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初中定语从句语法讲解初中定语从句是指在句子中用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
定语从句通常由关系代词（如who, whom, whose, which, that）或关系副词（如when, where, why）引导，它们在从句中充当名词的成分。
下面是对初中定语从句的语法讲解。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that引导的定语从句分别修饰人或物，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语的成分。
1. 关系代词who/whomwho用来指人，在定语从句中作主语；whom用来指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例句：- I have a friend who is a doctor.（我有一个朋友是医生。
）- The man whom we met yesterday is my father's friend.（我们昨天遇到的那个人是我爸爸的朋友。
）2. 关系代词whosewhose用来指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系。
例句：- This is the girl whose bag was stolen.（这是那个被偷包的女孩。
）- The house whose roof is red is mine.（那座屋顶是红色的房子是我的。
）3. 关系代词whichwhich用来指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
例句：- I bought a book which is very interesting.（我买了一本很有趣的书。
）- The pen which I lost was a gift from my friend.（我丢失的那支笔是我朋友送的礼物。
）4. 关系代词thatthat用来指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
that可以用来替代who, whom, which。
例句：- The girl that is wearing a red dress is my sister.（穿红裙子的那个女孩是我妹妹。
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版•定语从句基本概念•关系代词引导定语从句目录•关系副词引导定语从句•介词+关系词引导定语从句•特殊类型定语从句•定语从句在句子中成分和位置•总结回顾与拓展延伸01定语从句基本概念定义与作用定义定语从句是对名词或代词进行修饰、限定的从句，其作用是提供更多关于所修饰词的信息。
作用使句子表达更具体、生动，有助于读者或听者更准确地理解所表达的内容。
前置定语通常将定语从句放在被修饰词的前面，如“漂亮的花园”中，“漂亮的”就是前置定语。
将定语从句放在被修饰词的后面，用逗号隔开，如“花园，漂亮的”中，“漂亮的”就是后置定语。
对被修饰词进行必要的限定，使句子意思更明确，如“我喜欢那本红色的书”中，“红色的”就是限定性定语从句。
对被修饰词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响句子意思的完整性，如“我昨天买了本书，它是关于历史的”中，“它是关于历史的”就是非限定性定语从句。
后置定语限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句结构形式与其他从句区别与名词性从句区别名词性从句在句子中充当主语、宾语等成分，而定语从句则充当定语成分，修饰名词或代词。
与状语从句区别状语从句表达主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因等背景信息，而定语从句则对名词或代词进行修饰、限定。
与同位语从句区别同位语从句对前面的名词进行解释说明，两者处于同等地位；而定语从句则对前面的名词进行修饰、限定，处于从属地位。
02关系代词引导定语从句关系代词种类及用法关系代词种类常见的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等。
用法关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等，连接先行词和从句，起到桥梁作用。
限制性定语从句中关系代词省略情况省略条件在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。
示例The book (that) I borrowed from the library is veryinteresting. 我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
初中定语从句知识梳理一、定语从句的概念定语从句是由一个句子充当另一个句子的定语，用来修饰名词或代词。
定语从句在句中充当形容词，起到限定或补充说明修饰作用。
二、定语从句的引导词常用的定语从句引导词有：关系代词和关系副词。
1.关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which2.关系副词：where, when, why三、引导词的用法和区别1.关系代词的用法和区别：(1)that：1)作主语或宾语时，可以先行词是人也可以是物。
2)不能用于非限制性定语从句。
(2)who/whom：1)who作主语时，先行词必须是人。
2)whom作宾语时，先行词必须是人。
3)非限制性定语从句一般用who；宾语从句的引导词只能用whom。
(3)which：1)作主语或宾语时，先行词必须是物。
2)非限制性定语从句一般用which；宾语从句的引导词只能用which。
(4)whose：1)表示"……的"，用于人或物，用来修饰名词。
2)通常在定语从句中作用是轻微的。
2.关系副词的用法和区别：(1)where：在定语从句中修饰地点，相当于介词+ which。
(2)when：在定语从句中修饰时间，相当于介词+ which。
(3)why：在定语从句中修饰原因，相当于介词+ which。
四、定语从句的基本结构1.先行词+定语从句引导词+其他成分2.定语从句引导词+先行词+其他成分五、易错点以及注意事项1.区分定语从句和宾语从句：定语从句修饰名词或代词，而宾语从句作动词的宾语。
2.先行词的重复性：定语从句中一般不再重复先行词。
3.谓语动词的变化：定语从句中的谓语动词根据先行词的数和人称变化。
4.引导词的选择：根据先行词的不同特点，选择适当的引导词。
定语从句定语从句是一个重点语法项目，而且也是各种考试中考查的重点，要牢固掌握好关系代词和关系副词的基本用法及特殊用法，并且学会利用相关知识来作出判断，准确解答相关试题。
知识详单何为定语从句：在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
关系词：在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
知识点1关系词知识点2关系代词的用法知识点3关系副词的用法知识点4定语从句的注意事项考点突破考点1 考察关系代词的用法1.(哈尔滨中考)Everyone has his aim in life. However, you can't get fat on one mouthful. Start with the easiest thing______ you can controlA. whoB. thatC. which【解析】选B。
先行词thing是物，且由最高级修饰，关系代词用that,2.(绥化中考) The story book_________ you lent me is very interesting.A. whichB. itC. what【解析】选A。
先行词为The story book，指物，关系词which在从句中作lent的宾语。
故选A,3.(龙东中考)Shirley is the girl_______ taught me how to use We-chat(微信).A. whomB. whichC. who【解析】选C, the girl作先行词，表示人，关系词在从句中作主语，故关系代词用who,4.(咸宁中考)-Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国))?-Yeah! It's the most funny one__________ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where[解析]选A。
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解一、什么是定语从句？定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面，并对其进行进一步的说明或限制。
二、引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词主要有：that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- that用于修饰物，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- which用于修饰物，既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- who用于修饰人，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- whom用于修饰人，在非正式情况下，常省略为who，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- whose表示所属关系，修饰人或物；- when表示时间，在定语从句中用来引导时间状语从句；- where表示地点，在定语从句中用来引导地点状语从句。
三、定语从句的位置和用法定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾，用来修饰名词或代词。
它可以进一步说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。
以下是一些示例：1. The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl, who is wearing a red dress, is my sister.who is wearinga red dress, is my sister.那个穿红裙子的女孩是我的妹妹。
3. The city where I was born is very beautiful.where I was born is very beautiful.我出生的城市非常美丽。
4. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.whose father is a doctor.我有一个朋友，他的父亲是医生。
一、定语从句专题1：定语从句指修饰某一名词或代词的从句，被修饰的词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词有where,when.结构：先行词+ 引导词+ 定语从句eg: I like music (that/ which) I can dance to.I like singers (that/ who) write their own music.Do you know the boy whose father is a policeman?I dislike the girl whose hair is red.二．选择关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose填空1.A plane is a machine__________ can fly.2.Do you know the girl_________ is sing behind Jane.3.The songs___________ the Beatles sang were very popular.4.The boy______________ broke the window is called Bob.5.The girl______________ we met in the street is Bob”s sister.6.The woman___________ hair is curly and long is Bob’s mother.7.Is this the pen _____________ Jim is looking for?8.We love eating food__________ tastes good.9.The city_____________ we visited a few years ago has changed a lot.10.Is there anything______________ I can do to help you..三．将下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句1..He is reading a book. It’s about Beijing Opera.2.Those are the shoes. My mother bought them for me yesterday.3.Do you know the football player? He scored two goals in the last match.4.We hate those people. They talk much but do little.5.My sister doesn’t eat the food. It has chocolate in it.6.I got an email. My friend sent it to me.7.He is the boy. You wanted to find him.8.The man is waiting for you at the gate. His coat is black.9.I like the novels. They are written by D. Henery10.The girl is in hospital. She was hurt in the accident.11.The woman is wearing a hat. She is my mother.12.I like the dancer. She dances in a special way.四．选择填空1.What are your favorite songs?The songs _____________ were sung by S.H.E.A.ThatB. WhatC. When.D. Where2.Do you remember the woman_________gave you a hand when you were in trouble?Of course. I will remember her all the life.A. whatB.whomC. whichD. who3.I have become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year.A. whoB. whereC.whenD.which4.Have you found the information about the famous people_________ you can use for the report? Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.A.whoB.whatC.whomD.which5.Friends are those__________ make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who6.Is there a right music_________ I can dance to?Yes ,but I have to look for it.A.whoseB. thatC.whenD.where7.She is _________ in hospital. I have to look after the person.A.ill...sickB.sick...sickC.sick...illD.both A and B.8.How lucky. The police stopped the accident____________. .A.at times.B.in timeC.on timeD.by the time9.How is your grandma?She is fine. She used to____ TV at home after supper. But now she used to____ out for a walk.A.watch...goB.watching...goC.watching...goingD.watch...going10.There is________ with him. He will be all right soon.A.something seriousB.serious somethingC.nothing seriousD.serious nothing.11.They found many_________ leaves on the ground.A.dieB.deadC. deathD. dying12.Can we_________ a date for the next meeting?A.agree withB.agree toC.agree onD. Agree一．定语从句专题2。
定语从句的讲解「最全」定语从句的讲解「最全」一. 知识疏理：1. 定语从句2. 先行词3. 关系词的用法：包括关系代词与关系副词二. 专题讲解：一. 是定语从句?定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。
(修饰名词student。
) 80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
(修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。
)三. 先行词与关系词1. 什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
e.g: Don’t forget 别忘了我让你带的书。
(the book为先行词。
)2. 什么是关系词：引导定语从句的关联词为关系词，分为关系代词与关系副词。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose……关系副词有：where, when, why, ……e.g: I will never forget the days when I stayed in New York.注意：①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。
)This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。
)①常见的关系代词②常见的关系副词e.g: Our chemistry teacher is a man can make his class lovely and interesting.我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。
中考定语从句讲解定语从句请看下面的句子：（一）概念:定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
（二）定语从句的分类Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。
与先行词之间不用逗号。
e.g:This is the book that/which I want.Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。
从句一般用逗号同主句分开。
e.g:Mr. Green，who is watching TV，is my uncle.（三）(限定性)定语从句的结构Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which, who, whom,whose, that where, when, why（四）定语从句的实质：二句合一（合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）Mary is a girl.合并为一个句子She has long hair.定语从句四部曲：1、写：两句（主干+定语从句）2、找：相同部分——先行词3、换：关系词（人or物）4、连：主句+从句Mary is a girl。
Mary has long hair.——Mary is a girl who/that has long hair.请把下列句子二句合一1. I like the book.The book is on the desk.2.This is the man . The man helped me .3.The doctor is in the that room. I am looking for the doctor.（五）定语从句关系词的确定:(先行词决定关系词)● a.先行词的分类● b.先行词在从句中充当的成分1.先行词做主语人：who/that物：which/that2.先行词做宾语人：who/whom/that物：which/that3.先行词做定语人：whose物：whose/of which4.先行词做状语：w h e n,w h e r e,w h y●who /that作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.做题思路：先分解——分析——再合并The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.●Whom /that作定语从句的宾语The woman（whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.分解The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.解题时，首先要结合选项对题干进行整体感知，确定定语从句的位置;根据定语从句中所缺少的句子成分，分析先行词逻辑上在定语从句中的成分，继而选出正确的选项。
初中定语从句专题讲解一、定语的概念：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。
比如：(先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语)a beautiful girl （） a shoe factory （）Jim’s father ( )our teacher ( ) the man in the car （）the man standing at the door （）the man who is talking with Sam （）二、定语从句的概念及主要特征：1．定语从句：2. 定语从句的主要特征：三、定语从句的基本用法：关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who做主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。
在从句中所起作用如下：(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）Whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换，指人的时候也可以用of whom 代替）(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) color is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：(1) A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
（which / that在句中作主语）(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在句中作宾语）which指物在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.that指人时相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。
2. when引导定语从句表示时间［注］值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。
By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.3. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。
（一）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语，有时也作宾语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
分析：先行词the boys 在从句中作主语。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
You needn’t talk to the people who you don’t like talking to.分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.3. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 译成汉语：_________________________________ 分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
I lost the book whose cover was blue. 我把那本封面是蓝色的书弄丢了。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
We live in a house whose windows face the south. 译成汉语:_________________________注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.＝The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?＝Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?自己总结一下：在定语从句中，whose + 名词＝___________________________ 4．which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here.制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 译成汉语:____________________分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 译成汉语：___________________________ 分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
分析：先行词__________ 引导词在从句中作________。
5．that引导定语从句时，既可以指人，也可以指物。
指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
