first-degree price discrimination 第division of labour 劳动分工envolope curve 包络线一级价格歧视 distribution theory of marginal equilibrium 均衡 first—order condition 一阶条件 productivity 边际生产率分配论 equilibrium condition 均衡条件 fixed costs 固定成本 duoupoly 双头垄断、双寡 equilibrium price 均衡价格 fixed input 固定投入 duality 对偶equilibrium quantity 均衡产量 fixed proportions production 第 6 页共 10 页function 固定比例的生产函数 identity 恒等式 institutional economics 制度经济学 flow 流量 imperfect competion 不完全竞争 insurance 保险fluctuation 波动 implicitcost 隐性成本 intercept 截距 for whom to produce 为谁生产 income 收入 interest 利息 free entry 自由进入 income compensated demand curve interest rate 利息率 free goods 自由品，免费品income constraint 收入约束 intermediate goods 中间产品 free mobility of resources 资源自由income consumption curve 收入消internatization of externalities 外部流动费曲线性内部化free rider 搭便车，免费搭车 income distribution 收入分配 invention发明 function 函数 income effect 收入效应 inverse demand function 逆需求函future value 未来值 income elasticity of demand 需求收数入弹性 investment 投资 G increasing cost industry 成本递增产invisible hand 看不见的手 game theory 对策论、博弈论业 isocost line 等成本线， general equilibrium 总体均衡 increasing returns to scale 规模报酬isoprofit curve 等利润曲线 general goods 一般商品递增 isoquant curve等产量曲线 Giffen goods 吉芬晶收入补偿需inefficiency 缺乏效率 isoquant map 等产量族求曲线 index number 指数Giffen's Paradox 吉芬之谜 indifference 无差异 KGini coefficient 吉尼系数 indifference curve 无差异曲线 kinded—demand curve 弯折的需求goldenrule 黄金规则 indifference map 无差异族曲线goods 货物 indifference relation 无差异关系government failure 政府失败 indifference set 无差异集 Lgovernment regulation 政府调控 indirect approach 间接法 labour 劳动grand utility possibility curve 总效individual analysis 个量分析 labour demand 劳动需求用可能曲线 individual demand curve 个人需求labour supply 劳动供给 grand utility possibility frontier 总曲线 labour theory of value 劳动价值论效用可能前沿 individual demand function 个人需labour unions 工会求函数 laissez faire 自由放任 H induced variable 引致变量 Lagrangian function 拉格朗日函数 heterogeneous product 异质产品 induction 归纳法Lagrangian multiplier 拉格朗乘数， Hicks—kaldor welfare criterion 希industry 产业 land 土地克斯一卡尔多福利标准 industry equilibrium 产业均衡 law 法则homogeneity 齐次性 industry supply curve 产业供给曲law of demand and supply 供需法 homogeneous demand function 齐线 law of diminishing marginal utility次需求函数 inelastic 缺乏弹性的边际效用递减法则 homogeneous product 同质产品 inferior goods 劣品 law of diminishing marginal rate ofhomogeneous production function inflection point 拐点 substitution边际替代率递减法则齐次生产函数 information 信息 law of diminishing marginal rate ofhorizontal summation 水平和 information cost 信息成本 technical substitution 边际技术替household 家庭 initial condition 初始条件代率how to produce 如何生产 initial endowment 初始禀赋 law of increasing cost 成本递增法human capital 人力资本 innovation 创新则hypothesis 假说 input 投入 law of one price 单一价格法则input—output 投入—产出 leader—follower model 领导者--跟I institution 制度随者模型第 7 页共 10 页least—cost combination of inputs 最marginal returns 边际回报Necessary condition 必要条件低成本的投入组合 marginal revenue 边际收益necessities 必需品 leisure 闲暇 marginal revenue product 边际收益net demand 净需求 Leontief production function 列昂产品 nonconvex preference 非凸性偏好节夫生产函数 marginal revolution 边际革命 nonconvexity 非凸性licenses 许可证 marginal social benefit 社会边际收nonexclusion 非排斥性linear demand function 线性需求函益 nonlinear pricing 非线性定价数marginal social cost 社会边际成本 nonrivalry 非对抗性 linear homogeneity 线性齐次性 marginal utility 边际效用 nonprice competition 非价格竞争linear homogeneous production marginal value products 边际价值nonsatiation 非饱和性 function 线性齐次生产函数产品 non--zero—sum game 非零和对策 long run长期 market 市场 normal goods 正常品 long run average cost 长期平均成market clearance 市场结清，市场洗normal profit正常利润本清 normative economics 规范经济学 long run equilibrium 长期均衡 market demand 市场需求long run industry supply curve 长期market economy 市场经济 O产业供给曲线 market equilibrium 市场均衡 objective function 目标函数long run marginal cost 长期边际成market failure 市场失败 oligopoly 寡头垄断本 market mechanism 市场机制 oligopoly market 寡头市场 long run total cost 长期总成本 market structure 市场结构 oligopoly model 寡头模型Lorenz curve 洛伦兹曲线 market separation 市场分割 opportunity cost 机会成本 loss minimization 损失极小化 market regulation 市场调节 optimal choice 最佳选择 1ump sum tax 一次性征税 market share 市场份额 optimal consumption bundle 消费束 luxury 奢侈品 markup pricing 加减定价法perfect elasticity 完全有弹性Marshallian demand function 马歇optimal resource allocation 最佳资M 尔需求函数源配置macroeconomics 宏观经济学 maximization 极大化 optimal scale 最佳规模marginal 边际的 microeconomics 微观经济学 optimal solution 最优解marginal benefit 边际收益 minimum wage 最低工资 optimization 优化marginal cost 边际成本 misallocation of resources 资源误置 ordering of optimization(social)marginal cost pricing 边际成本定价 mixed economy 混合经济 preference (社会)偏好排序 marginal cost of factor 边际要素成model 模型 ordinal utility 序数效用本 money 货币 ordinary goods 一般品 marginal period 市场期 monopolistic competition 垄断竞争 output 产量、产出 marginal physical productivity 实际monopolistic exploitation 垄断剥削 outputelasticity 产出弹性实物生产率 monopoly 垄断，卖方垄断 output maximization 产出极大化 marginal product 边际产量 monopoly equilibrium 垄断均衡marginal product of capital 资本的monopoly pricing 垄断定价 P边际产量 monopoly regulation 垄断调控 parameter 参数 marginal product of 1abour 劳动的monopoly rents 垄断租金 Pareto criterion 帕累托标准边际产量 monopsony 买方垄断 Pareto efficiency 帕累托效率 marginal productivity 边际生产率 Pareto improvement 帕累托改进 marginal rate of substitution 边替代N Pareto optimality 帕累托优化率 Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡 Pareto set 帕累托集 marginal rate of transformation 边Natural monopoly 自然垄断 partial derivative 偏导数际转换率 Natural resources 自然资源 partial equilibrium 局部均衡第 8 页共 10 页patent 专利 producer equilibrium 生产者均衡 relative price 相对价格pay off matrix 收益矩阵、支付矩阵 producer theory 生产者理论 rent 租金perceived demand curve 感觉到的product 产品 rent control 规模报酬需求曲线 product transformation curve 产品rent seeking 寻租 perfect competition 完全竞争转换曲线 rent seeking economics 寻租经济学 perfect complement 完全互补品 product differentiation 产品差异 resource 资源perfect monopoly 完全垄断 product group 产品集团 resource allocation 资源配置 perfect price discrimination 完全价production 生产 returns 报酬、回报格歧视 production contract curve 生产契约returns to scale 规模报酬 perfect substitution 完全替代品曲线 revealed preference 显示性偏好perfect inelasticity 完全无弹性 production efficiency 生产效率 revenue收益 perfectly elastic 完全有弹性 production function 生产函数 revenue curve 收益曲线 perfectly inelastic 完全无弹性 production possibility curve 生产可revenue function 收益函数 plant size 工厂规模能性曲线revenue maximization 收益极大化 point elasticity 点弹性 productivity 生产率 ridge line 脊线 positive economics 实证经济学 productivity of capital 资本生产率 risk 风险post Hoc Fallacy 后此谬误 productivity of labor 劳动生产率prediction 预测 profit 利润 Spreference 偏好 profit function 利润函数 satiation 饱和，满足preference relation 偏好关系 profit maximization 利润极大化 saving 储蓄present value 现值 property rights 产权 scarcity 稀缺性 price 价格property rights economics 产权经济law of scarcity 稀缺法则 price adjustment model 价格调整模学 second—degree price discrimination 型 proposition 定理二级价格歧视 price ceiling 最高限价 proportional demand curve 成比例second derivative --阶导数 price consumption curve 价格费曲的需求曲线 second—order condition 二阶条件线 public benefits 公共收益 service 劳务 price control 价格管制 public choice 公共选择 set 集price difference 价格差别 public goods 公共商品 shadow prices 影子价格 price discrimination 价格歧视 pure competition 纯粹竞争 short—run 短期 price elasticity of demand 需求价格rivalry 对抗性、竞争 short—run cost curve 短期成本曲弹性 pure exchange 纯交换线price elasticity of supply 供给价格pure monopoly 纯粹垄断 short—run equilibrium 短期均衡弹性 short—run supply curve 短期供给price floor最低限价 Q 曲线price maker 价格制定者 quantity—adjustment model 数量调shut down decision 关闭决策 price rigidity 价格刚性整模型 shortage 短缺 price seeker 价格搜求者 quantity tax 从量税 shut down point 关闭点 price taker 价格接受者 quasi—rent 准租金 single price monopoly 单一定价垄price tax 从价税断private benefit 私人收益 R slope 斜率 principal—agent issues 委托--代理rate of product transformation 产品social benefit 社会收益问题转换率 social cost 社会成本 private cost 私人成本 rationality 理性 social indifference curve 社会无差private goods 私人用品 reaction function 反应函数异曲线private property 私人财产 regulation 调节，调控 social preference 社会偏好第 9 页共 10 页social security 社会保障 transaction cost 交易费用 social welfare function 社会福利函U数 uncertainty 不确定性 socialism 社会主义 uniqueness 唯一性solution 解 unit elasticity 单位弹性 space 空间 unstable equilibrium 不稳定均衡 stability 稳定性 utility 效用stable equilibrium 稳定的均衡 utility function 效用函数 Stackelberg model 斯塔克尔贝格模utility index 效用指数型 utility maximization 效用极大化 static analysis 静态分析 utility possibility curve 效用可能性stock 存量曲线stock market 股票市场 utility possibility frontier 效用可能strategy 策略性前沿subsidy 津贴substitutes 替代品 Vsubstitution effect 替代效应 value 价值substitution parameter 替代参数 value judge 价值判断 sufficient condition 充分条件 value of marginal product 边际产量supply 供给价值supply curve 供给曲线 variable cost 可变成本 supply function 供给函数 variable input 可变投入 supply schedule 供给表 variables 变量Sweezy model 斯威齐模型 vector 向量symmetry 对称性 visible hand 看得见的手 symmetry of information 信息对称 vulgur economics 庸俗经济学T Wtangency 相切 wage 工资taste 兴致 wage rate 工资率technical efficiency 技术效率 Walras general equilibrium 瓦尔拉technological constraints 技术约束斯总体均衡technological progress 技术进步 Walras's law 瓦尔拉斯法则 technology 技术 Wants 需要third—degree price discrimination Welfare criterion 福利标准第三级价格歧视 Welfare economics 福利经学 total cost 总成本 Welfare loss triangle 福利损失三角total effect 总效应形total expenditure 总支出 welfare maximization 福利极大化 total fixed cost 总固定成本total product 总产量 Ztotal revenue 总收益 zero cost 零成本total utility 总效用 zero elasticity 零弹性 total variable cost 总可变成本 zero homogeneity 零阶齐次性 traditional economy 传统经济 zero economic profit 零利润 transitivity 传递性第 10 页共 10 页。

经济类英语专业词汇汇总常用经济类词汇：economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 预备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,预备金reserve fund 预备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户(美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户(美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票(美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币(美作:bill)to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,治理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)人均国民生产总值per capita GNP产值output value鼓励give incentive to投入input宏观控制exercise macro-control优化经济结构optimize the economic structure 输入活力bring vigor into改善经济环境improve economic environment 整顿经济秩序rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀effectively control inflation 非公有成分non-public sectors主要成分dominant sector实在的tangible全体会议plenary session解放生产力liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 引入歧途lead one to a blind alley举措move实事求是seek truth from facts引进、输入importation和平演变peaceful evolution试一下have a go (at sth.)精华、精粹、实质quintessence家庭联产责任承包制family-contract responsibility system搞活企业invigorate enterprises商品经济commodity economy基石cornerstone零售retail发电量electric energy production有色金属nonferrous metals人均收入per capita income使负担be saddled with营业发达的公司going concerns被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business善于接受的receptive增额、增值、增长increment发展过快excessive growth抽样调查data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分price increase are deducted(excluded) 实际增长率actual growth rate国际收支international balance of payments流通制度circulation system总工资total wages分配形式forms of distribution风险资金risk funds治理不善poor management农业farming林业forestry畜牧业animal husbandry副业sideline production渔业fishing第一产业primary industry第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry生产资料means of production生活资料means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系relations of production生产力productive forces公有制public ownership私有制private ownership全民所有制ownership by the entire/whole people社会主义集体所有制socialist collective ownership厉行节约，反对浪费to practice strict economy and combat waste 外资企业foreign-funded enterprise合资企业joint venture合作企业cooperative enterprise独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。

与经济管理有关的几个m单词经济管理涉及各种各样的概念和术语，其中有许多以字母"M"开头。

下面是与经济管理有关的几个以"M"开头的词语，以及对它们的详细解释。

1. 市场经济（Market Economy）：市场经济是一种经济体系，其中资源的分配和生产决策是由市场上的供需关系和价格产生的。

在市场经济中，生产、消费和投资决策是由个体和企业自主决定的，而政府的干预仅限于维持市场顺利运转和提供公共产品。

2. 货币政策（Monetary Policy）：货币政策是指中央银行通过调整货币供应量和利率等手段来影响经济活动和稳定物价的政策。

货币政策的目标通常是维持价格稳定、促进经济增长和就业。

3. 营销（Marketing）：营销是指企业根据市场需求和竞争状况，通过市场调研、产品定位、市场推广等手段来满足顾客需求、促进销售和提高品牌价值的管理活动。

营销包括市场营销、品牌营销、数字营销等各个方面。

4. 管理（Management）：管理是一种协调和组织资源来实现组织目标的活动。

经济管理是在特定的经济环境下，对资源分配和利益协调进行决策和操作的过程。

它包括计划、组织、领导和控制等各个方面。

5. 宏观经济学（Macroeconomics）：宏观经济学是研究经济体整体表现和宏观变量（如国内生产总值、失业率、通货膨胀等）的学科。

它关注整体经济运行的规律和宏观经济政策的制定。

6. 人力资源管理（Human Resource Management）：人力资源管理是企业或组织通过招募、选用、培训、绩效评估等手段来管理和开发人力资源的过程。

它旨在提高员工的工作效能，促进组织目标的实现。

7. 国际贸易（International Trade）：国际贸易是指不同国家之间的商品和服务的交换活动。

它可以促进资源的有效配置和经济增长，并加强国家之间的经济联系。

8. 竞争策略（Competitive Strategy）：竞争策略是企业根据市场竞争和自身资源优势，制定并实施的长期发展方向和竞争优势的计划。

经济英语词汇大全掌握经济领域的专业术语经济英语词汇大全——掌握经济领域的专业术语经济英语是专门用于描述经济领域的语言。

掌握经济英语词汇对于从事经济学、国际贸易、金融等相关工作的人来说至关重要。

本篇文章将为您提供一个经济英语词汇大全，帮助您扩充经济领域的专业术语。

一、宏观经济学（Macroeconomics）宏观经济学研究整体经济活动，包括国家的经济增长、通货膨胀率、失业率等。

在宏观经济学中，以下术语是必须掌握的：1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)：国内生产总值，衡量一个国家或地区在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和服务的市场价值。

2. Inflation：通货膨胀，指货币流通量增加，导致商品和服务价格普遍上涨的现象。

3. Unemployment Rate：失业率，表示劳动力市场上正在找工作但找不到工作的人口所占的比例。

4. Fiscal Policy：财政政策，指政府通过调整税收和政府支出来影响经济活动的手段。

5. Monetary Policy：货币政策，指中央银行通过调整货币供应量和利率来控制经济增长和通货膨胀的手段。

二、国际贸易（International Trade）国际贸易是指不同国家之间的商品和服务交换活动。

了解以下国际贸易的专业术语可以帮助您更好地理解相关领域的内容：1. Import：进口，指从外国购买商品或服务并引入本国。

2. Export：出口，指本国商品或服务的销售给其他国家。

3. Trade Balance：贸易平衡，指一个国家或地区进口和出口之间的差额。

4. Tariff：关税，是对进口货物征收的税费。

5. Free Trade Agreement：自由贸易协定，是为促进成员国之间贸易自由化而签订的协议。

三、金融（Finance）金融领域涉及金融市场、投资、风险管理等综合性经济活动。

以下是一些金融方面常用的经济英语词汇：1. Stock Market：股票市场，指股票的买卖和交易所的场所。

常用经济类词汇:economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 预备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,预备金reserve fund 预备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户(美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户(美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票(美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币(美作:bill)to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,治理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)人均国民生产总值per capita GNP产值output value鼓励give incentive to投入input宏观控制exercise macro-control优化经济结构optimize the economic structure 输入活力bring vigor into改善经济环境improve economic environment 整顿经济秩序rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀effectively control inflation 非公有成分non-public sectors主要成分dominant sector实在的tangible全体会议plenary session解放生产力liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 引入歧途lead one to a blind alley举措move实事求就是seek truth from facts引进、输入importation与平演变peaceful evolution试一下have a go (at sth、)精华、精粹、实质quintessence家庭联产责任承包制family-contract responsibility system搞活企业invigorate enterprises商品经济commodity economy基石cornerstone零售retail发电量electric energy production有色金属nonferrous metals人均收入per capita income使负担be saddled with营业发达的公司going concerns被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business善于接受的receptive增额、增值、增长increment发展过快excessive growth抽样调查data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分price increase are deducted(excluded) 实际增长率actual growth rate国际收支international balance of payments流通制度circulation system总工资total wages分配形式forms of distribution风险资金risk funds治理不善poor management农业farming林业forestry畜牧业animal husbandry副业sideline production渔业fishing第一产业primary industry第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry生产资料means of production生活资料means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系relations of production生产力productive forces公有制public ownership私有制private ownership全民所有制ownership by the entire/whole people社会主义集体所有制socialist collective ownership厉行节约,反对浪费to practice strict economy and combat waste 外资企业foreign-funded enterprise合资企业joint venture合作企业cooperative enterprise独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points资本主义与社会主义并不就是以计划经济与市场的多少来划分的。

经济与财务英语词汇大全一、宏观经济词汇1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)：国内生产总值GDP measures the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a specific period of time.2. Inflation：通货膨胀Inflation refers to the sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services over a period of time. It is often measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI).3. Monetary Policy：货币政策Monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank to influence the availability and cost of money and credit in the economy, usually through changes in interest rates or the money supply.4. Fiscal Policy：财政政策Fiscal policy refers to the use of government spending and taxation to influence the overall economy. It can be expansionary (increasing spending and/or reducing taxes) or contractionary (reducing spending and/or increasing taxes) depending on the economic conditions.5. Unemployment Rate：失业率Unemployment rate is the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment.6. Exchange Rate：汇率Exchange rate refers to the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another. It is determined by the foreign exchange market and influenced by factors such as interest rates, inflation, and market sentiment.二、财务管理词汇1. Balance Sheet：资产负债表Balance sheet is a financial statement that shows the company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time.2. Income Statement：利润表Income statement is a financial statement that shows the company's revenues, expenses, and net income or loss over a specific period of time.3. Cash Flow Statement：现金流量表Cash flow statement is a financial statement that shows the changes in a company's cash and cash equivalents over a specific period of time.4. Return on Investment (ROI)：投资回报率ROI measures the profitability of an investment by comparing the gain or loss generated relative to the cost of the investment.5. Earnings per Share (EPS)：每股收益EPS is a financial ratio that indicates the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.6. Dividend：股息Dividend refers to the distribution of a portion of a company's profits to its shareholders. It can be paid in the form of cash or additional shares of stock.三、市场与投资词汇1. Stock Market：股票市场Stock market is a market where shares of publicly traded companies are bought and sold.2. Bull Market：牛市Bull market refers to a market with rising prices and investor optimism.3. Bear Market：熊市Bear market refers to a market with falling prices and investor pessimism.4. Portfolio：投资组合Portfolio refers to a collection of investments, such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds, held by an individual or institution.5. Diversification：多元化投资Diversification is a risk management strategy that involves spreading investments across different asset classes and sectors to reduce exposure to any single investment.6. Initial Public Offering (IPO)：首次公开募股IPO refers to the process by which a private company becomes a publicly traded company by offering its shares to the public for the first time.四、国际贸易词汇1. Free Trade：自由贸易Free trade refers to the unrestricted flow of goods and services between countries without tariffs, quotas, or other barriers.2. Import：进口Import refers to the purchase of goods and services from foreign countries for domestic consumption.3. Export：出口Export refers to the sale of goods and services to foreign countries.4. Trade Deficit：贸易逆差Trade deficit occurs when a country's imports exceed its exports, resulting in a negative balance of trade.5. Tariff：关税Tariff is a tax imposed on imported goods and services to protect domestic industries or generate government revenue.6. World Trade Organization (WTO)：世界贸易组织WTO is an international organization that deals with the global rules of trade between nations, aiming to ensure smooth and predictable trade flows.以上是一些经济与财务方面的英语词汇，涵盖了宏观经济、财务管理、市场与投资以及国际贸易等领域。

一、财经类词汇1.扶贫工作poverty alleviation work2.海洋经济the marine economy3.主体功能区战略main functional regions4.区域协调发展balanced development between regions5.现代产业体系the modern industrial system6.产业核心竞争力the core competitiveness of industries7.社会主义现代化建设socialist modernization drive8.扩大内需战略the policy of boosting domestic demand9.农业现代化rural modernization10.综合国力comprehensive/overall national strength11.混合所有制经济the economic sector of mixed ownership12.大企业集团conglomerate13.保税区tax-free zone/ bonded area/ the low-tax14.做大经济蛋糕make the economic pie bigger15.裙带经济crony economy16.做假账falsified accounts17.预算外资金extra budgetary funds18.逃税tax evasion19.骗税tax fraud20.税务抵免tax credit21.焦土政策scorched-Earth plan22.金砖国家BRICS countries23.经济刺激方案economic stimulus bill24.经济封锁economic blockade25.经济复苏economic resurgence26.经济特区SEZ=special economic zone27.经济一体化economic integration28.直辖市municipality29.经贸摩擦economic and trade frictions30.会计电算化accounting computerization31.离岸价格free on board32.贸易顺差/逆差trade surplus/deficit33.市场疲软sluggish market34.市场准入market access35.试点计划pilot programme36.售后服务after-sale services37.人头税poll tax38.弹性预算discretionary budget39.通商口岸trading port40.限购property-purchasing limitations41.闲散基金scattered founds42.印花税stamp duty/tax43.消费税consumer price index44.中外合资企业Sino- foreign joint venture45.注册资本registered capital46.边际效益marginal benefit47.补偿贸易compensatory trade48.次区域合作sub-regional cooperation49.垂直贸易vertical trade50.非关税壁垒non-tariff trade barriers51.反倾销措施anti-dumping measures52.产粮大省granary province53.反倾销税countervailing duty54.服务外包service outsourcing55.风险投资venture capita/risk investment56.不锈钢stainless steel57.软实力和巧实力soft power and smart power58.品牌定位brand positioning59.清产核资asset and capital verification60.假冒伪劣商品counterfeit and substandard products61.农业特产税taxes on special agricultural products62.价格听证会public price hearings63.价格弹性price elasticity64.技术依托technical backstopping65.技术有偿转让transfer of technology with compensation66.灰色收入grey income67.灰色经济grey economy68.积压产品overstocked commodities69.回头客returned customer70.货币回笼withdrawl of currency from circulation71.货币留成制度currency retention scheme72.既得利益集团vested interest groups73.活期存款利率demand deposit interest rate74.上市公司listed companies75.货币操纵国currency manipulator二、缩略语1.香港廉政专员署ICAC=independent commission against corruption2.伦敦国际金融期货和期权交易所LIFFE=London International FinancialFutures and Options Exchange3.中国人民解放军PLA =People's Liberation Army4.国家航空航天局NASA=National Aeronautics and Space Administration5.欧洲安全与合作组织OSCE=Organization Security and Cooperation in Europe6.非营利性组织NPO=Not-for-Profit Organization7.国家物价局SACP=State Association of Community Prices8.英中了解协会SACU=Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding。

经济类英语专业词汇汇总1. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) - 国内生产总值2. Inflation - 通货膨胀3. Deflation - 通货紧缩4. Unemployment rate - 失业率5. Consumer Price Index (CPI) - 居民消费价格指数6. Interest rate - 利率7. Exchange rate - 汇率8. Balance of trade - 贸易差额9. Stock market - 股市10. Bond market - 债券市场11. Fiscal policy - 财政政策12. Monetary policy - 货币政策13. Supply and demand - 供求关系14. Economic growth - 经济增长15. Recession - 经济衰退16. Depression - 经济萧条17. Entrepreneurship - 创业精神18. Capitalism - 资本主义19. Socialism - 社会主义20. Market economy - 市场经济21. Planned economy - 计划经济22. Globalization - 全球化23. Tariff - 关税24. Subsidy - 补贴25. Monopoly - 垄断26. Oligopoly - 寡头垄断27. Economic inequality - 经济不平等28. Economic development - 经济发展29. Foreign direct investment (FDI) - 外商直接投资30. Macroeconomics - 宏观经济学31. Microeconomics - 微观经济学32. Economic indicators - 经济指标34. Net exports - 净出口35. Gross profit - 毛利润36. Free trade - 自由贸易37. Market equilibrium - 市场均衡38. Demand curve - 需求曲线39. Supply curve - 供给曲线。