阅读理解细节理解题

阅读理解细节理解题习题专练（一）Katherine Commale has long known what it is like to greet admiring crowds of kids, to have strangers beg for her signature, and to be featured in books and on TV shows. And yet most of her fellow Americans have never heard of the girl, who has helped to save millions of lives in African villages from malaria (疟疾). The story began when she was only five.On a spring night in 2006, Katherine’s mother, Lynda, watched Malaria: Fever Wars. The documentary showed the mosquito-borne disease caused millions of deaths in Africa. The next morning, she told her daughter about the program over breakfast. The little girl was particularly troubled to hear that and Lynda switched the topic to things her little girl could do to help, like donating mosquito nets.Initially, Katherine tried raising money by selling some old items, but failed. Soon, she and her younger brother Joseph decided to use small dolls to represent African families with Joseph dressed as a large mosquito, to explain to other children how a simple and cheap mosquito net could protect a sleeping child. Then they went to Katherine’s Sunday school and other schools. The idea took off. When that first effort ended, Katherine and her family donated $ 1, 500 to the United Nations Foundation to purchase mosquito nets.Although Katherine’s pace slowed down as she entered middle school, her fame was rising around the world. She has even been featured in a board game beside the youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai. “I’m not Malala whatsoever,” she said. “It’s just an act of kindness.”1. How did Katherine get her first sum of money?A．By selling used things.B．By turning to her family.C．By seeking help from the UN.D．By delivering performances.（二）Bubba, a handsome blue-and-turquoise parrot, was the best little companion I could have hoped for. At 88 years of age, I don’t plan to have any more pets, but for 12 years, Bubba and I kept each other company throughout the day.I bought him from my local pet shop, when he was a baby; the bigger parrots were pushing him away from the seed dish and off the end of the perch—so I had to save him.I asked him his name, and he replied, “Bibbi”. I changed it to “Bubba”. He must have liked it because he learned to say it pretty quickly.He would make me laugh by practising new words, and if he didn’t pronounce them correctly, he would mutter loudly, which I took to mean he was cursing himself.I left Bubba’s cage open unless he did something naughty. I would shut him in till he behaved himself. It didn’t take long and he soon learned to say, “Bubba’s a good boy.” When he came out, I got lots of kisses! At bedtime I had to sing “Unchained Melody” to him.My favourite memory is of his last Christmas in 2014. He asked, “What doing?” I told him that the following day was Christmas Day and that the decorations would cheer us up. Next morning, he was out early kissing me, and it continued all day. That night, as I put him to bed he had a very satisfied look on his face.On his last day, he clung to me and lay in my hand for hours. I placed him on a feather duster in a small box so that he could be on my walker tray while I cooked dinner.At bedtime, I placed him back into the box with some water and seed. After the usual songs, I told him to lie down and get comfortable. In the morning he was lying down, one wing over his head.I’m sure he still visits me.2．Why did I save Bubba?A．He was pushed by other kids.B．He was better than any other pets. C．He was the best little companion.D．He was bullied by other parrots. 3．What would happen if Bubba did something naughty?A．He would fly away.B．He would be punished.C．He would curse himself.D．He would sing to himself.（三）We all have a favorite independent pet shop, where we always pick up the tastiest treats and best dog toys. And now, it’s time to celebrate these small shops! This year, Beco, the UK’s leading pet brand, is launching the Independent Pet Shop Awards to champion the brilliant people who work tirelessly managing the independent pet shops we love.Procedure:Register at TeamDogs and answer a question. Beco will ask people to nominate (提名) their favorite independent pet shops. Judges will visit the nominees before crowning (为……加冕) one of them the UK’s Favorite Independent Pet Shop. To award the participants, Beco is giving away a dog hamper (盒装食物) worth £150 to five lucky winners at TeamDogs.George Bramble, Beco’s co-founder, says, “Britain is a nation of pet lovers, and this has never been more obvious over the past year. We have relied on local pet shops for all our pet care needs, and now we’re calling on people throughout Britain to thank these champions by nominating their favorites and encouraging people to support their local pet shops.”The COVID-19 made everyone on the high street tough, but with 3.2 million people becoming new pet owners last year, pet shops have been working harder than ever before with home deliveries, community support and advice given on nutrition or pet care.Tips:Nominations are now open on and will close on June 6th. The final winner will be announced in July.4．What will be awarded to those five lucky winners?A．A prize of £150.B．A free pet care.C．A pet dog.D．A dog hamper.5．Where can we check the information about the nominations?A．On the television.B．In the newspaper.C．On the Internet.D．On the radio.（四）THE TIME MACHINEIt was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. I gave it a last check, and sat myself in the leather seat. I pushed the starting lever (操纵杆) on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again. Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before. Had anything happened? I thought my mind had tricked me. Then I saw the clock. A moment before, it was a minute or so past ten; now it nearly half past three!I drew a breath, gripped(紧握) the lever and pushed it forwards. The laboratory went hazy around me. My niece came in to fetch something, maybe her handkerchief, apparently without seeing me. It probably took her a minute, but to me she moved like a rocket! I pushed the lever further. Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day. Tomorrow night came, then skipped to day, again and again, faster and faster still.It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling. It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road. As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air. The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrownacross the sky, but soon there was division between night and day. Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew, spread, and died in moments. I saw huge buildings rise up, then disappear like in a dream. The whole surface of the earth was being changed, melting and flowing before my eyes. I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times. So long as I travelled at maximum speed, it didn't matter. But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb! Like an impatient fool, I pulled the lever backwards hard. With a sudden jolt, the Time Machine was flipped on its side, and I was thrown through the air.I was stunned for a moment, and then heard the sound of thunder. I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine. “A fine welcome,” I said, “for a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here!”(Adapted from the novel The Time Machine written by H.G.Wells, a novelist famous for the science fiction)6．How does the Time Traveller first know he has travelled through time?A．He saw the clock move forward.B．He noticed the tomorrow night came.C．He spotted his niece moving like a rocket.D．He was being driven fast on a winding road.7．How does the Time Traveller feel when travelling through time?A．Doubtful and depressed.B．Safe and happy.C．Strange and unpleasant.D．Excited and joyful.8．Why is the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine?A．Because he would be forced together with something else and explode like a bomb. B．Because he was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute. C．Because some random things would be flashed before his eyes.D．Because the same space would be destroyed by something else.9．Where does the Time Machine arrive when the man finally stops it?A．On a winding road.B．In some mud in the rain.C．In the muddy leather seat.D．Along the walls of the laboratory.（五）Avoiding a handshake may have been considered impolite a couple of years ago, but it is now getting more and more common, especially because of the outbreak of COVID-19.Health officials have expressed the importance of completely washing our hands and maintaining proper hand hygiene(卫生). As a result, people around the world are creating alternatives to handshakes such as fist bumps(碰，撞) and elbow bumps.Let’s take a look at some of the common greetings that are used around the world in place of the famous handshake and more of the alternatives people are using instead of shaking each others’ hands.If you have ever traveled to Asian countries like China, India, or Cambodia, you may notice that it is common to see people bowing to greet each other. Bowing is a traditional sign of respect in many Asian cultures and has been a custom for centuries.Meanwhile, in parts of Europe like France, Italy, and Spain and countries in Latin America like Mexico, Peru, and Brazil, the air kiss is more common. Various rules regarding the gender, relationship, and form also exist within these different countries. Officials in countries including France are recommending people to avoid direct kisses.Some other unique greetings include sniffing(嗅，闻) one another’s faces in native cultures in Greenland and Tuvalu, sticking out one’s tongue in Tibet (a region of China), and clapping one’s hands in the African countries of Zimbabwe and Mozambique.With the spread of COVID-19, people are getting creative with the ways they greet each other. A trend that has gained advantage is the “Wuhan Shake”, a greeting where two people gently bump each other’s feet with each foot.Moreover, people, including famous figures like Prince Harry, US Vice President Mike Pence, and celebrities and athletes, have been giving up the formal handshake for elbow bumps. Although officials have not clearly issued warnings against shaking hands, many doctors and health specialists have praised the handshake alternatives as a way to continue maintaining proper hygiene.10．How do people commonly greet each other in Cambodia?A．By sniffing one another’s faces.B．By clapping one’s hands.C．By bowing.D．By sticking out one’s tongue. 11．Which of the following statements is true according to the last three paragraphs? A．People no longer greet each other due to the spread of COVID-19.B．“Wuhan Shake” is a greeting in which people do elbow bumps.C．Shaking hands has been prohibited by the governments.D．The handshake alternatives are an approach to maintaining proper hygiene.（六）Summer is coming, and soon beaches will be full of the sounds of people having fun. If you can find a quieter spot of ocean and stick your ears under the water, you might hear many other sounds made by fish.Unlike birds, which make sounds in the same way, Audrey Looby, a fish-sound researcher at the University of Florida, says that fish make sounds in different ways. Fish do not have specialised vocal cords or voice boxes. So, one of the most common ways they make sounds is through tribulation — like clicking their teeth or rubbing their pectoral fins against other structures. Many others make sounds with their swim bladders, which they use primarily to stay level in the water.Scientists are unsure how many fish make sounds, but some estimate that it might be as many as 22,000 types, which is two-thirds of about 34,000 known species. And those are just the sounds fish make on purpose — to call to mates, to let other fish know they’re in trouble or to communicate that “this is my area of the reef, listen to how tough I sound so why don’t you just swim away,” Looby says. Fish also make passive sounds, such as chewing noises as they munch on seagrass or algae.According to Looby, active and passive sounds are important because they convey a lot of information about what’s going on to fish and to researchers. For example, let anyone who’s listening know that there is a food source available.With climate change making parts of the ocean heat up and become unlivable for fish in other ways, researchers say that fish sounds could help them preserve and restore habitats. For example, there are projects looking into whether piping in the sounds of a healthy reef into one that is dying might encourage fish to come back and populate it. “Learning about fish sounds lets us learn about underwater environments and hopefully manage them at the same time,” Looby said.12．What happens to a fish because of its swim bladder function?A．It can find a habitat.B．It can click their teeth.C．It can float in the water.D．It can attract the other fish.13．Why might fish make sounds?A．To find food sources.B．To warn other animals.C．To sound like a boat whistle.D．To reduce the effects of environment. 14．Why do scientists want to play healthy reef sounds in a dying reef?A．To get fish to return to it.B．To get scientists to find it.C．To show that it is not safe.D．To show how deep underwater it is.（七）Using AI to manage customer service is a trend that we will increasingly see more of. However, that’s not to be confused with completely replacing human interaction when it comes to customer service. So what does that mean? Does it mean the world of CS will soon be overrun by robots?In fact, all customer service interactions have two axes (轴): emotion and urgency. New AI tools are rapidly emerging in the support space that can address high-urgency situations quickly, but when it comes to high-emotion situations, no AI can deal with them successfully.A robot might be able to recognize you’re trying to check in for a flight that was recently canceled, but the emotional axis is entirely un-programmable. Perhaps the flyer has increasingly high emotions around the flight being canceled because she is flying to a business meeting for an important occasion. Instances like this, regardless of how small or large the case is, can create high-stress moments for the customer. Only a person can comprehend the difference.High-stress moments are the ones that stick with customers forever, so it’s important to have a plan in place. What separates the best companies is a keen sense for determining which customer service functions AI can handle on its own and which cases need to be handled by a human with AI assistance. For inquiries that are high on emotion, there’s no substitute for the personal touch of a human. Passengers whose luggage is lost are going to seek out an employee to help them locate their bag. Although AI can be used to locate that bag, it’s too emotional of an interaction to remove the human element.The conversation around AI now is too focused on the question of how AI can replace agent interaction, which is missing the point. The aim of AI shouldn’t be to replace human interaction, but to improve human interaction. The question from here won’t be how far we can push AI, but how we can use our imagination to continue reinventing the problem-solving process.15．What advantage does a real person have over AI tools?A．He can balance emotion and urgency.B．He can understand customers’ feelings well.C．He can handle urgency more quickly.D．He can tell the difference of various emotions.16．Why should companies have a plan for high-stress moments?A．High-stress moments are very important for customers.B．High-stress moments require more AI tools.C．High-stress moments are unforgettable for customers.D．High-stress moments are ignored by most companies.（八）Being a parent is tough. Prejudice(偏见) against parents in the workplace only makes it harder.Asking for flexible schedule is not unique to working parents only. I’ve worked with people in their twenties that requested to work a four-day schedule so they could go back to school part time. I’ve seen older adults in the workplace change their schedules so that they can spend more time at home. Almost everyone has to cut out of the office every now and again fora doctor’s appointment or other personal matters. Flexible schedules seem to be synonymous(代名词) with working parents, but in reality, they are not.Parents aren’t devoted to their jobs. This is really surprising because it’s quite the contrary. There is actually strong evidence that parents are more devoted to their jobs than many other employees. They are some of the most focused employees out there. Parents are less likely to change jobs than other employees. Stability(稳定) is key when raising a family.Parents aren’t good team members. Since it is parents that need to leave the office at 5 or aren’t able to come in before 9, most people think that the singletons on the team need to make up for it. In today’s technology world, this is hardly the case. While many parents do limit their physical “in office” hours, most spend time on weekends, early mornings, and after work working. Besides, parents may be more likely to take vacations during major holidays due to children’s school schedules.Parents are at work only out of financial needs. Why would anyone want to leave their children behind and come to the workplace if they didn’t have to? Actually, a lot of people do. Caring for children is a wonderful experience, but everyone needs a break. Many parents may still be interested in their field of work, finding work interesting. Money is nice, but it’s certainly not the only reason that parents are there.17．Why do some young people ask for a four-day work schedule?A．To see their working parents.B．To return to school part time.C．To spend more time at home.D．To make an appointment with doctors.。

专题十四：阅读理解之细节题A组课堂专项训练难度系数：★★模拟专场（一）: 2015年湖南省株洲市高三模拟一A篇Karl Fleming joined the military because he needed a change in his life. He had a successful career with a shipping company but he wanted to do something more. He found that something in the U.S. army. Fleming began his service in 2009 and never looked back.A few years later, Fleming volunteered to go to Afghanistan. There, he worked as a bodyguard for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. He enjoyed it, except for the almost-nightly rocket attacks. Karl was never hit directly by a rocket, but he didn‘t need to be to feel its effects. The rockets caused severe shaking, shaking so bad that Fleming was left with many injuries. He was also diagnosed with concussions(脑震荡) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD).1. From Paragraph 2, we can learn Karl Fleming was __________.A. forced to go to AfghanistanB. struck directly by a rocket one dayC. satisfied with everything in the armyD. injured because of the shaking from the rockets2. Fleming suffered from the following illnesses except ___________.A. concussionsB.PTSDC. memory lossD. a heart attack1.【答案】D【解析】D细节理解。

阅读理解之怎样做题：细节理解题——定区间，仔细比对一、题型解读及思维导向细节理解题考查考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解。

所谓细节理解题，是指题干针对原文提到的某事物、现象或理论进行发问。

常见的设题形式有直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why, which和how等提问)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题和事件排序题等。

抓住文章中的事实和细节是做好该类题的关键。

解题原则是忠实于原文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。

此类题我们可以采用照题查阅法快速找出原文信息，然后仔细比对选项，从而选出正确答案。

二、命题区间及读文关注点1．数据出现处文章中的数据经常作为命制数字计算题的依据，因此凡是文章中出现有关数据的地方，如年代、日期、时间、百分比、价钱、总量等，考生在阅读时要作出标记，以便定位查找。

2．专有名词出现处在高考英语阅读理解中，人名、地名以及机构等专有名词的前后文是经常命制细节理解题的地方，阅读时要多加关注。

3．举例或比喻信息点出现处为了使观点更具说服力、更加明确，使文章更加充实、更加可信，作者常以具体的例子或比喻来论证。

这些例子和比喻是细节理解题的常考点，因此考生应对那些引出例子或比喻的信号词加以注意。

常见的这类词汇有：as, such as, for example, for instance等。

4．比较信息点出现处比较信息处是经常出细节理解题的地方。

比较句型有下面三种：第一种是一般意义上的表示比较关系的句型，如：more ...than, less ...than, no/not more than, anything/nothing but, not ...but, the＋比较级..., the＋比较级..., prefer ...to, as ...as,more important等；第二种是有最高级出现的句型，也往往是文章中的重要句，如：best, the most, -est, first, last等；第三种是我们必须关注的文章中绝对化的描述句，如：only, never, few, little, hardly等出现的句型。

阅读理解之“细节理解”题解题指导细节理解题是指原文提到了某事实、现象或理论，而题干则针对原文的具体叙述设问，属于浅层次的理解题，难度较低，但在中考中却占有很大比重。

同学们解答细节题时，需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，发现文章中的细节信息，然后遵循由整体到细节的原则，把握作者的思路，按全文—段落—词语的步骤来解题。

一、命题特点事实细节题的考点非常明确，考点通常集中在以下几处：1.列举信息。

文章中first, second, to begin with, in addition, on one hand, on the other hand等并列关系出现的地方，常会要求考生从所列的内容中选择符合题干要求的选项。

2.举例与打比方。

要注意那些引出例子或比喻的标志词，如as, such as, for example, for instance 等，用于引出具体事实，使文章观点更具说服力。

这些事例就是常考的细节之处。

3.指示代词出现。

这类考题常用来考查学生是否真正了解上下文句子之间的逻辑关系。

4.引用人物论断。

作者为使论点更有依据，常会引用某些权威人士的论断或采纳其重要的发现。

5.特殊标点符号后的内容。

因为特殊标点符号后的内容往往是对前面内容的进一步解释或说明，因此，注意到这些标点，也就注意到了细节。

这些特殊符号包括表示解释的破折号、括号和冒号以及表示引用的引号等。

另外，细节理解题的选项也很有特点：通常正确答案不是照搬的原文。

而干扰选项则正好相反，有的来自原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；有的符合常识，但不符合原文内容；有的与原句内容极为相似，是在程度上有些变动；有的与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；也有的是部分正确或部分错误。

二、解题方法1.跳读查找法。

这个方法的要点在于先看题干，然后带着问题读文章。

以what, who, where, when, why, how 提问的问题，可以从文章中直接找到答案。

一、细节判断题： (根据题目到文中定位、根据选项判断四选项的对错)细节题的重点是：定位定位主要从段再到具体的句如何定位：通过中心词定位到段，再根据某一方面具体到句问题一：如何将问题进行解析来定位问题二:如何将四个选项进行分析来定位总结：将一个句子拆分开1.which one is ture among the sentences?（判断四个选项的对错：其中有3个选项存在细节性的错误，在看选项时务必将每个选项可能存在的错误找出来在到文中进行比对）2。

what can we infer from the passage?（四个选型那句话是对的)课堂讲解训练ATEACH DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN IN QUITO IN ECUADORSUMMARY FACTFILEPrice: From ￡775, excluding flightsDuration ： From 2 weeks to 6 months subject to visa requirementsStart Dates ： All year round —you choose your start and finish datesRequirements ： At least aged 17, no qualifications necessary, but you’ll have to be enthusiastic。

You’ll need to know a little Spanish to do this project, but if you have no knowledge of Spanish at all, you can combine your project with 1—week intensive （强化的) Spanish course in Quito before starting your project 。

初中阅读理解细节题解题技巧及练习（教师版）初中英语阅读理解最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获得和办理主要信息” 。

对这种“获得和办理主要信息” 能力的考察，主要采纳的方式就是细节判断。

这种题在阅读理解题中占有半壁河山，做好这种题是保证基础分的重点。

同时，弄清细节，正确获守信息，也是掌握文章要旨的前提。

所以，要特别重视做好这种题。

（一）细节题细节题就是指那些针对文章细节描绘或与文章情节发展有关的事实所设置的问题。

这种题主要测试考生获守信息及对文章所供给信息的理解能力。

1．设题方式此类题型多半以特别疑问词设问，设问的检测点针对某一详细行为、地址、时间、原由、方式、数目等。

细节题是用来进一步表达主题，表现中心思想的，常常针对短文某个细节来设题。

做此类题时，应快速捕获信息，可能是一些案例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。

此类考察事实和细节的题目大部分是针对文章的细节设计的。

其主要发问方式是：1） True or NOT true 是非判断种类Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?Which of the following statements is NOT true?Which of the following is NOT considered as, ?According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for ...? 2）特别疑问词发问种类How many ... ？ What/who/when/where/how/why ...?3）排序题种类Which of the orders is correct according to the passage ?4）例证题种类The author gives the example in ...paragraph in order to ...5）表独一细节看法题种类：...the most / ~est ......the only ...2．技巧点拨做这种题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的重点字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再经过 scanning 快速确立该细节在文中的出处（信息源），认真比较题干要求，清除或选择。

细节理解题(一)题干定位(2015·全国Ⅰ，A)Monthly Talks at London Canal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.They end around 21：00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers，by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”．December 5thIce for the Metropolis，by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers，there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells，and how London's ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotswold Canals，by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play.March_6thEyots and Aits—Thames Islands，by Miranda Vickers.The Thames has many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest.Online bookings：/bookMore info：/whatsonLondon Canal Museum12­13 New Wharf Road，London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.mobiTel：020 7713 0836文章大意：本文是一则关于伦敦运河博物馆月度讲座安排的广告。