(完整版)英语阅读理解之细节题

高中英语阅读理解细节理解题40题1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Thing 1B. Thing 2C. Thing 3D. Thing 4答案：D。

本题考查对文章细节的理解。

在原文中依次提到了Thing 1、Thing 2 和Thing 3，而Thing 4 没有提及。

2.According to the passage, what is the main reason for something?A. Reason 1B. Reason 2C. Reason 3D. Reason 4答案：B。

原文中明确指出主要原因是Reason 2，其他选项Reason 1、Reason 3 和Reason 4 在文中并未提及是主要原因。

3.The author mentioned all of the following details EXCEPT _.A. Detail 1B. Detail 2C. Detail 3D. Detail 4答案：D。

文章中详细描述了Detail 1、Detail 2 和Detail 3，而Detail 4 并没有被提及。

4.What can we know from the passage about a certain person?A. Fact 1B. Fact 2C. Fact 3D. Fact 4答案：C。

根据文章内容，关于这个人我们可以知道Fact 3，而Fact 1、Fact 2 和Fact 4 与文章内容不符。

5.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. Statement 1 is true.B. Statement 2 is true.C. Statement 3 is true.D. Statement 4 is true.答案：B。

英语阅读理解细节题的解题技巧一、语义转换题——跳读查找法这是做事实细节题最基本也是最常用的方法。

在通常情况下，细节题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。

运用跳读查找法时，同学们要特别注意试题(包括选项)与原文之间的适当变换。

根据近几年的考题情况来看，现在很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，而通常要进行一定的处理。

而这种“处理”主要就是指进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等。

请看下面的例子(重庆高考英语试题)：“My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy，” says a second-grade teacher in Saugus，California.“Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.” These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program(CBEP)，a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading，writing and math skills，and more.The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze(分析) the housing，energy，and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect(建筑师) who visits the classroom once a week，they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations.“Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom，”says the teacher who developed this program.“They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame，because there are no wrong answers ina future context. In fact，as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program，an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city，and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”CBEP is a set of activities，games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving：observing，analyzing，working out possible answers，and judging them based on the childrens own standards.1. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom________ .A. to find out kids creative ideasB. to discuss with the teacherC. to give children lecturesD. to help kids with their program2. Who is the designer of the program?A. An official.B. An architect.C. A teacher.D. A scientist.【解题分析】1.选 D。

2021年地区高考英语阅读理解文章的细节理解8例一篇文章有了话题〔topic〕，确定了要表达的中心思想〔main idea〕，还必须通过许多细节的信息来进一步解释或者表达主题，表达中心思想。

弄懂这些细节，对于理解全文的作用是不容无视的，也是归纳、概括文章中心思想的根底。

因此，在高考命题中往往会要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或者准确地寻找所需的细节。

这类考题可以是比拟直接的，理解字面意义就可以答题；但也可能是比拟间接的，要通过归纳、综合或者推理才能答题。

例1Tom Brenna was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag. The bag contained a book.This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure –a 120-page diary kept 190 years a go by Deborah Logan, “a woman who knew everybody in her day,〞James Green, the librarian told the magazine American Libraries.Most of the diary is a record of big events in Philadelphia. It is also includes a description of British soldiers burning Washington, D.C. in the war of 1812. She describes President James Madison on horseback as “perfectly shaking with fear〞during the troubled days. George Washington, she writes, mistook her for the wife of a French man, and praised her excellent English.The adventure of the lost book began September 4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor (祖先) to the library Company, which he and his wife considered to be best home for the diary.Green told American Libraries he had the diary in his possession “about five minutes〞when Luxmoore took it back because he had promised to show it to one other person. On returning his hotel after showing the precious book to Green, Luxmoore was shocked to realise that he had left it in the taxi.Without any delay, Green began calling every taxi company in the city, with no luck. “I’ve felt sick since then,〞Luxmoore told reporters.According to Green, no one has yet learned how the diary came to the office building. Tom Brennan received a reward of $1,000, Philadelphia gained another treasure for hit history. And Luxmoore told reporters, “It’s wonderful news. I’m on high.〞1. From the text, we learn that the diary is now owned by _______.A. Tom BrennaB. an unknown personC. a Philadelphia magazineD. the library Company of Philadelphia2. Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary because ________.A. it was written in PhiladelphiaB. it tells stories about PhiladelphiaC. people in the city are interested in old thingsD. the British and Americans once fought in Philadelphia3. Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary?a. Tom Brennan found the book in an office buildingb. The book was shown to James Greenc. Cory Luxmoore arrived from Englandd. The book was left behind in a taxiA. a, b, c, dB. c, b, d, aC. a, c, d, bD. c, a, b, d注释：第3小题是掌握文章细节的第一种情况，即获取信息是比拟直接的，理解字面意义就可以答题，正确答案显然是B.第1和2 小题属掌握文章细节的第二种情况，即信息获取是比拟间接的，要通过归纳、综合或者推理才能答题。

高三英语阅读理解细节题单选题60题1. According to the passage about artificial intelligence, which of the following statements is true?A. AI can completely replace human doctors in all medical fields.B. The development of AI mainly depends on a single technology.C. AI has been applied in some areas to assist in data analysis.D. AI systems are always 100% accurate in predicting natural disasters.答案：C。

解析：从科技类文章中关于人工智能的内容来看，原文提到在一些领域人工智能被用于协助数据分析，这是有依据的。

A 选项，人工智能不能在所有医疗领域完全取代人类医生，原文会有表述说明人工智能在医疗领域存在局限性，比如在一些需要人类情感交流和复杂判断的情况。

B选项，人工智能的发展是多种技术综合的结果，不是依赖单一技术，原文会有介绍多种技术对其发展的推动。

D 选项，人工智能在预测自然灾害时达不到100%准确，因为存在很多复杂因素，原文会有相关的暗示或明确表述。

2. In the article about space exploration technology, what is the main purpose of developing new rocket engines?A. Just for showing a country's technological strength.B. To send as many tourists as possible into space in a short time.C. To make space exploration more efficient and cost - effective.D. Only for military purposes.答案：C。

高一英语阅读理解细节题单选题40题1. What is the main purpose of the new technology mentioned in the passage?A. To increase production.B. To save energy.C. To improve quality.D. To reduce costs.答案：B。

本题考查对新技术目的的理解。

A 选项“增加产量”在文中未提及；C 选项“提高质量”并非文中重点强调的内容；D 选项“降低成本”文中没有相关表述。

而文中明确指出新技术的主要目的是节能，故选B。

2. How does the new invention improve the efficiency of the process?A. By using advanced materials.B. By changing the working method.C. By adding more workers.D. By increasing the working hours.答案：B。

本题主要考查新发明提高效率的方式。

A 选项“使用先进材料”文中未提及；C 选项“增加更多工人”不符合提高效率的常见方式；D 选项“增加工作时间”并非有效提高效率的方法。

文中提到是通过改变工作方法来提高效率的，故选B。

3. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the latest scientific equipment?A. High accuracy.B. Easy operation.C. Large size.D. Low cost.答案：C。

本题考查对最新科学设备特点的把握。

A 选项“高精度”通常是新设备的优点；B 选项“易操作”符合现代设备的发展趋势；D 选项“低成本”是人们所期望的。

而“大尺寸”不一定是最新科学设备的特点，故选C。

一、高考英语细节题考察概况：1.宏观考察概况：细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。

细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。

2.微观考察概况：（1）设问方式特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节，或就文中的数字进行提问。

（2）考察规律①正确选项特征A.同义替换（原句重复出现，200%错。

正确的都是有改动的，即同义替换。

）(1)替换关键词。

把原文的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one's job换成了be out of occupation(2)改变词性。

把原文中的一些词变换了一下词性，如把so much important变换成of importance(3)改变语态。

把原文主动语态转为被动语态，如restoring and repairing the bridge变换成the bridge was restoring and reparing.B.信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息; 正确答案具有概括性（考察考生的理解归纳能力），深刻性，因为其考查的对象是阅读文章的重点和要点。

C.正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项比如说：I constantly remained confused about the learning predicament.我一直对学习的困境感到困惑。

②干扰选项特征A.张冠李戴，无中生有B.曲解文意，答非所问C.颠倒是非，因果倒置，无原因推导（过度推断）D.正误参半，盲目推断，正反混淆二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法：第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说)三、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练1.What do we know about Astro Access?A. It redesigns jet airplanes.B. It offers weightlessness experience.C. It provides physical treatmentD. It hires the disabled to be astronauts第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.What do we know about Astro Access?我们对星际通道了解多少?问的角度是什么what；对象是星际通道第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero Gravity flight, organized by the group Astro Access. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space. Flying over the Pacific Ocean off Southern California, the modified 747 jet airplane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allowing the flyers multiple periods of weightlessness.The experience left Mazyck feeling joyful. “The flight was something that I would never have experienced in my wildest dreams," she says, “especially the floating the weightlessness.原词对应：weightlessness（失重；无重状态）；experience（体验）；由于这段话没有出现转折连接词，所以判断这个段落各个句子的逻辑关系是顺承关系段落翻译：Mazyck是由Astro Access组织的零重力飞行的12名参与者之一。

(1)文章细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。

(2)命题人员会要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。

(3)这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。

细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右。

1.直接信息题【典例】（2020·某某卷A篇节选）50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.What will each of the honorable mention winners get?A. A plane ticket.B. A book by Corinne Szabo.C. A special T-shirt.D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。

根据50 Honorable Mentions这一段“Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送的T恤，故选C。

【点拨】第一步：依据题干信息，选择定位关键词细节理解题直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查，且题目相对简单，所以，不必通篇细读全文，可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。

关键词主要是题干中的名词，动词和数词，即问题的核心信息。

第二步：依据关键词，回原文定位信息进行比对确定了定位关键词后，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干有关的关键词，回到原文进行信息定位，然后将选项内容与原文信息比对，得出正确答案。

1.题型特点与命题方式所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。

一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。

)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型问题的基础。

这类题型的题干常为：When / Where did the story happen?Which of the following statements is (NOT) correct?Which of the following statements is (NOT) mentioned in the passage?Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?All the statements are true EXCEPT…该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。

所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。

在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。

做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。

2.解题思路与应试技巧细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。

通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：(1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。

把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。

(2)词性或者语态的变化。

把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。

高中英语阅读理解事实细节题篇一：高一英语阅读理解事实细节专练高一英语阅读理解.一. 理解事实细节.(1)A doctor was once teaching a class of medical students at a famous hospital in Edinburgh. An injured man was brought in, and the doctor turned to one of the students and asked him, ―What‘s wrong with this man?‖― I don‘t know, sir ― the student answered. ― Shall I examine him and find out?‖― There‘s no need to examine him‖, said the doctor, ―You should know without asking questions. He has hurt his right knee. Didn‘t you notice the way he walked ? He hurt it by burning it in the fire. You see his trouser leg is burnt away at the knee. This is Monday morning. Yesterday was fine, but on Saturday the roads were wet and muddy. The man‘s trousers are muddy all over. The man fell down on Saturday night.The doctor then turned to the man and said, ― You had youra public house and drank too much. You got wet and muddy on the way home. Because you had drunk too much, you fell on the fire and burnt your knee. Is thatright ?‖―Yes, sir.‖ said the man.1. The medical students were having a lesson______________.A. in a classroomB. at the libraryC. at a well-known hospitalD. a medical school2. The man hurt his knee_______________.A. on Saturday nightB. yesterdayC. on Monday morningD. on Friday night3. The man burnt his knee _______________.A. when he was on his way to the hospitalB. because he had drank too much and fell on the fireC. because he was coldD. because he was ill4. WAGE in the fourth paragraph means_______________.A. holidayB. money paid every weekC. carsD. servants5. The doctor was good at _______________.A. learning from othersB. taking care of othersC. watching and thinkingD. teaching c a b b c( 2 )Thomas Adams discovered bubble gum ( 泡泡糖 ) in the 1870s. He was an American. He wanted to find a usefor chicle(糖胶树胶). Chicle is a Spanish word for sticky water that es from one kind of Mexican tree .Mr Adams wanted to make rubber from chicle.Mr Adams worked in his home while he tried to find a way to make the chicle stronger. Hisson, Horatio, also helped him now and then.One day, young Horatio began to chew the chicle while he watched his father work. It did not taste very good, but Horatio enjoyed chewing it. Then the young boy began to blow bubbles with the new chicle which his father had made. Mr Adams had discovered bubble gum by accident.Mr Adams gave up trying to find a way to make rubber from chicle. Instead , he wanted to try and sell the new gum that he had made. He thought other peoplemight like the taste too. He began to see his new kind of chicle as candy. In no time, children everywhere began chewing bubble gum.1. Where was Thomas Adams from ?A. CanadaB. The United StatesC. EuropeD. England2. Who was Horatio Adams?A. Thomas's fatherB. Thomas's wifeC. Thomas's brotherD. Thomas's son3. What was Thomas Adams trying to make ?A. A new kind of rubber .B. A new kind of chicle.C. A new kind of candy.D. Electric light.4. Why did Thomas Adams want to sell bubble gum ?A. His son enjoyed chewing it .B. He thought many people would like it.C. He could not make strong rubber from chicle.D. all of above5. Which of these sentences is not true?A. Horatio helped his father.B. Thomas Adams made rubber from chicle by accident.C. Horatio was the first person to chew bubble gum.D. Thomas Adams never made rubber. Bdadb(3)You can see a bell tower that leans (倾斜 ) in the town of Pisa, Italy. What does it lean against ? Nothing. It's called the Leaning Tower of Pisa, andit's been leaning more ever since it was built about 700 years ago. Some say that long ago the great Italian scientist Galileo dropped weights from the tower to learn how fast things fall. Even then , the tower was a leaning tower.And today , little by little, one side of the tower keeps on sinking into the soft ground. The LeaningTower tips (倾斜 ) about an inch every nine years. The farther it leans out of line, the faster it tips.You can climb stairs to the top of the tower and see the bells that once called people to a nearby church. But no one rings the bell now. The clang(铿锵声 ) might make the tower fall faster.The government of Italy once offered a prize for the best plan to keep the tower from falling any farther. Some people have ideas, but nothing has been done yet. If the Leaning Tower ever falls, it will be the end of what some people say is one of the seven wonders of the modern world.1. The Leaning Tower ___________.A. because famous right after it was builtB. leans against towerC. was built about seven centuries agoD. no longer tips today2. What do you know about Galileo?A. He was a great physicist who built the Tower.B. He was well known for designing the Tower.C. He drew a very famous experiment on the Tower.D. He designed a good plan to adjust the Tower.3. Nobody rings the bells in the Tower nowbecause_______________.A. there is something wrong with the bellsB. people in the town are annoyed by the ringing bells.C. nobody needs to be called to the churchD. the clang might make the Tower tip faster4. Which of the followings is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The reason why the Leaning Tower is leaning.B. The condition of the Leaning TowerC. The plans that people offer to prevent the Tower from leaning.D. The measures that the government has taken to keep the Tower from falling.5. We can learn from the passage that _______________.A. people like the Leaning Tower so they have done nothing to keep it from leaningB. it is very difficult to stop the tower from leaningC. even if the Tower falls , the seven wonders will still existD.theccdabItalian government didn't offer any prize for the best plan(4)Charlie was sent to repair the telephone in a(转载于: 小龙文档网:高中英语阅读理解事实细节题) college. He stopped his car outside the gate and walked through a wide boulevard while a professor and his students were standing around the college flagpole in front of the teaching building. He stopped to watch what they were doing there." We need to know how high the flagpole is," said the professor to his students ." Who has a better way to calculate it ?"them all. Charlie began to laugh and came up to the flagpole .'"Watch!" said the young man. He laid the flagpole on the ground and measured it with a tape and then said, " Exactly 15.12 meters." Then he replaced the pole and walked away." What a silly idea!" the professor said angrily ." We wonder how height it is. But he gave us the length!"1. Charlie was a _____________.A. teacherB. professorC. repair manD. postman2. Charlie went to the college____________.A. by busB. on footC. by bikeD. by car3. The professor was going to ___________.A. put the flagpole downB. teach his students to calculate the flagpole's heightC. make a new flagpoleD. show his students how to measure the flagpole4. The underlined word "negated" means___________.A. encourageB. not agreeC. praiseD. know5.Charlie laughed because____________.A. he was good with mathB. he thought the professor was sillyC. he could easily know the flagpole's heightD.hecbdbcknew more than the professor(5)Each year on December 10, the Alfred Nobel Foundation(诺贝尔基金) presents six prizes. These prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, the man who invented dynamite(火药). It was Mr Nobel ?s idea to create(创造)the prizes. During his life, Mr Nobel made a lot of money from his invention. He put his money in a bank, and the money earned more money through interest(利息) from the bank. The money grew to be a very large amount.Mr Nobel decided to use his money to help scientists, artists, and people who worked to help others around the world. He created the Nobel Prizes to do this.The prizes set up by Mr Noble include physics, medicine, chemistry, literature, and peace.These five Nobel Prizes were first given out in 1901. Later, the Central Bank of Sweden(瑞典) made the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic(经济) Science in1968 to celebrate(庆祝) the bank‘s 300th year of business.All of the prizes are handed out in Stockholm(斯德哥尔摩) except for the Peace Prize, which is presented in Oslo(奥斯陆).Each person who receives a Nobel Prize is given a cash prize, a medal, and a special paper which explains the prize the person won. The amount of money that each person receive is calculated (计算)from the interest earned from all of Me Nobel ?s money which is still in the bank.. This interest is divided equally betweenthe five prize winners in physics, medicine, chemistry, literature, and peace. The Central Bank of Sweden then pays an equal amount to the winner of the prize in Economics.1. The Nobel Prizes are presented ________A. at different timeB. In DecemberC. Every two yearsD. Every six years2. The main idea of the second paragraph is _____A. how many prizes Mr Nobel set upB. why Nobel Prize was createdC. what each prize winner will receiveD. where the prizes were presented3. Mr Nobel set up ______prizes at first.A. 5B. 6C. 7D. we don‘t know4. The Nobel Prize of ______are made and paid by Central Bank of Sweden.A. EconomicsB. MedicineC. LiteratureD. Physics5. The winners of the Nobel Prize will receive these except_______A. A medalB. MoneyC. An inventionD. A special paperKeys are : B B A A C篇二：高中英语阅读理解方法之细节题的解题技巧英语阅读理解---事实细节题的解题技巧所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。

阅读第1讲事实细节题细节理解题是高考英语阅读理解中占比重最大的一类题型, 这类题旨在考查考生对事实细节的理解。

主要针对who, what, which, why, how, when, where等来提问, 可能只针对文章中某一特定的细节, 也可能涉及若干个细节。

【考纲解读】1.从近几年实施细节题的考查来看，不仅是数量增加，而且难度也稍有增加，表现为：答案需要跨段落搜集信息；题目设置顺序与全文顺序不一致；题目信息与原文信息表达方式不一致。

2.以考查语言运用能力为主，考查语言知识为辅，考查的侧重点将向语篇能力的运用方面倾斜，要求考生运用自己的综合能力和知识结构去解题。

【命题规律】考查理解文章主要细节的试题，命题人一般都是通过对文章细节加以改写来考查准确理解细节的能力。

细节题有可能是直接理解题，但多数情况下是间接理解题。

要求在理解的基础上，通过思维将理解的内容系统化，条理化，比如计算，排序，选图等。

【命题趋势】事实细节题呈增多趋势。

题目将由简单的寻找信息转向多层次细节推理综合，答案需要跨段落搜集信息，单纯考查事实细节的题不太多。

【常考点清单】of the following is true/false/mentioned?does the writer pay least attention to?the right order of the events given in the passage?of the following statements may be true/false except…..of the following is not the result of….?【重点难点】1.语义转换[技巧点拨]虽然说细节题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接地找到, 但是与阅读材料一模一样的正确选项是几乎没有的。

而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思, 即语意转换。

解题时注意以下几点：1. 顺序性原则：一般说来, 题序与其题眼在文章中的顺序相同。

中考英语阅读理解细节题单选题50题1. The main character of the story was known for his ______.A. kindnessB. braveryC. selfishnessD. laziness答案：A。

原文中提到主人公经常帮助他人，展现出了善良的品质。

选项B“bravery”勇敢在文中未提及；选项C“selfishness”自私与主人公的行为相反；选项D“laziness”懒惰也不符合对主人公的描述。

2. What did the person do when facing difficulties?A. Gave up easily.B. Kept trying hard.C. Asked for help immediately.D. Complained all the time.答案：B。

文中讲述这个人在遇到困难时从未放弃，一直努力尝试克服。

选项A“Gave up easily.”轻易放弃不符合；选项C“Asked for help immediately.”立即求助文中未体现；选项D“Complained all the time.”一直抱怨也与原文不符。

3. The person's success was mainly due to ______.A. Good luckB. Hard workC. Rich familyD. Smart brain答案：B。

原文强调了这个人通过不懈的努力取得成功。

选项A“Good luck”好运气并非主要原因；选项C“Rich family”富裕的家庭没有相关描述；选项D“Smart brain”聪明的头脑不是重点强调的因素。

4. How did people around the person describe him?A. As a troublemaker.B. As a friendly person.C. As a strict leader.D. As a dishonest man.答案：B。

六年级英语阅读理解细节推理题40题1. Tom is a good student. He always goes to school early. He likes reading books in the library after school. What can we infer about Tom?A. He is lazyB. He loves studyC. He hates schoolD. He is naughty答案：B。

解析：文章提到汤姆是个好学生，总是很早去上学，放学后还喜欢在图书馆看书，这些都表明他热爱学习，A选项懒惰、C选项讨厌学校、D选项淘气都不符合描述。

2. In my family, my mother cooks every day. She also cleans the house and takes care of the plants. What can we know about my mother?A. She is busyB. She is lazyC. She is strictD. She is naughty答案：A。

解析：文中描述妈妈每天做饭、打扫房子和照顾植物，这些事情表明妈妈很忙碌，B选项懒惰、C选项严格、D选项淘气均不符合。

3. The little rabbit always hides in the bushes when it hears a strange sound. What can we infer about the little rabbit?A. It is braveB. It is shyC. It is naughtyD. It is strong答案：B。

解析：小兔子一听到奇怪声音就躲进灌木丛，这说明它很胆小害羞，A选项勇敢、C选项淘气、D选项强壮不符合兔子的这种行为特点。

4. It often rains in spring in our city. And the flowers start to bloom. What can we infer from this?A. Rain helps flowers growB. Flowers don't need rainC. Rain is bad for flowersD. Flowers grow in winter答案：A。

专题12 阅读理解：细节理解题备考高考英语二轮复习距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

全国名校最新模拟题（共八篇）Passage 1 (2022年北京卷)My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new andmore confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.4．What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety?A．Her inability to act her age.B．Her habit of consumption.C．Her desire to be perfect.D．Her lack of inspiration.5．How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice?A．She decided to do something for nature.B．She tasted the sweetness of friendship.C．She learned about the harm of desire.D．She built up her courage to speak up.6．The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________.A．intelligent B．confident C．innovative D．critical7．What can we learn from this passage?A．Practice makes perfect.B．Patience is a cure of anxiety.C．Action is worry’s worst enemy.D．Everything comes to those who wait.4．C5．A6．B7．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。

第1讲阅读理解细节理解题（模拟精练+真题演练）根据文章选择正确的选项1.(2023年河北衡水中学模拟预测A篇)Big Thinkers SeriesThe2022Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four online talks,covering a wide range of topics by world-class scientist speakers and experts.If you are curious about your planet or your universe,then this series is your place to hear the latest research.Save£20off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series(available on-demand)or purchase single tickets for just£13per lecture(available by early booking).Reality+:From the Matrix to the Metaverse with David ChalmersIn this talk,philosopher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse-style virtual worlds experienced through headsets are also genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR.What we don’t know about gravity with Claudia de RhamWe are all familiar with the concept of gravity.In this talk,Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left to uncover.A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad OrzelFrom Stonehenge to atomic clocks,here is the5,000-year history of how science is used to mark time.Chad Orzel,the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog,offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky(反常的)historical detail.Physics at the End of the universe with Katie MackThe Big Bang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last13.8billion years.But how does the story end?Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics tells us about the final fate of the universe.1．How much does a series ticket cost?A．£13.B．£20.C．£30.D．£32.2．What will Chad Orzel lecture in?A．The genuine reality.B．The secrets of gravity.C．The history of time marking.D．The final fate of the universe.3．What do the four talks have in common?A．They are all aimed at science lovers.B．They are all concerned with gravity. C．They will all be given by bestselling authors.D．They will all be given by excellent physicians.2.(2023年河北衡水中学模拟预测B篇)Helga Stentzel’s Clothesline Animals combine charming images as fine art prints in various sizes.As an artist whose style she calls“household surrealism(超现实主义)”，she works in various media and has a large collection of works.Instead of throwing an old pair of pants or T-shirt away,Helga Stentzel puts her tired garments out to the farm.By hanging them on a simple clothesline she sets up and folding them artfully that look like animals,she takes wonderful pictures.Some are shot in real locations while others are digitally placed in environments in charming form with appealing colors.4．How did Stentzel create an artwork according to paragraph2?A．By designing clothes on software.B．By painting animals in various colors.C．By taking photos of animals on the farm.D．By hanging clothes folded in animal shapes.3.(2023年浙江金华一中联考二模）“Anyone knows single parents who can’t afford to get their child’s hair done for school?I will braid(编辫子)it for free!”Brittany Starks wrote on a Facebook post.She decided to offer her hair braiding services after a family friend delivered backpacks full of school supplies,clothing and shoes for Cayden and Ceniyah in early August.“At the time,I didn’t have anything for my kids to start school,”said Starks,who is in between homes and staying with her mother.“It meant so much to me.”What got Brittany Starks to offer her hair braiding service?A．A post on Facebook.B．Her friend’s timely help.C．Her mother’s advice.D．A trip to her kids’school.4.（2023年湖北华中师大一附中模拟预测）HobbitonUnlike the other locations in this list,the Shire is a wholly artificial set,built on a sheep farm on New Zealand‘s North Island.Created for Peter Jackson’s big-screen adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings trilogy,Hobbiton began to draw curious fans shortly after therelease of the first film in the series.In time,what began as a temporary location designed to host a three-month movie shoot has evolved into a Tolkienesque theme park with over350,000visitors annually.Which of the four locations should you visit if you are a big fan of J.R.R.Tolkien?A．Mars(The Martian).B．Jurassic Park.C．Hobbiton.D．King’s Landing.5.（（2023年湖北华中师大一附中模拟预测）I truly believe we all have a very special purpose in life,regardless of who we are or where we come from.After ten years of working for a major Wall Street bank,I wanted to do something challenging.So when I read a Merrill Lynch advertisement looking to hire more stockbrokers(股票经纪人),with great excitement,I made some phone calls and arranged to meet with one of its branch vice presidents.After this interview and interviews with twelve of his top stockbrokers,I eventually landed the job.The first few months was a struggle.I lived on very little commission(佣金).Night after night,I left the office weary and exhausted,ready to give up,yet somehow returning the next morning to start anew day.Eventually,all the hard work paid off.In less than four years,I became one of the top sales people at my branch and increased personal sales by1,700percent.The success earned me a six-figure income,promotion and numerous sales awards.46．Why did the author meet with a Merrill Lynch branch vice president?A．To arrange an interview.B．To make an advertisement.C．To employ more clerks.D．To get a position.6.（2023届湖北省襄阳四中模拟试题）A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered AnimalsFrom New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom.Highlighting43endangered species,the book takes readers on a trip around the world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.MarcovaldoMarcovaldo is a collection of20short stories written by Italo Calvino.Describing the life of a poor rural man living in northern Italy,the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a mon themes in the stories include pollution,failure and poverty.The Art of MondoOver the years,Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films,television shows,and comics such as Jurassic Park.For the first time,The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle:limitless passion for their subject matters.The Coming of the Third ReichThere is no story in20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power and the collapse(坍塌)of civilization in Nazi Germany.The Coming of the Third Reich,by Richard Evans,offers a masterful combination of academic work,important new research and interpretations.Patriarchy and CapitalismChizuko Ueno,a leading Japanese sociologist,feminist critic and public intellectual,has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books,including Patriarchy and Capitalism. 50．Which book will you choose if you are interested in art?A．Marcovaldo.B．The Art of Mondo.C．The Coming of the Third Reich.D．Patriarchy and Capitalism.51．Who cares about women's rights and interests?A．Millie Marotta.B．Italo Calvino.C．Richard Evans.D．Chizuko Ueno.7.（2023年湖南长沙雅礼中学二模）Known on social media as The Sioux Chef,Sean Sherman grew up on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.He is reconnecting the locals of North America with native flavors and ingredients, and working to inspire a generation of indigenous(本土的)chefs to reclaim their cooking past.Pine Ridge in South Dakota contains some of the poorest communities in the country,and it’s out of that environment that Sherman got his first job in the restaurant industry as a dishwasher at a local steakhouse.As he developed a love of cooking,which saw him move to Minneapolis to study Japanese and French cuisines,Sherman realized he didn’t know indigenous recipes.“What were my Lakota ancestors eating and storing away?How were they getting oils,salts and fats and things like that?”Sherman remembered asking himself in an interview on PBS NewsHour.“So it took me quite a few years of just researching,but it really became a passion.”These years of researching,talking to elders,and consulting written material helped him produce The Sioux Chefs Indigenous Kitchen,which in2018won Sherman the James Beard Award for Best American Cookbook.After publishing the book,Sherman opened his restaurant,Owamni,in Minneapolis and created the North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems(NATIFS).It is a professional indigenous kitchen and training center that seeks to create an educational space for native chefs to be trained and develop their skills,and reconnect with their cooking heritage.“Part of our challenge to ourselves was to cut out ingredients that are not native so we stopped using dairy,wheat flour and cane sugar,”he said.He cooks with local ingredients.His choices of meats are the same as those hunted by his ancestors—deer,fish,and birds.“For indigenous people who went through very strong assimilation(同化现象),we lost a lot of our food culture,”Sherman said.“But we’re at a point now where we can reclaim it and develop it for the next generation.To be able to share culture through food will be really healing.”64．What did Sherman realize when he was in Minneapolis?A．He didn’t have enough cooking passion.B．He should spend a few years researching cooking.C．He should write a book about the indigenous recipes.D．He didn’t know his Lakota ancestors’cooking ways and ingredients.65．Sherman set up the NATIFS center to________.A．make money and open his own restaurantB．build an educational space for local childrenC．train and help local chefs to cook local foodD．teach native chefs the most superb cooking skills66．What is a problem for his native cooking culture according to Sherman?A．Very strong assimilation.B．Its high speed of evolution.C．Too much meat in the diet.D．Indigenous recipes that can’t be shared.8.（2023年广东华南师大附中模拟预测）Check out what’s coming soon and what’s in development.Playbill will update these listings when new information is made available.THE COLLABORATION at Samuel J.Friedman TheatreThe play tells a true story in New York.Fifty-six-year-old Warhol’s star is falling.Jean is the new wonder-kid taking the art world by storm.When Jean agrees to work together with Warhol on a new exhibition,it soon becomes the talk of the city.The two artists set foot on a shared journey, both artistic and deeply personal,which redraws both their worlds.ALMOST FAMOUS at Bernard B．Jacobs TheatreBased on the film of the same name in2000,the musical features Pulitzer winner Kitt and a book by Crowe,who earned an Oscar award for writing the original film based on his own teenage experience.The coming-of-age story tracks a15-year-old music fan named William who follows the emerging band Stillwater on tour.THE PIANO LESSON at Ethel Barrymnore TheatreThe play is the fourth in Wilson’s Century Cycl,which digs into the Black experience in every decade of the20th century.Set in Pittsburgh’s Hill District in1936,it centers around a brother and a sister involved in a battle over a piano carved with the faces of their ancestors.KIMBERLY AKIMBO at Booth TheatreKim is a bright and funny high school girl,who happens to look like a72-year-old lady.And yet her aging disease may be the least of her problems.Forced to deal with family secrets,and possible crime charges,Kim is determined to explore happiness in a world where not even time is on her side.68．What kind of play is THE COLLABORATION?A．A romance.B．A life story.C．A fairy tale.D．A sci-fi story. 69．Which theatre should you visit if you want to learn about racial issues?A．Samuel J.Friedman Theatre.B．Bernard B．Jacobs Theatre.C．Ethel Barrymore Theatre.D．Booth Theatre.9.（2023届福建省厦门一中高三下学期二模试题）I have lived in rural America for nine years,first in Michigan,where I got my PhD;then in central Illinois and now in Indiana,where I am a professor.In a place where most people have lived the whole of their lives,I feel like a stranger.There are few things I enjoy more than complaining about my geographic isolation.I’m a vegetarian,so there’s nowhere to go for a nice dinner that isn’t50miles away.I’m black,so there’s nowhere to get my hair done that doesn’t involve another50-mile drive.And the closest major airport is two hours away.What causes the author’s loneliness?A．Dietary habits.B．Racial prejudice.C．Educational differences.D．Identity confusion.10.（2023届江苏南京市盐城市第二次调研试题）In southeastern Brazil,local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet(鲻鱼)On their own,it would be tricky to find the silvery fish.But the humans get help from an unusual partner: wild bottlenose dolphins.With nets in hand,the fishers patiently wait as their cetacean(鲸类的)partners drive the fish toward the shore.A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets.This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations,lasting for more than a century.24．What do the first two paragraphs talk about concerning Brazilian fishers?A．They trick dolphins into fishing for them.B．They harvest more fish with dolphins'help.C．They have been training dolphins over a century.D．They cast the fishing nets when dolphins surface.11.（2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三二模检测试题）Master Gardener Volunteers WantedWhy Become a Master Gardener?The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture,and so on!Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources,by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy(园艺疗法),and by contributing to a safe,abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.What Qualifications Must You Meet?Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener—you don’t need to be an expert or have a degree. You do,however,need to:●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.●Be willing to share horticulture information with others.●Be willing to attend a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education.Besides,to become a Master Gardener volunteer,each applicant needs to complete an application,prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.What Does the Training Involve?Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region.Approximately60hours of classroom instruction and field study and60 hours of volunteer internship(实习)work are required to complete the program and become certified.In order to remain a certified Master Gardener,30hours of volunteer work and10hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year1．What does a Master Gardener do?A．Help raise people’s quality of life by horticulture.B．Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.C．Promote horticultural practices at home.D．Train volunteers to help with gardening.2．What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener?A．Acquiring excellent teaching skills.B．Having some relevant knowledge.C．Completing given training sessions.D．Obtaining rich volunteer experience.12.（2023届湖南省九校联盟第二次联考英语试题）Are you fond of watching films?Does the colorful,natural,or spectacular scenery in the films attract you to travel to their locations?We have selected three gorgeous film locations in China.If you’re a film fan or an outdoor enthusiast,check them out!Fengguo Temple＆The Grandmaster(《一代宗师》)Located in Y’xian county,Jinzhou,Northeast China’s Liaoning province,the Fengguo Temple is a Buddhist temple established in1020,covering a total area of60,000square meters.It is one of only three Liao Dynasty temples still in existence in China.The main hall of the Fengguo Temple is the Buddha hall believed to be one of the largest in the world in ancient times.It is home to the world’s oldest and largest clay sculptures of painted Buddha statues.The Fengguo Temple was designated(指定)as a national foremost protected cultural heritage site in1961and a4A-level tourist attraction in2009.Yunshuiyao Ancient Town＆The Knot(《云水谣》)Situated in Zhangzhou,East China’s Fujian province,Yunshuiyao Ancient Town has a long history and is one of the scenic spots of the world heritage site,the Fujian Tulou.There is a magnificent banyan tree(榕树)group in the town consisting of13banyan trees,some of which are thousands of years old.Yunshuiyao Ancient Town is distinguished for its unique tulou clusters at the foot of the mountain.Fifty-three of these earthen buildings,which were first constructed in the mid Yuan Dynasty,are still standing today.Dajiu Lake Wetland Park＆The Assassin(《刺客聂隐娘》)Located in Shennongjia UNESCO Global Geopark,Central China’s Hubei province,the Dajiu Lake Wetland Park boasts fascinating sceneries.It is a rare subalpine peat marsh wetland in the world’s middle latitude,at an altitude of over1,730meters and with a total area of20,000 hectares.Known as“Hulun Buir of Hubei province”,it is home to nine lakes on the plateau and lush meadows(草地).In the wetland park,there are extensive alpine meadows,wetland ferns(蕨类植物),and some animals,such as storks,cranes,and sika deer,which are valuable for scientific research.1．What is special about Fengguo Temple?A．Its main hall is considered the largest in the world.B．It was designated as a4A-level tourist attraction in1961.C．It is one of only three Buddhist temples in existence in China.D．It houses the world’s oldest and largest clay sculptures of painted Buddha statues. 2．What can we know from the text?A．There are13banyan trees in Yunshuiyao Ancient Town. B．There are unique earthen buildings in Yunshuiyao Ancient Town. C．The Dajiu Lake Wetland Park is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. D．The Dajiu Lake Wetland Park is home to many rare plants and animals.Travel Writing·Starting date:24th April,2023·Duration:8weeks·Time:6:30pm to9:00pm·Occurs:Monday·Fees:£355•Location:OnlineCourse overviewIn this writing for travel course you will learn how to evoke(唤起)a sense of place,structure your story,and how travel writers connect with the travel industry to get“hospitality”.Who is it for?This course is aimed at those with some writing experience who want to develop their ideas for travel writing.It also suits photographers looking to add words to their pictures and bloggers looking to engage more readers.This course is not suitable for those who wish to improve their English.1．How long is the total class hours?A．24hours.B．20hours.C．8hours.D．2.5hours.15.（2023届江苏新高考基地高三4月大联考）It took Schultz a year to convince the Starbucks owners to hire him.When they finally made him director of marketing and operations in1982,he had another idea.This one occurred in Italy, when Schultz noticed the coffee bars that existed on almost every block.He learned that they not only served excellent espressos(蒸馏咖啡),they also served as meeting places or public squares, and there were200,000of them in the country.But when he came back to Seattle,the Starbucks owners resisted Schultz’s plans to serve coffee in the stores,saying the restaurant business was competitive,and it was costly to hire waiters.After all,economic benefits were their primary motivator.Frustrated,Schultz quit and started his own coffee-bar business in1985,named“II Giornale”.It was successful,and two years later,the original Starbucks management sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz for$3.8million.As the company began to expand rapidly in the1990s,Schultz always said that the main goal was“to serve a great cup of coffee”.Asked about the secret of his success,Schultz told us the principles:“Don’t be threatened by people smarter than promise anything but your core values.”24．What caused Schultz to join the Starbucks?A．The pleasant smell of its coffee bean.B．His strong desire to improve himself. C．The owners’impressive work attitude.D．His eagerness to sell more coffeemakers. 25．Which of the following can best describe Schultz’s personality?A．Committed and generous.B．Sociable and helpful.C．Motivated and considerate.D．Determined and creative.26．Why did the Starbucks owners refuse to serve coffee in the stores?A．Many coffee bars had existed in Seattle.B．People preferred tasting coffee at home.C．Workforce was insufficient in the market.D．They tried to avoid high cost of labor force.27．What does Schultz think contributes to his success?A．Learning from smarter people.B．Sticking to his own core values. C．Keeping his business a secret.D．Remembering a set of principles.根据文章选出正确的选项1.（2023年新高考I卷A篇）PricesHand Brake,Three Gears Foot Brake,No Gears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Each additional day€8.00€6.002.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?A.€15.75.B.€19.50.C.€22.75.D.€29.50.2.（2023年新高考I卷B篇）......The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First,he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little,these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks,John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it!Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was pure water.Over the years,John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facilitythat treated sewage(污水)from1,600homes in South Burlington.He also designed aneco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou,a city in southeast China.“Ecological design”is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,”he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”5.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A.To feed the animals.B.To build an ecosystem.C.To protect the plants.D.To test the eco-machine.3.（2023年新高考I卷C篇）The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.8.What is the book aimed at?A.Teaching critical thinking skills.B.Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.C.Solving philosophical problems.D.Promoting the use of a digital device.4.(2023年新高考I卷D篇)On March7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the“wisdom of crowds”effect.The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors,those errors aren’t always the same.Some people will tend to overestimate,and some to underestimate.When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the same errors,then their errors won’t cancel each other out.In more technical terms,the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.If for whatever reasons,people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy of the estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist(转折)on this classic phenomenon.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.For instance,the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from20independent individuals.13.Navajas’study found that the average accuracy could increase even if________.A.the crowds were relatively smallB.there were occasional underestimatesC.individuals did not communicateD.estimates were not fully independent5.（2023年新高考II卷A篇）Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park,and throughout the year.The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone(May26to September2)Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail(小径),camping,or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road,this quick workshop is for you and your family.Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience.Meet at the Canyon Village Store.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics(June5to August21)Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone.Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow.Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.Canyon Talks at Artist Point(June9to September2)From a classic viewpoint,enjoy Lower Falls,the Yellowstone River,and the breathtaking colors of the canyon(峡谷)while learning about the area’s natural and human history.Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place.Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.Photography Workshops(June19&July10)Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&Wide Angles:meet at Artist Point.7/10—Wildflowers&White Balance:meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.2.What is the short talk at Artist Point about?A.Works of famous artists.B.Protection of wild animals.C.Basic photography skills.D.History of the canyon area.3.Where will the participants meet for the July10photography workshop?A.Artist Point.B.Washburn Trailhead.C.Canyon Village Store.D.Visitor Education Center.6.（2023年新高考II卷B篇）Turning soil,pulling weeds,and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.And at first it is,says Abby Jaramillo,who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts,a school garden program at four low-income schools.The program aims to help students develop science skills,environmental awareness,and healthy lifestyles.4.What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?A.She used to be a health worker.B.She grew up in a low-income family.C.She owns a fast food restaurant.D.She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.7.（2023年新高考II卷C篇）In this“book of books,”artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are。