2014年全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级

第二部分阅读判断*第六篇Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients from Therapy1.All patients in the study refuse to receive any treatment because of the possibility to expose their HIV status. B. Wrong2.Worry about breaches in confidentiality of the HIV status has nothing to do with the curative effects on patients.B.Wrongfreely provide their HIV-patients‟ information to those of other institutions. A. Right4.Whether a HIV-infected patient agrees to other (not his) medical workers‟ sharing the information about his HIV status is one of the rights given by the constitution. C. Not mentioned5.Most patients in the study strongly object to breaches in the confidentiality of their HIV status. A. Right6.Quite a few patients will firmly defend their own right if such a breach occurs. B. Wrongmedical circles all over the world. C. Not mentioned*第七篇Food and Cancer1. The results of the new study are unexpected.B.Wrong2. Among the scientists that did the study, there are more Chinese than Americans. C. Not mentioned3. The study lasted for about five years.A.Right4. The rate of cancer of stomach and esophagus in Linxian is the highest in China. C. Not mentionedpartly responsible for the high cancer rate in Linxian. A. Right6. All those people who took part in the study received vitamins and minerals. B. Wrong7. The results of the study are of great significance to people everywhere. B. Wrong*第八篇Stomach Ulcer1. In the past, doctors couldn‟t do anything about stomach ulcers. B. Wrong2. Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers. B. Wrong3. Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life. A. Rightafter many years of experiments. C. Not mentioned5. There has been a change in doctors‟understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers. A. RightA. Rightsusceptible to stomach ulcers. C. Not mentioned*第九篇What Is a Dream?1. Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful. A .Right2. According to Freud,people dream about things that they cannot talk about. A. Right understand oneself. B. Wrong4. In the past,people believed that dreams involved emotions. C .Not mentioned5. According to Dornhoff,babies do not have the same ability to dream as adults do. A .RightA Right7. Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.B Wrong*第十篇Red Meat Links to Higher Risk of Breast Cancer1. Breastfeeding helps women prevent the development of breast cancer to a certain degree.A Right2. Estrogen may contribute to the development of breast cancer as much as hormone replacement therapy.A Right3. The amount of red meat a woman eats is directly proportional to the probability of breast cancer A Rightwith the probability of breast cancer.A Right 5. Any kind of iron in the food is a contributorto the development of breast cancer. B Wrong6. Resveratrol is the fourth factor recently found that causes a breast cancer to develop.B Wrong7. Any kind of wine contains resveratr CNot mentioned 第三部分概括大意与完成句子*第六篇Pregnant Women Warned AboutACE Inhibitor1. Paragraph 2____D_____2. Paragraph 3____F_____3. Paragraph 4____A_____4. Paragraph 5____C_____AB Wide Use of ACE InhibitorsC How to Deal with High Blood Pressure inPregnant WomenD Damage to Pregnant Women's FutureBabiesE Suggestions on Stopping the Use of ACEInhibitorsF Relative safety for Women During the FirstThree Months of Pregnancies5. FDA suggests that pregnant women with highblood pressure should consult _ D _.6. ACE inhibitors are not recommended__B__.babies suffered major disorders ____F____.8. ACE is a risk factor to our body__ A _.A that may cause our blood vessels to becomemore and more narrowB for pregnant women to take during their lastsix months of pregnanciesC that their likelihood to suffer majorproblems is two times higher than other babiesD with their doctors about how to treat theirproblemsE because diabetes during pregnancy maysometimes lead to birth defectsF though their mothers took ACE inhibitorsduring their first three months of pregnancies*第七篇Screen Test1. Paragraph2 ____A____2. Paragraph3 ____B____3. Paragraph4 ____C____4. Paragraph5 ____D____WomanB. Investigating the Effect of ScreeningC. Effects Predicted by Two Different ModelsD. Small Risk of Inducing Cancers fromRadiationE. Treatment of CancersF. Factors That Trigger Cancers5.Early discovery of breast cancermay____C____.6.Advantages of screening women under 50 are____D____.may ____E____.8.Radiation exposure should be ____F____.A. be costlyB. harmfulC. save a lifeD. still open to debateE. reduce the risk of radiation triggering acancerF. reduced to the minimum*第八篇Lung Cancer1.Paragraph 1 __E___2.Paragraph 2 __C___3.Paragraph 3 __B___4.Paragraph 4 __F___B. The Advantages Brought about by RoutineChest CheckupC. Relationship between Mortality RateFrom Lung Cancer and Smoking HabitsD. Operable and Inoperable Lung CancersE. The Increasing Death Rate from LungCancer and Possible CausesF. An Ordinary Type of Lung Cancer5.Routine X-ray chest examination is not sodangerous __D___.6.A primary lung cancer patient may be curedby removing the lung completely __A__.7.People are still not sure __C___.8.The more cigarettes one smokes, __E___.A. before the cancer cells spread elsewhereB. the more chances of dying of X-ray radiationhe will haveC. what is most responsible for lung cancerD. as some people imagineE. the more chances of getting lung cancer hewill haveF. which form of lung cancer is a common one*第九篇Aspirin—a New Miracle Drug1.Paragraph2 __D___2.Paragraph3 __B___3.Paragraph5 __F___4.Paragraph7 __A___B. Pain-relieving and Fever-reducing Effects ofAspirinC. The Ignored Significant ObservationsD. The Origin of AspirinE. An Explanation of Craven‟s ObservationsF. Further Findings of Dr. Vane5.In the middle of the last century Craven made__E___.6.It is Bayer Company __C___.7.There is a prostaglandin ___F__.8.Numerous studies concluded __A___.attacks and stokesB. tw o “double-blind” trials of patients withheart diseaseC. that first produced aspirin for saleD. the unsuspected effect on pain and feverE. important observations on the effects ofaspirinF. that may cause clots to be formed in thearteries*第十篇The Safeness of IUDs HIV-positiveWomen1.Paragraph 2 __B___2.Paragraph 3 __A___3.Paragraph 4 __C___4.Paragraph 6 __E___A.B. Comments on Current GuidelinesC. The Relations of Sexually TransmittedDiseases to IUD ComplicationsD. The Concrete Contents of Current GuidelinesE. A Conclusion of Morrion‟s StudyF. The Relationship Between Cervical HIVShedding and Using IUDs5.According to current guidelines, womenshould not use IUDs __E___.6.Current guidelines barely recommend__A___.study we may conclude __D___.safe contraceptive method for HIV-infectedwomen __B___.A. what contraceptive is good for HIV-infectedwomenB. if they go to see the doctor at regularintervalsC. what a relationship between increasedcervical HIV shedding and the use of oralontraceptivesD. that sexually transmitted diseases mayincrease the risk of IUD complicationsE. if they are HIV carriersF. that taking oral contraceptives is much saferthan using IUDs for HIV-infected women第四部分阅读理解* 第十七篇Eating Potatoes Gives YourImmune System a Boost1.What form of potato is the most nutrient to thehuman body?C Potato salad.2.What does the reduction in leucocyte levels inthe body mean?A It may mean the reduced levels ofinflammation.3.For what a purpose did the researchers useraw potato starch in their experiment?B They wanted to simulate the effects of adiet high in resistant starch.4.All of the following foods are rich in resistantstarch EXCEPTD vegetables.all?D It cannot be digested in the small intestineand ferments in the large intestine.for Elderly Diabetics1. How could most elderly type II diabetics stoptaking insulin?C By doing brisk exercise for half an hour atleast three times a week.ability to utilise insulin byB 30 per cent.3.The subjects of the research tests conducted atthe Copenhagen Central Hospital includedD both A and B.order to achieve the desired effect?A To the degree where they begin to sweat.5.According to Dela, among most diabetics theimportance of exercise is theimportanceof watching their diet.C less understood than1. The writer believes that the populationexplosion results fromC a decrease in death rates.hunting and gathering culturesB infants could be left dead in times ofstarvation.3. According to the passage, which of thefollowing statements about retired people in theUnited States is true?A Many of them have a very hard life.toD the need to take care of a sick and weakperson.writer's attitude toward most of the nursinghomes, and convalescent hospitals?D Critical.* 第二十篇FDA: Human, Animal WasteThreatens Produce1."Food-borne diseases” in this essay meansthose diseasesA which people get by eating fruits andvegetables which have been polluted.2.Some fruit grower groups believe that mostfood-borne diseases are caused byD people involved in distributing freshproduce.3.An FDA official said that putting theguidelines into practiceC would not be very expensive.guidelines because they didn't think that theseguidelinesC would surely be carried out.5.The last paragraph suggests that ?B a good way should be found to encourageforeign growers to follow the FDA guidelines.1.Which of the following statements wouldBowlby support?C The first three years of one's life isextremely important to the later developmentof personality. ,2.Which of the following is derivable fromBowlby，s work?A Mothers should not send their children today care centers before the age of three.3.It is suggested that modern societies differfrom traditional societies in thatA the parents-child relationship is moreexclusive in modern societies.4.Which of the following statements is NOT anargument against Bowlby，s theory?D Parents find the immediate effects of earlyday care difficult to deal with.5.Which of the following best expresses thewriter's attitude towards early day care?C The issue is controversial and itssettlement calls for the use of statistics.* 第二十二篇Egypt Felled by Famine1.Why does the author mention “ pyramid builders" ？D Because even they were unable to rescue their civilisation.responsible for the fall of the civilisation of ancient Egypt?A Change of climate.D The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.4.According to Krom, Egypt's Old Kingdom fellA immediately after a period of drought.5.The word “ devas tating" in the last paragraph could be best replaced byB "damaging".After-birth Depression Blamed for1 Woman's Suicide1.Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis?C Inflamed breast.2.It was considered fortunate by Stokes‟ mother in the miserable eventD that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her.3.A patient suffering from "baby blues” may present briefly one or more of the following symptoms EXCEPTA having an intention of suicide.4.How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression?B About one fifth of them.among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?D. C. D Judy Kirby of Indianapolis.*第二十四篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories1. Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence "To sleep. Perchance to file?"?A Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?and mice carried out at Rutgers University?C Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation.3. What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 4?D The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.4. In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage?B The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one's memory.ultimate reason for going to the gym?D To control glucose levels.Nobel Prize Announcements1.Who is NOT a likely candidate for this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?C Linda Buck.2.Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?D He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.3.Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?D The economics prize.probably meansA excitement.5. The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role ofD telomerase in the growth of cancer cells.* 第二十六篇Obesity：the Scourge of the Western World1.It is estimated that there are people suffering from obesity in the world.A 250,000,0002.It seems that the people are least affected by obesity among the developed countriesand areas mentioned in the passage.D Japanese3.Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?C Diabetes.4.What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?C The more body weight one gains，the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.5.From the last paragraph we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludnik to prevent children from being obese would be B to tell them to spend less time watching TV. * 第二十七篇New Attempts to EradicateAIDS Virus1.According to the passage，the attempt toeradicate the AIDS virusA continues to be hopeful.D 16 patients did not go through the wholestudy.3.What do Ho's words "Bear in mind thatundetectable does not equal absent" mean?A AIDS virus can exist in the blood withoutbeing detected.4.How could we prove that the drugs havewiped out the remaining viruses?D By stopping the drugs to see if the viruscomes back.5.Other scientists are looking at experimentsthat are similar in that they are con^nues toshow ...D bold.*第二十八篇Diseases of Agricultural Plants1.How many diseases are known to attackwheat?D Around 40.2.According to this passage, which of thefollowing would a plant disease result in if leftunchecked?D Social upheavals.3.What is the main idea of the secondparagraph?A Some plants have relative immunity to agreat many diseases，while others have asusceptibility to them.can be prevented byB inoculation.5.Which of the following statements is not true?D Symptoms are always helpful inidentifying diseases.’t Drink Alone”GetsNew Meaning1.Researchers have found that the risk of cancerin the mouth and neck is higher with peopleA who drink alcohol outside of mealsur2.Which of the following is NOT the conclusionmade by the researchers about “drinking withmeals”?C It increases by 20 percent the possibility ofcancer in all sites.3.Approximately how many drinks do thelowest-intake group average per day?A 3 drinks.4.Which cancer risk is the lowest among all thefour kinds of cancer mentioned in the passage?B Laryngeal cancer.exposure to alcoholD reduces the risk of laryngeal cancer.*第三十篇Silent and Deadly1. Which of the following is NOT true ofmini-strokes?A. The cause of them remains unidentified.major strokes, it is important toC. seek prompt medical treatment.3. The passage indicates that the symptoms ofmini-strokesB. are frequently hard to recognize.mini-strokes EXCEPT forD. severe headache caused by externalinjury.5. It can be inferred from the passage thatmini-strokes areB. silent and deadly.1. Which of the following is the mostappropriate definition of Flight Distance?C. Distance between an animal and its enemybefore fleeing.it willA. begin to attack.3. According to the passage, social distancerefers toB. psychological distance.word “band” in “We can think of it as a hiddenband that contains the group” (in Paragraph 3)?A. Strip of land5. The example of the children holding handswhen crossing the street in the last paragraphshows thatD. social distance is sometimes determinedby outside factors.*第三十二篇Fruit and vegetables juices as beneficial to healt1. What on earth in both fruits and vegetablesand their juices plays the most important role inreducing risk for diseases?D) Fiber and antioxidant.are less beneficial to reducing chronic diseasedevelopment is _C) incorrect3. The review of the literature has documentedthe important role of fruit and vegetable juicesin reducing the risk of various disease,________ in particular.B) cancer and cardiovascular diseasethat using various 100% fruit and vegetablejuices contributed to a reduced risk for A)Alzheimer’s disease5. People who drink 3-4 servings of fruit andvegetable juices weekly may ________ risk ofdeveloping Alzheimer‟s disease ________ thosewho drink only once a week.B) have three quarters lower, than*第三十三篇In-line Skating and Injuries.1. How many people took part in in-lineskating in the US in 1995?C. Fewer than 17. 7 million.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned asthe most common reason for injuries?A. Skating with wrist and elbow wounds.3. What are the things experts might NOTadvise youngsters to wear?D. Boots and thick clothes.4.“Truck-surfing”meansB. skating while holding onto a movingtruck.5. According to the last paragraph, bumpingwith a motor vehicle took up of the deathsreported since 1992.A. over 80%第五部分补全短文第六篇Why Do People Shrink?Did you ever see the movie Honey, IShrunk the Kids? It‟s about wacky dad (who‟salso a scientist) who accidentally shrinks hiskids with his homemade miniaturizinginvention. Oops! The kids spend the rest of themovie as tiny people who are barely visiblewhile trying to get back to their normal size.dramatic or sudden at all. It takes place overyears and may add up to only an inch or so offof their adult height(maybe a little more, maybeless). And this kind of shrinking can‟t bemagically reversed, although there are thingsthat can be done to stop it or slow it sown. Butwhy does shrinking happen at all?older, they generally lose some muscle and latform their bodies as part of the natural agingprocess. Gravity (the force that keeps your feeton the ground) takes hold, and the bones in thespine, called vertebrae, may break down ordegenerate, and start to collapse into oneanother. They end up pressing closer together,which makes a person lose a little high andbecome shorter.But perhaps the most commonof osteoporosis.Osteoporosis occurs when too muchspongy bone tissue (which is found inside ofmost bones) is broken down and not enoughnew bone material is made. Over time, bone issaid to be lost because it‟s not being replacedBones become smaller and weaker and caneasily break if someone with osteoporosis isinjured. Older people—especially women, whogenerally have smaller and lighter bones tobegin with—are more likely to developosteoporosis. As years go by, a person withosteoporosis shrinks a little bit.Did you know that every day you do ashrinkin g act, too? You aren‟t as tall at the endof the day as you are at the beginning. That‟sbecause as the day goes on, water in the disks ofthe spine gets compressed (squeezed) due togravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don‟tworry, though. Once yo u get a good night‟s rest,your body recovers, and the next morning,you‟re standing tall again!第七篇Reinventing the TableAn earth scientist has rejigged the periodictable to make chemistry simpler to teach tostudents.There have been many attempts to redesignthe periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleevit upin 1871But Bruce Railsback from theUniversity of Georgia says he is the first tocreate a table that breaks with tradition andshows the ions of each element rather than justthe elements themselves.“I got tired of breaking my arms trying toexplain the periodic table to earth students，” hesays，criss-crossing his hands in the air andpointing to different bits of a traditionaltable.Railsback has still ordered the elementsac，cording to the number of protons they have.density，helping to explain which ions reactwith which.Geochemists just want an intuitive sense ofwhat's going on with the elements，“ saysAlbertGaly from the University of Cambridge “Iimagine this would be good for undergraduates .Railsback has listed some elements more thanonce. He explains that sulphur，for example，sulphide，which is found in minerals，one forsulphite，and one for sulphate，which is foundin sea salt，for instance.He has also included symbols to show whichions are nutrients，and which are common insoil or water. And the size of element's symbolreflects how much of it is found in the Earth'scrust..第八篇Research Shows Walking Can Lift DepressionNew research by German scientists shows that author Charles Dicknes was onto a good thing when he took long, brisk walks to relieve periodic bouts of depression. The author of Oliver Twist and David Copperfield would walk for hours in the 1860s as an antidote to intense feelings of sadness which alternated with restless euphoria. This is also the advice that experts from the Free University in Berlin are giving to dayAerobic exercise like rapid walking can be more effective at lifting depression than drugs, reported the scientists led by Dr. Fernando Dimeo. They studied 12 people with severe depression that had lasted an average of nine months The team found that in 10 of thesesubstantial improvement. The team devised an exercise regime for the group that involved walking on a treadmill for 30 minutes every day. According to the regime, intense activity lasting three minutes was alternated with walking at half speed for three minutes The intensity of the training programme was stepped up as the heart rate adapted. A measurement of depression severity was taken at the start and the end of the programme, and patients were asked to rate their own mood regularly over a 10-day period. The researchers in Berlin found that after 10 days of the course six patients felt “substa ntially less depressed”. The number included five who had not found any relief using drug treatment. Two were slightly less depressed, while four others remained unchanged. Depression levels overall fell by a third and on the self-assessed scores by 25 percent, said the researchers whose findings appeared in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.The study was small but the extent of the improvement was said by scientists to be impressive. The outcome indicated a clinical benefit which could not be obtained with pharmacological treatment currently available, they said.Nineteenth century doctors would have called Dickens‟s condition melancholia since the psychological condition of depression was unknown. Dickens biographer Peter Ackroyd says th e author‟s son Charles remembers his father‟s “heavy moods of deep depression” and many times of “intense nervous irritability”, something modern psychologists would certainly recognize. 第九篇U.S.，European Drug OfficialsApprove Inhaled InsulinA form of insulin for people with diabetesto take by mouth is expected to be sold within afew months. The new medicine is calledExubera.1 The United States Food and DrugAdministration2 and the EuropeanCommission3 both recently approved it foradults. It could make life easier for manydiabetics who require daily injections of insulinto control their blood sugar levels. But it willnot replace all insulin injections. And it is notfor everyone. People who smoke or havestopped smoking for less than six monthsshould not take Exubera. Some patients withlung disease should not take it either._Three drug companies -- Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventisand Nektar Therapeutics -- developed theinhaled insulin. Pfizer recently bought the rightsto sell it worldwide. Experts say about fifteentake it. The treatment can involve severalinjections each day.Insulin is a hormone that the body uses tochange food into energy. Failure to controlblood sugar levels can lead to serious problems,including blindness and loss of blood flow tothe feet. It can also lead to heart disease, strokeand kidney failure.4 Insulin has been sold as adrug since the nineteen twenties. This is the firstnew way to take it. Exubera uses a powderbreathed into the lungs through a mouthpiece.Pfizer will study the long-term effects. It sayssome patients have reported a mild cough whileusing the inhaled insulin. People are advised tohave their lungs examined before using Exubera,and at least once a year after that.Many people do not know they have diabetes.There are two forms. Most diabetics have theType Two form. Their body does not makeenough insulin or cannot effectively use theinsulin it produces. It is common in people whoare overweight and not active. Most Type Twodiabetics do not take insulin. Their medicinescan be taken by mouth. Diet, exercise andweight control are also important. Type Onediabetes often begins in childhood. With thistype the body is unable to produce insulin.Officials say diabetics with either type coulduse inhaled insulin, either before or after a meal.But Type One diabetics and some with TypeTwo would still need a longer-lasting injectionat least once a day.第十篇：How Deafness Makes It Easier to HearMost people think of Beethoven'shearing loss as an obstacle tocomposing music.However, he producedhis most powerful worksin the last decade of his life when he wascompletelydeaf.This is one of the most glorious cases ofthe triumph of will overadversity, but hisbiographer, Maynard Solomon, takes adifferentview. Solomon argues that Beethoven'sdeafness "heightened" hisachievement as acomposer. In his deaf world Beethovenexperiment, free from the sounds ofthe outsideworld, free to create new forms and harmonies.Hearing loss does not seem to affect themusical ability of musicianswho become deaf.They continue to"hear" music withasmuch, or greater, accuracy than if they wereactually hearing it being played.Michael Eagar, who died in 2003,became deaf at the age of 21 . He described ahappened withinthree months:" my former musical experiencesbegan toplay back to me. I couldn't differentiatebetween what I heard and realhearing. 2 Aftermany years, it is still rewarding to listen totheseplaybacks, to ' hear' music which is new tome and to find many quietaccompaniments forall of my moods. "How is it that the world we see, touch,hear, and smell is both"out there" and at thesame time within us? There is no betterexampleof this connection between external stimulusand internal perceptionthan the cochlearimplant. Noman-made device could replace theability to hear. However, it might be possible touse thebrain's remarkable power to make senseof the electrical signals the implantproduces.When Michael Edgar first" switchedon" his cochlear implant,the sound's he heardwere not at all clear. Gradually, with much hardwork, hebegan to identify everyday sounds. Forexample," The insistent ringing ofthe telephonebecame clear almost at once. "The primary purpose of the implant isto allow communication withothers. Whenpeople spoke to Eagar, he heard their voices"coming throughlike a long-distance telephonecall on a poor connection. " But when itcame tohis beloved music, the implant was of nohelp. When he war, ted to appreciate music,Eagar played the piano .piano as Iused to and hear it in my head at thesame time. The movement of my fingers andthefeel of the keys give added ' clarity' to hearingin my head. ''Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear againin a way that is notperfect, but which canchange their lives. Still, as Michael Eagardiscovered, when it comes to musicalharmonies,heating is irrelevant . Even the mostamazing cochlear implantswould have beenuseless to Beethoven ashe composed his NinthSymphony at the end of his life.第六部分完形填空*第六篇Once-daily Pill Could SimplifyHIV TreatmentSciences have combined many HIV drugs into asingle pill Sometimes the best medicine is morethan one kind of medicine. Malaria, tuberculosisand HIV/AIDS,2 for example, are all treatedwith combinations of drugs. But that canmean a lot of pills to take. It would be simplerif drug companies combined all the medicinesinto a single pill, taken just once a day.Now, two companies say they have done thatfor people just starting treatment for HIV, thevirus that causes AIDS. The companies areBristol-Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences.They have developed a single pill that3Bristol-Myers Squibb sells one of them underthe name of Sustiva.4 Gilead combined theothers, Emtriva and Viread, into a single pill inCombining drugs involves more than technicalissues. It also involves issues of competition ifthe drugs are made by different companies. Thenew once-daily pill is the result of what isdescribed as the first joint venture agreement ofits kind in the treatment of HIVIn January the New England Journal ofMedicine5 published a study of the new pill.Researchers compared its effectiveness to6 thatof the widely used combination of Sustiva andCombivir. Combivir contains two drugs,AZT7 and 3TC.8one year of treatment, the new pill suppressedHIV levels in more patients and with fewerside effects.9 Gilead paid for the study.Professor Joel Gallant at the Johns HopkinsSchool of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, ledthe research. He is a paid adviser to Gilead andBristol-Meyers Squibb as well as the maker ofCombivir, GlaxoSmithKline.Glaxo Smith Kline reacted to the findings bysaying that a single study is of limited value. Itsays the effectiveness of Combivir has beenshown in each of more than fifty studies.The price of the new once-daily pill has notbeen announced. But Gilead and Bristol-MyersSquibb say they will provide it at reduced costto developing countries. They plan in the nextfew months to ask the United States Food andDrug Administration10 to approve the new pill.There are limits to who could take it because ofthe different drugs it contains. For example,pregnant women are told not to take Sustivabecause of the risk of birth disorders.11 Expertssay more than forty million people around theworld are living with HIV*第七篇ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length oflife, it is common experience that a certainamount of regular exercise improves the healthFurthermore, exerise which involves play andrecreation, and relieves nervous tension andmental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasantbut beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise oneshould take merits careful consideration.Theyoung woman thrill with the exhilaration ofstrenuous sports. They fatigue to the point ofexhaustion but recover promptly with a periodof rest. But not so with those of middle ageand beyond. For them moderation is of vitala given age can safely take is question hard toanswer. I ndividual variability is too great topermit of generalization. A game of tennis maybe perfectly safe for one person of forty butfolly for another. The sage limit for exercisedepends on the condition of the heart, thecondition of the muscles, the type of exercise,and the regularity with which it is taken. Twogeneral suggestions, however, will serve assound advice for anyone. The first is that thecondition of the heart and general health shouldbe determined periodically by careful,thorough physical examinations. The other isthat exercise should be kept below the point ofphysical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose_depens upon one‟s physical condition. Youngpeople can safely enjoy vigorous competitivesports, but most older persons do better tolimit themselves to less strenuous activities.Walking, swimming, skating are among thesports that one can enjoy and safely participatein throughout life. Regularity is important if oneis to get the most enjoyment and benefit out ofexercise.。