初中助动词
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初中常用动词用法在初中英语学习中,动词的用法至关重要。
掌握常用动词的用法,对于提高英语语言能力有着举足轻重的作用。
接下来,让我们一起深入探讨一下初中常用动词的用法。
一、be 动词be 动词包括 am、is、are,其用法较为基础却又十分重要。
当主语是第一人称 I 时,用 am。
例如:“I am a student”(我是一名学生。
)当主语是第三人称单数(he、she、it 或单个的人或物)时,用 is。
比如:“He is my friend”(他是我的朋友。
)“The book is interesting”(这本书很有趣。
)当主语是第二人称 you 或者复数名词(we、they 或两个及以上的人或物)时,用 are。
例如:“You are very kind”(你很友善。
)“They are my classmates”(他们是我的同学。
)二、实义动词实义动词是表示具体动作或状态的动词,比如:run(跑)、eat (吃)、sleep(睡觉)等。
1、及物动词与不及物动词及物动词后面可以直接跟宾语,表达完整的意思。
例如:“I read a book”(我读一本书。
)“read”就是及物动词,“book”是宾语。
不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语,如果要接宾语,需要加上相应的介词。
比如:“He arrived at the station”(他到达了车站。
)“arrive”是不及物动词,“at the station”是地点状语。
2、动词的时态一般现在时:表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
主语是第三人称单数时,动词要进行相应的变化,一般在动词末尾加 s 或 es。
例如:“She studies hard”(她学习努力。
)现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作,结构是“be +动词的现在分词”。
例如:“They are playing football”(他们正在踢足球。
)一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作,动词要用过去式。
初三英语中考语法考点重难点详解(35)助动词have,has,had,having知识点总结整理今天我们说说have 作为助动词的用法,前面我们说过,理解助动词重在明白一个“助”字,即帮助后面的主动词,完成“时和数”的概念表达。
have 作为助动词用,仅用于完成时中,have 的变化:单三的情况---has;非单三情况---have;过去式---had。
have 、has 用于现在完成时,had 用于过去完成时,后面都跟过去分词。
1. 在现在完成时中,谓语动词的完整形式是“ have/has + 过去分词”,如果主语不是单三的,就用have:Have you had any coffee yet? 你喝点咖啡没有?I have had some coffee. 我已经喝了一些咖啡。
以上两句中,都是用have 帮助后面的had(喝),与had一起构成完整的“现在完成时的谓语动词”。
2. 如果主语是单三的,就会用has 来帮忙,以反映主语的“单三”属性。
He has finished already. 他已经完成了。
Has your father come back yet? 你爸爸已经回来了吗?3. 上面是现在完成时的例子,关于现在完成时,我们会在随后的时态讲解中展开。
下面看看had ---过去完成时的助动词。
过去完成时的用法,大家可以简单地理解为“过去的过去”,在过去完成时中,完整的谓语结构“had + 过去分词”:When I entered the classroom, I found thatthey had mopped the floor carefully. 当我走进教室,发现他们已经把地板仔细地拖过了。
这里的had 就是后面mopped 的助动词,以帮助mopped表明“过去”的时间概念。
在过去完成时中,不区分单复数。
4. 另外,还有一个having,稍微复杂一点,先看例句:Having done all this, he rested. 做完了这些,他歇息了。
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?(构成疑定句)He is studying English.他正在学英语。
(表示时态)A building was built beside the school.学校旁边建了一座大楼。
(表示语态)Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定要来参加聚会。
(加强语气)英语中的助动词主要有:do,does,did;be;have,has,had,will,would,shall,should等。
1.助动词 do,does,did的7种用法(1)do,does,did用来构成一般疑问句do,does用于一般现在时态,did用于一般过去时态;do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中,does只用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中。
如:Do you want to have a try?你想要试一试吗?Does she have any good idea?她有好主意吗?Did you study German?你们学德语了吗?(2)do,does,did+not 构成否定句do,does用于一般现在时态,did用于一般过去时态;do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中,does只用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中。
如:I do not want to go there now.我现在不想去那里。
He doesn't like playing the guitar.他不喜欢弹吉他。
In the past,many students did not know the importance of English.过去,许多学生不知道英语的重要性。
注意:①do not可以缩写为don't;does not可缩写为doesn't;did not可缩写为didn't。
②助动词do,does,did后要用动词原形。
初中英语语法:动词种类篇初中英语语法:动词种类篇动词的种类动词是表示动作或状态的词,按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词,连系动词,助动词和情态动词。
1.行为动词行为动词可分为及物动词 (vt)和不及物动词(vi),及物动词表示动作或状态,有完好的词义,能单独作谓语,后跟宾语;不及物动词表示动作或状态,有完好的词义,能单独作谓语,但后面不能直接跟宾语,如要带宾语那么与介词或副词构成短语。
如:More and more people study English.(vt)The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)2.连系动词连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。
常用的'连系动词有 be, get, turn, bee, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。
如:Our country is being stronger and stronger.It feels d.3.助动词助动词本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示否认,疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征,助动词有 be,do,have,shall,will等。
如:How do you usually e to school?The children are playing yo-yo now.4.情态动词情态动词本身有一定的意义,但不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气和情态。
情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词有 can(could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。
如:Can I help you?- Must we go now? -No, you needn't .a. can与be able to的用法有所区别。
初中英语助动词练习题初中英语助动词练习题英语学习中,助动词是一个重要的语法知识点。
它在句子中起到辅助动词的作用,帮助我们表达时态、语气、否定和疑问等。
掌握助动词的用法对于提高英语水平非常重要。
下面是一些初中英语助动词练习题,通过练习这些题目,我们可以更好地理解和运用助动词。
练习一:根据句意选择合适的助动词填空。
1. I ________ play basketball every weekend. (do/does/did)2. She ________ like to eat pizza. (do/does/did)3. ________ you go to the party last night? (do/does/did)4. They ________ have any pets. (do/does/did)5. ________ your parents speak English? (do/does/did)练习二:根据句子的时态,选择合适的助动词填空。
1. He ________ going to the park tomorrow. (is/am/are)2. We ________ watching a movie right now. (is/am/are)3. They ________ studying for the exam last night. (is/am/are)4. I ________ playing soccer yesterday. (is/am/are)5. She ________ cooking dinner at the moment. (is/am/are)练习三:根据句意,选择合适的助动词填空。
1. We ________ going to the beach this weekend. (will/would/can)2. He ________ help you with your homework. (will/would/can)3. They ________ come to the party if they have time. (will/would/can)4. She ________ like to visit China someday. (will/would/can)5. I ________ be there on time. (will/would/can)练习四:根据句意,选择合适的助动词填空。
中考英语动词考点分类讲解练习动词是表示动作或状态的词。
动词在句子中充当谓语,用来说明主语是什么或做什么。
一、实义动词实义动词按照其后是否能跟宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1.及物动词及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词。
如love,need,want,have,teach,make等。
I love my mother.我爱我的母亲。
2.不及物动词(1)不及物动词本身意义完整,其后不必跟宾语。
如come,go,run,travel,listen,swim,live,work等。
The man works hard.这个人工作努力。
(2)如果需要带宾语,则不及物动词需要跟适当的介词连用。
Look at the blackboard.看黑板。
3.短语动词l 动词+介词look after照看look for寻找l 动词+副词put up 建立;举起turn on打开l 动词+副词+介词catch up with 赶上do away with 废除l 动词+名词+介词take care of照料;照顾pay attention to注意make use of利用l 动词+名词lose heart失去信心take place 发生【提醒】“动词+副词”形式的短语动词可用作及物或不及物动词。
如果作及物动词,若宾语是名词,可以放在副词之后,也可以放在动词与副词之间。
如果宾语是代词,则必须放在动词与副词之间。
【即学即练】1.—What’s wrong with Simon? He isn’t at school today.—His legs hurt. He was by a motorcycle this morning.A.treatedB.hitC.operatedD.cured2.While traveling in a strange place, you’d better the local people and follow their customs(习俗).A.watchB.changeC.controlD.teach1答案:B2答案:A二、系动词系动词不能单独作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。
初中英语语法学习之常考助动词用法分析(二)will的用法:1)用于将来时态(各种人称后都可以用):I’ll give you a definite answer tomorrow. 明天我将给你个明确回答。
We will never again be separated. 我们再也不会被分开。
Will you be taking your leave in South Africa? 你准备在南非度假吗?By this time next year she will have taken her university degree. 明年这时她将已获得大学学位。
It looks as if he won’t be in time for the train. 看来他好像赶不上火车了。
2)用于疑问句表示请求:Will you tell her that I’m Mrs. Pater? 你可否告诉她我是佩特夫人?Will you have a little soup? 你要不要喝点汤?Bring me the paper, will you? 把报纸拿给我好吗?Will you please sit down, everybody? 请大家坐好。
Won’t you take off your overcoat? 你要不要把大衣脱掉?3)用于各个人称,表示:a. 愿意,肯:I will have nothing to do with this matter. 我不愿和这事扯上关系。
I meant to reason with you, but you won’t reason. 我是想和你讲道理,但你不听劝。
She won’t so much as look at David. 她连看大卫一眼都不肯。
Go where you will. 你想去哪里就去哪里。
If you will allow me, I will see you home. 如你允许,我愿意送你回家。
初中英语be动词与助动词用法在初中英语的学习中,be 动词和助动词是非常重要的语法知识点。
掌握好它们的用法,对于正确理解和运用英语句子至关重要。
首先,我们来了解一下 be 动词。
Be 动词包括 am、is、are 三种形式。
am 用于第一人称单数 I 之后,例如:I am a student(我是一名学生。
)is 用于第三人称单数,比如:He is a doctor(他是一位医生。
)She is very kind(她非常善良。
)It is a dog(它是一只狗。
)而 are 则用于第二人称 you 以及复数主语之后,像:You are my friend(你是我的朋友。
)We are happy(我们很开心。
)They are workers(他们是工人。
)be 动词在不同的时态中会有相应的变化。
在一般现在时中,就是我们刚刚提到的 am、is、are 这三种形式。
在一般过去时中,be 动词则变成了 was 和 were。
was 用于第一人称单数 I 和第三人称单数,而 were 用于第二人称 you 以及复数。
例如:I was at home yesterday(昨天我在家。
)They were late for school(他们上学迟到了。
)除了表示“是”的意思,be 动词还有其他的用法。
它可以用来构成进行时态。
现在进行时的构成是“be 动词+动词的现在分词”,表示正在进行的动作。
比如:I am reading a book(我正在读一本书。
)He is playing football(他正在踢足球。
)They are watching TV(他们正在看电视。
)过去进行时的构成是“was/were +动词的现在分词”,例如:I was doing my homework at this time yesterday(昨天这个时候我正在做作业。
)They were having a party last night(昨晚他们正在举办聚会。
一、助动词的种类英语中常见的助动词有be, have, do, can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would 等。
这些助动词有时用作情态动词,有时用作实义动词。
1. 情态动词:可以表示说话人对事件发生可能性、必然性、愿望、承诺等态度。
2. 实义动词:具有实际的动作意义。
二、助动词的用法1. 表示时态助动词在构成英语时态时发挥着关键的作用。
例如,在现在完成时的句子中,主要动词前必须使用助动词have。
在进行时的句子中,必须使用助动词be。
在一般过去时的句子中,必须使用助动词did等。
2. 表示语气助动词还可以表示不同的语气,如愿望、条件、命令等。
例如,在表达愿望时可以使用助动词would;在表示条件时可以使用助动词must;在表达命令时可以使用助动词shall等。
3. 表示否定和疑问助动词还可以帮助构成否定句和疑问句。
在否定句中,助动词与not连用;在疑问句中,助动词通常出现在句子的最前面。
三、助动词在句子中的位置助动词在句子中的位置通常是在谓语动词之前。
在构成否定句和疑问句时,助动词的位置会发生调整。
在一般陈述句中,助动词位于主要动词之前,而在否定句和疑问句中,助动词会移动到句首位置。
四、助动词在固定搭配中的应用助动词在英语中还有很多固定搭配。
例如,can't help doing sth.表示情不自禁做某事;have to do sth.表示不得不做某事等。
五、助动词的练习技巧1. 在练习助动词时,可以通过多做句子转换、口语练习等方式加深对助动词的理解和运用。
2. 注意语境,学会灵活应用不同的助动词,避免死记硬背,提高语言表达的灵活性和准确性。
1. 助动词分辨错误:有些助动词在用法上非常相似,容易引起混淆,如can和may,在表示许可时很容易混淆。
2. 助动词位置错误:助动词的位置在句子中要正确,否则会影响句子的语法和意义。
常见的助动词有:be(无词义),do(无词义),have(无词义),shall 将要,will 将要。
一、be 的助动词用法be 作为助动词,用来构成进行时态和被动语态。
如:We are working hard in the garden.(构成现在进行时)我们在花园里辛勤劳动。
The house was painted purple.(构成被动语态)房子被刷成紫色的。
二、do 的助动词用法do 作为助动词,用来构成疑问句、否定句、强调句。
如:Do you live in Shanghai?(构成疑问句)你住在上海吗?I don't like to have hamburgers.(构成否定句)我不喜欢吃汉堡包。
Do come please.(构成强调句)一定要来。
三、have 的助动词用法have 作为助动词,用来构成完成时态。
如:Have you finished the work?(构成现在完成时)你的工作完成了没有?四、shall 和will 的助动词用法shall 和will 作为助动词,用来构成将来时态。
如:I will call you this evening.(构成一般将来时)今晚我会打电话给你。
What shall we do next week?下个星期我们做什么?初一英语助动词练习助动词一单选题(本题共25小题,共计100分)1:She ________ to see documentaries(记录片).A、do wantB、 don't wantC、doesn't wantD、not want2:Look at that picture on the wall. __________ you like it?A、DoB、CanC、CouldD、Are3:He ________ like pears.A、 doB、isC、doesn'tD、not4:—Do you often go to the cinema______ Sunday?—No, we__________.A、on, don'tB、on, aren'tC、in, doD、in, don't5:-Can you see a light on the table?-Yes, ________.A、I amB、I’m notC、I canD、He isn’t6:—Does the boy want to be an actor? —________.A、 Yes, he isB、No, he doesC、Yes, he doesD、No, he isn't7:_________ he have any apples ?A、DoB、DoesC、IsD、Are8:She ______ want to be a policewoman, because she thinks it’s kind of dangerous.A、 isn’tB、aren’tC、don’tD、doesn’t9:Why____he have brown hair?A、 doB、doesC、isD、has10:What time__________ he get home every day?A、isB、doesC、doD、am11:What________ you see in the picture?A、isB、areC、canD、have12:Jack_______ like flying kites______ throwing a frisby.A、don't, orB、doesn't, andC、 don't, andD、doesn't, or 13:A:________ Jim ________ a ball?B:No, he________.A、Do, have, don'tB、Does, has, doesn'tC、Is, have, isn't D、Does, have, doesn't14:I ________ have a watch.A、 am notB、doesC、don'tD、doesn't15:____you____a good time on your vacation?A、Did; haveB、Did; hadC、Were; haveD、Were; had 16:Simon likes _____ football, but he doesn’t _____ it well.A、 play, playsB、to play, playsC、plays, playingD、playing, play17:She____have to wash the dishes now.A、don'tB、notC、doesn'tD、can't18:—________Colin ________ Chinese history? —Yes, he does. A、Do; like B、Does; likes C、Do; likes D、Does; like 19:Li Lei ______ lunch at home.A、hasn’tB、haven’tC、don’t haveD、doesn’t have20:-Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick? -John___.A、cleanedB、doesC、didD、is21:__________ you usually come to school by bike?A、Don'tB、Doesn'tC、Aren'tD、Isn't22:-Where______lions come from? -I think they come from Africa.A、areB、isC、doesD、do23:__________ we have any eggs?A、Aren'tB、Don'tC、Can'tD、Mustn't24:____you on your vacation yesterday?A、AreB、WereC、WasD、Did25:-Who____dinner last night? -My mother____.A、cooked; didB、did; cookedC、did; didD、cooked; cooked答案:1、C2、A3、C4、A5、C6、C7、B8、D9、B 10、B11、C 12、D 13、D 14 、C 15、A 16、D 17、C 18、D 19、D 20、复习be助动词和do 助动词一.用is , am, are , do , does , 来填空1.He _____ from a small town in North China.2.They ____ kind to us .3.I _____ interested in playing football.4._____ you like swimming ?5._____ he go to school by bus every day?6.______ they do their homework every day?7._____ Tom good at maths?8.____ Sam and Tim like climbing trees?9._____ She busying doing her homework?10.We _____ all middle school students.二.用like 和likes 填空1.I _____ collecting stamps.2.He _____ flying kites on sunny days.3.They ______ running and jumping.4.Jack ____ riding bicycles on summer days. 三.把下列句子变成疑问句,并作肯定和否定的回答1.He is the tallest students in our class.2.They are running on the playground.3.She can sing and dance.4.They must get up early.5.He may come here by train.四.把下列句子变成疑问句,并作肯定和否定的回答1. They speak English every day.2. He speaks English every day.3. The have a large room.4. He has a large room.五.区分下列哪些是主系表结构,那些是主谓宾结构1. We are Chinese.2. We study hard.3. He is a good friend of my father.4. He likes playing basketball.5. They do well in drawing pictures.六.用is, am, are, was , were, do, does , did 填空1. He ____ my Chinese teacher.2. They _____ from Canada.3. I _____ taller than my sister.4. She ____ a nurse five years ago.5. They _____ very short ten years ago.6. I ____ six years old eight years ago.7. _____ they help you with your work?8. _______ he go to the cinema on Sundays?9. ______ they give you some useful books?10. ______ he visit the school yesterday?七.汉译英1. 英语是我最喜欢的科目。
第十四章助动词和情态动词思维导图知识梳理一、助动词(一)概说助动词不能单独作谓语,本身没有词义,也不表示动作,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其他语法关系.助动词的分类及其变化形式:(二)助动词的用法1.助动词be有八种形式(1)与现在分词构成各种进行时态以及与have和现在分词构成完成进行时态.You are working hard today.你们今天干得很努力.Is Su Ming working this week?本周苏明上班了吗?What have you been doing these days?这几天来你在干什么?(2)与过去分词构成被动语态.A new computer has been bought by the office.办公室已购买了一台新电脑.He was been invited to teach at a university there.他被邀请在那儿的一所大学任教.Such books are written for children.这种书是为儿童写的.(3)与形容词、名词、代词、从句等构成“系+表”结构.My job is very interesting and I like it very much. But sometimes it's boring.我的工作很有趣,我非常喜欢它,可有时候也令人烦.(4)与动词不定式构成谓语.The new text seems to be easy, but actually, it is rather difficult.这篇新课文好像很容易,其实相当难. These books are not to be taken out of the room.这些书不得带出室外.2.助动词have有五种形式(1)与过去分词构成各种完成时.We've known each other since 1987.我们从1987年起就互相熟悉了.He's been to Shanghai.他去过上海.We have not seen each other since I left Beijing.自从我离开北京,我们就没见过面.By the end of last month, we had studied English for two years.到上月底,我们已经学习了两年英语了.(2)和动词不定式连用构成谓语,表示因客观环境促使不得不做的事.The bus has left, and if we want to catch the train, we'll have to take a taxi.公交车开走了,假如想赶上那趟火车,我们不得不打的.点拨have还可用作实义动词,表示“有”“吃”等含义.Would you like to have some beer?你想喝点啤酒吗?We're having breakfast.我们正在吃早饭.3.助动词do有三种形式(1)构成一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句.Do you know what they are talking about?你知道他们在谈论什么吗?What question did he ask you?他问你什么问题?(2)构成一般现在时和一般过去时的否定句.He doesn't want to go there, neither do they. 他不想去那儿,他们也不想.He didn't come to school last Monday.上星期一他没来上学.(3)代替前面刚出现的动词,以避免重复.-Do you learn English?你学习英语吗?-Yes, I do.是的,我学习英语.This material looks nice. So does that one.这料子看来很好.那种也很好.(4)用于加强语气,表示强调(多用于肯定式中).Do come and join us.一定要来参加我们的活动.I do think you are right.我的确认为你是对的.I do like you.我真的喜欢你.点拨do还可用作实义动词,表示“做、干”等含义.(1)They went out to do some shopping.他们外出买东西去了.(2)Would you please do me a favour?你愿帮我一个忙吗?4.助动词shall(过去式should)和will(过去式would)有下列几种形式(1)“shall/will+动词原形”,构成一般将来时,表示将来意义.shall用于单复数第一人称,will可用于所有人称.在今日英语中,shall常被will替代.Will you close the door, please?请关上门好吗?Shall I open the door? It's stuffy in the room.我打开门好吗?房间里很闷.When will Mike arrive here tomorrow?迈克明天什么时候到达这里?He will arrive here at three o'clock tomorrow.他明天三点钟到达这里.(2)“should/would+动词原形”,构成过去将来时.should作为“shall”的过去形式,用于单复数第一人称;would 作为“will”的过去式,可用于各人称.They said that they would finish it soon.他们说很快就要做完了.Did you ask Kate when they would return?你问没问凯特他们什么时候返回来?点拔will可表示某种倾向或习惯性动作The door won't shut.门关不上.Fish will die out of water.鱼离开水不能活.二、情态动词(一)概说情态动词表示说话人的语气和观点.情态动词有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,它必须和表示动作或状态的不带to的不定式(ought除外)连用,构成复合谓语.情态动词只有情态意义,即它表示说话人对动作的观点,如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等.情态动词主要有:can(could),may(might),must, ought to, need, dare(dared), have to(had to).此外shall, will, should, would在一定场合下也可用作情态动词.(二)情态动词具有以下特征1.在形式上,情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化,只有could, would, had to, might, should等几个过去式.其他如must, ought to等的过去式皆与现在式同形,且在各种人称后都用同样的形式2.在意义上,大多数情态动词有多个意义.如can可表示“能够”“可能”“允许”等,may可表示“可能”“允许”“目的”“让步”等3.在用法上,情态动词(除ought跟不定式外)与助动词一样,须后接动词原形,而构成谓语动词(三)情态动词的用法1.can的用法(1)表示能力“会、能”等.The hall can hold at least 2000 people.这个大厅至少能容纳2000人.Can you drive a car?你会开车吗?点拨(1)can和be able to都可表示“能力”,意思上相同.但can只有现在式和过去式(could)两种形式,如需用其他时态,用be able to代替.He can still be alive.他可能还活着.He can't be poor.他不可能贫穷.He has not been able to finish the work in time.他没能及时完成工作.I'll be able to see you tomorrow,我明天将能去看你.(2)如果我们要表示一个动作成功地完成了,那么必须使用was able to,而不能用could.He was able to leave Europe before the war began.他设法在战前离开了欧洲.He was able to go to Paris yesterday and he enjoyed himself very much.他昨天设法去了巴黎,而且他玩得非常高兴.(3)在否定句中could与be able to两者意思一样.I could nor swim to the other side of the river.I wasn't able to swim to the other side of the river.我没能游到河的对岸去.(4)can/could不应与be able to同时使用.(2)表示“建议”或“请求”,可用can I...或can you...等结构,语气比较客气.Can I go swimming today, please, Mum?妈妈,我今天可以去游泳吗?Can I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车用一下吗?(3)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度(主要用于否定句和疑问句).No, no, this can't be true.不,不,这不可能是真的.How can you be so careless?你怎么能这样粗心呢?(4)表示“允许”或“请求允许”,其意思相当于may(可以),但can比may用得更广泛,can不仅表示说话人同意、允许,还可表示客观条件的许可.may通常表示说话人的许可.No one can smoke in the office.在办公室里任何人都不能吸烟.That sort of thing can't go on like this.那样的事不能再这样继续下去.2.could的用法(1)could是can的过去式,表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性.He couldn't go that day.那天他不可能去.(可能性)I could drive a car before I left school.毕业前我就会开车了.(能力)(2)用于现在时和将来时,代替can;表示更为客气、婉转地提出请求或陈述看法,有时则表示可能性不大.Could you tell me where I can change some money?你能告诉我在哪儿能换钱吗?Could you sign here please, Sir?先生,请在这儿签字好吗?3.may的用法(1)表示客气或委婉的请求时用may,回答时也用may就会显得冷淡、不客气,所以最好避之而改用热情、客气的答语.-May I come in?我可以进来吗?-Yes, please.可以,请进.-May I borrow your bicycle?我可以借用一下你的自行车吗?-Certainly.当然可以.(2)表示“可以”即表示说话人同意、许可,或在疑问句中,征询对方的许可.其否定式可用may not.但在表示“不可以”“不许”“禁止”“阻止”等意思时,常用must not(mustn't)代替may not.-May I take this book out of the reading-room?这本书我可以带出阅览室吗?-No, you mustn't.不可以.(3)表示可能.用来表示一件事或许会发生,或是某种情况可能会存在.通常只用于肯定或否定陈述句中,而不用于疑问句中.It may rain today.今天可能下雨.You may have another cake.你可以再吃一块蛋糕.She may not go to the concert tonight.今晚她可能不去听音乐会了.(4)表示祝愿.May you succeed!祝你成功!May all your dreams come true!愿你的理想都成为现实!4.might的用法(1)作为may的过去式,用来表示过去的“可能”和“允许”,多用于间接引语.He said that the news might be true.他说这消息可能是真的.She asked if she might have my bike.她问是否可以借用我的自行车.(2)代替may,表示可以做的事或可能发生的事.也可用于有礼貌地提出建议或请求,意为“可以”,在这种情况下,may和might无时间上的差别,只是更客气或更婉转些.They might have a lot of work to do.他们可能有很多事要做.Might I have a word with you?我可以同你说句话吗?5.must的用法(1)表示“必须”“应当”.用第一人称时,表示说话人认为有义务、有必要做某事.用第二、三人称时,表示说话人命令或要求别人做某事;在疑问句中,表示询问对方的意图.We must love our country.我们要爱国.I must take a day off tomorrow.我明天必须请假一天.Soldiers must obey orders.士兵必须服从命令.(2)must的否定式(mustn't)表示“不应该”“不许可”“不准”“禁止”等,语气比较强烈.You mustn't speak loudly in the library.不许在图书馆大声喧哗.We mustn't waste our time.我们不应该浪费我们的时间.点拨对must问句的否定回答,需要用;need not(needn't)不需要,或don't have to不必.-Must I do my homework now?我现在必须做作业吗?-Yes, you must.是的,你非做不可.-No, you needn't(need not)./don't have to.不,你不必现在做.(3)表示肯定的揣测(只用于肯定句):一定、准是、必定.The lady must be a doctor.那个女人一定是个医生.He hasn't come yet. He must be ill.他还没来,准是病了.Miss Gao must be in the office.高老师一定在办公室里.This must be Wang Hai's book.这一定是王海的书.点拨(1)表示现在对已发生过的事情的推测,一般用“must+have+过去分词”结构,意思是“想必是”“(过去)一定”.If you were at the party, you must have seen Mary.你如果参加了这次聚会,准保看见了玛丽.(2)表示对现在某个动作或即将发生的事情的推测,可以用“must be+ -in g”结构,意思是“一定”“准是”.You must be joking!你一定是在开玩笑!6.have to的用法(1)表示“不得不”“必须”的意思,与must在这个意思上很接近.must强调说话者的主观看法,意为“必须”;have to强调客观的需要,意为“不得不”.I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.我误了火车,所以我得乘出租车.must仅用于表示现在和将来的义务,讲述过去,要用had to.I had to leave early because I wasn't feeling well.我不得不早点儿离开,因为我觉得不舒服.(2)have to也可用来表示“推测”,意思是“定是”“必定是”.She has to be(=must be) sick. She looks pale.她一定是生病了,脸色看来很苍白.点拨在口语中,可用have got to代替have to.Sorry I have got to go (=have to go) now.抱歉,我现在非走不可了.7.need的用法(1)need表示“需要”“必须”.作为情态动词主要用于否定句和疑问句,无时态、人称变化,后面跟动词原形.其否定式为:need not(needn't).You needn't try to explain.你不需要解释.She needn't come tomorrow.她明天不必来.点拨needn't后面跟“have+过去分词”结构,表示“过去已做了(但)没有必要做的事情”.The question needn't have been discussed.此问题本来不需讨论的.(2)need用作及物动词,主要用于肯定句,有人称、时态和数的变化,后接带to的不定式.其否定形式要借助于don't, doesn't或didn't;疑问形式要借助于do, does或did.He needs to know it.他需要知道这件事.Do you need any help?你需要帮助吗?I don't need things like that.我不需要那样的东西.8.dare的用法dare作为情态动词,主要用于否定句和疑问句,表示“敢于”,本身无变化(各人称都用dare),后面跟不带to的不定式,过去时用dared,其否定式为:dare not/daren't,dared not.How dare they do such a thing?他们怎么敢做出这样的事?Dare he say so?他敢这样说吗?She knows he was wrong but she daren't tell him.她知道他错了,却不敢告诉他.点拨dare用作及物动词的时候更多一些.这时dare后可以跟动词不定式,用于各种结构中.Do I dare to ask her?我敢问她吗?He didn't dare to go.他不敢去.She did not dare to tell them the truth.她不敢对他们说真话.9.ought to表示“应该”做某事,常可与should互换.You ought to be punctual.你应该守时.Students ought not to be late for class.学生上课不应该迟到.Ought we to answer this question now?我们应当现在就回答这个问题吗?点拨ought to后面跟“have+过去分词”结构,表示对过去该做而未做之事的责难、后悔或遗憾的心情.You ought to have helped her.你本该帮助她的.(却没有帮助她)He ought to have returned these books to the library last week.他上星期就应该把这些书还给图书馆.(却没有还书)10.shall的用法(1)shall作为情态动词,用于陈述句的第二、三人称,表示说话人的强烈意愿和决心,有“允诺”“警告”“命令”等含义,意思是“必须”.You shall come whenever you are wanted.什么时候叫你就要什么时候到.(强制)You shall not leave your post.你不得离开岗位.(警告)He shall get the answer tomorrow.他明天可以得到答复.(允诺)(2)shall作为情态动词,在疑问句中可用于第一、三人称,表示征询对方意见或请求,意思是“要不要”“好不好”.Shall he come to see you?要不要他来看你?Shall we go for walk?我们去散散步好吗?Shall I turn on the light?我要开灯吗?11.will的用法(1)表示“意志”“意愿”,可用于多种人称.He'll help you if you ask him.如果你请他帮忙,他是愿意帮忙的.Will you give him a message when you see him?见到他时,请你通知他一下好吗?(2)will还可用来表示一种习惯性动作或状态,有“总是”“惯于”等意思.Fish will die out of water.鱼儿离开水会死去.He will talk for hours if you give him the chance.如果你给他机会,他会滔滔不绝地谈上几个钟头.12.should的用法(1)表示“义务或责任”,意思是“应该”.I should speak and write English every day.我应该天天说、写英语.We should learn from each other and help each other.我们应该互相学习,互相帮助.(2)表示推测、预期.They should be here by now.他们现在该到了.Tom should know her address.估计汤姆知道她的住址.(3)should后面跟“have+过去分词”结构,其肯定句,表示过去应该做而未做的事,其否定句则表示过去不该做但做了的事情.He looks very tired. He should have had a good rest at home.他看上去很累了,本应该待在家里好好休息.As an adult, he shouldn't have misunderstood it.作为成人,他本来就不应该误解这件事.13.would(1)would作为情态动词will的过去式,表示过去时间的“意志”“愿望”或“决心”等,可用于各人称.I said I would do anything for him.我说过,我愿意为他做任何事.He said he would get up earlier the next morning.他说第二天早上要早点起床.(2)would可用来表示人的意愿、个人想法.在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示有礼貌、较婉转的请求.如:Would you like to have a glass of tea?你要喝一杯茶吗?Would you mind closing the door?请关上门好吗?I would like to buy a silk scarf for my wife.我想给妻子买一条丝巾.(3)would与动词连用,可表示过去反复发生的动作,相当于汉语中的“常常”“总是”等意思.如:The old retired worker would often go to the park to play chess.这位退休老工人常常到公园去下棋.When I was a student, I would take a walk along the country road after class.当学生时,放学后我常常沿着乡间小路散步.好题精练一、用适当的助动词和情态动词填空1.His father_________ not a lawyer.2.He_________ two sisters and a brother.3.I_________ never met him before I heard his speech.4.The visitors_________ given a warm welcome.5.Excuse me, _________ I have a look at the photo?6. _________ you work out(算出)this difficult problem without any help?7.This is a reading room. You_________ sing here.8. _________ I speak to the headmaster, please?9. _________ you like a sandwich?10.I_________ love a cup of tea.11.You_________ not drink and drive.12.We_________ buy a new lock for the front door.13.You_________ to knock at door before you come in.14.He_________ to pass an examination before he can start work.15. _________ you guess the answer? Sorry, I can't.16.May I come in? No, you_________.17.Your father is free now. You_________ ask him to tell you a story.18. _________ we hand in the exercises today?No, you needn't. You_________ hand them tomorrow.答案:1.is2.has3.had4.are5.may6.Can7.mustn't8.Could9.Would 10.would11.should 12.should 13.have 14.has 15.Can16.mustn't 17.may 18.Must,may二、选择填空1.-What_________ it be?-It_________ be a mail box, for it is moving. It_________ be a car.A. can; can't; mustB. can; can; mustC. can; mustn't; mustD. must; mustn't; can2.My mother is out. I_________ look after my little brother.A. have toB. canC. has toD. may not3.At that time she_________ sit here like that for hours.A. willB. wouldC. had toD. shall4.The radio says it is sunny today. You_________ take a raincoat with you.A. can'tB. needn'tC. mustn'tD. can5.I_________ like Chinese tea with nothing in it.A. wouldB. mustC. needD. can't6.- _________ we go out for a walk?-Good idea. What time shall we meet?A. ShallB. LetC. WillD. Must7.He_________ to go there when he was young.A. usedn'tB. didn't useC. is usedD. both A and B8.-Must we finish our homework now, Mrs. Read?-Oh no, you_________.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. won'tD. needn't9.These useful dictionaries_________ good care of.A. must takeB. must be takeC. must be takenD. must to take10.Don't be late again. You_________ be here on time.A. mustB. canC. mayD. needn't11.Tom,don't worry, you_________ get the book next morning.A. shallB. willC. mayD. can12. _________ you swim in the river?A. CanB. MustC. MayD. Need13.Chinese must have the largest number of speakers, _________?A. mustn't theyB. haven't theyC. don't theyD. doesn't it14.You did not go to the party yesterday, or I_________ you.A. would seeB. could meetC. might have seenD. might see15.-Is the boy by the window your brother?-It_________ him.A. maybeB. may beC. would beD. need be16.What_________ you like for breakfast?A. mayB. willC. wouldD. can17.- _________ you like some drink?-Yes, please.A. WouldB. WillC. CouldD. Can18.-May I throw a frisbee in the street?-No, you_________.A. may not B .mustn't C. needn't D. don't19.-Can you mend a TV set?-No, I_________.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. may notD. needn't20.-Please don't make a noise.-_________.I'll be as quiet as a mouse.A. Yes, I won'tB. No, I won'tC. No, I willD. Yes, I will21.The traffic_________ stop when lights are red.A. mustB. mayC. canD. mustn't22.- _________ I ask you a question, please?-Yes, please.A. MayB. MustC. NeedD. Will23.Go and ask Mr. Wu. He_________ tell you1 how to use the dictionary.A. mayB. shouldC. wouldD. could24. _________ you please tell me the way to the station?A. ShallB. WouldC. MayD. Might25. _________ I open the window? It's hot here.A. MustB. WillC. ShallD. Would 答案:1-5AABBA 6-10ADDCA11-15 BADCB 16-20 CABBB21-25 AAABC。
初中常见助动词《初中常见助动词》嘿,同学们!你们知道在初中英语学习里,那些常见的助动词有多重要吗?这就好比我们在玩游戏时的秘密武器,掌握了它们,就能在英语的世界里畅游无阻啦!先来说说“do”和“does”吧。
“Do you like apples?” “Yes, I do.” 这是不是很常见?当我们要构成一般疑问句或者否定句的时候,“do”和“does”就派上大用场啦!就像我们搭积木,它们就是那关键的几块,能让我们的句子结构稳稳当当。
比如说,“I don't like math.” 这里的“don't”就是“do not”的缩写,是不是一下子就让句子表达出了否定的意思?那“does”呢?“She doesn't play football.” 它用在第三人称单数的时候,是不是也特别给力?再讲讲“have”和“has”。
哎呀,这俩家伙就像一对好兄弟。
“Have you got a pen?” “Yes, I have.” 而当主语是第三人称单数的时候,就得用“has”啦,比如“He has a new bike.” 这就好像分糖果,根据人数的不同来分配,多有趣呀!还有“be”动词“am”“is”“are”。
“I am happy.” “She is beautiful.” “They are playing basketball.” 它们就像是不同尺码的鞋子,得根据主语来选择合适的穿上,不然可就不合脚啦!我有一次做作业,就因为把助动词用错了,被老师批评了呢。
我当时心里那个难受呀,就像被乌云遮住了阳光。
后来我就下定决心,一定要把这些助动词搞清楚!我找了好多练习题来做,还和同学们一起讨论,终于慢慢掌握了它们的用法。
你们想想,如果没有这些助动词,我们的英语句子该多单调呀!就像一幅画没有了色彩。
所以呀,我们一定要好好掌握这些助动词,让我们的英语表达更加准确、生动。
同学们,你们觉得助动词是不是很神奇?是不是也下定决心要学好它们啦?反正我是觉得,只要我们用心,就一定能把它们拿下!。
复习be助动词和do助动词一.用is , am, are , , do , does , 来填空1. He from a small town in North2. They kind to us .3. I interested in playing football.4. you like swimming ?5. he go to school by bus every day?6. they do their homework everyday?7. Tom good at maths?8. Sam and Tim like climbing trees?9. She busying doing her homework?1 0. We all middle school students._ . 用like 和likes 填空1. I collecting stamps.2. He flying kites on sunny days.3. They running and jumping.4. Jack riding bicycles on summerdays.三.把下列句子变成疑问句,并作肯定和否定的回答1. He is the tallest students in our class.2. They are running on the playground.3. She can sing and dance.4. They must get up early.5. He may come here by train.四•把下列句子变成疑问句,并作肯定和否定的回答1. They speak English every day.2. He speaks English every day.3. The have a large room.4. He has a large room.五•区分下列哪些是主系表结构,那些是主谓宾结构1. We are Chinese.2. We study hard.3. He is a good friend of my father.4. He likes playing basketball.5. They do well in drawing pictures.六.用is, am, are, was , were, do, does , did填空1. He __ my Chinese teacher.2. They ____ from Canada.3. I ___ taller than my sister.4. She ___ a nurse five years ago.5. They ____ very short ten years ago.6. I ___ six years old eight years ago.7. ____ they help you with your work?8. ____ he go to the cinema on Sundays?9. ____ they give you some useful books?10. ___ he visit the school yesterday?七.汉译英1. 英语是我最喜欢的科目。
完整)初中英语特殊动词清单(简化版)初中英语特殊动词清单 (简化版)本文档旨在为初中英语学习者提供一个特殊动词的清单,以帮助他们更好地理解和运用这些动词。
特殊动词在语言学中是一类具有特殊意义或用法的动词,需要特别注意其用法和含义。
以下是一些常见的特殊动词及其用法总结。
1.助动词 (Modal Verbs)助动词用来帮助说明动作或状态的可能性、必要性、意愿等情况,常见的助动词包括:___: 可以,能够Could: 过去一般能够,可能May: 可能,可以Might: 可能Must: 必须Shall: 将来时的“将”Should: 应该Will: 将要,愿意Would: 过去将要,愿意助动词的使用具有一定的规则和限制,学习者需要根据具体语境灵活运用。
2.系动词 (Linking Verbs)系动词用来连接主语和表语,表达主语的状态、特征、性质等,常见的系动词包括:Be: 是,成为___: 变得Seem: 似乎Look: 看起来Feel: 感觉系动词通常不能单独使用,需要与表语搭配使用。
3.情态动词 (Semi-Modal Verbs)情态动词具有助动词和实意动词的特点,可以用来表示能力、许可、可能、愿望等情态,常见的情态动词包括:Need: 需要Have to: 必须___: 应该Used to: 过去常常Dare: 敢情态动词有时需要与动词原形连用,有时则需要带上动词的-ing或过去分词形式。
4.接续动词 (Phrasal Verbs)接续动词是由动词与副词、介词等组合而成的短语动词,常见的接续动词有:Take off: 脱下或起飞Look up: 查找Put on: 穿上或涂抹Break up: 分手或结束___: 闲逛或出去玩接续动词的意义可以与组成它们的词完全不同,需要根据上下文理解其意思。
5.模拟动词 (Phrasal Modals)模拟动词是由助动词和副词、介词等组合形成的动词短语,用来表示可能性、推测、虚拟等情态,常见的模拟动词包括:Be going to: 打算Have got to: 不得不Used to: 过去常常___: 最好___: 宁愿模拟动词的用法与助动词类似,可以根据语境进行学习和运用。
【初中英语】初中英语语法大全之助动词do【—之助动词do】助动词do在英语中到处可见,下面是老师为同学们带来的关于助动词do用法的具体介绍。
供同学们参考。
希望对同学们有帮助!1)形成一个一般性问题,例如:doyouwanttopassthecet? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?你学过德国吗?你学过德语吗?2)do+not构成否定句,例如:我不想被批评。
我不想被批评。
hedoesn'tliketostudy. 他不想学习。
过去,许多学生不知道英语的重要性。
过去,许多学生不知道英语的重要性。
3) 构成否定祈使句,例如:别忘了其他人。
不要去那里。
don'tbesoabsent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
注意:否定祈使句只使用do,而不是dod和does。
4)放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:伊迪格特。
我确实去过那里。
idomissyou. 我确实想你。
5)用于倒装句,例如:neverdidihearofsuchathing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。
只有当我们开始大学生活时,才能意识到英语的重要性。
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
注意:引导这种倒装句的副词包括从不、很少、很少、很少、只有、所以、好等等。
6)用作代动词,例如:----你喜欢北京吗?——你喜欢北京吗?----yes,ido. --是的,喜欢。
(do用作代动词,代替likebeijing.)他知道怎么开车,不是吗?他知道如何开车,对吧?对于老师带来的助动词do的介绍,如果学生不理解,可以参考英语百科全书!。
2022初中英语知识点复习:助动词was,were每一个小细节都在用心去学,初中整理了2022初中英语知识点复习:助动词was,were内容,以供大家参考复习。
2022初中英语知识点复习:助动词was,were一般现在时,Iamastudent过去时,Iwasastudent,一般用到过去式,说明我过去是,现在呢,现在不是了,现在也许上班了,也许当老板了==过去式还有个说法,就是发生过的事,就仅仅是发生过了。
将来时,Iwillbeastudent,这里有一个will,will是时态,后面永远跟动词原形,所以这里用到be,而不是am,will的过去时是would,一般在过去时里面想讲当时我以后会怎样怎样,打个比方说,我去年说我以后会成为医生。
IsaidIwouldbeadoctorlastyear。
现在讲现在进行时吧,现在进行时是你现在正在做的事,Iamworingnow。
一般别人会问你whatareyoudoing?你就回答这个吧。
过去进行时,别人问你whatwereyoudoingyesterday?Iwaswatchingtvyesterday。
youwerewatchingtv。
were,是are的过去式,和you用的而did和was是I一起。
的句子主要分两种啊,我看你这个都没搞清楚是不是主谓宾Ilove只有动词有时态you。
主系表IamastudentIwasastudentyouareastudentyouwereastudent只有动词才有时态,也就是谓语和系动词才有时态。
动词有,一般时,一般过去式,过去现在将来进行时,还有完成时,以及完成时,完成进行时,以及被动。
这几个是最常用的did是什么时候用的呢,是助动词,一般用于否认,如果不是否认用于did的话,那就是强调了Idoloveyou,我真的爱你。
Ididntliethiswaywhatyoudid。
did也是do的过去式,你能明白吗。
2022初中英语知识点复习:助动词had要善于区分记忆不同的英语语法,初中整理了2022复习:助动词had内容,以供大家参考复习。
2022初中英语知识点复习:助动词had现在完成时的动词结构是“have/has过去分词”,过去完成时的动词,就是把“have、has”变成过去式---had。
这样,过去完成时的动词结构就是:had过去分词,所以我可以说,过去完成时,就是现在完成时的过去式。
had用于过去完成时,后面都跟过去分词。
过去完成时的用法,大家可以简单地理解为“过去的过去”,在过去完成时中,完整的谓语结构“had过去分词”:WhenIenteredtheclassroom,Ifoundthattheyhadmooobefo reIgotthere我到那里之前,他们就把教室卫生搞完了。
=Aftertheyhadfinishedcleaningtheclassroom,Igotthere他们把教室打扫干净之后,我到了。
另外,by,bytheendof或者由when引出状语从句也可以作为过去完成时的时间状语,现在完成时中的already,just,ever,never以及for和since也可以用于过去完成时中。
注意by后面一定是一个过去的时间,如:Theyhadfinishedtwothirdsoftheworbyyesterday到昨天为止,他们已经完成了工作的三分之二。
TheyhadalreadyfinishedcleaningtheclassroomwhenIcame当我来时,他们已经打扫完了教室。
以上是2022初中英语知识点复习:助动词had内容,希望帮助大家复习。
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