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中国特色词汇翻译研究中文摘要中国特色词汇是中国英语研究中相当重要的一部分。
中国特色词汇是表达中国文化中的特有事物，其中蕴藏着中国千百年文化的内涵，当中国的文化传出中国走向世界的时候，这些中国特色词汇又是怎样不失原味的被翻译成外语从而被外国人所接受的呢？本文将以中国特色词汇翻译成英文为例，介绍了一些中国特色词汇的被译成英语的方法，它们分别是音译、直译、意译等，通过这些方法可使大家基本了解中国特色词汇在英语交际是怎样被转换并被使用的，逐渐融合进传统英语中的，以满足人们日常生活中用英语交流的需要。
除此之外，还将浅谈中国特色词汇所对应的特别的英文词汇出现的原因之一：中西文化差异造成的词汇空缺。
并对文化差异进行细分详细阐述。
还将提出一些关于中国特色词汇在英语国家传播的前景的看法。
关键词：中国特色词汇；文化差异；翻译Chinese Culture-loaded Words and TranslationAbstractChinese culture-loaded words are becoming increasingly important in the study of China English. Chinese culture-loaded words refer to the uniqueness of Chinese items, and of course, contain the connotation of Chinese culture. With the wide spread of Chinese culture to the world, how can they be understood and accepted by foreigners accurately in translation? The paper, by giving a good number of examples, introduces some methods of translating Chinese culture-loaded words, including transliteration, literal translation, free translation and so on. These methods help to understand how Chinese culture-loaded words are transformed into and used in English, and how they gradually integrate into the traditional English and satisfy the demand of communication in English. In addition, the paper is to expose in detail lexical gap caused by cultural differences between the East and the West. Furthermore, it also offers some views on the prospect of the spread of Chinese culture-loaded in English-speaking countries.Key words: Chinese culture-loaded words; culture differences; translation一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。
Here are some of the sample passages for C-E translation. Please have a close study of the sentence structures and word choices.Passage 1刺绣（embroidery）是中国的民间传统手艺之一，有超过两千年的历史。
刺绣就是用针线在织物上绣上（embroider）各种装饰的图案。
中国刺绣与养蚕业（sericulture）紧密相连，中国是世界上最早使用蚕丝的国家。
刺绣的用途主要包括生活和艺术装饰，如服装、床上用品（bedclothes）、台布和舞台装饰。
刺绣在国外也享有很高的声誉，是中国文化的杰出代表之一。
参考译文：Embroidery, one of the traditional folk arts and crafts in China, has a history of more than 2,000 years. It is made by embroidering various decorating patterns on fabrics with needle and thread. Chinese embroidery is closely connected with sericulture, as China is the first country in the world to use silk. Embroidery is mainly used in life and art decoration, such as clothes, bedclothes, table cloth and stage decoration. As one of the outstanding representatives of Chinese culture and art, embroidery enjoys a high reputation overseas.Passage 2七夕节(Qixi Festival)在农历七月初七庆祝，起源于汉代(the Han Dynasty)，是一个传统节日。
中国文化翻译_河南理工大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.What is《论语》translated as in English?答案:The Analects of Confucius2.What does “A married daughter is like split water” mean?答案:The daughter doesn’t belong to her family of origin.3.In China, when people move into a new house, they are likely to hold a________.答案:house-warming wine party4.Which one is the translation of “鱼香肉丝”?答案:Shredded pork with garlic sauce5.Which of the following has equivalent meaning to “a donkey in a lion’s hide”?答案:狐假虎威6.Avenue, Ring Road and Expressway mean_____, _____ ,____ respectively.答案:大道，环路，高速路7.Which one is the translation of “小寒”?答案:Slight Cold8.What is the English version of “糖醋鲤鱼” ?答案:sweet and sour carp9.In the sentence, “When the truck driver felt sleepy, he stopped by the side ofthe road to catch forty winks.”, the number “forty” shows ______ of numbers.答案:fuzziness10.In Chinese culture, what does “三伏” mean?答案:the hottest days in summer11. A well-known character in Lu Xun’s work “豆腐西施” is translated into“Beancurd Xi Shi (Xi Shi, a famous beauty in Chinese ancient times)”. What method is used? .答案:transliteration adding notes12.In Chinese philo sophy, “阴”refers to the __________ principle while “阳” refersto the _________ principle.答案:female, male13._____________ means to translate the source language text into target languageby following its literal meaning and structure.答案:Literal translation14.“昙花一现”can be translated into _____________________.答案:a flash in a pan15.“All roads lead to Rome.” When it is translated into“条条大路通罗马”, themethod used is ____________.答案:foreignization16.In Chinese, the moral of “狗” is generally ___________.答案:derogatory17.Who first found tea in China?答案:Shen Nong18.Which one is not “三书”？答案:Bribe letter19.In the solar term “惊蛰”, what does “蛰” mean?答案:Hiding20.“世外桃源” can be translated into the following versions except______.答案:heaven21.In a scenic spot, you meet a sign “前路段弯急路窄，请各位游客限速行驶，注意安全” with English version “The Road Segment Bent Nasty Road Ago Narrow, Asking Each Visito r Limits Soon, Drive, Notice a Safety.” Whatproblems does exist in this translation?答案:All the other three are right analysis.22.Which of the following idioms means “a weak part of someone’s character”?答案:Achilles’ Heel23.陇西二路in English should be ________.答案:Longxi Road (No.2)24.Which of the following Chinese idiom is not made up of two parts with thesame or similar meanings?答案:雪中送炭25.Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang(戴乃迭) translate 《红楼梦》as______.答案:A Dream of Red Mansions26.The Chinese verse “岐王宅里寻常见，崔九堂前几度闻” has been translatedas “How oft in princely mansions did we meet! As oft in lordly halls I heard you sing”, in which we can’t find“Prince Qi” and “Lord Cui” . So the vacant specific information need to be completed.答案:错误27.《论语》is translated as The Analects in English.答案:正确28.The idea of having "five tastes in harmony " reflects Chinese people's pursuitof flavor and their cuisine philosophy.答案:正确29.If “青梅竹马” is literally translated into “Green plums and a bamboohorse” , foreigners can understand its implication easily.答案:错误30."桃花“ in "桃花运“ and "人面桃花“ can be both literally translated into "peachblossom".答案:错误。
Culture Differences and TranslationAbstractInterlingual communication is actually intercultural communication, Language is part of the culture of a people and the chief way by which the members of a society communicate。
Basing on these points, this article gives examples to show the facts that there exists in translation semantic correspondence and semantic zero between different languages and different cultures. When we do translating we should try to make up semantic zero caused by the culture. 1. What is A Good TranslationTranslation is, in fact, a converting process. Theoretically, a good translation should give its reader the same conception as what a native reader gets from the original.Nida[1] remarked that how to determine a good translation is the response of the receptor to the translated message, and this message must then be compared with the way in which the original receptors presumably reacted to the message when it was given in its original setting.Jakobson[2]held the view that translation does not just mean the change of symbols into another language, but it is a process of information substitution. The task of a translator is to translate the information he receives into symbols which he will send out.Catford[3] explained that in translation there is no meaning equivalence, but just the signifier equivalence. Because of the differences between the original language and the target language, there exists the translation equivalence[4]limitedness. This limitedness is not only manifested in the meaning of words, grammatical features, but also manifested in cultural differences more seriously.2. Culture and LanguagePerhaps culture is one of the most difficult terms to define. Different people in accordance with their different specialt ies have given different definitions. Eshleman says “The term …culture‟ means different things to different people.” In the minds of many people, it is associated with such activities as attending the opera, listening to classical music and going to art museums. As used by sociologists and cultural anthropologists, however culture has a different meaning. To sociologists, a culture is a system of ideas, values, beliefs, knowledge, norms, customs and technology shared by almost everyone in a particular society. A culture is a societies system of common heritage and each of us has culture. We express our culture continuously in our dress, food, work, language and other activities. What Eshleman says gives a definition of culture. To put it simply, culture means the total way of life of a people.Language does not develop in empty space[1]. Language is a part of culture, perhaps best defined as “the totality of beliefs and practices of a society”. These beliefs may be further described as consisting of knowledge, patterns of reasoning, and sets of values. A language, therefore, is both a part of culture and a medium through which the other parts of culture are expressed[5]. This makes language the distinctive feature of human society, something in which immigration officials put more trust than in documentation. Papers can be readily falsified, but not accents. But language is also indispensable for the functioning of a culture and for transmitting it to succeeding generations. That is to say, language plays a very important role in culture. Without language, culture would not be possible. On the other hand, language is influenced and shaped by culture. Language can not exist without culture. Therefore, language and culture are inseparable.3. Culture and TranslationTranslation means intercultural communication by means of which one culture can be transmitted into another, so the cultural special characteristics unavoidably influence translation. The equivalence limitedness of the translation between the original language and the target language is almost caused by the differences between the two cultures and how to convey the cultural meaning is often the difficulty of a translation.Different languages are bound to adopt different meaningful devices to show their cultures in order to reflect their national consciousness and cultural tradition. The research of the cultural features embodies rich contents. According to the research of some scholars, the cultural features of language include:a. ecology,b. material culture,c. social culture,d. religious culture,e. linguistic culture. [6]Take English and Chinese for example: in Britain, the weather changes a lot, and so people have a special feeling for weather. “Lovely day, isn‟t it ?” becomes the most conven ient and safe greeting. In china, the problem of daily bread has been the subject people have been concerned with. In Western culture, there are many Gods, such as Jesus, Apollo, Jupiter, while in China, we have “盘古”, “嫦娥”, “牛郎”, etc. English people would say “as poor as a church mouse” , but in Chinese we have “穷的像叫化子”。
中国文化英语教程翻译Chinese Culture English Course TranslationIntroduction:Chinese culture is one of the oldest and richest cultures in the world, with a history of over 5,000 years. It includes a diverse range of traditions and customs that have evolved throughout the years. The aim of this course is to provide a brief overview of Chinese culture, including its history, language, cuisine, arts, and customs.History:Language:Chinese language is the most widely spoken language in the world, with over 1.2 billion speakers in both China and abroad. The Chinese language is a tonal language, with each syllable having a tone that gives meaning to the word. Chinese characters are abstract and difficult to learn, but they are essential to understanding Chinese culture.Cuisine:Chinese cuisine is renowned for its variety and delicious flavors. Chinese food is bold, flavorful, and diverse with eight main regional culinary traditions including Cantonese, Sichuan, Hunan, Shandong, Fujian, Huaiyang, Zhejiang, and Anhui cuisine.Chinese cuisine is often characterized by its use of herbs and spices, soy sauce, and vegetables.Arts:Chinese arts are diverse, including traditional painting, calligraphy, sculpture, and architecture. Chinese painting often depicts landscapes, flowers and birds, and mythical creatures. Calligraphy is considered the highest art form in China, with the structure and beauty of the characters praised over the content. Traditional Chinese architecture is characterized byits intricate detailing, including roofs with curved edges and dragon patterns.Customs:Conclusion:Overall, Chinese culture boasts a rich history, language, cuisine, arts, and customs. This course has provided an overview of some of these aspects, but there is still much to learn about this fascinating culture.。
中文摘要特色词汇是中国研究中相当重要的一局部。
中国特色词汇是表达中国文化中的特有事物，其中蕴藏着中国千百年文化的内涵，当中国的文化传出中国走向世界的时候，这些中国特色词汇又是怎样不失原味的被翻译成外语从而被外国人所承受的呢？本文将以中国特色词汇翻译成为例，介绍了一些中国特色词汇的被译成英语的方法，它们分别是音译、直译、意译等，通过这些方法可使大家根本了解中国特色词汇在英语交际是怎样被转换并被使用的，逐渐融合进传统英语中的，以满足人们日常生活中用英语交流的需要。
除此之外，还将浅谈中国特色词汇所对应的特别的英文词汇出现的原因之一：中西文化差异造成的词汇空缺。
并对文化差异进展细分详细阐述。
还将提出一些关于中国特色词汇在英语国家传播的前景的看法。
关键词：中国特色词汇；文化差异；翻译AbstractChineseculture-loadedwordsarebecomingincreasinglyimportantinthestudyofChinaEnglish.Chin eseculture-loadedwordsrefertotheuniquenessofChineseitems,andofcourse,containtheconn otationofChineseculture.WiththewidespreadofChineseculturetotheworld,howc antheybeunderstoodandacceptedbyforeignersaccuratelyintranslation?Thepaper,bygivingagoodnumberofexamples,introducessomemethodsoftranslatingChineseculture-loadedwords,includingtransliteration,literaltranslation,freetranslationandsoon.ThesemethodshelptounderstandhowChineseculture-loadedwordsaretransformedintoandusedinEnglish,andhowtheygraduallyintegrateintothetra ditionalEnglishandsatisfythedemandofcommunicationinEnglish.Inaddition,thepaperistoexposeindetaillexicalgapcausedbyculturaldifferencesb etweentheEastandtheWest.Furthermore,it alsoofferssomeviewsontheprospectofthespreadofChineseculture-loadedinEnglish-speakingcountries.Keywords:Chineseculture-loadedwords;culturedifferences;translation一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开场就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开场了在中国的过程。
