现代控制理论 王金城 第二章答案

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第2章习题参考答案:

2-1 (1)①ttt3200eeeA,

②待定系数法122303231123213tttttteeeeee

201300tAttee(t)I(t)Ae

(2)①约当标准形:2220ttAtteteee

②122111221020ttAttseteeL(sIA)Lse

(3)①约当标准形:233300000tAtttteeetee

②1211133320000031000300tAttttseeL(sIA)Lsetese

(4)①21201001Atttet

②222121012001AttteIAtAt.....t!

2-2(1)113141IA()()

1231,

313031131344111144tttttteeeeee 330133111122441122ttttAttttteeeee(t)(t)Aeeee

(2)10011236116IA()()()

123123,,

2310223132231662211111245832139122tttttttttttt(eee)(t)e(t)e(eee)(t)e(eee)

tttttttttttttttttttttttttttt3-2-3-2-3-2-3-2-3-2-3-2--3-2-3-2-3-24.540.513.5162.591231.520.54.582.53630.50.51.542.533eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeA2-3 ① 211012IA() 121

11010111P 11011P 11101APAP

②Laplace变换法:1111112tttAttttsteeteeL(sIA)Lsteete

③待定系数法:1011101ttttt(t)eete(t)tete

01Ate(t)(t)A=ttttttteeteteete

2-4(1)1000001010()I ∴不满足条件;

(2)10001() ∴满足条件

11(0)41A

2-5 2211120tt(e)(t)e ①自身性 10001()I

② 传递性

1021102122211020221111112200(tt)(tt)(tt)(tt)(e(e(tt)(tt)(tt)ee

③可逆性

0000122100221111112200(tt)(tt)(tt)(tt)(e)(e(tt)(tt)ee

1(t)(t) ∴满足

2-6 (1)000tA(t)

202000ttA()d,141202100080000000ttdd

42tt1000(t,0)82010000

()ttt241+0,02801Φ

(2)00tteA(t)e

0010010ttteedee

1212121010100010teeddee

∴21+00-00-021+00,2--2ttttteeee)(Φ

2-7 ∵1At1111s1cos2tsin2teL(sIA)L44s2sin2tcos2t

∴1(t)(t)(0)Φ=xx-1-2t-t2tt2tt1-2t-t2tt2tt12e2ee2e2e2e(t)(t)(0)-1-1-e-eee2eeΦ=xx

t2tt2tt0t0t2tt2t42-2e-2e-2e-4e(t)13e-2ee-4eA=Φ

2-8 eeee()eeeettttttttttt(t)(t)tΦΦΦ221222222

2-9 (1)AttA(t)0(t)e(0)eBu()dxx=

At222100t01011t11IAtAtt01000000002!2e

2t0t11t01t(t)d2110011t1tx=0

(2)1t2tt2tAt111t2tt2ts12eeeeeL(sIA)L2s32e2ee2e

AttA(t)0(t)ex(0)eBu()dx

22154()2245tttteextee

2-10 AttA(t)0(t)ex(0)eBu()dx

1At1111s1cos2tsin2teL(sIA)L44s2sin2tcos2t

∴ttttt22220.52cossinsincos)(x

2-11 121det(IA)(3)(1),1,334

∴11P13 1311P112

∴t3tt3tAtt1t3tt3t3eeee1ePeP23e3ee3e

∵At(t)e(0)xx

∴t3tAtt3t0.5e3.5e(0)e(t)0.5e4.5e-1xx

2-12 11icUiRidtCUidtC

则 ccidURCUUdt

1,1RmCF

则()()()cciUtUtUt

()[1]cciUtUU

[1][1][1]()AttAsIAssIAstee

()01()0(1)0()010010tAtAtcCittCtttCuteueBudeuedeuee

323()0(3)(0)10()0(0)10(1)()10(1)ccctttciueueeueVuteeeud

当t=0时,cut10(1e)

当tt(t)(t1)c00t1,ut10e(1e)10e|10(1e)

当ct1,u(t)0

2-13 设12x(kt)y(kt)x(kt)yk1t

∴ 12221xk1Tyk1Tx(kT)xk1Tyk2Tu(kT)0.5x(kT)0.1x(kT)

∴状态空间表达式为:

010xk1Tx(kT)u(kT)0.10.51

yk1T10x(kT)

若初始值y(0)=1,y(T)=0逆推

y(2T)+0.5y(T)+0.1y(0)=1

∴y(2T)=0.9,y(3T)=0.55,y(4T)=0.635 ()()()()()()()()()()(0)ykTδtδtTδtTδtTδtTδtTδtTδtTδtTδtT0.920.5530.63540.627550.622760.625870.624780.625090.62501

2-14t2tt2tAtt1ttt2t2eeee(t)ePeP2e2ee2e

设x(k1)x(k)u(k)GH

0.9670.148(T)0.2960.522G

t2tTT00t2t0.017ee(t)BdtBdt0.148e2eH

,G H0.96710.14840.0170.29680.52190.148

离散化状态方程 :

0.9670.1480.017k1kuk0.2960.5220.148xx

1z0.5220.148(z0.82)(z0.669)(z0.82)(z0.669)(z)0.269z0.967(z0.82)(z0.669)(z0.82)(z0.669)IG

11(k)zzzIG

∴kk1kkk1kk1kk1k1kk1(1)2(1)2(1)(1)2()(1)2(1)2(1)(1)2kΦ

2-15(1)AT221T1GeIATAT012

2TT00T1t0(t)Bdtdt2011TH

当T=1s时,110.5k1kuk011xx 10(k)yx