【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 英语试题和答案

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试及答案英语（北京卷）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but22. —Hi, let’s go skating. —Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.A. fillB. have filledC. am fillingD. will fill23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.A. byB. inC. forD. until24. __ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..A. ObserveB. To observeC. ObservedD. Observing25. Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.A.watchB. to watchC. watchedD. watching26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..A.whoB. whichC. whenD. Where27.________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solvingB. solvedC. being solvedD.to be solved29._______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. AsB. WhenC. Even thoughD. In case30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.A. whereB. whenC. howD. why31.—What time is it? —I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started33.Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A. whateverB. whenever.C. whereeverD. however34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. having recognizedD. having been recognized第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习英语学科测试2019.3考试时间100分钟满分120分第一部分：知识运用共两节;45分第一节语法填空共10小题；每小题1.5分; 共15分阅读下列短文;根据短文内容填空..在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词;在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空..AJohn Carter was rescued from the sea near his holiday home yesterday. The accident happened while he __1__ walk along a steep cliff at the edge of the sea. He was blown off by a strong wind and __2__ fall into the sea; 30 meters below. Luckily; a woman saw him in the sea soon afterwards and she called the police rescue service. Mr. Carter was taken to hospital with a __3__ break arm. “I’m very lucky to be alive;” he said. “I can’t thank the woman enough.”BMany elephants can paint. In fact; elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground __4__ a stick. Seeing this; some trainers teach the elephants __5__ they can hold paintbrushes; and encourage them to choose colors and paint. Of course; not every painting is good. Just like humans; only some elephants are very creative. Now; an online gallery sells paintings by these elephant artists. By doing this; the gallery hopes to earn money __6__ protect elephants.CGolden Gate Park is in San Francisco; California. It is one of the largest urban __7__ park in the United States. Over one million colorful flowers; trees and other plants grow in the park. But originally most of the park __8__ cover in sand. After a lot of work; it was finally built in 1870. Today; there are many people __9__ visit the park every day. They play basketball; soccer; golf and many other sports there. The park is closed in many places to traffic so people can walk; cycle; or skate __10__ free.第二节完形填空共20小题；每小题1.5分;共30分阅读下面短文;掌握其大意;从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中;选出最佳选项;并在答题卡上将该项涂黑..A Game of Light and ShadeIt was a sunny day. I had gone up and down the tower when; outside the door at the foot; a blind man came toward me. In a moment; he disappeared up the stairs. I looked at the sign that said “To the Tower”; and decided to __11__ him.I caught up with him in the ticket office. There I was __12__ to see the attendant 工作人员selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor. Then; with the ticket in one hand and __13__ the wall with the fingers of the other; the blind man reached the stairs __14__ to the hallway.“That man is blind. What would a blind man climb up the tower for” I said to the attendant; expecting him to show some __15__; but he didn’t answer.“Not the __16__ certainly;” I said. “Perhaps he wants to __17__.”I bought a ticket and __18__ up the stairs. The man hadn’t gone as far as I __19__. A third of the way up the tower; I heard his __20__. I slowed down and followed him at a little __21__. He stopped from time to time. When he got to the balcony 阳台; I was a dozen steps __22__. As I reached it; I saw him at the corner of the tower.At last; after ten minutes; I __23__ him. “Excuse me;” I said as politely as I could; “but I am curious to know __24__ you came up.”He smiled. “Coming up the stairs; you will notice how not just light but sun __25__ into the tower through the narrow windows here and there; so that you can feel the __26__—the cool stairs suddenly become quite warm—and how up here behind the wall there is __27__; but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun. There is no __28__ so good as this for feeling the difference between light and shade. It is not the first time I’ve come up.”The blind man seemed quite __29__; just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games. He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life __30__ they cannot enjoy the sights of the world.11. A. accept B. follow C. control D. visit12. A. frightened B. disappointed C. surprised D. embarrassed13. A. touching B. climbing C. hitting D. covering14. A. pointing B. attaching C. contributing D. leading15. A. respect B. doubt C. concern D. sympathy16. A. view B. test C. prize D. trick17. A. kick B. jump C. relax D. escape18. A. struggled B. explored C. wandered D. hurried19. A. promised B. examined C. imagined D. confirmed20. A. steps B. words C. secrets D. cheers21. A. standard B. distance C. expense D. intention22. A. ahead B. around C. outside D. behind23. A. recognized B. surrounded C. approached D. witnessed24. A. why B. how C. when D. whether25. A. knocks B. pours C. slides D. bursts26. A. trend B. reaction C. change D. honor27. A. light B. space C. mess D. shade28. A. place B. signal C. object D. period29. A. nervous B. content C. curious D. patient30. A. unless B. because C. once D. although第二部分：阅读理解共两节;40分第一节共15小题；每小题2分;共30分阅读下列短文;从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中;选出最佳选项;并在答题卡上将该项涂黑..AGet Involved Make a DonationSo what is rewildingImagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking. Imagine species物种diversifying instead of declining. That’s rewilding. Rewilding is ecologicalrestoration. Rewilding offers hope for wildlife; humans and the planet.Why is rewilding important and necessary●Our natural ecology is broken. The places where you would expect wildlife to exist have been reduced to wet deserts. The seabed has been destroyed and there have been no living creatures any more.●Our wildlife is disappearing. Many wonderful species have declined over the past century. We’ve lost more of our large animals than any European country.●We need keystone species. These vital species; including top predators 食肉动物; drive ecological processes. Their loss has worsened our living systems.●Nature looks after us. Good natural ecology can provide us with clean air and water; prevent flooding and store carbon. Rewilding can leave the world in a better state than it is today.What are challengesAs a long-term project; our “rewilding britain” has its challenges. Many people are not interested; because we have got used to the lack of native forests. Many farmers oppose the idea. They thought it a crazy idea to bring back predators because they would start killing farm animals. It takes time to educate them. Above all; we need money So we need your helpMake a donation.Help us bring back living systems and restore wild natureWith your help we can...●Open up new chances for rewilding and push for change.●Develop tools to educate; influence and spread the word.Thanks for your support.31. Which of the following is the result of rewildingA. Species become various.B. A lot of animals disappear.C. Environments are destroyed.D. Natural disasters happen regularly.32. According to the passage; one of the challenges at present is ______.A. people’s doubtsB. a lack of volunteersC. a shortage of timeD. farmers’ disagreement33. What is the main purpose of the passageA. To introduce a new project.B. To call on people to give money.C. To warn people of the natural ecology.D. To convince people to change their mind.BFlying HighBarrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization. His message for kids: “The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination; hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve.” The secret; he believes; is having a dream in the first place; and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his parents’ bookstore. One customer; a professional pilot; asked Irving if he’d thought about becoming a pilot. “I told him I didn’t think I was smart enough; but the next day he took me to the cockpit 驾驶舱of the commercial airplane he flew; and just like that I was hooked.”To follow his dream; Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a $40 flight simulator 模拟video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world. He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components. He took off with no weather radar; no de-icing system; and just $30 in his pocket. “I like to do things people say I can’t do.”After 97 days; 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms; he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami. “It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.” Irving has been doing it ever since. He set up his non-profit-making organization; Experience Aviation 航空; aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and science-related careers. Kids attend programmes dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“We want to create chances for students to accomplish something amazing;” he notes. Perhaps Irving’s most powerful educational tool is the example his own life provides. After landing his record-breaking flight at age 23; he said; “Everyone told me I was too young; that Ididn’t have enough experience; strength; or knowledge. They told me it would take forever and I’d never come home. Well ... guess what”34. According to Irving; what is the most important in achieving successA. Meeting people who provide unexpected help.B. Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.C. Having something specific that you want to accomplish.D. Developing communication with different organizations.35. What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that ______.A. he felt embarrassed to refuse the offerB. he was doubtful about his own abilitiesC. he knew his efforts would be rewardedD. he realized immediately how lucky he was36. What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph 3A. He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.B. He was finally given enough money to keep going.C. He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.D. He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.37. Irving set up his non-profit-making organization because ______.A. he hoped to become a public figureB. he expected to start a business in other fieldsC. he saw there was great interest in what he was doingD. he thought he could teach more than flight schools couldCTraining the BrainPeople who can accomplish unbelievable tasks; such as memorizing thousands of random numbers in under an hour; state that they just have normal brains. Some memory superstars compete in Olympic-like World Memory Championships. These mental athletes; or MAs for short; can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them. Ed Cooke;a 24-year-old MA; explains they see themselves as participants rescuing the long-lost art of memory training. These techniques existed not to recall useless information; but to cut into the brain basic text and ideas.A study in the journal Nature examined eight people who finished near the top of the World Memory Championships. The scientists examined whether their brains were fundamentally different from everyone else’s or whether they were simply making better use of memorizing abilities we all possess. They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them memorize numbers and photographs. The result surprised everyone. The brains of the MAs andthose of the control subjects were indistinguishable. On every test; the MAs scored in the normal range. However; when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity; they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory.MAs offer an explanation: anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in order by constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled. Dating back to the fifth century; the building is called a memory palace. Even as late as the fourteenth century; when there were copies of any text; scholars needed to remember what was read to them. Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading. If something is made memorable; it has to be repeated. Until relatively recently; people read only a few books intensively 细致地again and again; usually aloud. Today we read extensively; usually only once and without continuous focus.So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly. Using memory palaces; MAs create memorized pictures. For example; recombine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town. One competitor used his own body parts to help him memorize a 57;000-word dictionary.Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination. Then they should cut each building into cubbyholes for memories. In a short amount of time; they will notice improvement with remembering things. To keep the skill sharp; MAs deliberately empty their palaces after competitions; so they can reuse them and they recommend that beginners do the same.38. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that a mental athlete ______.A. owns a brain that is larger in sizeB. shows a gift in mental ability testsC. uses the memorizing technique betterD. depends less on the areas that control spatial memory39. Why does the author mention “speed reading” in Paragraph 3A. To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth century.B. To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully.C. To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember.D. To compare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times.40. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4A. There is a variety of unforgettable scenes.B. Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten.C. Impressive pictures are in actual buildings.D. One person probably has 57;000 body parts.41. What does the underlined word “cubbyholes” in the last paragraph probably meanA. Small spaces.B. Blacks holes.C. Technical skills.D. Different numbers.DEarly or Later Day CareMany young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care; and there have always been different views on this subject.The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes; and many people do believe this.According to Bowlby; a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while; they will have a higher stress level. Parents’ influence on their children’s well-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life; when a child’s brain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment.However; there are critics. Some anthropologists 人类学家point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone. Plato; around 394 B.C.; argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people.Besides; studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development. They learn the benefits of being socially smart; understanding the concept of sharing and caring. They promote concentration skills; which is very important in their learning. There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples.Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it. But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects; parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The matter; then; is far from being clearly known; though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children.42. The passage mainly argues whether ______.A. children over three will accept school educationB. children under three should be sent to nursery schoolsC. the family relationship is different in traditional societiesD. early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies43. Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theoryA. Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects.B. Separation from parents for young children is common in history.C. Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.D. Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development.44. The author’s attitude towards early day care is that ______.A. children under three should stay with their parentsB. it has potential benefits for both children and parentsC. the bad effect of it on children will disappear as they grow upD. it is controversial and the settlement calls for the use of statistics45. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passageA. B.C. D.I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point 次要点C: Conclusion第二节共5小题；每小题2分;共10分根据短文内容;从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项..选项中有两项为多余选项..Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary EatingAre you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate Then; let it melt in your mind; not in your mouth. According to the recent research; imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food; so you eat less of it.This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation. ____46____The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. “If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite;” said Carey Morewedge; a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing. ____47____ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese;” he added.Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating threechocolates. ____48____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly; a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates. ____49____When they said they had finished; these were taken away and weighed.The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.____50____Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects; such as habituation; also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily; or have control over other habits.A. What’s more; this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.B. People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment.C. For example; a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite; according to the study.D. All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.E. It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food.F. This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet; the study says.G. This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.第三部分：书面表达共两节;35分第一节15分假设你是红星中学高三的学生李华..你班交换生Jim将要参加“学在中国”留学生汉语演讲比赛;来信向你咨询..请你给他写一封邮件;内容包括：1. 推荐一个演讲话题；2. 说明推荐的理由；3. 建议他做哪些准备工作..注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出;不计入总词数..Dear Jim;_______________________________________________________________________________ Yours;Li Hua请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内第二节20分假设你是红星中学高三的学生李华..请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序;介绍上个月你参加学校组织的“绿色出行;从我做起”活动的完整过程;并以“Green Travel in My Family”为题;给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件..词数不少于60..Green Travel in My Family_______________________________________________________________________________请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习英语学科测试答案2019. 3第一部分：知识运用共两节;45分第一节语法填空共10小题；每小题1.5分;共15分1. was walking2. fell3. broken4. with5. how6. to protect7. parks8. was covered9. visiting 10. freely第二节完形填空共20小题；每小题1.5分;共30分11—15 BCADC 16—20 ABDCA 21—25 BDCAB 26—30 CDABD第二部分：阅读理解共两节;40分第一节共15小题；每小题2分;共30分31—35 ADBCB 36—40 DCCDA 41—45 ABCDB第二节共5小题；每小题2分;共10分46—50 CAFDG第三部分：书面表达共两节;35分第一节15分One possible version:Dear Jim;I’m glad to know that you’ll take part in the “Studying in China” speech contest. I’d like to give you some suggestions.I recommend that you talk about the courses on Chinese traditional culture you’ve attended. The major reason is that they introduce the real treasure in human history. Besides; since you’ve taken the courses systematically; you’re sure to have a deep understanding of them.To do it well; I think you should choose impressive examples to gain the recognition of the judges. Moreover; you have to practice your spoken Chinese to express yourself more clearly and fluently. Speaking skills are also needed; for they can help maximize the effectiveness of your speech.I really hope my advice will be helpful. Wish you a great success.Yours;Li Hua第二节20分One possible version:Green Travel in My FamilyLast month; our school organized an activity named “Green Travel; Start with Me”; which has played an educative role.Seeing the proposal on the bulletin board; my classmates and I were deeply interested and had a heated discussion. Everyone expressed their willingness to participate. After getting home; I talked to my parents about my ideas. They were very supportive; saying they wouldn’t drive to work from the next day. In the following weeks; as we promised; I went to school by bike every day; while my parents went to work by bus. Tired as we were; we all felt happy. Last Friday; a class meeting was held as scheduled. Some parents were invited; including my father and mother. We shared our experiences and thoughts during the activity. All of us held the same view that environmental protection is so important for our life.Through the activity; we find it our duty to protect the environment. I hope more and more people will join us in green travel.。

2014年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．1．（1.5分）What does the woman want to do？A．Find a place B．Buy a map C．Get an address．2．（1.5分）What will the man do for the woman？A．Repair her car．B．Give her a ride．C．Pick up her aunt．3．（1.5分）Who might Mr．Peterson be？A．A new professor．B．A department head．C．A company director．4．（1.5分）What does the man think of the book？A．Quite difficult．B．Very interesting．C．Too simple．5．（1.5分）What are the speakers talking about？A．Weather B．Clothes．C．News．6．（3分）听第6段材料，回答6、7题．6．Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman？A．He has a pain in his knee．B．He wants to watch TV．C．He is too lazy．7．What will the woman probably do next？A．Stay at home．B．Take Harry to hospital．C．Do some exercise．8．（3分）听第7段材料，回答第8、9题．8．When will the man be home from work？A．At 5：45．B．At 6：15．C．At 6：50．9．Where will the speakers go？A．The Green House Cinema．B．The New State Cinema．C．The UME Cinema．10．（4.5分）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题．10．How will the speakers go to New York？A．By air．B．By taxi．C．By bus．11．Why are the speakers making the trip？A．For business．B．For shopping．C．For hoilday．12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A．Driver and passenger．B．Husband and wife．C．Fellow workers．13．（6分）听第9段材料，回答第13～16题．13．Where does this conversation probably take place？A．In a restaurant．B．In an office．C．In a classroom．14．What does John do now？A．He's a trainer．B．He's a tour guide．C．He's a college student．15．How much can a new person earn for the first year？A.10，500．B.12，000．C.15，000．16．How many people will the woman hire？A．Four．B．Three．C．Two．17．（6分）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题17．How long has the speaker lived in a big city？A．One year B．Ten years C．Eighteen years．18．What is the speaker's opinion on public transport？A．It's comfortable B．It's time﹣saving C．It's cheap．19．What is good about living in a small town？A．It's safer B．It's healthier C．It's more convenient．20．What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most？A．Busy B．Colorful C．Quiet．第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共4小题；每小题9分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．21．（9分）The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival （CSF）is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge．The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5and 14to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity andhow it inspires them to explore their world．Students are being dared to draw a picture，write an article，take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about．To enter the challenge，all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival，MIT Museum，265Mass Avenue，Cambridge 02139by Friday，February 8th．Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday，April 21st．Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students．Winning entries will be published in a book．Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given．Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served．Between March 10th and March 15th，each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration．The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http://cambridgesciencefestival．org．21．Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge？A．School students B．Cambridge locals C．CSF winners D．MIT artists．22．When will the prize﹣giving ceremony be held？A．On February 8th B．On March 10th C．On April 21st D．On March 15th．23．What type of writing is this text？A．An exhibition guide．B．An art show review．C．An announcement．D．An official report．24．（12分）Passenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers．Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the sky for hours．It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons﹣a number equal to 24to 40percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in theworld．Even as late as 1870when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1mile wide and 320miles （about 515kilometers）long was seen near Cincinnati．Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing．Where the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an ever﹣lasting supply and killed them by the thousands．Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time．The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants．By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans'need for wood，which scattered （驱散）the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline．Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again．In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10years．The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900．For a time，a few birds survived under human care．The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1，1914．24．In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons．A．were the biggest bird in the worldB．lived mainly in the south of AmericaC．did great harm to the natural environmentD．were the largest bird population in the US25．The underlined word"undoing"probably refers to the pigeons'．A．escape B．ruin C．liberation D．evolution 26．What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons？A．To seek pleasure B．To save other birdsC．To make money D．To protect crops．27．What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan？A．It was ignored by the public B．It was declared too late．C．It was unfair D．It was strict．28．（12分）A typical lion tamer （驯兽师）in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a chair．The whip gets all of the attention，but it's mostly for show．In reality，it's the chair that does the important work．When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face，the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time．With its focus divided，the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next．When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair．How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion？How often do you have something you want to achieve （e．g．lose weight，start a business，travel more）﹣﹣﹣﹣only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress？This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best，the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information．The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things，and so we take less action，make less progress，and stay the same when we could be improving．It doesn't have to be that way．Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face，remember this：All you need to do is focus on one thing．You just need to get started．Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people．If you have somewhere you want to go，something you want to accomplish，someone you want to become …take immediate action．If you're clear about where you want to go，the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way．28．Why does the lion tamer use a chair？A．To show off his skills．B．To trick the lion．C．To get ready for a fight．D．To entertain the audience．29．In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair？A．They feel puzzled over choices．B．They hold on to the wrong things．C．They find it hard to make changed．D．They have to do something for show．30．What is the author's attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3？A．Tolerant B．Doubtful C．Respectful D．Supportive．31．When the world is"waving a chair in your face"，you're advised to．A．wait for a better chanceB．break your old habitsC．make a quick decisionD．ask for clear guidance．32．（12分）As more and more people speak the global languages of English，Chinese，Spanish，and Arabic，other languages are rapidly disappearing．In fact，half of the 6，000﹣7，000languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century，according to the United Nations Educational，Scientific，and Cultural Organization （UNESCO）．In an effort to prevent language loss，scholars from a number of organizations﹣﹣﹣﹣UNESCO and National Geographic among them﹣﹣﹣﹣have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect．Mark Turin，a scientist at the Macmillan Center，Yale University，who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas，is following in that tradition．His recently published book，A grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture，grows out of his experience living，working，andraising a family in a village in Nepal．Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin，who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India，Nepal，Bhutan，and China．But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record．At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials﹣﹣﹣﹣including photographs，films，tape recordings，and field notes﹣﹣﹣﹣which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection．Now，through the two organizations that he has founded﹣﹣﹣﹣the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project﹣﹣﹣﹣Turin has started a campaign to make such documents，found in libraries and stores around the world，available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected．Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet，Turin notes，the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities．32．Many scholars are making efforts to．A．promote global languageB．rescue disappearing languagesC．search for language communitiesD．set up language research organizations33．What does"that tradition"in Paragraph 3refer to？A．Having full records of the languages．B．Writing books on language teaching．C．Telling stories about language users．D．Living with the native speakers．34．What is Turin's book based on？A．The cultural studies in India．B．The documents available at Yale．C．His language research in Bhutan．D．His personal experience in Nepal．35．Which of the following best describes Turin's work？A．Write，sell and donate．B．Record，repair and reward．C．Design，experiment and report．D．Collect，protect and reconnect．第二节（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．36．（15分）The jobs of the future have not yet been invented．（36）By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds．1．CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious．（37）Ask kids，"What ingredients （配料）can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？"and then try them out．Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time？2．CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it．（38）There are a dozen different things you can do with them．Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity．3．Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids．We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions．（39）"Why do you think she's crying？""Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？""If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？"4．Self Expression（40）There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas﹣﹣﹣﹣music，acting，drawing，building，photography．You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another．A．Encourage kids to cook with you．B．And we can't forget science education．C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways．D．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories．E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill．F．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist？G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill．第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．41．（40分）As a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine （常规）basis．As a matter of fact，we can see this（41）at work in people of all（42）．For example，on Christmas morning，children are excited about（43）with their new toys．But their（44）soon wears off the by January those（45）toys can be found put away in the basement．The world is full of （46）stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someone's（47）interest．When parents bring home a pet，their child（48）bathes it and brushes its fur．Within a short time，however，the （49）of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents．Adolescents enter high school with great（50）but are soon looking forward to（51）．The same is true of the young adults going to college．And then，how many（52），who now complain （抱怨）about the long drives to work，（53）drove for hour at a time when they first （54）their driver's licenses （执照）？Before peopleretire，they usually （55）to do a lot of（56）things，which they never had（57）to do while working．But（58）after retirement，the golfing，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they（59）．And，like the child in January，they go searching for new （60）．41．A．habit B．principle C．way D．power 42．A．parties B．races C．countries D．ages 43．A．working B．living C．playing D．going 44．A．confidence B．interest C．anxiety D．sorrow 45．A．same B．extra C．funny D．expensive46．A．well﹣organized B．colorfully﹣printedC．half﹣filled D．newly﹣collected47．A．broad B．passing C．different D．main 48．A．silently B．impatiently C．worriedly D．gladly 49．A．promise B．burden C．right D．game 50．A．courage B．calmness C．confusion D．excitement 51．A．graduation B．independence C．responsibility D．success 52．A．children B．students C．adults D．retirees 53．A．carefully B．eagerly C．nervously D．bravely 54．A．required B．obtained C．noticed D．discovered 55．A．need B．learn C．plan D．start 56．A．great B．strange C．difficult D．correct 57．A．time B．money C．skills D．knowledge 58．A．only B．well C．even D．soon 59．A．lost B．chose C．quit D．left 60．A．pets B．toys C．friends D．colleagues．第二节（满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．9．（15分）Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio．It （61）（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up．The river was so polluted that it（62）（actual）caught fire and burned．Now，years later，this river is one of （63）most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup．But the river wasn't changed in a few days（64）even a few months．It took years of work（65）（reduce）the industrial pollution and clean the water．Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is（66）（clean）than ever．Maybe you are facing an impossible situation．Maybe you have a habit（67）is driving your family crazy．Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use．When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately？While there are （68）（amaze）stories of instant transformation，for most of us the（69）（change）are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river．Just be（70）（patience）．第四部分写作（共两节；满分35分）第一节短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）11．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．Nearly five years before，and with the help by our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden．Since then﹣﹣﹣for all these year﹣﹣﹣we had been allowing tomatoes to self﹣seed where they please．As result，the plants are growing somewhere．The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste．There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors．Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems．We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!第二节书面表达12．（25分）假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周．下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．（3）参考词汇：住宿﹣accommodation．2014年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）参考答案与试题解析第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．1．（1.5分）（2014•安徽）What does the woman want to do？A．Find a place B．Buy a map C．Get an address．【分析】略【解答】A2．（1.5分）（2014•安徽）What will the man do for the woman？A．Repair her car．B．Give her a ride．C．Pick up her aunt．【分析】略【解答】B3．（1.5分）（2014•安徽）Who might Mr．Peterson be？A．A new professor．B．A department head．C．A company director．【分析】略【解答】C4．（1.5分）（2014•安徽）What does the man think of the book？A．Quite difficult．B．Very interesting．C．Too simple．【解答】B5．（1.5分）（2014•安徽）What are the speakers talking about？A．Weather B．Clothes．C．News．【分析】略【解答】A6．（3分）（2014•安徽）听第6段材料，回答6、7题．6．Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman？A．He has a pain in his knee．B．He wants to watch TV．C．He is too lazy．7．What will the woman probably do next？A．Stay at home．B．Take Harry to hospital．C．Do some exercise．【分析】略【解答】B C8．（3分）（2014•安徽）听第7段材料，回答第8、9题．8．When will the man be home from work？A．At 5：45．B．At 6：15．C．At 6：50．9．Where will the speakers go？A．The Green House Cinema．B．The New State Cinema．C．The UME Cinema．【解答】AC10．（4.5分）（2014•安徽）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题．10．How will the speakers go to New York？A．By air．B．By taxi．C．By bus．11．Why are the speakers making the trip？A．For business．B．For shopping．C．For hoilday．12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A．Driver and passenger．B．Husband and wife．C．Fellow workers．【分析】略【解答】AAC13．（6分）（2014•安徽）听第9段材料，回答第13～16题．13．Where does this conversation probably take place？A．In a restaurant．B．In an office．C．In a classroom．14．What does John do now？A．He's a trainer．B．He's a tour guide．C．He's a college student．15．How much can a new person earn for the first year？A.10，500．B.12，000．C.15，000．16．How many people will the woman hire？A．Four．B．Three．C．Two．【分析】略【解答】BCAC17．（6分）（2014•新课标Ⅰ）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题17．How long has the speaker lived in a big city？A．One year B．Ten years C．Eighteen years．18．What is the speaker's opinion on public transport？A．It's comfortable B．It's time﹣saving C．It's cheap．19．What is good about living in a small town？A．It's safer B．It's healthier C．It's more convenient．20．What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most？A．Busy B．Colorful C．Quiet．【分析】略【解答】BCAB第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共4小题；每小题9分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．21．（9分）（2014•新课标Ⅰ）The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival （CSF）is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge．The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5and 14to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity andhow it inspires them to explore their world．Students are being dared to draw a picture，write an article，take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about．To enter the challenge，all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival，MIT Museum，265Mass Avenue，Cambridge 02139by Friday，February 8th．Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday，April 21st．Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students．Winning entries will be published in a book．Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given．Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served．Between March 10th and March 15th，each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration．The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http://cambridgesciencefestival．org．21．Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge？AA．School students B．Cambridge locals C．CSF winners D．MIT artists．22．When will the prize﹣giving ceremony be held？CA．On February 8th B．On March 10th C．On April 21st D．On March 15th．23．What type of writing is this text？CA．An exhibition guide．B．An art show review．C．An announcement．D．An official report．【分析】本文是有关第六届剑桥科技节的通知，通知要求5至14岁的学生可以报名参加，参赛作品可以是一张画、一篇文章、一张照片或一首诗，作品要能够鼓励人们探险世界．将在4月21日给优秀作品颁奖．【解答】21．A 细节理解题．根据文章第一段2，3行The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world．可知，这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生．故A正确．22．C 细节理解题．根据文章第三段Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday，April 21st．可知，进入挑战赛并获奖的同学将在4月21日的颁奖典礼上接受颁奖．故D正确．23．C 推理判断题．本文主要介绍了The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge剑桥科技节的很多信息，根据短文的内容及The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http://cambridgesciencefestival．org．如果想了解更多的信息可以登陆这个网址．可推知这是一个通知，属于应用文中的通知．也就是让别人知道这件重大活动的情况．故C正确．24．（12分）（2014•新课标Ⅰ）Passenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers．Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the sky for hours．It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons﹣a number equal to 24to 40percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world．Even as late as 1870when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1mile wide and 320miles （about 515kilometers）long was seen near Cincinnati．Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing．Where the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an ever﹣lasting supply and killed them by the thousands．Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time．The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants．By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans'need for wood，which scattered （驱散）the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where coldtemperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline．Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again．In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10years．The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900．For a time，a few birds survived under human care．The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1，1914．24．In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons D．A．were the biggest bird in the worldB．lived mainly in the south of AmericaC．did great harm to the natural environmentD．were the largest bird population in the US25．The underlined word"undoing"probably refers to the pigeons'B．A．escape B．ruin C．liberation D．evolution 26．What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons？CA．To seek pleasure B．To save other birdsC．To make money D．To protect crops．27．What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan？BA．It was ignored by the public B．It was declared too late．C．It was unfair D．It was strict．【分析】文章主要讲述了旅鸽的灭绝的故事，由于人们警惕意识弱，相关法律出台太晚，最后一只旅鸽也在100年前死去．【解答】24．D．推理判断题．根据第二段的内容可知，据计算，旅鸽数量最多时，有30多亿只，相当于美国鸟类总数的24%﹣40%．到1870年，旅鸽的数量已经减少了，但是，有人在Cincinnati附近看到鸽群的规模为1英里宽，320英里长．由此可见，在18至19世纪，旅鸽的数量最多．第一段的第二句也是关键信息．故选D．25．B．词义猜测题．根据第三段的内容可知，旅鸽的数量巨大最终导致它们灭绝．undoing意为"毁灭"，与ruin同义．故选B．26．C．细节理解题．根据第三段可知，商业猎人用大网来围捕旅鸽，然后运到大城市卖给餐馆，由此可见，人们捕杀旅鸽主要是为了赚钱．故选C．27．B．推理判断题．根据最后一段的内容可知，1897年密歇根州出台了法律，禁止捕杀旅鸽．那时，人们已经十年没有看到大规模的旅鸽群出没．由此可知，保护旅鸽的法律出台太晚了．故选B．28．（12分）（2014•新课标Ⅰ）A typical lion tamer （驯兽师）in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a chair．The whip gets all of the attention，but it's mostly for show．In reality，it's the chair that does the important work．When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face，the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time．With its focus divided，the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next．When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair．How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion？How often do you have something you want to achieve （e．g．lose weight，start a business，travel more）﹣﹣﹣﹣only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress？This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best，the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information．The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things，and so we take less action，make less progress，and stay the same when we could be improving．It doesn't have to be that way．Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face，remember this：All you need to do is focus on one thing．You just need to get started．Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people．If you have somewhere you want to go，something you want to accomplish，someone you want to become …take immediate action．If you're clear about where you want togo，the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way．28．Why does the lion tamer use a chair？AA．To show off his skills．B．To trick the lion．C．To get ready for a fight．D．To entertain the audience．29．In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair？AA．They feel puzzled over choices．B．They hold on to the wrong things．C．They find it hard to make changed．D．They have to do something for show．30．What is the author's attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3？BA．Tolerant B．Doubtful C．Respectful D．Supportive．31．When the world is"waving a chair in your face"，you're advised to C．A．wait for a better chanceB．break your old habitsC．make a quick decisionD．ask for clear guidance．【分析】本文是一篇议论文．文章以驯兽师拿一把椅子在狮子面前，狮子感到困惑，呆立不动的例子导入，其实我们人也一样，当面对多个选择时，不知该选哪一个，又怕选错了，因此往往进展很小，甚至保持原样．文章旨在告诉我们当遇到多种选择时，要专注一件事，并下决心做下去．【解答】28．A 考查细节理解．根据第一段中"When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face，the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time"可知，当驯兽师拿着椅子在狮子面前时，狮子关注椅子的四条腿，因此椅子用是用来戏耍狮子的．故选A．。

62014年全国高考英语试卷听力+原文+答案（新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ）2014年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标I）听力试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.What does the woman want to do?A.Find a place.B.Buy a map.C.Get an address.2.What will the man do for the woman?A.Repair her car.B.Give her a ride.C.Pick up her aunt.3.Who might Mr.Peterson be?A.A new professor.B.A department head.C.A company director.4.What does the man think of the book?A.Quite difficult.B.Very interesting.C.Too simple.5.What are the speakers talking about?A.Weather.B.Clothes.C.News.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2014年全国高考英语作文真题汇总与范文集锦（2）【校园活动举办通知，信息说明式】假定你是学生会主席李华。

学校将举办一次以“校园生活·创意无限”(Innovations on Campus)为主题的创意作品展评活动。

请你根据以下图示，以短文形式用英语写一份书面通知。

注意: 1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯; 3. 开头及结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数。

参考词汇: 校园campus创意作品innovation颁奖prize-givingAn exciting event 'Innovations on Campus' is around the corner. Every one of you is expected to be part of the event，which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills.Note that your innovations must be school things. Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.All the collections will be on show from June 16 to 18 in the gym. Looking forward to the prize-giving ceremony? Sure! It’ll be held from 15:00 to 17:00 on June 18. So don’t miss the chance of being the winner. Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success. For any questions, call Li Hua at 44876655.Come on, everybody! It's your show time.Student Union2014-12-陕西卷（发言稿）【欢迎词，英语活动介绍，信息说明式】假定你是中学生李华。

2014北京市朝阳区九年级综合练习（一）数 学 试 卷 2014.5一、选择题（本题共32分，每小题4分）下面各题均有四个选项，其中只有一个．．是符合题意的． 1．-5的相反数是A ．5B ．-5C ．15 D ．152．高速公路假期免费政策带动了京郊旅游的增长．据悉，2014年春节7天假期，我市乡村 民俗旅游接待游客约697 000人次，比去年同期增长14.1%．将697 000用科学记数法 表示应为 A ．697×103B ．69.7×104C ．6.97×105D ．0.697×1063．把多项式x 2y ﹣2 x y 2+ y 3分解因式，正确的结果是（ ） A ．y (x ﹣y)2B ．y (x + y )(x ﹣y )C ．y (x + y )2D ．y (x 2﹣2xy + y 2)4．在九张质地都相同的卡片上分别写有数字1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9，在看不到数字的情况下，从中任意抽取一张卡片，则抽到的数字是奇数的概率是 A ．29 B ．13C ．49D ．59 5．如图，△ABC 中，∠C =90°，点D 在AC 边上，DE ∥AB ， 若∠ADE =46°，则∠B 的度数是 A ．34° B ．44° C ．46°D ．54°6．期中考试后，班里有两位同学议论他们小组的数学成绩，小晖说：“我们组考分是82分的人最多”，小聪说：“我们组的7位同学成绩排在最中间的恰好也是82分”．上面两位同学的话能反映出的统计量是A ．众数和平均数B ．平均数和中位数C ．众数和方差D ．众数和中位数7．如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，抛物线y =2x 2+mx +8的顶点A 在x 轴 上，则m 的值是 A ．±4 B ． 8C ．-8D ．±88．正方形网格中的图形（1）～（4）如图所示，其中图（1）、图（2）中的阴影三角形都是有一个角是60°的直角三角形，图（3）、图（4）中的阴影三角形都是有一个角是60°的锐角三角形．以上图形能围成正三棱柱的图形是A ．（1）和（2）B ．（3）和（4） C．（1）和（4） D ．（2）、（3）、（4）B5题图7题图二、填空题（本题共16分，每小题4分）9．请写出一个经过第一、二、三象限，并且与y 轴交与点（0,1）的 直线表达式 ____________．10．如图，已知零件的外径为30 mm ，现用一个交叉卡钳（两条尺长AC和BD 相等，OC =OD ）测量零件的内孔直径AB ．若OC ：OA =1∶2，且量得CD ＝12 mm ，则零件的厚度_____x =mm ．11．将一张半径为4的圆形纸片（如图①）连续对折两次后展开得折痕AB 、CD ，且AB ⊥CD ，垂足为M （如图②），之后将纸片如图③翻折，使点B 与点M 重合，折痕EF 与AB 相交于点N ，连接AE 、AF （如图④），则△AEF 的面积是__________．12．如图，在反比例函数2y x=（x > 0）的图象上有点A 1，A 2，A 3，…，A n -1，A n ，这些点的横坐标分别是1，2，3，…，n -1，n 时，点A 2的坐标是__________；过点A 1 作x 轴的垂线，垂足为B 1，再过点A 2作A 2 P 1⊥A 1 B 1于点P 1，以点P 1、A 1、A 2为顶点的△P 1A 1A 2的面积记为S 1，按照以上方法继续作图，可以得到△P 2 A 2A 3，…，△P n -1 A n -1 A n ，其面积分别记为S 2，…，S n -1，则S 1+ S 2+…+ S n =________．三、解答题（本题共30分，每小题5分） 13． 计算：11()3--－8－(5－π)0+4cos45°．14．解不等式组：22021 1.3x x x -≥⎧⎪+⎨>-⎪⎩，10题图图① 图② 图③ 图④15． 已知2240x x +-=，求22(1)(6)3x x x ---+的值．16．如图，四边形ABCD 是正方形，AE 、CF 分别垂直于过顶点B 的直线l ，垂足分别为E 、F ． 求证：BE =CF ．17．如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，矩形ABCD 的边AD =6，A （1，0）， B （9，0），直线y =kx +b 经过B 、D 两点．（1）求直线y =kx +b 的表达式；（2）将直线y =kx +b 平移，当它l 与矩形没有公共点时，直接写出b 的取值范围．18．列方程或方程组解应用题：从A 地到B 地有两条行车路线：路线一：全程30千米，但路况不太好；路线二：全程36千米，但路况比较好，一般情况下走路线二的平均车速是走路线一的平均车速的1.8倍，走路线二所用的时间比走路线一所用的时间少20分钟．那么走路线二的平均车速是每小时多少千米？．四、解答题（本题共20分，每小题5分）19．如图，△ABC 中，BC >AC ，点D 在BC 上，且CA =CD ，∠ACB 的平分线交AD 于点F ，E是AB 的中点． （1）求证：EF ∥BD ； （2）若∠ACB =60°，AC =8，BC =12，求四边形BDFE 的面积．20．据报道，历经一年半的调查研究，北京PM 2.5源解析已经通过专家论证．各种调查显示，机动车成为PM 2.5的最大来源，一辆车一天行驶20千米，那么这辆车每天至少就要向大气里排放0.035千克污染物．以下是相关的统计图、表：（1）请根据所给信息补全扇形统计图；（2）请你根据“2013年北京市全年空气质量等级天数统计表”计算该年度重度污染和严重污染出现的频率共是多少？（精确到0.01）（3）小明是社区环保志愿者，他和同学们调查了本社区的100辆机动车，了解到其中每天出行超过20千米的有40辆．已知北京市2013年机动车保有量已突破520万辆，请你通过计算，估计2013年北京市一天中出行超过20千米的机动车至少要向大气里排放多少千克污染物？2013年北京市全年空气质量等级天数统计表北京市空气中PM 2.5本地污染源扇形统计图21．如图，CA、CB为⊙O的切线，切点分别为A、B．直径延长AD与CB的延长线交于点E．AB、CO交于点M，连接OB．（1）求证：∠ABO=12∠ACB；（2）若sin∠EAB，CB=12，求⊙O 的半径及BEAE的值．22．以下是小辰同学阅读的一份材料和思考：五个边长为1的小正方形如图①放置，用两条线段把它们分割成三部分(如图②)，移).小辰阅读后发现，拼接前后图形的面积相等．．．．，若设新的正方形的边长为x（x＞0），可得x2=5，x由此可知新正方形边长等于两个小正方形组成的矩形的对角线长.参考上面的材料和小辰的思考方法，解决问题：五个边长为1的小正方形（如图④放置），用两条线段把它们分割成四部分，移动其中的两部分，与未移动的部分恰好拼接成一个无空隙无重叠的矩形，且所得矩形的邻边之比为1：2．具体要求如下：（1）设拼接后的长方形的长为a，宽为b，则a的长度为；（2）在图④中，画出符合题意的两条分割线（只要画出一种即可）；（3）在图⑤中，画出拼接后符合题意的长方形（只要画出一种即可）ACB图①图②图③五、解答题（本题共22分，第23题7分，第24题7分，第25题8分） 23．已知关于x 的一元二次方程 23(1)230mx m x m -+++=.（1）如果该方程有两个不相等的实数根，求m 的取值范围；（2）在（1）的条件下，当关于x 的抛物线23(1)23y mx m x m =-+++与x 轴交点的横坐标都是整数，且4x <时，求m 的整数值．24．在△ABC 中，CA ＝CB ，在△AED 中， DA ＝DE ，点D 、E 分别在CA 、AB 上，． （1）如图①，若∠ACB ＝∠ADE ＝90°，则CD 与BE 的数量关系是 ； （2）若∠ACB ＝∠ADE ＝120°，将△AED 绕点A 旋转至如图②所示的位置，则CD 与BE 的数量关系是 ；， （3）若∠ACB ＝∠ADE ＝2α（0°< α < 90°），将△AED 绕点A 旋转至如图③所示的位置，探究线段CD 与BE 的数量关系，并加以证明(用含α的式子表示)．A 图①A 图③A 图②25．如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy中，点A( 0)，点B(0，2)，点C是线段OA的中点．（1）点P是直线AB上的一个动点，当PC+PO的值最小时，①画出符合要求的点P（保留作图痕迹）；②求出点P的坐标及PC+PO的最小值；（2）当经过点O、C的抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与直线AB只有一个公共点时，求a的值并指出这个公共点所在象限．。

理科综合能力测试试卷 第1页（共42页）理科综合能力测试试卷 第2页（共42页）绝密★启用前2014普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）理科综合能力测试本试卷共16页，300分。

考试时长150分钟。

考试生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

以下数据可供解题时参考：可能用到的相对原子质量：H —1 C —12 O —16 Na —23 Cl —35.5第一部分（选择题 共120分）本部分共20小题，每小题6分，共120分，在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

1. 蓝细菌（蓝藻）与酵母菌的相同之处是（ ）A. 都有拟核B. 均能进行需（有）氧呼吸C. 都有线粒体D. 均能进行光合作用2. 在我国北方，游泳爱好者冬泳入水后，身体立即发生一系列生理反应，以维持体温稳定。

此时，机体不会发生的反应是 （ ）A. 兴奋中枢神经系统，加强肌肉收缩B. 通过反射活动引起皮肤毛细血管收缩C. 通过神经调节减少汗腺分泌D. 抑制垂体活动导致甲状腺激素分泌减少3. 比较生物膜和人工膜（双层磷脂）对多种物质的通透性，结果如图，据此不能得出的推论是（ ）A. 生物膜上存在着协助2H O 通过的物质B. 生物膜对K +、Na +、Cl -的通透具有选择性 C. 离子以易化（协助）扩散方式通过人工膜 D. 分子的大小影响其通过人工膜的扩散速率4. 为控制野兔种群数量，澳洲引入一种主要由蚊子传播的兔病毒。

引入初期强毒性病毒比例最高，兔被该毒性病毒感染后很快死亡，致兔种群数量大幅下降。

兔被中毒性病毒感染后可存活一段时间。

几年后中毒性病毒比例最高，兔种群数量维持在低水平。

由此无法推断出（ ）A. 病毒感染对兔种群的抗性具有选择作用B. 毒性过强不利于维持病毒与兔的寄生关系C. 中毒性病毒比例升高是因为兔抗病毒能力下降所致D. 蚊子在兔和病毒之间的协同（共同）进化过程中发挥了作用 5. 在25℃的实验条件下可顺利完成的是（ ）A. 光合色素的提取与分离B. 用斐林（本尼迪特）试剂鉴定还原糖C. 大鼠神经细胞的培养D. 制备用于植物组织培养的固体培养基 的是（ ）6. 下列试剂中，标签上标注和A. 25C H OHB. 3HNOC. NaOHD. HCl-------------在--------------------此--------------------卷--------------------上--------------------答--------------------题--------------------无--------------------效----------------姓名________________ 准考证号_____________理科综合能力测试试卷 第3页（共42页）理科综合能力测试试卷 第4页（共42页）7. 下列金属中，表面自然形成的氧化层能保护内层金属不被空气氧化的是 （ ） A. K B. Na C. Fe D. Al8. 下列电池工作时，2O 在正极放电的是（ ）9. 下列解释事实的方程式不正确的是（ ）A. 测0.1 mol/L 氨水的pH 为11：+324NH H O NH +OH -B. 将Na 块投入水中，产生气体：222Na+2H O=2NaOH+H ↑C. 将2CuCl 溶液做导电实验，灯泡发光：2+2CuCl Cu +2Cl -通电D. Al 片溶于NaOH 溶液中，产生气体：2222Al+2OH +2H O 2AlO +3H --↑10. 下列说法正确的是（ ）A. 室温下，在水中的溶解度：丙三醇＞苯酚＞1-氯丁烷B. 用核磁共振氢谱不能区分3HCOOCH 和23HCOOCH CHC. 用23Na CO 溶液不能区分3CH COOH 和323CH COOCH CHD. 油脂在酸性或碱性条件下均可发生水解反应，且产物相同11. 用右图装置（夹持、加热装置已略）进行实验，由②中现象，不能证实①中反应发生的是（ ）12. 一定温度下，10 mL 0.40 mol/L 22H O 溶液发生催化分解。

高中英语真题:2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练题（5）及答案阅读理解There is increasing evidence that the impacts of meteorites (陨星) have had important effects on Earth, particularly in the field of biological evolution. Such impacts continue to pose a natural hazard to life on Earth. If an impact is large enough, it can distu rb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe. The best-documented such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period (白垩纪期) of geological history. This break in Earth's history is marked by a mass extinction, when as many as half the species on the planet became extinct. While there are a dozen or more mass e xtinctions in the geological record, the Cretaceous mass extincti on has always intrigued paleontologists (古生物学者) because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs. For te ns of millions of years, those great creatures had flourished. Th en, suddenly, they disappeared.The body that impacted Earth at the end of the Cretaceous peri od was a meteorite with a mass of more than a trillion tons anda diameter of at least 10 kilometers. Scientists first identified thi s impact in 1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment (沉积物) deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet afte r the impact. This sediment layer is enriched in the rare metal iri dium (铱) and other elements that are relatively abundant in a meteorite but very rare in the crust (地壳) of Earth. Even diluted (稀释) by the terrestrial (地球的) material excavated (挖掘) from the crater, this component of meteorites is easily identi fied. By 1990 geologists had located the impact site itself in the Yucat region of Mexico. The crater, now deeply buried in sedim ent, was originally about 200 kilometers in diameter.This impact released an enormous amount of energy, excavatin g a crater about twice as large as the lunar crater Tycho. The e xplosion lifted about 100 trillion tons of dust into the atmosphere . Such a quantity of material would have blocked the sunlight co mpletely from reaching the surface, plunging Earth into a period of cold and darkness that lasted at least several months. The e xplosion is also calculated to have produced vast quantities of n itric acid (硝酸) and melted rock that sprayed out over much of Earth, startin g widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial for ests and grassland. Presumably, those environmental disasterscould have been responsible for the mass extinction, including the death of the dinosaurs.Several other mass extinctions in the geological record have be en tentatively identified with large impacts, but none is so dram atic as the Cretaceous event. But even without such specific do cumentation, it is clear that impacts of this size do occur and th at their results can be catastrophic. What is a catastrophe for o ne group of living things, however, may create opportunities for another group. Following each mass extinction, there is a sudd en evolutionary burst as new species develop to fill the ecologic al niches opened by the event.Impacts by meteorites represent one way that could cause glob al catastrophes and seriously influence the evolution of life all o ver the planet. According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions of species may be due to such impacts. Such a pers pective fundamentally changes our view of biological evolution. The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its succes s in competing with other species and adapting to slowly changi ng environments. Yet an equally important criterion is the ability of a species to survive random global ecological catastrophes due to impacts.5. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information t hat dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?A. To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of th e Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geologic al record.B. To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at th e time are believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cr etaceous.C. To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued b y the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous]D. To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to d isturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecologi cal disaster.6. According to paragraph 3, how did scientists determine that a large meteorite had impacted Earth?A. They discovered a large crater in the Yucat region of Mexico.B. They found a unique layer of sediment worldwide.C. They were alerted by archaeologists who had been excavati ng in the Yucat region.D. They located a meteorite with a mass of over a trillion tons.7. According to paragraph 4, all of the following statements are true of the impact at the end of the Cretaceous period EXCEPT:A. A large amount of dust blocked sunlight from Earth.B. Earth became cold and dark for several months.C. New elements were formed in Earth's crust.D. Large quantities of nitric acid were produced.8. The phrase tentatively identified in the passage is closest in t he meaning to ____________.A. identified without certaintyB. identified after careful studyC. occasionally identifiedD. easily identified9. Paragraph 6 supports which of the following statements abou t the factors that are essential for the survival of a species?A. The most important factor for the survival of a species is its a bility to compete and adapt to gradual changes in its environme nt.B. The ability of a species to compete and adapt to a gradually changing environment is not the only ability that is essential for survival.C. Since most extinctions of species are due to major meteorite impacts, the ability to survive such impacts is the most importa nt factor for the survival of a species.D. The factors that are most important for the survival of a species vary significantly from one species to another.参考答案 5-9 CBCAB第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 英语(一)试题 Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 . Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 . The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress andprovides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.　1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure 5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook 6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures 7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations 8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion 9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process 10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature 11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However 12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of 13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around 14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility 15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows 16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace 17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on 18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually 19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take 20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar 答案：1-5 ABDCA 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 DABAD 16-20 BDCCB答案解析：1. [标准答案] [A] [考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。

2024北京朝阳高三一模英语2024. 4（考试时间90分钟!满分100分）本试卷共10 页。

考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was hard not to notice an 8-year-old kid storming in and out of his own house. “He doesn’t have a father,” said his neighbor, William Dunn. “I can probably do something for him.”That something was fishing, a 1 Dunn’s father had shared with him. “It broug ht me peace and taught me how to be patient,” he said. He then took the kid fishing every weekend. Gradually he took groups of kids out to fish. Most didn’t have father figures. “They’d been through a lot, and their lives were 2 ,” said Dunn. “But when they were fishing, all of that disappeared. On the boat, they’d be laughing and making new friends. They just 3 the moment.”4 by this scene, Dunn started the nonprofit Take a Kid Fishing. He and the volunteers have introduced 2,500 kids—most without fathers5 —to the calming peace found on the water and the excitement of catching a fish.Just as important as the fishing are the 6 Dunn forms with those kids. When they have a rough time, Dunn will talk with them, emphasizing self-respect and mental 7 . One of the kids, Bella Smith, said she would forget about the past while fishing and concentrate on something positive. “Fishing is learning,” she said. “I’ve learned I 8 a better life than what I had. Whenever I feel down, I know it’s time to go fishing.”Dunn’s father passed away this year, so fishing has 9 new meaning for him. “I have a stronger liking for it because now I’m fatherless too. There’s nothing like feeling that first pull on the line and seeing a kid light up witha smil e,” said Dunn. “I feel 10 to witness that every weekend.”1. A. case B. passion C. duty D. goal2. A. difficult B. dramatic C. adventurous D. boring3. A. remembered B. regretted C. recorded D. appreciated4. A. Entertained B. Shocked C. Inspired D. Confused5. A. nearby B. around C. ahead D. throughout6. A.identities B. agreements C. relationships D. opinions7. A. toughness B. dependence C. sharpness D. defense8. A. require B. deserve C. lead D. secure9. A. left behind B. turned into C. carried out D. taken on10. A. curious B. nervous C. lucky D. hesitant第二节（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。