英语写作常用词语与句型

高考英语作文常用词语和句型一．开头用语：良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。

也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。

１．议论论文：A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantage s．B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,...D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the ci ty and in the countryside.E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/ part in our daily life.F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.2. 书信：A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job...C. Thank you for your letter of May 5.D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.E. How nice to hear from you again.3. 口头通知或介绍情况：A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcem ent to make.B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang t o you.4. 演讲稿：A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health.B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest. 二．并列用语：as well as, not only…but (also), including,A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the l ecture.C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well. =He speaks not only English but also French.D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communi cation.三．对比用语：on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, neverthelessA. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the ot her hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though.C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.四. 递进用语：even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worseA. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location.五. 例证用语：in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namelyA. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily li fe．B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.六. 时序用语：first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same timein the meantime, shortly after, nowadays,A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, let’s have coffee.B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.七. 强调用语：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on e arth.. , not at all ,A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.B What in the world/on earth are you doing?八. 因果用语：thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , with out, with the help of..., owe ...to...A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in expor t sales.B. As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinatio ns.九. 总结用语：in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as y ou know, as is known to allA. Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letter s.B. In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.常用句型（一）段首句1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。

英语写作中100个使用频率较高的词语搭配1．随着经济的快速发展with the rapid development of economy2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard3．先进的科学技术advanced science and technology16．双方的论点argument on both sides17．发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…18．对…必不可少be indispensable to …19．正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:20．…也不例外…be no exception21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in24．复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon25．责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement39．致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…40. 应当承认Admittedly,41．不可推卸的义务unshakable duty42. 满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…43．可靠的信息源a reliable source of information44．宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources45．因特网the Internet （一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）46．方便快捷convenient and efficient47．在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life48．环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly61．扬长避短Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones 62．取其精髓，取其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs.63．对…有害do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information65．跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast withthe latest development of …66．采取有效措施来…take effective measures to do sth. 67．…的健康发展the healthy development of …68．有利有弊Every coin has its two sides.No garden without weeds.80．与…比较compared with…/ in comparison with81. 相反in contrast / on the contrary.82．代替replace/ substitute / take the place of83．经不起推敲cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water 84．提供就业机会offer job opportunities85. 社会进步的反映mirror of social progress86．毫无疑问Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…87．增进相互了解enhance/ promote mutual understanding 88．充分利用make full use of / take advantage of89．承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure动词替换集锦做：do=exercise, practice, perform(做法：behavior=exercise, practice, performance)对…有益处：be good for.=do good to=be beneficial to=be advantageous to=be conducive to 对…有害处：be harmful/bad for=be detrimental to=be disadvantageous toembrace a view that(观点：viewpoint，standpoint，perspective ) 反对：be against=reject, object, oppose=be opposed to=become hostile to支持：support=take sides with=advocate=lend support to=sing high praise of导致：lead to=trigger中性含义：face=be faced with=be possessed of面临，面对：be faced with=be encountered with=be poised on the brink of 破坏：destroy, damage=A decompose, destruct=B endanger, threaten=C impair, decimate, deteriorate=D exercise/practice/perform damage/danger…upon 阻碍：limit=A restrict, restrain, constrict, constrain=B obstacle, barricadeCope with减轻：reduce=A lessen, lighten, lower=B mitigate, alleviate=C decrease, degrade形容词替换集锦难的：difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny不可或缺的：necessary=indispensable=inevitable=irreplaceable=unavoidable重要的：important=crucial, critical, essential, vital=be importance=be of cruciality=be of criticality= be of essentiality=be of vitality 巨大的：large=enormous, tremendous, considerable, appreciable=B 更+形容词growingly/increasingly/climbingly=C 更+动词to a larger extent名词替换集锦日常生活：daily lives=day-to-day lives=everyday lives因素：cause, reason=factor, determinant联系：relationship(relate A to B)=connection(connect A to B )=association(associate A to B)优点：advantage=benefit=superiority=meritWRITTEN BY Tian Jixin①【常见开篇句】1) With the rapid improvement in.../growing awareness of..., more and more.../sth....(e.g. With the considerable improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people's minds at ease.)2) Recently, sth./the problem of...has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern.(e.g. Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.)3) One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that...9) The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of ...from...(年份) to...(年份)10) Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that...11) It is a traditional practice to...in our society.(e.g. It is a traditional practice for young people to be financially dependent on their parents for anything like marriage and housing.)12) It has long been considered only right and proper to...(in China.)(e.g. It has long been considered only right and proper/perfectly justified for the old to assume full responsibility for the growth of the young.)(e.g. In the eyes of the public, official corruption means taking bribes,. ..But such corruption comes in many different forms.)17) No one would deny that... 或Everyone would agree that...(e.g. 见例2)18) When it comes to...(sth.), most people (the public) maintain(s)/contend(s) that...(e.g. When it comes to fake commodities, every consumer has much anger to pour uponthem.)19) Now it is widely believed that...(e.g. Now it is widely believed that examinations are the best possible measure for the selection of the qualified.)20) A public debate has arisen as to/over/concerning...24) Things about...are going on to our advantage, but a long cool look at ...reveals that...(e.g. Things about the reform in state enterprises are not going on to the most workers' advantage....But a long cool look at this move reveals that it will produce some substantial benefits to our nation in a long run.)25) No/Little doubt that...But...(e.g.［There is］Little doubt that the traditional schooling has contributed much to our social development.... But some grave defects in it begin to stand out against the modern times.)26) What does sth. mean?27) How/Why does sth. affect our life?28) What is it like to do...?(e.g. An individual human existence is to the human society what a river is to the ocean, small and busy rushing past rocks at first, but gradually growing wider and quieter until it becomes merged in the ocean in the end.)34) To/For/With most people/sb., sth. is/means...(e.g. To dishonest people, a friend means a target or an object that is of some use to them atpresent or in the future.)35) Sth. is the symbol/mark/equivalent of.../is symbolic of.../is equivalent to...(e.g. If selling one's sex is the mark of degeneration, selling one's power is equivalent to committing crime.)36) Suppose/Imagine that.../Let's suppose/assume/imagine (that)...40) In our life, there often appears such an occasion when.../on which... (或it often happens that..)(e.g. In our daily life, there appears such an occasion when we drink success to our work in one field but, at the same time, begin to do great damage to other fields.)41)“...”That is how one of the great minds/scientists/writers remarked on...(e.g. “Happiness, like an old friend, is inclined to drop in unexpectedly—when you're working hard on something else.”That is how a famous writer once remarked on happiness.)42) One of the great sociologists/psychologists has said:” ... “(e.g. The great classical ballerina Anna Pavlova has said: “No one can arrive from being talented alone. God gives talent; work transforms talent into genius.”In other words...)“Isuspect's spittle in the street blotted it up and ran a DNA test on it which led to the man's arrest for a murder. This case best counts as a practical application of the DNA technique.)47) One day, I happened to witness the incident as follows...(e.g. 略)48) The scientific studies/statistics show/indicate that...(e.g. The latest scientific studies show that, if one's mind catches hold of something and doesnot let it go, it is useless to argue with the mind in this condition. This finding further confirms that a modern man is apt to get anxious and depressed.)49) Every weekend sees sb. go about...(e.g. Every weekend sees Ms Song, my roommate, wolf down her dinner and hurry out with her boy friend.)3) In (the) event (face/case/course/time/view) of... some people usually...(e.g. In the course of human struggle for survival, quite a few people always direct their eyes to its dark side.)4) As is stated (shown/suggested/listed/illustrated) in./According to a recent (the latest) report (survey/questionnaire/study/scientific research), the issue in question really...(there are quite alot of people who...)(e.g. As is shown in a recent questionnaire, there are a large number of people who express greater dissatisfaction than satisfaction at the general mood of society.)5) In our daily life (activities/social contact)/In reality/Actually, man y people respond/react to the issue in question by...11) Awareness of the matter in question is one thing/only the beginning(或the first step), but more important to us is the step/the question of how to (cope with/do with it)…(e.g. Awareness of the harmfulness of superstition is only the first step, but more important to our nation is the step of how to clear it out of our society.)12) There is no easy (perfect/universal/two-bird-one-stone/happiest) method(short-cut/solution/remedy/way) at hand, but...can put us on the right way (in the correct direction) to our final goal/destination (...are/is worth trying out in our work.)(e.g. There is no easy short-cut to removal of superstition, but the followingmeasures/suggestions can put our determination in the right direction.)13) There is no better/sounder time to take steps/measures/action than right now, for norather live a simple life than go along with any others in their evil deeds.)17) To...I might as well cite my own experience.(e.g. To draw out of others more valuable opinions upon the problem, I might as well cite my own experience.)18) If I were thrown/put/involved in (to) the context/background/situation/the state of makingmy choice, I would...(e.g. If I were thrown into the freedom to make my choice among the styles of surviving, I would live like this:)19) Faced with/Hit with...I resolve/propose to...(e.g. Faced with the challenge from the future life, I resolve firmly to perfect myself in the25) The influence/effect/consequence of...has not been confined/limited to...(It also...)(e.g. The influence of our outlook on life has not been confined to any particular aspect of social life. Instead, it has left its mark on every facet of our society.)26) From the analyses of causes for...it is not hard for one to arrive at/cometo/reach/draw/assert/deduce/confirm the conclusion that...(或...to distinguish/see the directionin which...)(e.g. From the analyses of causes for divorces, it is not hard for us to draw the conclusion that the divorce rates will go up steadily under the current circumstances.)27) If one continues to cast an indifferent eye on/to turn a deaf ear to/ to be blind to/to overlook the problem, things are sure to go from bad to worse. 或If one is in real earnest in giving all his)31) Of the two things in question, I prefer/favor/give more weight to/endorse the first (second)/the former (latter). (e.g. 略)32) If it is up to me to make a choice (between both), I would rather choose...over...(e.g. If it were up to me to make a choice between both in the event of betrayal of one's country, I would rather choose death over life.)33) Since neither of the two things can be perfect in.../work effectively / come up to...(the required standard), the best/only/ideal course open to sb. is to...(e.g. Since neither of the two measures can be perfect in the solution to the problem of cheating in exams, the best course open to us is to combine the two measures with other possible solutions.)(e.g. When...in terms of actual results, don't you agree that the latter is a better way of learning?)38) Therefore/In conclusion/To sum up, it is because of the unique/substantial/manifold advantages/superiority offered/held by...that...(e.g. In brief, it is because of the substantial advantages held by the perfection of supervisionthat the public places high hopes on it.)39) As things stand, in fact/substance, nothing can be compared with B in ...although...(e.g. it is not without defects.)(e.g. As things stand, in fact, nothing can be compared with the crackdown o f corrupt officials in arousing the enthusiasm of the masses, although it is not without defects.)(e.g. It is high time that we made our minds open to new, different ideas about it and that we started to take some practical measures so as not to leave it to continue its course until it runs wide.)45) Then/On the basis of the above refutation, how/what...(next)?(e.g. ...how to lift ourselves out of the passive situation?...how to repair the damage man hasdone to the environment?...what can be done about the present trend of blind faith in things foreign.)46) So, I feel strongly that...(e.g. So, I feel strongly that the recent trend of superstition reflects a credibility crisis hanging over the country.)(e.g. I am of the view that China's future is bright but the road to success is not smooth.)52) To my mind/From my point of view/In my opinion, whether...or...depend s on how...(e.g. To my mind, whether money may bring us happiness or evils depends on how we get it and how we use it.)53) Anyway/Anyhow/In any case, whether...or...is a difficult question to answer (remains to beturned over), one thing is certain that...(e.g. In any case, whether cloning is a blessing or a curse remains to be turned over; but one thing is certain that it will make a great difference to our outlook on life.)54) In my eye(s), the wide divergence of opinions as to...does not mean that...(we are at a loss to know how to conduct ourselves). The truth of the matte r (The basic question) is...favorably inclined towards the second (first) one.59) To be frank/To tell the truth, I should second the former (latter) attitude/position in preference to the latter (former).60) Despite the extreme to which the former (latter) viewpoint goes, the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that...(e.g. ...the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that more and more people are doing their bit in brightening China's future.)61) For the foregoing reasons, I (have/will) never...(e.g. For the foregoing reasons, I have never wavered in my pursuit of this purpose.)62) Although...nothing has...can...(或I have/will all along...)A(e.g. ...is what steps I should take towards the realization of my aim.)67) To..., however, is/requires/demands...(e.g. To be a successful learner, however, demands a great deal of work.)68) But in reality, the expression of one' reasons in one thing while the accomplishment of his purpose is another thing, which usually needs/is/requires...(So,...)(e.g. ..., which usually needs a greater effort of will.)69) To me, however, the greatest challenge is not the matter/question of...but (thematter/question) of...(e.g. To me, however, the greatest concern/challenge is not the matter of the grounds for my aspiration, but of capacities to be increased for making it a reality.)(e.g. ...from the modern military history of China.)75) Perhaps it will suffice to mention another example/case/story of..., which unfolds as follows:...(e.g. ...of an unbridgeable gap between ideal and reality, which unfolds as follows: A woman was speaking to her friend about her two beaus. “If I could combine their qualities, I'd be thehappiest person in the world. Ronald is rich, handsome and witty but unwilling to propose marriage to me. Tony, compared with t he first, is outshone but he is eager to marry me.”)76) It is only by/through...that...(e.g. It is only by adapting oneself to a new environment that he is more likely than others to survive in it.)nothing comes close to...(e.g. 略)82) To make the better (clearer/easier) best (clearest/easiest), a further/deeper/wiserstep/way/study/method/measure/plan is/should be...(e.g. To make the clearer clearest, a further study should be taken up of how the phenomenon “La Ni a”came into being.)83) If you are.../want to..., it is vital/ideal/important/essential that...(e.g. If you are more at home in associating one thing with others, it is vital that you take full advantage of the divergent thinking.)84) The most important/essential/substantial/critical thing/matter worth pointing out, however, is...(e.g. ...in the mode of reproduction/living.)89) The effect of comparison/contrast between both is heightened most by the difference in...(e.g. ...in size/intelligence/principles/values/outlook on life/abilities to adapt to new environments.)90) Still under/in similar/the same circumstances/conditions/situations, however, the twothings can turn out quite/most differently(或A turns out to be radically/utterly/totally different from B). (e.g. 略)91) But in the other culture/atmosphere/society/scope/field, by contrast, thething(s)/person(s)/subject(s) grow(s)/develop(s)/turn(s) out/act(s) in the opposite/contrary directions.(或a(n) completely/entirely/qualitatively/vastly/strikingly different result comestwo things/from he same thing is...(e.g. Against the same background, however, what stands out between the two peoples is the angles/perspectives from which they see things.)95) Between the two things/subjects/people under comparison, nothing can bring out/present as great/sharp/poignant contrast as...(e.g. ...as poignant contrast as the occasion when both run into danger.)96) As far as...is/are concerned, sth. in question means/signifies/symbolizes...(e.g. As far as a person of bad taste is concerned, life means seeking for physical incentives, of which money is usually counted as No. One.)97) If adopted/used to define/measure/weigh/judge..., sth. in question is often1)Some (people) argue/claim/believe/hold that... But others set (put) forth a different argument about/appositive views on the matter in question.(e.g. Some claim that setting off firecrackers is a good practice of celebrating the Spring Festival. ...But others put forth opposite views on the problem. )2) Some (people) advocate/endorse/favor/are for (或oppose/object to/are against)... Yetothers stick to/hold on to/cling to the opposite views/argument/points.(e.g. Some advocate changes intended to modernize the building code. ...Yet others hold on to the opposite views.)3) To some people's mind/From some people's point of view/In the eye(s) o f some people, the matter in question is/seems/should be/means...But to others' mind/from others' point of④【常见让步法段首句和过渡句】1) It is true/There is no need to deny that...But it does not mean...(e.g. There is no need to deny that recreational services have added variety to our social life. ...But it does not mean leaving them to take their own courses.)2) Although it is widely believed that..., it can not stand close/coldscrutiny/analysis/examination.3) Admittedly/True/Obviously/Indeed, the issue in question... But one basic/vital fact is being left out of our analysis/consideration, namely/that is…(e.g. Admittedly, the official figures and statistics show that much improvement has been made in people's living standards. ... But one vital fact is being left out of our analysis, namely a1) To prevent this phenomenon/trend from worsening/running wide/To guide thematter/situation to the best advantage, it is necessary/important to...(可用于分析建议类、原因分析类等议论文)2) In the face of...some people take the position that.../some people come to believe that..., to which I can't attach/add my consent.(可用于批驳分析类议论文)或In the face of...people retain/take/show/assume different attitudes/position s/standpoints.(可用于各抒己见类议论文)或In the face of...many people have come up with...(可用于对比分析类议论文和知识性说明文等)3) But many people feel puzzled about/perplexed at/over whelmed with...(the)比说明文)9) More insight/inspiration/truth/thought can be deduced from these changes.(可用于知识性说明文)10) This situation/phenomenon/trend/tendency is ratherdistressing/disturbing/depressing/heart-rending, for the opposite of it is just in line with ourwishes/just what is to be expected.(可用于分析建议、批驳分析和原因分析等议论文)12) This is what we are unwilling to see, so some way must be found out to...(可用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)13) Fortunately, however, more and more people come/begin to realize that ...(可用于分析建议、对比分析和各抒己见类议论文)批驳分析等议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)19) If you push the analysis/study/argument/comparison/exposure further, you will see that...(用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析、各抒己见类议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)20) The same is true of many cases in life.(用于举例说明文)21) Now, let's see what would happen to...in this case/light(或in differentconditions/circumstances).(用于分析建议类议论文和对比说明文)22) Perhaps, it is ideal/high/ripe time for us to tackle/handle/answer/take up the question in no half-hearted manner.(用于分析建议、原因分析类议论文和知识性说明文)23) To be frank, I have turned the question over and over in my mind, but found no reason to sidestep it; so here are my ways to.../my reasons for...(用于理由陈述类议论文和知识性说明文)30) In that case, however, I prefer to...rather than...(用于理由陈述、比较分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)31) (Un)Fortunately, there are still some people who act in the other way around.(用于分析建议和原因分析类议论文)32) Once/If hit/cursed/overwhelmed with such troubles/straits/matters, you'd better/I would(not) do something about them to find your/my way out.(用于知识性说明文)33) I was once caught/stuck in the same situation/context, but I managed to lift myself out of it.(用于知识性说明文)34) When exposed to/subject to the same conditions/challenge/choice, however, different people tend to behave in different ways.(用于各抒己见类议论文)对比性说明文)41) His/Her story is not unusual/rare, it is typical of thousands of people who are followinghis/her lead, so some people have abundant reason to ask how this came into being/how this will affect our future life/what measures should be taken to cope with it. (用于分析建议、原因分析、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)42) The results of this survey/questionnaire have aroused/drawn nationwide / publicattention/concern, which is why some great efforts are being made by our government/society. (用于分析各抒己见类议论文和举例、知识性说明文)43) Such a dilemma/problem/condition we often run into in our life, but the basic question is how to cope with it/but all we need to do is how to approach it. (用于分析建议、原因分析、对(用48) When adopted to define different things/people, sth. comes in a variety offlavors/tastes/meanings/values/senses. A(e.g. When/If adopted to describe the people with different intentions, life often comes in various senses.)49) Sth. may be/bear/convey many meanings/values/hints to many/different people/things, but,in all senses/the broadest sense/a real sense, it is/means...A(e.g. Happiness may convey many hints to many families, but, in every sense, it means making more contribution than demand in a family.)50) On the whole/As a whole/All in all/In substance (essence), however, thediverse/different/various meanings/interpretations/concepts/definitions of sth. originate2) Sth., if made the best/the worst of, will bring some distinct advantages/disadvantages to our social development/one's growth.(e.g. Stock markets, if made the best of, will bring some advantages to our social construction.)3) Sth. is expected to do a lot of benefit/threat/harm to sb./sth. else.(e.g. Cloning, as a new-born thing, is expected to do a lot of benefit to the human progress.)4) (Doing) sth. will enrich/endanger/influence one's life in more than one aspect.(e.g. Having one's head in the clouds sometimes can enrich a good teacher's teaching in more than one aspect.)5) Some good/bad/unexpected effects come of what we have done/sth. done in...9) Why has/did/is...? (For one thing/...For another...Perhaps the mostfundamental/adequate/competent reason is...)(e.g. Why is there a growing drift toward power-seeking in society?)10) It is no easy/simple task/job to furnish/identify/find every reason / cause for sth., but/while, on the whole, three/some factors shout louder/weigh heavier than others/stand out fromothers.(e.g. It is no easy job to find every reason for the increase in the number of teenagers who run away from their homes, but, on the whole, two factors shout louder than others.)11) In view of this situation/drift/boom/social disorder/drastic change, people putforward/advance/suggest/propose two countermoves/countermeasures:...a permanent ban against unhealthy recreations and a long -term moral education.)15) When it comes to the comparison between A and B, each has its own advantages and disadvantages.(e.g. When it comes to the comparison between travelling by car and travelling by train, each has advantages and disadvantages of its own.)16) Ideas/Views on the issue in question vary from person to person/vary widely. A(e.g. Ideas on the way of reading vary from person to person.17) As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take differentviews/positions/attitudes/stands(或people's attitudes are quite opposite to each other.).A (e.g. As to whether birth of various associations on campus is a blessing or a curse, however,seeking/choosing to do sth.)(e.g. There are several reasons for my fondness for the sports.)22) Among the factors that contribute to my achievement/choice/struggle/..., three/a few shout louder/weigh more heavily/stand out.(e.g. Among the factors that contribute to my success in studies, three shout louder.)23) The reasons/factors/causes for my love (of...)/interest (in...)/determination (to do sth.)/objection (to sth.)/...are varied and individual.(e.g. The reasons for my pursuit of the career are varied but individual.)24) A variety of/Quite a few factors have led me to do sth.(e.g. Quite a few factors have led me to form the habit of collecting stamps .)30) This truth/principle/motto/popular saying/way of coping with sth. is/ h olds true for/goes for/can be applied to many/various matters/cases in our actual life.(e.g. The above theory can be applied to a variety of cases in our daily life.)31) There are some/several/a few steps (measures/ways/methods/tricks/less o ns) you/a would-be beginner can follow (take/try/use/learn) to achieve your (his /her) goal/to realizeyour/his dreams/to the best advantage.(e.g. There are some clever tricks a would-be relaxer can learn to keep himself free of worry or stress.)32) When/If sth. in question/you...it is better/advisable/necessary/essential (for you) to follow the instructions/courses/steps/schemes/ways as given/described below.in...(some aspects)(e.g. 略)37) J ust as one can distinguish only by comparing(或Just as there can be no differentiation without contrast), it is necessary/better/worthwhile to see/find out what will come of the contrast/comparison between A and B.(e.g. ...it is worthwhile to find out what comes of the contrast between the Western cultureand the Eastern culture.)38) In/Under/On different/similar situations/conditions/circumstances, how ever, the meanings/connotations/inspirations/lessons/doctrines/experiences/value s/implications/hints derived from (gained in) the same (different) thing(s) are similar/contrary/opposite to one another(或different from one other).second thought is to...(e.g. In view of the above-mentioned negative factors in raising the output, our second thought is to improve the quality of products.)2)To counter/offset/counteract/cancel undesirable/side/ill effects/influence/results of A, B is put forward/proposed/advanced as another better course/ solution to...。

英文写作术语大全（中英文对照）abstract words抽象词acknowledgement致谢active voice主动语态affirmative sentence肯定句agent施动者alliteration头韵ambiguity歧义American English美式英语analogy类比analytic expression分析型表达anastrophe词语倒装法anticlimax order突降法anti-rhetorical反修辞antithesis对照\对偶antonomasia换称antonym反义词apostrophe撇号(即') appositive同位语archaic words古词argumentation议论文argumentative writing议论文写作article冠词ascending order递增法association联想attitude态度audience听众awkwardness拙劣balanced sentence平衡句base词根beginning开头beginning paragraph开头段落between sentences句际bibliography书目big words大词block contrast批对比法body主体bookish verbs学究式动词brainstorming头脑风暴法brevity简练British English英式英语broken sentence破碎句capitalization用大写case study案例分析casual style非正式文体causal analysis因果分析cause-effect development由因到果发展法central thought中心思想Chinese interference中文干扰Chinglish中国式英语choice of words选词choppy sentence断续句循环圆周结构circumlocutory兜圈子的clarity明晰classical rhetoric古典修辞模式classification分类发展法clear reference of pronoun代词前指明晰clear sentence意义明晰句cliché陈词滥调climax order递增顺序clipped words词省略拼法closing paragraph结尾段落coherence连贯coherent连贯的cohesion粘着性cohesive device粘着手段collective noun集体名词collocation搭配colloquial口语化的colloquial context口语语境colloquialism口语化colon冒号combination句子合并组合法comma逗号common words普通词常用语communication means交际手段comparison比较法Complete essay checklist作品核查项目单complete sentence完整句complex sentence复杂句complimentary close结尾套语compound sentence复合句复杂复合句conceptual repetition概念重复法concise简洁conclusion结论concrete illustration具体阐明concrete words实义词confusing sentence意义混乱句conjunction连词connective联系词connotation内涵connotative meaning内涵意义conscious logic逻辑意识consistency一致性consistent diction选词一致性consonant辅音consultative style商谈体content内容context语境contraction省略contrast对比法controlling idea主要思想，conversion词性转换表达法co-occurrence共现coordinating conjunction复合句连词coordination复合correlation相关性corrupt English 迂腐英语cross-cultural writing跨文化写作culture文化curriculum vitae简历dangling modifier悬垂修饰语dash破折号dateline写信日期栏declarative sentence陈述句deduction演绎法deductive演绎逻辑的deductive argumentation演绎论证definite article定冠词definition定义法denotation外延denotative meaning外延意义descending order递降顺序description描写descriptive描述性的descriptive writing描写文development发展diagram图表说明diction选词differentiation区别digressive跑题、离题的，印象法描写的直接法direct thinking pattern直接了当的思维模式directions题义指令discourse pattern篇章模式distance from tone语调产生距离，偏离计划主题division分析分类法documenting the paper论文引证domesticating strategy归化战略domestication归化法drably表达干巴draft草稿effect-cause development由果到因发展法effective paragraph表述有力的段落effective sentence表达有力的句子effective variety表达有力的变化egalitarian(思维)平等化elaboration进一步详尽阐述electronic news media电子新闻媒体embedding structure内嵌结构emotional coloring感情色彩emphasis强调emphatic phrases强调性短语emphatic structure强调性结构emphatic words强调性词语ending结尾ending paragraph结尾段落English thinking英语思维English thinking characters英语思维特征English thinking pattern英语思维模式enumeration列举法epigrammatic effect隽语效果establish context确立语境establish rapport建立沟通基础euphemism委婉语evaluating information评估材料evidence证据exclamation mark感叹号exclamatory sentence感叹句exemplification举例法expected functions（信件的）期望交际功能expletive虚词\填充词explicit language明示的语言explicitness明示性exposition阐述文\议论文expository writing议论文写作expounding解释详细说明expressionism表现主义fallacy in argumentation论证谬误familiar熟悉的faulty parallelism错误平行feedback反馈fiery language情绪激动的语言figure of speech修辞filler words填充词first draft第一稿first-person point of view第一人称flashback倒叙focus中心foreignization外化法foreignizing strategy外化战略formal 正式的formal letter正式信函formal repetition形式重复法formal style正式文体formal words正式体词语formulating thesis statement写作主题句four-character expression(汉语)四字成语fragmental sentence破碎句free choice自由选择frequency of usage使用频率frozen expressions极正式用语frozen style极正式文体full spelling完全拼法full stop句号fullness(段落发展)充分性general connotation普遍内涵意义general pattern常见形式general words一般词汇generalization概括法general-specific pattern由概括到具体发展模式genres风格、体裁gobbledygook官样文章、冗长费解的语言grammatical devices语法技巧grammaticality符合语法性heading信头historical association历史联想hyperbole夸张法hyphen分号hyphenated words用连字号连接的词hyponymy下义关系hyponym下义词ideographic synonym相对近义词idiom成语idiomatic usage习惯用法illustration佐证imperative sentence祈使句impersonal非个性化的、客观的implicit language含蓄语言implicitness含蓄implied meaning隐含意义impressionistic description印象描写法indefinite article不定冠词indent行缩进in-depth analysis深度分析individual words独立个体词individualistic个性化induction归纳法inductive归纳法的inductive argumentation归纳法论证法inductive reasoning归纳法论证infinitive mark不定式标记inflexible and explicit logic刚性显性逻辑informal非正式的informal letter非正式信函information focus信息中心information missing信息遗漏informative提供信息的、提供知识的innuendo讽刺、暗指inside address信内地址interpretation of examples对例子的诠释interpretative reporting诠释性报告interrogative sentence疑问句interrupting expressions插入短语intimate亲密intimate style亲密体inverted pyramid form倒金字塔形式inverted word order词序颠倒法involved modifiers复杂修饰语involved sentence意义复杂句irony反语jargon行话journalese新闻体journalistic writing新闻写作justify the significance论证意义keep to the point紧扣主题key words关键词lack of inflection缺少词形变化language problem语言问题learned words学术用词lengthy passage过长段落letter信函levels of usage用法层次lexical reference句法前指法lexical stylistic devices句法风格技巧line shifting换行linear thinking pattern线形思维模式listing列举literal meaning字面意义literary context文学性语境literary works文学作品literature review文献回顾litotes反语法、间接肯定法、曲言法locating information搜索定位材料logical paragraphing逻辑分段法logical thinking modes逻辑思维模式，逻辑词逻辑短语logicalness逻辑性long sentence长句loose sentence松散句loss of style偏离一贯的风格main body主体main idea主要思想main point要点manuscript手稿、原稿margin页边距materials collecting材料搜集materials sorting材料析选maxim of manner方式次则maxim of quality质量次则maxim of quantity数量次则maxim of relevance相关次则meaning意义means手段mechanical English缺乏灵活的英语message信息messy混乱metaphor隐喻metonymy借代midget words小词、常用词militant tone态度强硬的语调misplaced modifier错位修饰语modifier修饰语monotony单调mood语态mood shifting语态转换mouth-filler口头禅narration叙述体narrative叙述体的narrative writing叙述体写作nature of English language英语语言本质neat整洁negative meaning负面意义negative sentence否定句newly coined words新撰词news report新闻报道news report top-heavy新闻报道的头重模式nominalization名词化non-literature works非文学作品nonrestrictive clause非限制性从句nonrestrictive phrase非限制性短语nonverbal language非言语语言（手势、表情等）noun-oriented sentence倾向名词化的句子novel小说number数number shifting数的转换objective description客观描写obscurity意义不明on equal footing（写作风格）平等化one-sentence paragraph一句段落onomatopoeia拟声词opening paragraph开头段落organization组织outline提纲oxymoron矛盾修饰法padded expression兜圈子的表达parady仿拟paragraph段落独立实体的段落paragraph development段落发展法paragraphing分段法parallel structure平行结构parallelism平行结构parentheses插入语\圆括弧parenthetical expressions插入语passive sentence被动句period句号periodic sentence圆周句person人称person shifting人称转换personal个体化的personal connotation对个体而言的内涵意义personal letter个人信函personification拟人化persuasive writing劝服性写作、以劝说为目的的写作phonetic stylistic device语音风格技巧phrasal verbs短语动词plain sentence相对修辞句的平白句plantification拟物point意义点point of view观点point-by-point contrast逐点对比polite礼貌体的poor English英语表达力贫乏的positional relation位置相关positivist-empirical经验实证性power of communication沟通力practical writing应用文写作precise word表达精确的词汇precision精确prefix前缀preparatory reading写作预备阅读preposition介词presenting ideas阐述观点prewriting写作前printed name of the sender印刷体写信人姓名printed news media印刷体新闻媒体problem-solution提出问题-解决问题的模式process程序法pronoun代词pronoun shifting代词转换proofread校对proper names专有名词public（语篇系统特征）公开性pun双关语punctuation标点punctuation mark标点符号purposefulness目的性Queen's English标准英语question mark问号quotation引用quotation mark引号quoted speech引语reader读者readers-oriented读者为中心的reader-responsible读者文责的reasoning论证redundant collocation多余搭配reference line参考行register语域句际关系relative noun关系名词relative synonym相对近义词repetition重复repetition of structure结构重复法report writing报告写作research paper writing研究报告写作restatement重申法resume 个人简历return address回信地址returning to the beginning照应开头法revise修改rhetoric修辞rhetoric of sentence句子修辞rhetorical analogy修辞类比rhetorical question反问句rhetorical words华丽用语round character性格充分体现的人物roundabout style迂回风格run-on sentence“连环”句salutation称呼语sample样本sarcasm讽刺semicolon分号sentencing组句setting场景shades of meaning隐含义short preposition短介词short sentence短句short story短篇故事signature签名simile明喻simple English简明英语simple sentence简单句simple words简单词sincerity真诚性singleness of purpose目的唯一性situation情景situationally appropriate于情景贴切的slang俚语social association社会联想special terms特殊术语specific words具体词汇speech口头言语spelling拼写stage步骤法statistics数据法strength of meaning意义力度strength of word词语力度stringy sentence“连环”句structural behavior结构行为style风格、文体style is the man风格即人style makes sense风格即成意义stylistic coloring文体色彩stylistic label文体标记stylistic reference文体照应stylistic synonym风格近义词stylistically appropriate于文体贴切的sub-ideas次思想subject主题subject line主题行subject-oriented以主题为中心的subject-verb agreement主谓一致subordination句子从属组合法subsidiary points副观点substantial verb实义动词substitution替代法sub-topics副主题suffix后缀summary摘要superordinate上义词，高级词suspense悬念syllable音节syllogism三段论、演绎推理symbolic符号的synaesthesia通感，同感synecdoche提喻synonym近义词syntactical stylistic device句法风格技巧synthetic expression综合型表达systematic系统性tense shifting时的转换terse passage简练的行文test writing应试写作textual distribution文稿布局the right style合适的风格theme主题third-person point of view第三人称timed writing限时作文title writing标题写作to preach训导式、说教式to reason讲道理、逻辑论证tone语调tones of voice语气topic 话题topic sentence主题句transferred epithet/ hypallage移就transition过渡transitional mark过渡标记transitional techniques过渡技巧truthfulness真实性types of characters人物性格类别ungrammaticality不符合语法性unity统一性unnatural shifting不自然转换usage用法variation趋势分析variety多样化verbal language言语语言verbalization动词化verb-oriented sentence倾向动词化的句子vigor力度vividness生动vocabulary词汇vogue slang流行俚语vowel元音vulgar words平民词语word class词类word division断词法word order词序word power单词表达力wordiness多话、罗嗦wordy罗嗦的writer-responsible作者文责的writer's purpose作者目的writing写作writing attitudes写作态度writing process写作过程writing purpose写作目的zero affix零缀\词性转换法zero derivation零缀\词性转换法。

大运会主题作文The 26th Universiade in Shenzhen 2011 ◆写作要点：1.介绍深圳2.号召热爱体育运动3.号召做文明市民/学生4.欢迎运动员5.深圳做了哪些准备6.保护环境7.我们能为大运会做些什么8.大运会的利弊9.最喜欢的运动员/ 运动项目◆单词必备：Universiade大运会player(s) 选手sportsman 运动员citizen(in Shenzhen) 市民visitors 参观者foreigner 外国人volunteer 志愿者logo 标志hold(held-held) 召开host 主办serve 服务sports 运动welcome 欢迎stadium/ gym 体育馆medal 奖牌confident 自信的memory 记忆game 比赛match /competition 竞赛satisfied满意的international 国际化的modern现代的young 年轻的friendly 友好的active 活跃的polite 有礼貌的helpful 乐于助人的kind-hearted 热心的successful 成功的excited 兴奋地a coastal city海滨城市hold the game 举办比赛a host city 主办城市prepare for 为…做准备get/ be ready for 为…做准备warmly welcome sb热烈欢迎win gold medals 赢得金牌join in the Games 参加比赛try one’s best 尽最大努力protect the environment 保护环境leave sb a good impression 留下好印象all around the world 来自全世界的place of interest 名胜big event 重大事件◆要点写作：1. 开篇点题，介绍大运：The 26th Universiade is coming soon.Shenzhen will hold the 26th Universiade in August 12nd.The 26th Universiade will be held in Shenzhenin August 12nd.As citizens in Shenzhen, we all felt excited.2. 介绍深圳Shenzhen is a coastal city. Shenzhen is a young and active city.It is hot in summer and cold in winter.You can have fun here/ there. (注意，here/ there.前面不加in)There are a lot of places of interest in Shenzhen, such as the Window of the World and the Happy Valley.3. 号召热爱体育运动Doing sports can make us healthy. We will become more and more healthy.4. 号召做文明市民/学生As citizens in Shenzhen, we must do something for our city.We must be friendly and helpful. We must be polite.We should stand in line when we are waiting for the bus/ underground.We shouldn’t throw rubbish on the ground.We should improve our English in order to help foreigners from all over the world.5. 欢迎运动员We are ready for the Universiade. (We have prepared well for it)We warmly welcome players and visitors from all around the world.We wish all the players can get good grades in the match.6. 深圳做了哪些准备Shenzhen is preparing for the Universiade.We have planted more trees and flowers.We build a beautiful gym called “Spring Cocoon”(春茧)Our city is becoming cleaner and more beautiful.The volunteers are ready to serve the Universiade.7. 保护环境We should protect the environment. We shouldn’t throw rubbish on the ground.We should plant more trees.We should take the underground or bus instead of taking a car.8. 我们能为大运会做些什么（例句见文明礼仪，保护环境等）9. 大运会的利弊The world will know Shenzhen better.Shenzhen will become more beautiful. The citizens will become politer.Shenzhenwill be crowded because there will be too many people here. (※here前不加in) The traffic will be crowded.The government spend too much money on the Universiade.10. 最喜欢的运动员/ 运动项目My favourite sportsman is Yaoming. He plays basketball well.I like football best because it is exciting. I like basketball because it needs teamwork.英语作文常用词语和句型一、开头用语1.议论文A．Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages. B．Compared（比较）to / In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient. C．When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience （便利）. However…D．Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.E．As is known to all / As we know（众所周知）, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.F．Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.2.书信：A.I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar（访学者）.B.I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job…C.Thank you for your letter of May 5.D.How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9!E.How nice to hear from you again!3.口头通知或介绍情况：A．Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. B．Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.C．Mr. Green, welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.4.演讲稿：A．Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make aspeech on the subject---A Balanced Diet and Health.B. Good morning, everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of（代表）all present here, to extend（给予）our warm welcome to our distinguished（高贵的）guest.二、并列用语as well as , not only …but also, includingA.Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play aninformative role in our life.B.All of us, including the teachers/ the teachers included, will attend the lecture.C.He speaks French as well as English. = He speaks English, and French as well. = He speaksnot only English but also French.D.E-mail, as well as telephone, is playing an important part in daily communication.三、对比用语on one hand,…on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to …, though, for one thing…foranother, neverthelessA.I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand,it isbecoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid（生动形象的）picture.B.It is hard work, I enjoy it though.C.Contrary to what I had originally（最初地）thought, the trip turned out to be fun.四、递进用语：even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that, worse still, moreover, furthermore, but for, in addition, to make matters worseA.The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover/in addition/worse still, it is in a bad location.五、例证用语：in one’s opinion, that is to say, for instance（例如）, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely（换句话说）A.As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life.B.There is one more topic to discuss, namely/ that is to say, the question of education.六、时序用语：first/ firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time, in the meantime, shortly after, nowadaysA.They will be here soon. Meanwhile（同时）, let’s have coffee.B.Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.七、强调用语:especially, indeed, at least, at the most, what in the world/on earth…, not at allA.Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.B.What in the world/ on earth（究竟）are you doing?八、因果用语：thanks to（幸亏，由于）, because, as a result, because of / as a result of, without, with the help of…, owe …to…A.The company has a successful year thanks to the improvement in export sales.B.As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the college entrance examinations.九、总结用语：in short, briefly/ in brief, generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to allA.Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.B.In short, measure must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.。

高中英语十大应用文常用句型大汇总应用文是高中英语常考的文体之一，命题形式多为文字提示。

书信、通知、日记、发言稿、报道等都是常见的应用文体。

在应用文的写作中，往往需要用到特定的表达方式，所以同学们平时要注意积累一些常用的句型和习惯表达，期末考试要到了，考前看一看、记一记，对英语写作一定有帮助哦！一. 普通书信1. 开头I was delighted/glad to receive your letter. 很高兴收到你的来信。

Your letter came to me this morning. 我今天早上收到了你的来信。

I have received your letter of June the 29th. 我收到了你于6月29日的来信。

How nice to hear from you again. 很高兴再次收到你的来信。

How is it going？最近怎么样？You asked me about(problem，question...)，now let me give you some advice. 你在来信中询问我……，现在，让我给你一些建议。

It has been a long time since we met. 我们很久没见面了。

How time flies！It's three months since I saw you last time.时间过得真快！我们有三个月没见面了。

I'm writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America. 我写信是为了感谢你对我在美国期间的帮助。

2. 结尾I am looking forward to receiving your letter. 我期待你的来信。

Thank you in advance. 提前谢谢你。

Please write to me as soon as possible. 请尽快回信。

英语作文写作常用短语及句子1、常用与开头的短语、句式〔1〕with the 〔rapidly〕growing popularity of 〔computers/private cars〕in China，the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。

〔2〕With the 〔rapid〕growth of 〔our economy/population〕，many problems such as 〔water shortages/waste of energy/lack of professionals and chaotic management〕are beginning to surface〔3〕With the development of 〔science and technology/market economy〕，more and more/an increasing number of people come to realize that …〔4〕Currently there is a widespread/serious concern over (illegal publication/drug abuse/negative influence of western cultures).〔5〕Nowadays ,a heated debated/discussion about…is under way in China .some people believe that …,whereas others argue that…〔6〕There are some reasons for owning (private cars/ personal computers).To begin with,…Next,…Last,…There are, on the other hand, many reasons against it, First,…Second,…Finally,…〔7〕There are many advantages and disadvantages in(owning a car).〔8〕There are various /at least three ways/possible techniques/problems/methods to do something〔9〕Smoking/Alcoholic beverage should be banned from college campuses for toe reasons. The first reason is that …The second reason is that …/On the one hand ,… On the other hand,…〔10〕The possible solutions of (the energy crisis/water shortages/these social problems)depend on three factors…〔11〕The tow major reasons responsible for(the rapid economic growth /the widespread of fake products )are…2．常用于结尾的短语、句式〔1〕It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to 。

写作常用句型与过渡词语1．表示开头的句型 ·with theof ..., wethat ...例文With the development of traffic tools , the communication between us becomes more and more frequent. Nomatter where your friends and relatives live, it is always very easy to pay a visit to them if you would like. Therefore,·With theof economy, China has become increasingly prosperous例文With the help of the computer , this project was completed much earlier than planned.With a will of iron and a heart of love, Mother T eresa served the dying and desperate in India and around the world.·Some peoplethat..., while othersthat...例文Some people say the most important element to success is the luck, while others claim it is hard work. There is no doubt that successful people take advantage of opportunities. But if a man does nothing but wait for the chance·numbersaretothat... 例文Now people in growing numbers are coming to recognize that the business spirit, which carries in its torrential course so many of the talents and energies of men into money - making, has shaped our culture and influenced our ideals and aspirations as a people. For some time..., it has been... 例文For some time in the past it has been widely accepted that babiesand other creatureslearn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards": and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective reward, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理)"drives" as thirst or hunger . In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink of some sortof physical comfort, not otherwise. ·According to recent, there have occurred...例文According to a Worldwide Wildlife Fund report, by 1970, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the·就……来说In the case of man, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even more complicated because we have·Researchers have that...例文Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless ofage.·It has beenthat...人们发现，据报道，据估计例文It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new·常言道…… 中国有句古话…… 许多人常提出这个问题…… 据我所知……··themade in, but...remainWe might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, butthe methods of testing a person's knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. · “...”suchas this·“...”That's how one...例文"All I have learnt in college is junk." -- That's how one college graduate described his frustration in looking for a job. He is hardly alone in the experience. Actually there are thousands of college graduates who complain that the degree they took away can't help them to secure a rewarding job, and the knowledge they acquired in class can't · “Why...？”Many people oftenthe question like this例文"Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world?"Many people often ask the question like this.Surely it is because progress of a particular kind is actually taking place around us and is becoming more and more manifest. Although mankindhas undergone no general improvement in morality, it has made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology.th eof...·One of themany people about nowis ...例文One of the most popular topics many city residents talk about now is the tide of the rural poor flooding the cities. They complain that the migrants have brought crime and prostitution, that they are putting pressure on population control and social order: that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs and exacerbating housing shortages; and that they have worsened traffic and sanitation problems. True, these are the problems posed by the migration, but what about the contribution the rural workers have made to the city's development and prosperity?·One of theourtoday is ...例文One of the basic questions facing our society today is: What promise or threat does new technology hold for our global future? Since the decision our society makes about technological development will undoubtedly have tremendous consequences in the years to come it is urgently necessary to explore this question, especially by·There is athe problem of .... Those who...that...·, the mostfor ouris theof ... which isin...例文perhaps most dangerous for our nation now is the official corruption which is rampant in nearly every field of our society. Once our officials were content with television sets or imported cigarettes as payment for officialservices, they now demand land rights, stock certificates, and even directly dollars. ·Allthethat...例文All available evidence points to the fact that more and more young people are declaring their allegiance to traditional values. Traditional weddings seem to be making a comeback, for example. But this is only a partial, not a ·One maytheto...· of…...factors...Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific research in industry. One is the general atmosphere of secrecy in which it is carried out, the other the lack of freedom of the individual research worker.In so far as any study is a secret one, it naturally limits all those engaged in carrying it out with effective contact with·Recently the... hasworld-wide attention/concernRecently, the alarm about the problem of the use of genetic technologies on human beings have caused wide public concern, and understandably so. With nuclear energy threatening global catastrophe and with so many other technological advances visibly damaging the quality of life, who would wish to have scientists tampering ·In , thereaIn recent years, there is an increasing number of people, especially young people, who show little interest in correcting social inequalities and injustices. According to a national poll last year , eighteen to twenty-nine year-olds agreed by large percentages that young people today are "less idealistic" and "more selfish", and that they are less·athat ...·Recently the例文The problem of development vs. environment has now been in the limelight. Nowhere is the clash more ·think of ... ? see ... ?·Into these questions, we must...How do we think of the heavy burden a student has to carry from kindergarten through graduate school? How do we measure success in education? How does education affect not only labour skills but the quality of life? In seeking answers to such questions, there is much room —— indeed necessity —— for consideration and robust debate.·They believe that ... But people who ..., on the other hand,that...There is much discussion today about whether fast economic growth is desirable. Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, and the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment. People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present ·Tothis point, let us·There is/ are例文There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding·It is athat ... . It isfor ... to ...It's very interesting to note where the debate about diversity is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete ·Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise. that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however , this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. · is ...The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world's great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another , is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. 2. 表示承上启下、段落发展的句型 ·Mymay be expressed as follows:·We mayexample of·Themay beby·There arefor this例文Every sword hastwo blades. Problems do exist in somecollege students' two-day weekend. Some Lazy students may spend most of the time sleeping, doing nothing else. Some may he addicted to playing cards, drinking, ·The thisinvolves, ......The factors for a big rise in the teenage smoking are complex. Some attribute it to the increased standard of living which enables kids to have more pocket money than ever before. others place the blame on the neglectful parents who tolerate and sometimes even encourage their kids smoking. Still others complain of the sharp increase in cigarette advertising and tobacco imports which give young people easy access to Marlboro, Kent and Parliament. Whatever the causes, only particular external. 例文(b)The advantage of the education system in Japan is that students there learn the social skill of cooperation. Another advantage is that they learn much more math and science than most American students. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than their North American counterparts do. The system is demanding, but it prepares children for a society that values discipline and self-control. There are, however , disadvantages. For one thing, many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information they memorized. For another, the extremely demanding system puts enormous psychological pressure on students, and is considered a primary factor in the high suicide rate among Japanese school-age children. .Why is...? 例文Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairlyprovincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second·Why …？·Perhaps the reason is ...·It mayaof problems·The for ... is ....This willsomeconsequences·此外，而且，另外例文 We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore , our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocket book ... Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too · 可是，然而After a year or so, however, I still hadn't gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story·To my 让我感到……的是·the fact that因为……·因为……·I see就我所知……"As much as I honor this award," Steve said, "there's someone who deserves it more than I do." The crowd fell silent. "Everything I accomplished this season, and everything the team accomplished, is thanks to one person." he turned to Michael. "Michael, you always said I was your hero, If I were half the man you are, I would be proud, because there is no doubt that you are my hero."·not that ... , but that ... 不是因为……而是因为……·做成某事I want to conduct my own defense in court, but as soon as my father found out what had happened, he hired a very good solicitor. We went along that Monday armed with all kinds of witnesses, including my English teacher from school as a character witness. But he was never called to give evidence. My 'trial' didn't get that far. The magistrate dismissed the case after fifteen minutes. I was free. The poor police had never stood a chance. The solicitor even·如果……·……很有可能Given the obscure nature of the charge, I feel sure that if I had come from a different background, and had really been unemployed, there is every chance that I would have been found guilty.·The the fact that ...例文The increase in social costs (e.g. environmental pollution, unemployment and unplanned urbanization) mainly results from the failure of people to include these variables in their calculations of cost efficiency. Such a failure is due, partially at least, to the fact that many industries or areas have not, until recently, been held accountable for·reason is ...·……一个比较好的例子是……A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available.3．用于结尾的句型·, we can that ...To sum up, unchecked population growth is not merely an annoying problem exaggerated by pessimists who always worry about the future. It is, on the contrary, the most serious problem humanity faces today. Hunger and starvation, environmental destruction, and increasing human tensions and irritability — these are the certain results·All evidence …·It is that should be taken tothe·No can be tothe problem of ... , but the of the·All in all, it is efforts should be made to·There is no that attention must be to the of…例文There is no doubt that adequate attention must be paid to the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighborhood of the him and the urban environment must offer as many recreation activities as possible. For an·we maythe that ...·the conclusions are ...When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.·总之，结果，总而言之，一言以蔽之，总的来说，In a word, I think the interview will do good to both the interviewer and the interviewee. By an interview the·It is high time we an immediateend to the例文It is high time that we urged an immediate end to this deplorable phenomenon. Our colleges and universities should be more willing to shoulder their responsibilities to students and their families. But too often, these responsibilities have been evaded. This we cannot afford.4．和词组有关的句型·a of大批的，许多的，大量的·one's viewpoint about sth. 对……发表观点·突然， 一直，始终， 一年到头，洗耳恭听·anything but 决不，决不是，除……以外什么都是例如：He is anything but a writer .他绝对不是一个作家。

常用连接词1.增补(Addition)in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally.2.比较(Comparison) in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as3.对照(Contrast) whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while4.因果(Cause and effect) because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), accordingly, hence, so, thus5.强调(Emphasis) certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important6.让步(Concession) although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification) for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.总结(Conclusion) to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary9.推断(Inference) therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise 10.时间和空间(Time and space) afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of 大家在使用这些词的时候要先弄清哪些是副词,哪些是连词.(副词不可以连接两个句子, 连词可以.)以下是按照另外一种角度来概括启承转合启 A proverb says...... At present....... As the proverb says.... Currently..... Generally speaking, .... Now,.... In general, ..... On the Whole.... It is clear that.... Recently..... It is often said that.... Without doubt, .......承First(of all), ...... Moreover, ......... Firstly, ............ No one can deny that.... In the first place, ......... Obviously..... To begin with, ......... Of course, ......... Also, ....... Similarly,......... At the same time...... Therefore, we should realize that..... Certainly...... There is no doubt that....... In addition,..... What’s more, .......... In fact........ It can be easily proved that... Meanwhile......转But... Still, ...... But the problem is not so simple... There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to....... However, ....... To our surprise,.......... Nevertheless, ........ Unfortunately....... On the other hand, ....... Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that........ Others may find this to be true, but I do not. I think.....合Above all, In brief, ........ Accordingly, ..... In conclusion, ........ All in all, ....... In other words, it is hard to escape the conclusion that........ As a consequence, ......... In short, ......... As I have shown/said/stated/.... In sum, ........ In summary, ....... As has been noted, .... Obviously, ......... By so doing, ..... On the whole, ..... Consequently, ........ Presumably, ....... Eventually, ......... To conclude, ...... Finally, ........ To sum up, ..... In a word, ...... To summarize, ........英语作文写作常用短语及句子1、常用与开头的短语、句式（1）with the （rapidly）growing popularity of （computers/private cars）in China，the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。

写作文常用的高级词语英语在撰写英语作文时，使用高级词汇可以提升文章的学术水平和表达的精确性。

以下是一些常用的高级英语词汇，以及它们在句子中的应用示例：1. Eloquent - 雄辩的，有口才的- *She delivered an eloquent speech that captivated the audience.*2. Discerning - 有辨识力的，挑剔的- *A discerning palate can distinguish the subtle flavors in this wine.*3. Inevitable - 不可避免的- *The rise in sea levels is an inevitable consequence of global warming.*4. Expedite - 加快，促进- *The new policy aims to expedite the process of economic recovery.*5. Plausible - 似乎合理的，貌似真实的- *While the story is plausible, it lacks concrete evidence to support it.*6. Conundrum - 难题，谜- *The paradox of the prisoner's dilemma remains a conundrum for many philosophers.*7. Aesthetic - 美学的，审美的- *The museum's collection is a testament to the aesthetic sensibilities of its curators.*8. Intrinsic - 固有的，内在的- *Curiosity is an intrinsic part of human nature.*9. Articulate - 表达清晰的- *He is an articulate speaker who can convey complex ideas with ease.*10. Ameliorate - 改善，减轻- *The new legislation is designed to ameliorate the conditions of the working class.*11. Catalyst - 催化剂，促进因素- *The invention of the internet has been a catalyst for global communication.*12. Discrepancy - 差异，矛盾- *There is a significant discrepancy between the two reports' findings.*13. Nuance - 细微差别- *Understanding the nuances of a foreign language takes time and practice.*14. Paradigm - 范例，典型- *The shift to renewable energy represents a new paradigm in power generation.*15. Substantiate - 证实，确证- *The researchers were able to substantiate their claims with extensive data.*使用这些高级词汇时，确保它们与你的文章内容和上下文相匹配，并且你完全理解它们的含义和用法。

英语写作常用词语1. in/ by contrast 对比之下2. unfortunately 不幸地3. though/ although 尽管4. even though 即使5. anyway 无论如何6. after all 毕竟7. all the same 依然; 照样8. in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上9. fortunately 幸运地10. however 然而11. in spite of 尽管; 虽然12. at the same time 同时; 然而13. otherwise 否则14. on the contrary 相反15. especially 尤其16. There are two sides to everything.事物有两面性。

有关“承”的连接词语, 用来承接上下文.1.by this time 此时2. at the same time 同时3. after a while 过了一会儿4. after a few days 几天以后5. second/ secondly 第二; 第二点6. in addition 另外7. besides/ what’s more 另外8. by the way 顺便提一句9. in other words 换句话说10. in particular/ particularly 特别地11. worse still 更糟的是11.in the same way 同样地12.obviously 明显地13. no doubt 无疑地14. for example/ for instance 例如15. therefore 因此16. indeed 的确17. unlike 不象…18. certainly 当然19. for another 其次20. still 仍然21.similarly 同样地英语作文中表因果的连接词therfore ，consequently ，because of，for the reason ，thus ，hence，due to，owing to，so accordingly，thanks to ，on this account（因此），since，as ，on that account（由于那个缘故），in this way（这样），for，as a result，as a consequence （因此，结果）有关“起”的连接词语, 用语开篇或引出扩展句. 1. at first/ in the beginning 起初2. at present 现在; 当今3. recently/ lately 最近4. first/ firstly/ first of all 第一5. generally speaking 一般地说6. on the whole 总的说来7. It is well understood that ……很好理解8. There goes a saying that …. 俗话说：9.for one thing…for another/ also 首先…其次10.presently 此刻; 现在11. to begin with/ to start with 首先; 第一12. in general 一般来说13. on the one hand…on the other hand 一方面…另一方面14. As the saying goes, 常言道，正如俗语所说常见题材词语1. 随着经济的繁荣with the booming of the economy2. 随着人民生活水平的提高with the improvement of people's living standard3. 先进的科学技术advanced science and technology4. 为我们日常生活增添了情趣add much spice / flavor to our daily life5. 人们普遍认为It is commonly believed that…6. 我同意前者(后者)观点I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.7. 引起了广泛的公众关注Sth. has aroused wide public concern. / Sth has drawn great public attention.8. 不可否认It is undeniable that…9. 热烈的讨论/ 争论a heated discussion / debate10. 有争议性的问题a controversial issue11. 就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally,12. 有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons13. 双方的论点argument on both sides14. 发挥日益重要作用play an increasingly important role in…15. 对…必不可少be indispensable to …16. 正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:17. 对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive / negative effects on…18. 利远远大于弊The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.19. 导致，引起lead to / give rise to / contribute to / result in20. 复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon21. 责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility / achievement22. 竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation23. 开阔眼界widen one's horizon / broaden one's vision24. 学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills25. 经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden26. 考虑到诸多因素take many factors into consideration27. 从另一个角度from another perspective28. 做出共同努力make joint efforts29. 对…有益be beneficial to / be conducive to…30. 为社会做贡献make contributions to the society31. 打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for…32. 综合素质comprehensive quality33. 致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…34. 应当承认Admittedly,35. 不可推卸的义务unshakable duty36. 满足需求satisfy / meet the needs of...37. 可靠的信息源a reliable source of information38. 宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources39. 因特网the Internet (一定要有冠词，字母I 大写)40. 方便快捷convenient and efficient41. 在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life42. 环保的材料environmentally friendly materials表示总结in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之generally speaking 一般说来in short=in a few words 简言之in conclusion=lastly 最后地on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从总体来看、大体上so 所以therefore 因此thus 这样as has been mentioned 正如所提到的it is quite clear that 很显然there is no doubt that 毫无疑问it is well-known that 大家都知道as we all know=as is knownto us all 大家都知道as/so far as I know 据我所知to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总之表示转折话题by the way 顺便说I am afraid 我恐怕in my opinion 依我看来to tell the truth 说实话to be honest 诚实地说in face 事实上表示递进或强调besides 况且what's more 更重要地是thus 这样above all 首先indeed 的确in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上in other words 换句话说in that case 那样的话or rather 更确切地说particularly 特别地表示转折：but 但是still 然而however 然而while 而表示因果：because 因为since 既然as 由于now that 既然therefore 因此thus 这样so 所以as a result (of) 结果because of=on account of 因为thanks to 多亏for this reason 由于这个原因if so 如果这样if not 如果不是这样表示目的for this purpose ，in order to do，so as to do，so that… in order that…表示让步though/although ，no matter+疑问句，in spite of ，whatever/however/whoever ，even if/ even though即使表示列举和时序first, second, third…finallyfirstly, secondly, thirdly…finallyfirst of all, next then, lastlyfor one thi ng…for another…at the same timeat first ，at last表示列举for example 例如：……namely 即……for instance 例如：……that is (to say) 也就是说such as 如……take…for example 拿……来说like 像……表示比较或对比like 像，unlike 不像，similarly 同样地in the same way 以相同的方式，compared to 与……相比，while 而still=nevertheless 然而，on the contrary 正相反，different from 与……不同on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面in contrast with 与……成对比表示增补：and 而且，both…and 不但……而且not only…but also 不但……而且，as well as 不但……而且also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且，in addition 并且apart from 除了……之外，what's more 而且、更重要的for another 另一方面，worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是including 包括注意以下过渡词的用法1、表示时间的af first 起初，next 接下来，then 然后，after that 那以后，later 后来，soon 不久soon/shortly after ……之后不久，finally 最后，in the end 最后，eventually 最终at last 终于，lately 近来，recently 最近，since then 自从那时起，after that 那以后in no time 不一会儿，after a while 一会儿，afterward 后来，to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点，immediately 立即、马上，meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时，earlier, until now 直到现在，suddenly=all of a sudden 突然as a young man 当……是个年轻人的时候，at the age of…在……岁的时候as early as 早……的时候，as soon as 一……就……，before, the other day 几天前early in the morning 大清早，after/before dark 天黑后/前，one day 有一天，one afternoon 一天下午，one morning 一天早晨English Proverbs英语谚语Every coin has two sides. 凡事都有两面（有利也有弊）The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。