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新视野大学英语Book II课后练习题答案Unit 1Section ALanguage focus3.Words in use1.condense2.exceed3.deficit4.exposure5.asset6.adequatepetent8.adjusting9.precisely 10.beneficial4.Word buildingWords learned new words formed-al/ialmanager managerialeditor editorialsubstantial substancesurvive survivaltraditional traditionmarginal margin-cyConsistent consistencyAccurate accuracyEfficiency efficient-yRecover recoveryMinister ministryassemble assembly5.1.editorial2.recovery3.accuracy4.substance5.managerial6.margin7.assembly8.Ministry9.survival 10.tradition11.consistency 12.efficient6.Banked cloze1.L2.C3.J4.A5.I6.O7.N8.E9.H 10.F7.Expressions in use1.feel obliged to2.be serious about3.run into4.distinguish between5.thrust upon6.was allergic to7.get lost8.be attracted to9.make sense 10.looked upon as9.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。
My school life is a vibrant tapestry of learning,socializing,and personal growth. Each day,I embark on a new adventure within the walls of my educational institution, which is not just a place for academics but also a hub for developing lifelong skills and friendships.Classes and Learning:My school day begins with a variety of classes that cater to my intellectual curiosity.From the intricacies of mathematics to the eloquence of literature, each subject offers a unique perspective on the world.Our teachers are not just educators but also mentors who guide us through the complexities of our studies,encouraging us to think critically and creatively.Extracurricular Activities:Beyond the classroom,my school offers a plethora of extracurricular activities that allow me to explore my interests and talents.Whether its participating in the school band,joining the debate club,or being part of the sports team, these activities provide a break from the academic rigor and help in building teamwork, leadership,and time management skills.Social Interactions:School is also a place where I interact with a diverse group of peers. The friendships Ive formed are a source of support and joy.We share notes,study together,and often engage in lively discussions about our classes,current events,and our future aspirations.These social interactions are crucial for my emotional wellbeing and personal development.Cultural Events and Celebrations:My school regularly hosts cultural events and celebrations that enrich our understanding of different traditions and customs.These events,such as international days,art exhibitions,and theater performances,not only showcase the talents of our fellow students but also foster a sense of community and appreciation for diversity.Personal Growth and Challenges:Throughout my school life,I encounter challenges that test my resilience and adaptability.Whether its a difficult exam,a disagreement with a friend,or a failure in a project,these experiences teach me valuable lessons about perseverance,problemsolving,and the importance of a positive attitude.Future Goals and Aspirations:My school life is not just about the present but also about preparing for the future.The knowledge I gain and the experiences I have are instrumental in shaping my career goals and aspirations.I am constantly encouraged to set high standards for myself and to dream big.In conclusion,my school life is a dynamic and enriching experience that goes beyond thepursuit of academic excellence.It is a journey of discovery,growth,and the formation of lasting memories that will undoubtedly shape who I am and who I will become.。
The Biology Club is a vibrant and engaging extracurricular group that brings together students with a shared passion for the natural world and the study of life.Heres a detailed introduction to what the club entails:Objectives of the Biology Club:The primary goal of the Biology Club is to foster a deeper understanding and appreciation of biology among its members.It aims to provide a platform for students to explore various aspects of biology,from cellular processes to the behavior of complex organisms.Membership:Open to students of all grade levels,the club encourages participation from beginners to those with advanced knowledge in the field.Members are expected to show a genuine interest in learning and contributing to the clubs activities.Activities:1.Lectures and Workshops:The club regularly organizes lectures by guest speakers, including university professors and professionals in the field of biology.These sessions cover a wide range of topics,from genetics to ecology.2.Field Trips:To complement theoretical knowledge,the club organizes field trips to local parks,nature reserves,and sometimes even further afield to national parks or research facilities.b Experiments:Members have the opportunity to conduct handson experiments in school laboratories,learning about various biological processes and techniques.munity Outreach:The club is involved in community service activities,such as environmental education programs in local schools or participating in cleanup drives in natural habitats.5.Research Projects:For more advanced members,the club provides guidance and resources to undertake independent research projects,which can be presented at school science fairs or even published in academic journals.6.Social Events:To build a sense of community among members,the club also organizes social events,such as movie nights featuring biological themes or group visits to science museums.Leadership Opportunities:The Biology Club offers leadership roles such as president,vicepresident,secretary,and treasurer,which are elected positions.These roles provide students with valuable experience in organizing events,managing budgets,and leading a team.Meetings:Regular meetings are held weekly or biweekly,depending on the clubs schedule and the academic calendar.These meetings are used to discuss upcoming events,share research findings,and plan for the clubs future activities.Impact:Participation in the Biology Club not only enriches students understanding of biology but also helps develop critical thinking,research skills,and a sense of environmental stewardship.It also provides a supportive community for students to share their interests and learn from one another.Joining the Club:Students interested in joining the Biology Club can do so by attending an introductory meeting or contacting the clubs faculty advisor.There may be a small membership fee to cover the costs of materials and activities.In conclusion,the Biology Club is an excellent way for students to delve deeper into the fascinating world of biology,make new friends with similar interests,and contribute positively to their community and the environment.。
Joining a club is an excellent way to meet new people,develop new skills,and pursue interests outside of your regular routine.Heres a detailed English composition on the topic:Title:The Benefits of Joining a ClubIntroduction:In todays fastpaced world,where people are often consumed by their daily routines and work,joining a club can be a refreshing change.It offers a platform to connect with likeminded individuals,learn new things,and make lasting memories.Paragraph1:Social BenefitsOne of the primary reasons to join a club is the social aspect.Clubs are communities where individuals with similar interests gather.Whether its a book club,a sports team,or a hobby group,you can find a sense of belonging and make friends who share your passions.This social interaction can lead to a more fulfilling life and can even help reduce stress and anxiety.Paragraph2:Skill DevelopmentClubs are also an excellent place to learn and improve skills.For instance,a chess club can help you become a better strategist,a photography club can enhance your artistic vision,and a language club can improve your linguistic abilities.The structured environment of a club often provides opportunities for workshops,seminars,and mentorship,which can accelerate your learning process.Paragraph3:Personal GrowthParticipating in a club can contribute to personal growth in various ways.It can boost your confidence as you take on new challenges and responsibilities within the club. Leadership roles,for example,can teach you valuable management and organizational skills.Additionally,clubs often encourage members to step out of their comfort zones, fostering personal development and resilience.Paragraph4:Networking OpportunitiesClubs can serve as a networking hub,providing access to a network of professionals and enthusiasts in your field of interest.This can be particularly beneficial for students and professionals looking to advance their careers or make connections in their industry. Networking can lead to job opportunities,collaborations,and valuable insights from experienced individuals.Paragraph5:Health and WellbeingFor those who join sports clubs or fitness groups,the benefits extend to physical health and wellbeing.Regular participation in sports or physical activities can improve cardiovascular health,increase strength and flexibility,and contribute to overall mental health by reducing stress and promoting a positive mindset.Conclusion:In conclusion,joining a club is a multifaceted experience that can enrich your life in numerous ways.It provides a platform for social interaction,skill development,personal growth,networking,and health benefits.Whether youre looking to make new friends, learn a new skill,or simply want to be part of a community,finding the right club to join can be a rewarding decision.Final Thoughts:Remember,the key to getting the most out of a club is active participation.Dont hesitate to take on roles,contribute ideas,and engage with other members.The more you put into the club,the more you will get out of it in return.This composition highlights the various benefits of joining a club,from social to personal growth,and encourages readers to consider the positive impact it can have on their lives.。
《文献检索》第八章循证医学证据检索循证医学证据检索的来源目录CONTENTS 1.循证医文献类型、资源分布与检索2.循证医学证据来源3.循证医学证据网络资源4.获取循证医学证据的最佳途径1. 循证医学的文献类型、资源分布与检索循证医学文献的类型RCT 随机对照试验Meta-analysis 荟萃分析Systematic reviews 系统性的综述Cochrane reviews 科克伦评论Review of effects or clinical trails回顾疗效或临床试验循证医学资源分布☐系统综述和实践指南☐概述性循证医学资源☐问题性质、证据来源、评估标准、评估结果☐综合性生物医学文献数据库☐正在进行的科学研究信息检索技术使用《MeSH》词数据库中的逻辑运算符制定检索策略(1)PICO程式化(2)根据不同类型资源，制定相应的检索策略PICO的解释例如：根尖周病变(牙根管感染)接受牙髓治疗，不使用氢氧化钙封药的一次性牙髓治疗与进行氢氧化钙封药多次就诊的治疗效果相比，是否前者的治愈(成功)率较低(通过临床和X线检查)？问题(Problem)是根尖周病干预(Intervention)是牙髓治疗比较(Comparison)是一次性牙髓治疗和多次就诊的牙髓治疗结果(Outcome)是两种治疗设计的治愈率2. 循证医学证据来源（1）证据来源——原始研究证据PubMed、Embase中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）中国循证医学中心数据库由中国循证医学/Cochrane中心组织建立和更新的以中文发表的临床干预性随机对照试验和诊断试验数据库，已收录试验2万余条国立研究注册(The National Research Register，NRR)是一个由英国国立卫生服务部（National Health Service NHS）资助或关注的在研或新近完成的临床试验的数据库（2）证据来源——二次研究数据库Cochrane图书馆(科克伦Cochrane Library，CL) Ovid循证医学数据库BMJ的Best Practice美国国立卫生研究院卫生技术评估与导向发布数据库（3）证据来源——期刊循证医学杂志（Evidence-Based Medicine，EBM）双月刊，由BMJ和美国内科医生学院联合主办美国内科医生学院杂志联合（ACP Journal Club）双月刊，由ACP和美国内科协会（ASIM）联合主办Bandolier 单月刊，由NHS主办。
Journal Club结合PBL教学法在药学专业本科实习生科研能力培养中的应用和实践【摘要】这篇文章主要介绍了在药学专业本科实习生教育中，通过Journal Club和PBL教学法相结合的方式，促进科研能力的培养。
首先分析了Journal Club和PBL教学法在药学教育中的应用，以及二者结合的优势。
随后通过实践案例分析了Journal Club结合PBL教学法在药学专业本科实习生科研能力培养中的具体做法和效果。
最后总结了这种教学模式的效果和意义，并提出了展望和建议。
通过本文的研究，可以为药学专业本科实习生的科研能力培养提供有益的借鉴和指导。
【关键词】关键词：Journal Club, PBL教学法, 药学专业本科实习生, 科研能力培养, 教育应用, 实践案例, 效果与意义, 展望与建议.1. 引言1.1 背景介绍药学专业本科实习生科研能力培养是药学教育中的重要环节，也是培养学生综合素质和创新能力的关键一步。
传统的药学实习教育往往注重理论知识的传授和实践技能的培养，但对学生科研能力的培养相对不足。
随着社会发展和医药技术的不断更新，药学专业本科实习生需要具备独立思考和科学研究的能力，才能适应未来药学领域的发展需要。
本研究旨在探讨Journal Club结合PBL教学法在药学专业本科实习生科研能力培养中的应用和实践，以期为药学专业教育的改进提供参考和借鉴。
通过引入这种创新教学方式，希望能够激发学生的学习热情，提高他们的科研能力和创新思维，从而为未来药学领域的人才培养奠定更坚实的基础。
1.2 研究目的本研究的目的是探讨如何通过结合Journal Club和PBL教学法的方式来提高药学专业本科实习生的科研能力。
具体来说，我们希望通过分析Journal Club在药学专业本科实习生教育中的应用和PBL教学法在药学专业本科实习生教育中的应用，探讨两者结合的优势，并在实践中验证该教学模式对药学本科实习生科研能力的影响。
School clubs are an integral part of the educational experience,offering students a chance to explore their interests,develop new skills,and foster a sense of community. Heres a detailed look at the various aspects of school clubs and their impact on students.Introduction to School ClubsSchool clubs are organized groups that focus on a specific interest or activity.They can range from academic to recreational,and are often run by students with the guidance of a faculty advisor.These clubs provide a platform for students to engage in activities they are passionate about,outside the regular curriculum.Types of School Clubs1.Academic Clubs:These include Math clubs,Science Olympiad teams,Debate clubs, and Language learning groups.They cater to students who wish to delve deeper into their academic interests.2.Arts and Literature Clubs:Drama clubs,Creative Writing groups,and Photography clubs are popular among students who have a flair for the arts.3.Sports Clubs:From traditional sports like football and basketball to more niche activities like chess or martial arts,sports clubs encourage physical fitness and teamwork.4.Social and Community Service Clubs:These clubs focus on giving back to the community,such as volunteering at local shelters or organizing charity events.5.Special Interest Clubs:Clubs like Robotics,Astronomy,or Environmental clubs cater to students with unique interests.Benefits of School Clubs1.Skill Development:Clubs provide an opportunity for students to develop and hone specific skills,whether its public speaking,leadership,or technical skills in a particular field.2.Personal Growth:Participation in clubs can boost selfconfidence,as students take on responsibilities and see the results of their efforts.working:Clubs are a great way to meet likeminded peers and form lasting friendships.4.Leadership Opportunities:Many clubs offer leadership roles,such as club president or treasurer,which can be valuable experience for future career paths.5.College Applications:Involvement in extracurricular activities,including clubs,can make a students college application stand out.Challenges of School Clubs1.Time Management:Balancing club activities with academic responsibilities can be challenging,requiring good time management skills.2.Funding:Some clubs may struggle with securing enough funding for resources orevents,which can limit their activities.3.Member Engagement:Keeping members actively involved and interested can be a challenge,especially as students interests and priorities change.How to Start a School Club1.Identify a Need or Interest:Find a gap or a shared interest among students that isnt currently being addressed by existing clubs.2.Gather Support:Rally a group of interested students to join as founding members.3.Find a Faculty Advisor:A teacher or staff member must support and guide the club.4.Write a Club Constitution:This document outlines the clubs purpose,structure,and rules.5.Apply for Recognition:Submit an application to the school administration for official recognition as a school club.ConclusionSchool clubs are a vibrant part of student life,offering a wealth of opportunities for learning,growth,and enjoyment.They enrich the educational experience by providing a space for students to pursue their passions and interests in a supportive and structured environment.Whether youre a student looking to join a club or someone interested in starting one,theres a world of possibilities waiting to be explored.。
