大学体验英语第二册

大学体验英语综合教程2（第二版）课后答案免费下载Unit 1Passage A3. 1 B 2 D 3B 4A 5A4. 1 elected2 minimum3 distinct4 responsibility5 pursue6 expoit7 restrict8 equip9 granted10 awarded5 1 at large2 on the basis of3 in support of4 apply for5 is aiming at6 1 At the meeting, the scholars raised some challenging questions for the city government.2 She had taken the money out of the joint account she had with her husband.3 They will be given a range of topics to choose from.4 To do this kind of experient needs specialized equipment.5 Learning to drive was a whole new venture for me.7 1 Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.2 A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester.3 On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking.4 The park is located right in the center of town.5 The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.8 1 Lu Xun is one of the greatest writer in China and one of the world’s outstanding men of letters.2 Most graduate students chose literature as their field of study, and the rest made linguistics their choice.3 People buy what kind of houses to live in on the basis of their special needs and on the advice for relevant experts.4 These virtual teaching facilities enable overseas students from Asia and Africa to learn a foreign language in a real-life situation for a minimum of three months.5 Students should check carefully that they are eligible to join this club before making their decision, as each of them is restricted to only one choice.Passage B11 1 Because a terrible tragedy took place in America on the morning of September 11th .2 Because the students will get to know more people with different backgrounds, cultures or beliefs.3 The university began to enrol students in 1891.4 He urged the students to begin their journey with intellectual discovery.5 Open.12 1 B 2 D 3A 4A 5B13 1 challenge2 had transformed3 engage4 occurred5 urged6 cancel7 prejudice8 foundation9 beliefs10 constructive14 1 rests with2 in recognition of3 in fact4 provides for5 keep--- up15 1 He knew in his heart that they would never meet again.2 He finally felt that he was on the road to success after they agreed to publish his first book.3 He stopped to take a sip of water and then resumed speaking.4 The big project engages us so much that we can’t manage to take a holiday this year.5 Just as water is the most important of liquids, oxgen is the most important of gases.17 1 return2 reconsider3 remain4 be5 were18 1 are---be2 was---were3 C4 is--- be5 composes--- compose19 1 ---be able to write---2 were---3 --- as if it were---4 --- indicate its subject5 --- be no longer than one page.Unit 2Passage A3. CAAAC4.1.version 2.publications 3.click 4.spotted5.refugees6.entries7.financial8.full-time9.detailed 10.annual5. 1.set5 up 2.came across 3.referred…to 4.check out 5.learnet of/learned of6. 1.career 2.interview 3.procedure 4.exhibit 5.profile7. 1 The policeman are busy filling out forms about the accident.2.I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car.3.If you want to make a compliment, you’d better follow the correct procedure.4.We couldn’t have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help.5.After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat.8. 1 He had just been pro moted to vice president of the company and wasn’t expecting another promotion in six months.2 Shortly after he graduated from school, he jumped to a satisfactory job.3 Most colleges and universities have their homepages, enabling applicants to scan for the information available about university they want to apply to.4 With a click of her mouse, she submitted her assignment to the tutor and soon got the reply.5 By accessing the website of the university she was going to study in, she saw color photos of the university, including a detailed map of the university campus.Passage B12. BDDCA13. 1 stressed 2 distinguished 3 invest 4 matured 5 covered 6 soured 7 concept 8 balance 9 discount 10 discipline14. 1 paid off 2 make ends meet 3 To this day 4 picked up 5 thanks to15.1. I’m not supposed to let anyone in without an ID card, but I’ll make an exception in your case.2. He has learned his lessons from the failure and won’t repeat the mistakes.3. I have great faith in your ability --- I’m sure you’ll succeed.4. Even though it was raining, we still went on with our match.5. I woke up to find myself lying on a hospital bed.16.1. At the University of Denver.2. In Colorado.3. Over the Rocky Mountains.4.Frome her window.5 Next month when she gets home.6 Share all the happiness and sadness they are feeling.7 She feels a little homesick.8 In the afternoon on Tuesday, December 1st.Keys to Unit 3Ex.3. 1 A 2 B 3 B 4 C 5 DEx.4 1 attractive 2 fascination 3 statement 4 despite 5 items6 define image 8 concerned 9 belongings 10 necessitiesEx. 5 1 step back 2 identified…with 3 dressing up 4 turned to/looked to 5 feed offEx. 6 1 fascination 2 victims 3 affect 4 means 5 consumptionEx.71 We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road.2. The rise in power costs has added to our burden.3. You should judge by yourself, and not always follow your brother’ s lead.4. That hairstyle is in fashion this year, but I am afraid it will be out of fashion next year.5. We are fated to suffer from many failures in our quest for truth.Ex. 81. I’ve never stopped to question whether I’m fit to be what my parents want me to be though I’ve always been listening to my parents.2. All the things one has done are influenced by what his habits, his personality, or his way of life tell him he needs to do so.3. College is a place where you can work with professors and scholars, so you can learn to be an expert in whatever field you want to be exploring.4. Although I look to magazines for fashion, I am still affected by the traditional dressing style.5. Because human nature makes us want to look nice, we follow the lead fashion models give us.Ex. 10People fall victim to advertising mainly for two reasons. First, human beings have their own weakness. People want to be popular, loved and fashionable. Therefore, they often turn to advertising to have a sense of security. Second, advertisers take advantage of human weakness. Through advertisements, they tell people what is new, what they should look like, what is cool, and what is hot. They constantly stimulate people to want things and to follow fashion. Eventually, people become victims of advertising even without realizing it.Ex. 12 1 D 2 B 3 D 4 D 5 BEx. 13 1 economic 2 estimated 3 measurable 4 inspired 5 maximize 6 motivate 7 individual 8 distribute 9 concerning 10 abusesEx. 14 1 by name 2 at a glance 3 to that end 4 speak for 5 take…actionEx. 151 I find it increasingly difficult to live within my incomes.2 Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.3 Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.4 Everyone in class is expected to participate in these discussions.5 If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.Ex. 161 The Wall Advertising Council, // a private, non-profit organization, // was founded to rally support // for World War II-related efforts.2 The Ad Council’s mission // is to identify // a select number of significant public issues // and stimulate action on those issues // through communications programs // that make a measurable difference // in our society.3 In 1995, // to maximize the impact of all of the campaigns, // The Ad Council’s Board of Directors // voted unanimously // to adopt a new.ten-year initiative // to help Americans // who can’t speak for themselves—our children.4 The Ad Council’s pledge // is to remain committed and vigilant // in establishing a foothold // for public service advertising // in a rapidly changing media landscape.5 These new messages are designed // to inform, inspire and involve all Americans // to participate in activities // that will strengthen the nation // and help win the war on terrorism.Ex. 17 1 but 2 so 3 for 4 and 5 orEx. 181 Teeth fascinate him, so Jack has decided to become a dentist.2 He will rent a small apartment by himself, or he will get a large place witha friend.3 Since the 1840s, American women had fought for the right to vote, yet they did not win that right until 1920.4 A curious crowd gathered on the sidewalk, and live models danced in the store window.5 They are the best p ool players on the block, but they can’t beat my cousin from Cleveland.Ex. 191 they are interesting, articulate people2 he sleeps with a light on in his room3 I took the test and got an A4 I won’t wear the ten-gallon hat5 we can stay later at the parkEx. 10FOR SALEWell-Built Mountain Bicycle(Almost New) RMB 150Add. Dorm Building 5, SCUTTel:Unit 4Passage AEx1.1-5 d c b b aEx 4.1.singal2.crash3.distress4.grace5.exploded6.collision7.lowered8. beamed9. scatter 10. destructionEx 5.1. combed through2. in any case3. ended in4. bound for5. on boardEx 6.1. crew2. to embrace3. eared4. scheduled5. was gracedEx 7.1. She waited at the bus stop until the last bus came in.2. If there is any way we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.3. How many crew does he need to sail his yacht?4. I enjoyed her new book though it’s not quite as good as her last one.5. Never before have I met such a kind person.Passage BEx112.1-5 T F F T FEx 13 .1. wandering2. unloading3.crushed4. slighted5. appreciation6. giant7. steer8. knell9. leaped 10. slammedEx 14.1. as good as new2. in the nick of time/ in time3. at play4. head for / make for5. put awayEx15.1. The bus slowed down and stopped to allow the passenger to get on board.2. Many vehicles rolled by, but no one offered us a ride.3. Please get off the grass.4. He made his way to the marketplace right after work, as his wife had asked him to do.5. Luckily, Steve didn’t break any bones when he fell off his bike.Unit 5Passage AExercise 3:B A DC AExercise 4:1. was sinking2. specialty3. purely4. discourage5. unlikely6. dynamics7. actually8. reasonably9. have perceived10. extendedExcise 5:1. took a deep interest in2. fell into3. sign up4. try…out5. dropped out ofExercise 6:1. capable2. claims3. guidance4. motivate5. standpointExercise 7:1. We have to put aside out emotions and take it from a professional standpoint.2. The play was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement of it.3. She hasn’t got any hobbies--- unless you call watching TV a hobby.4. He said that he got the information first—hand from the mayor himself.5. Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we'd better ask someone else.Exercise 8:1. How can we find a proper way to steer disabled people toward success?2. It’s true that she did something terrible before, but she was already puni shed for that and she’s willing to make it up for that.3. In college there were periods when I was highly focused on reading detective stories, but for most of my college years I read a wide range of books on nature.4. The gym isn't the only place where you can exercise so as to keep energetic.5. Staying motivated in your study can lead to success--- unless your choice ends up a dead end for your career.Exercise 12B D B D AExercise 131. bound2. sustain3. obstacle4. restored5. approval6. shift7. emphasize8. undergo9. invincible10. appearanceExercise 141. set out2. at a time3. in…shape4. stopped short5. turned toExercise 151. All the passengers pitched forward because the bus driver braked sharply.2. This agreement will break through the obstacles to free trade.3. The taxi arrived soon after I rang for it.4. My parents always waited up for me no matter what time I got home.5. Talks between the two countries completely broke down, because neither of them wanted to give in.Exercise 161. The paragraph is organized in time sequence.First of allFive months after the accidentThe next dayBy the fourth dayAfter three monthsBy the end of 19952. The order of his recovery process is as follows:He asked to be taken off the respirator and managed just 10 feeble breaths. He took a few more breaths.He was able to breathe seven minutes without assistance.He could sustain himself for 90 minutes at a time.He was able to go home.Exercise 171. that/which I bought at Macy’s2. who own the Main Street realty office3. which has become an annual event4. which we will study today5. who / that was wearing a yellow shirtExercise 181. who is standing at the door2. that is owned by the old lady3. which goes through the city4. that are on exhibition now5. who lives next doorExercise 191. Hockey, which is a fast-moving game, often becomes violent.’2. Down coats, which are very warm, are also very expensive.3. My brother, who took too much time packing, missed the bus.4. Henry caught a trout that was the largest fish ever recorded in Idaho.5. We laughed and looked through the yearbook that contained pictures of our school days together.Exercise 201. that we read more books2. that we go to England next year3. that English is easy to learn4. that you haven’t got these qualification5. that we buy the new car at this priceExercise 21Dear Mr. Wand,It is a great pleasure to learn of your admission to Cornell University. I heartily congratulate you on this honor. May you enjoy continued success in your future studies.Sincerely,Mike HadleyUnit 6Lead-in1. published2. fitness3. support4. leading to5. enjoyment6. challenge7. culture8. physical9. goal 10 preparationPassage AExercise 3 1.D, 2.A, 3.D, 4.C, 5.BExercise 4: 1. clapped 2. defend 3. quit 4. perfection 5. interviewed6. survey7. exclusive8. storage9. observed 10. coverExercise 5 1. count ... out 2. be unaware of 3. stopped in his tracks 4. at times 5. turn ... aroundExercise 6medal— He was awarded a medal for his heroic deed of saving a drowning child.—Britain’s Olympic team returned from Los Angeles with five gold medals, 11 silver and 21 bronze.air terminal— A free shuttle bus runs between the air terminal and the train station.— Many passengers were stuck at the air terminal building because of the foggy weather。

Unit 1 F a m o u s U n i v e r s i t i e sListen and TalkDirections: Listen to the following paragraphs and decide which picture is described in detail.These six pictures show one of the faces of six famous universities. Discuss them with your classmates.1.How much do you know about Oxford University?2.What do you know about John Harvard and his statue at Harvard University?3.What other famous universities around the world can you describe to your classmates?Read and Explore• Passage A Oxford University▲Lead-in pictures1 Students at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, prepare to receive their academic degrees. The sashes of their gowns are lined with different colors of silk, designating each student’s respective college or field of study.2 Sundial on College Building3 Quad of Balliol College, Oxford▲L e a d-i n Q u e s t i o n s1. What do you know about Oxford University? Share what you know with each other.2. How do you like your university professors and lecturers to do their teaching?3. Have you ever received a scholarship? Do you think universities should try their best to provide their students with more scholarships? Explain.Related Information1U n i t e d K i n g d o mUnited Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. England is the largest and most populous division of the island of Great Britain, making up the south and east. Wales is on the west and Scotland is to the north. Northern Ireland is located in the northeast corner of Ireland, the second largest island in the British Isles. The capital of the United Kingdom is the city of London, situated near the southeastern tip of England.2E n g l a n dEngland is a political division of the island of Great Britain and the principal division of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It occupies all of the island east of Wales and south of Scotland, other divisions of the island of Great Britain.3L o n d o nLondon is the capital of the United Kingdom. It is situated in southeastern England along the Thames River. With a population of about 7 million, this vast metropolis is by far the largest city in Europe, a distinction it has maintained since the 17th century.4T h e H o u s e s o f P a r l i a m e n tThe Houses of Parliament by the river Thames in London.There are two Houses in the Parliament-the House of Lords and the House of Commons, where the elected members of Parliament meet.The words "Parliament" and "the House of Commons" indicate what its function was in the past and what it is still today. It's a place for debates between, on the one hand, the government (used to be the king) and on the other hand, the representatives of the communities: the communes, the commons, into which the country was divided. They used to come together to have a dialogue. The king wanted their support and their taxes and they wanted the king to follow their policies and to redress any local grievances. That's what it was in the past, centuries ago and that's what it still is today: a place for debates.Words and Expressions1. represent: stand for or be a sign or symbol ofExamples:• The foreign minister represented the country at the conference.• Each dot on my map represents a town.2. consist of: (no passive) be made up ofExamples:• The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.• That area's future weather pattern might consist of long, dry periods.3. establish: set upExamples:• Father established this business forty years ago.• Public schools for girls were established in some places.4. elect: choose (somebody) by votingExamples:• They elected him to represent them.• We must urge that delegates be elected from the various factories in a district.5. facility: aids, circumstances, which make it easy to do thingsExamples:• One of the facilities our students have is a large library.• This kitchen has a garbage disposal and other modern facilities.6. assign: give as a share or dutyExamples:• They assigned me a small room.• Two pupils were assigned to sweep the floor.7. enable: make ableExamples: • This train enables me to get there in time.• This would enable them to double their output of machine guns.8. apply: write to ask for (a job, membership, etc.)Examples: • He has applied for a post in England.• I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.9. demonstrate: show clearly by giving proof(s) or example(s)Examples:• The salesman demonstrated the new washing-machine to the customers.• These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country.10. enrich: make rich, improve (in quality, flavor, etc.)Examples:•An education enriches the mind.• American culture has been enriched by European immigrants.11. at large: as a wholeExamples:• The people at large wanted peace.• The country at large is hoping for great changes.12. benefit from / by: gain by; receive advantage fromExamples:• Who would be most likely to benefit from the old man's death?• You will benefit by taking a holiday.Notes to the Text1. Each student at Oxford is assigned to a tutor, who supervises the student's program of study, primarily through tutorials. (para. 4)Each Oxford student has a private supervisor who advices and instructs the student in a one-to-one basis.在牛津，每个学生都配有一个导师，主要通过导师制监督学生的学习。

教学目标：1. 学生能够听懂并掌握关于个人介绍的基本词汇和句型。

2. 学生能够运用所学词汇和句型进行简单的口语交流。

3. 培养学生的听说能力和跨文化交流意识。

教学重点：1. 个人介绍的基本词汇和句型。

2. 听说能力的培养。

教学难点：1. 学生对词汇和句型的熟练运用。

2. 跨文化交流意识的培养。

教学准备：1. 多媒体课件。

2. 听力材料。

3. 练习材料。

教学过程：一、导入1. 利用图片、视频等方式展示个人介绍的场景，激发学生的学习兴趣。

2. 引导学生回顾上节课所学内容，为新课做铺垫。

二、新课讲授1. 词汇教学：- 介绍与个人介绍相关的词汇，如：name、age、birthplace、hobbies、school等。

- 通过图片、例句等方式帮助学生理解和记忆词汇。

2. 句型教学：- 介绍与个人介绍相关的句型，如：My name is...；I am...years old；I come from...；I like...等。

- 通过对话、角色扮演等方式让学生熟悉句型。

3. 听力训练：- 播放听力材料，让学生听懂并回答问题。

- 引导学生总结听力材料中的关键信息。

4. 口语练习：- 让学生进行小组讨论，互相介绍自己的基本信息。

- 鼓励学生运用所学词汇和句型进行口语交流。

三、巩固练习1. 完成课后练习，巩固所学知识。

2. 教师布置作业，要求学生在课后进行口语练习。

四、课堂小结1. 回顾本节课所学内容，强调重点和难点。

2. 鼓励学生在日常生活中运用所学知识。

五、课后作业1. 完成课后练习。

2. 准备一篇关于自己的短文，下节课进行分享。

教学反思：本节课通过词汇、句型、听力、口语等多种教学方式，帮助学生掌握个人介绍的相关知识。

在教学过程中，应注意以下几点：1. 注重学生的听说能力培养，鼓励学生积极参与课堂活动。

2. 注重跨文化交流意识的培养，引导学生关注不同文化背景下的交流方式。

3. 及时关注学生的学习情况，针对性地进行辅导。

大学体验英语综合教程2第二版课程设计一、概述《大学体验英语综合教程2》第二版课程设计是依据学生英语学习的普遍需求及现代教育教学思想而设计的课程。

该课程设计旨在提高学生英语听、说、读、写四项综合能力和应用能力，使学生能够在日常生活、学习和工作中熟练运用英语，具备一定的跨文化交际能力。

该课程设计共分为四个模块，分别是阅读、听力、口语和写作。

每个模块都包含了多个单元，每个单元针对不同的主题，通过多种形式的教学手段和活动，帮助学生达到预期的学习目标。

二、课程目标1.提高学生英语听、说、读、写四项综合能力和应用能力。

2.培养学生的跨文化交际能力和批判性思维能力。

3.通过多种形式的学习和活动，激发学生学习英语的热情和兴趣。

4.培养学生独立思考和解决问题的能力。

三、课程结构阅读阅读模块旨在提高学生的阅读能力和阅读理解能力。

该模块共包含8个单元，每个单元针对不同的话题，通过多种形式的文本进行阅读训练，如报纸文章、科技文章、小说章节等。

在每个单元中，学生需要完成一些与文本相关的填空、选择或其他形式的题目，同时也需要进行口头或书面的形式的讨论和分析，以加深对文本内容的理解和记忆。

听力听力模块旨在提高学生的听力能力和听力理解能力。

该模块共包含8个单元，每个单元针对不同的话题，通过多种形式的听力材料进行听力训练，如录音讲座、新闻广播、英语电影及音乐等。

在每个单元中，学生需要完成一些与听力材料相关的填空、选择或其他形式的题目，同时也需要进行口头或书面的形式的讨论和分析，以加深对听力材料的理解和记忆。

口语口语模块旨在提高学生的口语能力和表达能力。

该模块共包含8个单元，每个单元针对不同的话题，通过多种形式的口语练习进行口语训练，如角色扮演、讲座演讲、小组讨论和辩论等。

在每个单元中，学生需要准备一些口头表达材料，并以小组或个人形式进行表达，同时也需要进行同伴和老师的个别或整体形式的反馈和评价，以帮助学生不断改善口语表达能力。

写作写作模块旨在提高学生的写作能力和文笔水平。

Chapter 1教育：社会的反思（杜亚-译）探访学校，在世界任何地方，你可能会注意到若干相似之处。

学生，教师，课本，黑板和考试无处不在。

然而，在任何其他国家相比一个国家的学校制度是不同于别的的系统。

它不能完全一样的，因为每个文化是不同的。

教育系统是一面镜子，反映文化。

看看学校系统，你将看到的社会结构及其文化价值。

墨西哥在墨西哥，教育系统反映了国家的许多方面。

相信国家能够通过教育实现人人平等的权利。

墨西哥的教育系统的基础是国家的宪法，并于1917年写的。

它要求教育是免费的，强制性的，具有普遍性。

它还指出，教育应支持民族团结，导致社会，经济和文化的人民改善。

在较低的水平，这意味着有该国丰富的文化历史的重视。

孩子写历史论文，参加各种活动，为国家节日，阅读有关国家英雄 - 特别是土著人。

然而，我们很难提供在农村地区，那里的土著人民仍然生活教育。

在这些地区的人民是贫穷和孤立的地理位置。

没有足够的学校，农村教师必须能够教小学所有6个等级。

此外，在一些土著人民的传统通常不包括上学。

日本日本高度重视教育。

一项统计数字反映了这一点：日本教育等放在重要的是，百分之88的学生不仅完成小学，而且高中。

公立学校都是免费和平等的，所有学生被认为是平等的，学习相同的材料。

对于社会的原因，很重要的一个学生获得大学学位，并从“大学学位的权利。

”为了实现这一目标，学生必须通过“考试地狱。

”有入学的所有大学困难的考试，到更好的小学和中学很多，甚至一些幼儿园！日本学生需要伟大的纪律，以使他们在学习的时间，他们需要自我控制放弃嗜好，体育和社会生活。

这些考试的结果会影响整个家庭，因为有很高的地位，社会地位或为整个家庭，当孩子考试分数高。

英国在联合王国（英国），教育系统反映了复合系统。

所有公立学校，小学，中学和大学，都是免费的，首先是平等的9年，所有学生学习相同的材料。

11岁时，学生参加考试的一个重要的国家。

在此之后，他们参加一个中学三种可能：学院的筹备，职业（就业培训），或全面（与两组的学生）。

Unit 1Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．International business is a term used to collectively describe all commercial transactions (private and governmental, sales, investments, logistics, and transportation) that take place between two or more nations. Usually, private companies 1) __undertake____ such transactions for profit; governments for profit and for political reasons. It refers to all business activities which involve cross 2) border____ transactions of goods, services and resources between two or more nations. Transaction of economic resources include capital, skills, people, etc. for international production of physical goods, and services such as finance, banking, 3) ___ insurance construction, etc.The increase in international business and in foreign 4) investment___has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in 5) _negotiation__ in an international arena as their foreign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to 6) ___participate___in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation.In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been 7identified that undermine the negotiator’s position, two of which, in particular, are directness and 8) impatience. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits.9) In order to solidify the relationship, they may choose indirect interactions Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. 10) without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.Unit 2Home．．．．．．．．．．．．．ListeningToday’s leading Chinese brands must learn how to create and manage their brand value on a global scale. It is time for them to re-think their global brand 1) _ strategy, and follow the best practices of the world’s most powerful multi-national brands. While we are still several years away from a Chinese brand appearing on Interbrand’s Best Global Brands, the lessons from the 2) __annualranking are clear — great brands know their strengths and weaknesses and plot effective strategies to 3)___ sustain and improve their value in the future. With the downturn of the global economy, the transformation of the ―Made in China‖ label and the acceptance of Chinese brands overseas can not be made 4) _overnight The first challenge is to improve the quality and safety of all Chinese products. The definition and enforcement of strict 5) standards and the active engagement in environmental protection is a social responsibility for any global player, and a pre-requisite for changing consumer 6) __perceptions overseas.The Chinese government can play a very special role in these difficult times. Leadership means taking short term actions to spur 7) _domesticdemand and enhance the competitiveness of exports. But leadership also means creating a national agenda — like 8)_____innovation_in Japan, design in Korea or engineering in Germany — that serves as a guiding light for Chinese companies eager to make their brand mark on global markets. Now is the 9) ___critical moment for Chinesegovernment and business_Leaders to consider the next stage of ernment and business leaders to consider the next stage of growth. This transformation must not only take place in areas such as technology, quality control and international cooperation, but in brand creation and brand management. Asian companies like Toyota, Sony, Samsung and Hyundai 10) ___which have already traveled the globalization path know that brand value is the key to unlocking shareholder value. Graduate unemployment has increased by 44% in 12 months and is now at its1)highest in 12 years, according to research released today.Some 7.9% of students who left university in 2008 were out of work in January, the Higher Education Careers Services Unit (HECSU) found, up from 5.5% the 2) ___previous year. HECSU warned the picture could be even worse for those graduating this year. The last time levels of 3)__joblessness__ were so high was in 1995–96.The research found that 4) _recruitment_in the public sector bucked the downward graduate employment 5) _trend___, with the number of graduates entering 6) _healthcare teaching and social work increasing.But 7)architecture and building graduates were hit particularly badly, 8) _reflecting the slump in the construction industry, with unemployment nearly tripling from 2.9% in 2007 to 8.5% for those who left in 2008. The proportion of civil engineering graduates without a job increased from 2.4% to 7%.9) ___The proportion of graduates employed in business or financial work fell to7.5%, compared with 8.7% the year before.And the number working as financial and investment advisers or mortgage consultants dropped 19%, with only 1,700 of the 220,065 graduates surveyed getting that kind of job, compared with 2,100 in 2007. 10) ___Among those who revealed how much they earned, the average salary was_£19,677 — up 2% from 2007._. But Scotland saw a rise of 5.6%, to an average of £19,953 —higher than the £19,561 reported in the south-east, traditionally the highest-paid region after London.Unit 3Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．Graduate unemployment has increased by 44% in 12 months and is now at its 1) highest in 12 years, according to research released today.Some 7.9% of students who left university in 2008 were out of work in January, the Higher Education Careers Services Unit (HECSU) found, up from 5.5% the 2) previous year. HECSU warned the picture could be even worse for those graduating this year. The last time levels of 3)joblessness were so high was in 1995–96.The research found that 4)recruitment in the public sector bucked the downward graduate employment 5) trend, with the number of graduates entering 6) healthcare，teaching and social work increasing.But 7) architecture and building graduates were hit particularly badly, 8) reflecting the slump in the construction industry, with unemployment nearly tripling from 2.9% in 2007 to 8.5% for those who left in 2008. The proportion of civil engineering graduates without a job increased from 2.4% to 7%.9)The proportion of graduates employed in business or financial work fell to 7.5%, compared with 8.7% the year before. And the number working as financial and investment advisers or mortgage consultants dropped 19%, with only 1,700 of the 220,065 graduates surveyed getting that kind of job, compared with 2,100 in 2007.10)Among those who revealed how much they earned, the average salary was_£19,677 — up 2% from 2007. But Scotland saw a rise of 5.6%, to an average of £19,953 — higher than the £19,561 reported in the south-east, traditionally the highest-paid region after London.Unit 4Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．The study, from Stanford University in the United States, makes gloomyasse ssments about the future health of the world’s coral reefs. It finds that carbondioxide 1) __emissions_ are making seawater so acidic that coral reefs could begin to disintegrate within a few 2)__decades_. The report states that even ambitious plans to stabilize greenhouse gas emissions, thought by many to be the main 3) ____cause__ of a warming climate, will not be enough to save the reefs. About a third of carbon emissions is soaked up by the world’s oceans, where it 4) _combines__ with seawater to form carbonic acid.The research comes as the Queensland state government in Australia 5) _announces__ a new plan to protect the Great Barrier Reef from 6) __agricultural pollution. The iconic reef is being damaged by pesticides and sediment from farms that seep into waterways. The Queensland government is to spend an 7) _extra_ $30,000,00 to reduce this hazardous run-off. Farmers also will face tougher 8)_environmental_regulations. Queensland Premier Anna Bligh says that man-madethreats present serious challenges to the reef, which is a world heritage site.Coral reefs are common in warm southern and equatorial oceans, and provide homes and feeding grounds for thousands of species, 9) ___including fish that are__important to the diets of millions of people in the developing world. In Asia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea are among the many countries that rely on reefs to provide food and to draw in tourists eager to explore the ocean.Environmental groups welcome the Queensland plan to protect the Great Barrier Reef. 10)_Farmers, however, argue that they have already taken significant steps to stop_the spread of pollutants from their landsUnit 5Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．A person’s motivation is combination of desire and energy directed at achievinga goal. 1)influencing someone’s motivation means getting him or her to want to do what you know must be done.People can be motivated by beliefs, values, interests, fear, 2)_worthy_ causes, and other such forces. Some of these forces are 3) internal_, such as needs, interests, and beliefs. Others are external, such as danger, the environment, or 4)_pressure_ from a loved one. There is no simple formula for motivation — you must keep an open viewpoint on human nature. There is a 5)_complex_array of forces steering the direction of each person, and these forces cannot always be seen or studied. Also, if the same forces are steering two different people, each one will act differently. Knowing that different people react to different needs will 6) guide your decisions and actions in certain situations.As a leader you have the power to influence motivation. You should allow the needs of your people to coincide with the needs of your organization. Nearlyall people are influenced by the need for job 7)__security__promotion, raises, and approval from their peers and leaders. Internal forces such as values, morals andethics also influence them. Likewise, the organization needs good people in a wide variety of jobs. Ensure that your people are trained, 8) _encouraged_, and provided the opportunity to grow. Ensure that the way you conduct business has the same values, morals and ethical principles that you seek in your people. 9) _If you conduct business in a dishonest manner, your people will be dishonest to you You should also reward good behavior. 10) _Although a certificate, letter or a thank you may seem small, they can be powerful motivators.The reward should be specific and prompt. Do not say, ―for doing a good job.‖ Cite the specific action thatmade you believe it was a good job. In addition, help your people who are good. We all make mistakes or need help to achieve a particular goal.Unit 6Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．We all know of cases where negative fan behavior has driven some athletes to perform at less than their best o r perhaps even knock them completely out of a competition. ―Athleteswant to live up to a high paying 1)__contract__as well as fan expectations. It is the same with Olympians who 2) _strive_ to live up to expectations.Athletes may say they are immune to fans, but we know better. They are like teenagers who say they don’t care what their parents think,‖ said Daniel L. Wann, who heads the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) Special Interest Group on Fandom.According to Wann, there has been a good deal of research on fans and their ability to pump up the home team or negatively 3)_impact____on the visiting team. ―Some athletes thrive under this pressure and others don’t. This is where a sports psychology 4)_consultant__ can help.‖ Wann has b een studying the psychology of sports spectators since the mid 1980s, with a particular interest in fan identification (i.e., a fan’s psychological connection to a team), spectator 5)_violence, and the actions of parents as spectators at youth sporting events.A Professor of Psychology at Murray State, Wann works with athletes, teachingthem how to 6)_ address fan behavior. He helps them develop their mental abilities, while the coaches focus on their physical skills. ―The key is for 7)__athletes to learn tocompartmentalize what they pay attention to, to be able to tune out the fans but not the coaches. They need to be 8)_ selective between valuable information (from coaches or teammates) versus noise (from fans).‖Just as athletes are involved in their sports for a variety of reasons, fans are motivated for different reasons. 9) It is important to remember that fans are driven_by a variety of motives.You can’t paint them with one brush stroke. Some are driven by the entertainment of the sports, some want to see a good contest. 10) _Some are there for social reasons, while others_are there to see beautiful plays.Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．Capitol Hill Village is one model of innovative programs designed to 9) allow senior_citizens to remain in their homes and part of their communities.William Daroff of United Jewish Communities says, ―10)Our older Americans can be seen as a great resource_If you look back at how we dealt with folks who were aging 20, 30 years ago, it wasn’t very creative, not very innovative. But today’s 70 year old is more like yesterday’s 50 year old.‖Unit 7Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．Traditionally, retirement communities and nursing homes have been the destination of senior citizens. But more and more older Americans want to grow old in familiar 1)_surroundings To them, the focus is on staying in their own homes and living in a community with neighbors who have babies or school age children.It is a 2)trend called aging-in-place. But, many people recognize, to remain in their home as long as possible, they are going to need some help. So, they have joined a group called Capitol Hill Village.This is a fee-based organization aimed 3) _primarily at senior citizens. Its executive director, Gail Kohn, organizes volunteers to help members, and if they need 4)_additional services, she manages a referral list of reliable 5) _contractors.. ―We have a vendor andthat vendor is going to provide a service and then we 6) arrange with the vendor to call our member,‖ she explains.Kohn coordinates volunteers and finds 7) reliable plumbers, electricians and other repairmen for her senior citizen members. ―We aim at helping them do what needs to be done in order for them to live as 8)_comfortably as possible.‖Capitol Hill Village is one model of innovative programs designed to 9) allow senior_citizens to remain in their homes and part of their communities.William Daroff of United Jewish Communities says, ―10)Our older Americans can be seen as a great resource_If you look back at how we dealt with folks who were aging 20, 30 years ago, it wasn’t very creative, not very innovative. But today’s 70 year old is more like yesterday’s 50 year old.‖Unit 8Home Listening．．．．．．．．．．．．．1) __Traditional computer viruses were first widely seen in the late 1980s, and they came about because of several factors. The first factor was the spread of personal computers (PCs). Prior to the 1980s, home computers were nearly non-existent or they were toys. Real computers were rare, and they were locked away for use by 2)_experts During the 1980s, real computers started to spread to businesses and homes because of the 3) popularity__of the IBM PC (released in 1982) and the Apple Macintosh (released in 1984). By the late 1980s, PCs were widespread in businesses, homes and college 4)___campuses.The second factor was the use of computer bulletin boards. People could dial up a bulletin board with a modem and download programs of all types. Games were extremely popular, and so were simple word 5) _processor_spreadsheets and other 6) _productivity software. Bulletin boards led to the precursor of the virus known as the Trojan horse. A Trojan horse is a program with a cool-sounding name and 7) __description . so it tricks people into downloadingWhen you run the program, however, it does something ―uncool‖ like erasing your disk. You think you are getting a neat game, but it wipes out your system. Trojan horses only hit a small number of people because they are quickly discovered, the 8)__infected programs are removed and word of the danger spreads among users.The third factor that led to the creation of viruses was the floppy disk. In the1980s, programs were small, 9)_and you could fit the entire operating system . a few programs and some documents onto a floppy disk or two. Many computers did not have hard disks, so when you turned on your machine it would load the operating system and everything else from the floppy disk. 10) _Virus authors took_advantage of this to create the first self-replicating programs.。

大学体验英语综合教程2（第二版）1A1任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票(vote)。

(be eligible to)Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.2.每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。

(apply for, scholarship)A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester.3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。

(on the advice of)On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking.4.公园位于县城的正中央。

(be located in)The park is located right in the center of town.5.这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。

(facilities)The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.2A1. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。

(fill out)Answer:The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident.2.我想在还车之前把油箱(fuel tank)加满。

(fill up)Answer:I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car.3.如果你要投诉，最好遵循正确的程序。

(follow the procedure)Answer:If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure.4.要不是约翰帮忙，我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。