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第五讲文言虚词而于(生)

第五讲文言虚词而于(生)

第五讲：文言虚词“而”“于”一、课前热身：《马价十倍》①有人卖骏马者，比②三旦立市，人莫知之。

往见伯乐曰：“臣有骏马欲卖之，比三旦立于市，人莫言，愿子还③而视之，去而顾之，臣请献一朝④之费。

”伯乐乃还而视之，去而顾之，一旦⑤而马价十倍。

注释：①选自《战国策·燕策》。

《战国策》，西汉末年刘向校正编订。

共三十三篇，记载了战国时期各国政治、军事、外交方面的一些活动，着重记录了谋臣的策略和言论。

刘向，除编订《战国策》外，还编有《说苑》等书。

②比：副词，接连地。

③还：通“环”环绕。

④朝：早晨。

⑤一旦：一天。

1、解释句中加点的词。

（1）往见．伯乐曰（2）愿子．还而．视之（3）去而顾．之（4）伯乐乃．还而视之2、与“去而顾之”中的“去”的意义不同的一项是( )A、去死肌B、游人去而禽鸟乐也C、则有去国怀乡D、黄鹤一去不复返3、从下面选出与“去而顾之”中的“而”字用法相同的一项是( )A、后狼止而前狼又至B、学而时习之C、峨冠而多髯者D、出淤泥而不染4、本不懂得货色，而“名家”说好就认为好，人云亦云，这样不加分析地盲目地虚推、崇拜对吗?请谈谈你的看法。

二、知识归纳：而“而”主要作连词用，可以表示以下关系：①并列关系，一般不译，有时可译为“和” 、“又”、“而且”。

例如：中峨冠而多鬓者为东坡。

起坐而喧哗者。

生于忧患而死于安乐也。

舍鱼而取熊掌者也。

敏而好学，不耻下问。

永州之野产异蛇，黑质而白章。

秦师轻而无礼。

锲而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。

蟹六跪而二鳌②承接关系，可译作“就” 、“接着” 、“然后” ，或不译。

例如：温故而知新，可以为师矣。

尉剑挺，广起，夺而杀尉。

环而攻之而不胜。

（前一个“而”表示承接关系）日出而林霏开择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之③转折关系，译作“但是” 、“可是” 、“却” 。

例如：出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖。

欲信大义于天下，而智术浅短。

人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝。

高中英语真题：第五讲 介 词

高中英语真题：第五讲 介 词

第五讲介词一、高考中高频介词in，on，at，between，among，for，after，before，through，across，with，without，about，since，from，as，like，into，besides，except，by throughout，from behind，because of，according to, in spite of，in addition to...二、介词考点透析1．介词介词是用于名词词组或相当于名词词组结构表示词语间语义关系的词类。

就其构成来说，可分为：简单介词(about)，复合介词(within)，双重介词(by means of)，分词介词(including)。

2．after，in的用法after，in都可与终止性动词连用，用于将来时态。

但after后接时间点，in后接时间段。

如：(1)Come and see me in two or three days' time.两三天后来看看我。

(2)I'm busy now.I will go to see you after seven tonight.我现在正忙着，今晚七点后我再来看你。

3．besides，except，but，but for，except for的用法(1)Your composition is good except_for some spelling mistake s.(except for 除去……，指整体中除去部分)你的作文写得很好，就是有几处拼写错误。

(2)The window is never opened except in summer.(except除去……)除了夏天，这个窗户从未开过。

(3)But_for your help，I couldn't have passed the examination.(but for要不是，表虚拟条件)要不是你的帮助，我就不能通过考试。

现代汉语第五讲课件

现代汉语第五讲课件
现代汉语第五讲
第二种类型是词根加词缀构成的附加式的合成词。 这种类型里又可细分为几种情况：
I.词根加前缀构成的。现代汉语中的前缀有“老、 阿、可”等。如：
老：老师
老鹰
阿：阿爸
阿妹
可：可爱
可靠
现代汉语第五讲
Ⅱ.词根加词缀构成的。如： 子：胖子 兔子 儿：花儿 鸟儿 性：独立性 狂热性 者：作者 读者 化：军事化 自动化
所谓联绵字是指两个音节连缀成义而又不能拆开来解 释的词。联绵字有几种形式，即双声的、叠韵的以及非双 声叠韵的。
音译词也是单纯词的一种，它是用汉字来翻译外来词 声音的结果。不论原词的结构形式如何，一音译成汉语词 就成为一个不可分割的整体，所以在汉语里音译词就意义 而言应属于单纯词之列。
现代汉语第五讲
2．由两个语素或两个以上的语素通过一定的结构方式 构成的词是合成词。
现代汉语第五讲
Ⅳ 动宾型（也叫支配式） 这种词的两个词根之间存在支配和被支配的关系，
前一词根表示动作或行为，后一词根表示动作行为所 支配的对象，如“带头”、“伤心”、“吹牛”。
现代汉语第五讲
Ⅴ 主谓型（也叫陈述式） 这种词的两个词根之间有陈述和被陈述的关系。
如“头痛”、“眼花”、“心疼”、“自卫”、 “胆怯”、“霜降”。
现代汉语第五讲
现代汉语词汇是古代、近代汉语词汇的继承和 发展，是汉语词汇发展的新阶段，同时，由于社会 政治、经济、科学文化的巨大发展变化，大量的现 代词产生了，因此现代汉语词汇就形成了一个非常 丰富、发达的庞大的整体。这个庞大的整体不仅能 随时满足人们日常交际交流思想的需要，而且还能 够涉及古今中外，天上、地下的任何一种专门性的 交际需要。
第五讲
词汇、词汇单位 和词的构成

第五讲 摘要、关键词、引言、结语、后记(致谢)

第五讲 摘要、关键词、引言、结语、后记(致谢)
标题、摘要、关键词、引言、结语、 第五讲 标题、摘要、关键词、引言、结语、 后记（致谢） 后记（致谢）
一、标题、摘要及关键词（中文） 标题、摘要及关键词（中文）
（一）标题 题目应是论文内容的高度概括。 题目应是论文内容的高度概括。 好的论文题目能大体反映出作者研究的方向、 好的论文题目能大体反映出作者研究的方向、 成果、内容、意义。 成果、内容、意义。 题目引用语要确切、简洁、精炼、通俗和新颖。 题目引用语要确切、简洁、精炼、通俗和新颖。 题目要专一，开掘要透，道理要深，立意要新。 题目要专一，开掘要透，道理要深，立意要新。 题目能概括文章的特定内容，一般不超过20个 题目能概括文章的特定内容，一般不超过20个 20 汉字。 汉字。
（二）摘要 1．摘要的定义及主要内容 摘要是指摘录下来的要点， 摘要是指摘录下来的要点，主要是表述论文的主要 观点。 观点。 摘要的内容包括：一是简要概括论题的意义， 摘要的内容包括：一是简要概括论题的意义，二是 将论文的主要内容表述为阐述论文观点的一段话。 将论文的主要内容表述为阐述论文观点的一段话。 关于摘要的字数（期刊论文、硕士学位论文）。 关于摘要的字数（期刊论文、硕士学位论文）。
（四）摘要的英译问题 国家标准GB7713-87中规定： 报告、论文一般均应有摘要， 国家标准GB7713-87中规定：“报告、论文一般均应有摘要， GB7713 中规定 为了国际交流，还应有外文（英文）摘要” 为了国际交流，还应有外文（英文）摘要”。 法学论文英文摘要直接关系到法学科研成果在世界范围的传播 和交流；同时国际上一些重要检索机构，如美国工程索引（EI） 和交流；同时国际上一些重要检索机构，如美国工程索引（EI）对 非英文论文通过阅读英文摘要来判定是否收录。 非英文论文通过阅读英文摘要来判定是否收录。 英文摘要与中文摘要面向不同读者， 英文摘要与中文摘要面向不同读者，所以对英文摘要要求较高 的完整性， 读者不看中文原始文献， 的完整性，即读者不看中文原始文献，只读英文摘要就能对论文有 较完整的了解。它相对独立于正文， 较完整的了解。它相对独立于正文，即英文摘要要以精炼的语言介 绍文章的要旨、论点、结果和分析以及结论、建议等， 绍文章的要旨、论点、结果和分析以及结论、建议等，让读者了解 全文的概貌。 全文的概貌。

高考英语技巧——从“定语”角度释解形容词、介词和介词短语的用法规则

高考英语技巧——从“定语”角度释解形容词、介词和介词短语的用法规则

(5)形容词/副词比较级可以用much, even, still, far, a little, a lot, rather等来修饰。
It was also much more than we could afford, but far less than the original asking price.这个价格仍然远远超出我们能 够负担得起的价位，但是它已经远远低于最初的要价了。
blown away.We are so proud of her.“It's (wonder)．” 解析：wonderful 设空处前有系动词is，应用形容词作 表语，故此处应用形容词wonderful。 3．(全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many
(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists. 解析：traditional 设空处修饰名词stories，此处应用形 容词形式，故填traditional。
healthy and
(meaning) college experience.
解析：meaningful 设空处与前面的形容词health为并列 关系，共同修饰空格后的college experience，由此可知， 此处也应用形容词形式，故填meaningful。
5．(浙江 6 月高考)School uniforms are
A＋谓语＋倍数＋that＋ of＋B＝A＋谓语＋倍数 ＋what引导的名词性从 句
When you study the local map, you'll find this town is twice the size of that one. 当你研究当地的地图时，你会发现这座城镇 是那座(城镇)的两倍大。

Unit5重点词汇讲解讲义-高中英语人教版

Unit5重点词汇讲解讲义-高中英语人教版

Book 1 Unit 5 导学案1.billion /ˈbɪljən /n. 十亿数以十亿计的；大量的They have spent billions of dollars on the problem.2.native /ˈneɪtɪv/adj. 本国的，本土的Chinese is our native language.be native to...原产于Panda is native to China.n. 本地人，当地人 a native of Heze3.attitude /ˈætɪtju:d/n. 态度；看法a positive /negative /firm attitude to对…积极/消极/坚定的态度We should develop a good attitude to/towards life. 我们应该树立良好的生活态度。

4.refer /rɪˈfɜ:(r)/vi. 提到；(referred, referred, referring)refer to 谈到；提到The expert referred to volcanic eruption at least three times in his speech.vi. 参考；查阅refer to a dictionary查词典reference /ˈrefrəns / n. 指称关系；参考reference books 参考书5.system /ˈsɪstəm /n.体系；系统The Chinese writing system: connecting the past and the present.汉语书写系统：连接过去和现在a transport system 运输系统educational system 教育体制ecosystem生态系统6.despite /dɪˈspaɪt /prep. 即使；尽管despite the many ups and downs in its history 尽管在历史上有许多起起伏伏尽管…的事实She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.in spite of/despite+doing可以转换成though/although 引导的从句He always did well at school despite/in spite of doing part-time jobs every now and then.= He always did well at school although/though he did part-time jobs every now and then.7.ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups would mean nothing.当生活很艰难，你想要放弃的时候，请记住，生活充满了起起落落，如果没有低谷，那站在高处也失去了意义。

初中英语语法精讲讲义(完整版)

(内部资料) 2018.1目录第一讲名词第二讲冠词第三讲代词第四讲数词第五讲介词第六讲形容词和副词第七讲连词第八讲情态动词第九讲非谓语动词第十讲时态第十一讲被动语态第十二讲祈使句、倒装句、反意疑问句和感叹句第十三讲宾语从句第十四讲定语从句第十五讲状语从句第十六讲主谓一致第十七讲情景交际第十八讲词义辨析附录I 重点短语概述一、概述语法是研究词形变化和句子结构的科学，研究词形变化的部分成为词法(名词的数、格，动词的时态、语态)，研究句子结构的部分称为句法(句子成分、语序，句子种类)。

二、英语词类词类英语作用在句中成分例词1名词n.表示人或物的名称主、宾、表、定、同位mother, son 2形容词adj.表示人或物的特征定、表、补、状big, small 3数词num.表示数目或顺序主、宾、nine, first 4代词pron.代替名词,数词主语宾语定语he, him, his 5动词v.表示动作或状态谓come, write 6副词adv.表示动作特征或性状特征状、表very, slowly 7冠词art.用在名词前说明其意义不做成分a, an, the8介词prep.用在名代前说明它与别的词之间的关系不做成分for, from, to 9连词conj.用来连接词与词或句与句不做成分and, but, if 10感叹词interj.表示说话时的感情或口气不做成分oh, ow三、句子成分句子中有两个最重要最基本的成分，主语和谓语。

除了主语和谓语，句子有时还有其他成分，宾语、定语、状语、表语等。

主语：一般位于句首，说明所要讲述的对象或主体，表示要说的“谁”或“什么”，一般由名词、代词或名词性的词类、短语或从句充当。

We often practise speaking English after class.Your father’s car is new.Watching English films is a good way to learn English.谓语：位于主语之后，说明主语的情况（动作或状态）---“做什么”“是什么”“怎么样”。

2020年重大版高考英语复习 介词与介词短语

第五讲介词与介词短语单句语法填空1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m a scientist who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching for these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.3. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree in_ engineering or architecture.4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat with their hands.5．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s.6．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.一、介词1．表示方位的at, in, on, to, beside/by和near2．表示方位的between和among3．表示方位的across, through, over和past4．表示时间点的at, in和on5．表示时间段的for和since6．表示交通方式的by, in/on7．表示“用……”的by, in和with8．表示“除……外”的except, except for和besides(1)against的用法(2)beyond的用法(3)over的用法(4)to的用法(5)under的用法(6)with的用法二、介词短语介词的固定搭配考查有两种：一是考查固定搭配中的介词；二是考查介词短语。

备战中考语文古诗文一轮复习精讲精练文言考点讲解

备战2023年中考古诗文一轮复习精讲精练第一部分文言文第五讲：文言考点讲解理解词语，揣摩句子［2019 •泰州改编］阅读下面的文言语段，完成问题。

任元受,事②母尽孝，母老多疾病，未尝离左右。

元受自言：“老母有疾，其得疾之由，或以饮食，或以燥湿，或以语话稍多，或以忧喜稍过。

尽言皆朝暮候之，无毫发不尽，五脏六腑中事皆洞见曲折，不待切脉而后知，故用药必效，虽名医不迨③也。

'‘张魏公作都督，欲辟35之入幕，元受力辞⑥曰：“尽言方养亲，使得一神丹可以长年，必持以遗老母，不以献.公。

况能舍母而与公军事耶？”魏公太息而许之。

（节选自宋•陆游《老学庵笔记》）［注释］①任元受：名尽言。

②事：侍奉。

③迨（ddi）：及。

④辟：征召。

⑤辞：推辞。

1.解释下列句中加点词的意思。

（4分）【考点:理解实词的含义】⑴未尝离左右．．（）（2）或以话语稍．多（）（3）尽言方．养亲（）⑷必持以遗．老母（）2.［改编］下列各句与例句中“以"的意思相同的一项是（）（2分）【考点：把握虚词的意义和用法】例句:其得疾之由，或以饮食A以顺为正者 B以光先帝遗德 C策之不以其道 D不以物喜，不以己悲3.用“/”标出下面句子的两处朗读停顿。

（2分）【考点:停顿、断句】虽名医不迨也4.翻译下列句子。

（4分）【考点:翻译句子】（1）魏公太息而许之。

（2分）译文:_（2）亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也。

（《出师表》）（2分）译文:_ 5.《老学庵笔记》是宋人笔记中的佼佼者。

选文对任元受这一形象的刻画很出色，请简要分析考点一：理解实词的含义【常见题型】1.解释下列句中加点的词语。

2.下列句子中的“X”和例句意思相同/不同的一项是（）3.下列句中加点的词，意思相同/不同的一项是（）4.下列加点词的解释，正确/错误的一项是（）【答题思路】首先,对教材中通假、一词多义、古今异义、词类活用等语法现象熟稔于心，积累词汇。

其次，针对课外文言文，可以采用以下方法来应对：1.课内迁移法;2.组词法;3.语境推测法。

《精编中考语法专项练习》第5讲：介词

奥风英语《精编中考语法专项练习》第五讲：介词Ⅰ.中考真题演练1.－What does your new English teacher look like?－She is a pretty lady ________ long hair.A. atB. forC. withD. of2. English is my favorite subject, and I am good ________ it.A. forB.toC. atD. of3. No one can be successful ________ hard work．A. throughB. forC. withD. without4. Sam likes trekking ________ the jungle, because he thinks it's exciting.A.overB.underC.acrossD.through5.－When was David born?－He was born ________ June 12，1989.A. AtB.inC.onD.for6. My father has a habit of jogging ________ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the morning .A. betweenB. alongC. overD. through7. —What do you think of Zhou Libo?—I think he does well ________ talk shows. Many people like him.A. inB. onC. at8. ________ the afternoon of June 2nd, many foreigners arrived ________ Shanghai.A. In; atB. On; toC. In; inD. On; in9. The 30th Olympic Games will be held in London ________ about six weeks this year.A. atB. onC. afterD. in10. A terrible earthquake happened in Japan ________ march, 2011.A. toB. onC. inD. at11. —I joined the League ________ may, 2009. What about you?—I’ve been a League member ________ three years.A. in; forB. on; inC. on; forD. in; since12. Sometimes most of us probably are angry ________ our friends, parents or teachers.A. toB. withC. atD. for13. I go to school ________ bus every morning.A. inB. onC. atD. by14. She had to sell the house even though it was ________ her own wishes.A. aboveB. onC. againstD. for15. The boy has breakfast ________ homeA. onB. fromC. inD. at16. We’ll have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant, which is famous ________its seafood.A. ofB. toC. forD. as17. The food ________ my country is quite different ________ that here.A. in; likeB. to; fromC. from; toD. in; from18.—Would you like some coffee?—Yes, and please get me some milk, too. I prefer coffee ________ milk.A. toB. withC. thenD. of19. I hear our teacher will be back ________ three weeks' time.A. aB. inC. forD. after20. Wushu is becoming more and more popular ________ foreigners.A. amongB. forC. inD. to21. If you are able to get tickets tomorrow, please tell me ________ phone.A. atB. byC. onD. through22. —Your sweater looks nice, is it made of wool?—Yes, and it’s made ________ Shanghai.A. byB. inC. forD. from23. Taiwan is part of China. It is ________ the southeast of our country.A. toB. onC. inD. at24. My parents usually take a walk ________ dinner to keep healthy.A. atB. ofC. duringD. after25. We couldn't finish our work so early ________ your help.A. withoutB.withC. forD. by26.— What does your English teacher look like?—She’s tall and thin ________ long hair.A. haveB. hasC. there isD. with27. —My old friend White is going to visit me.—We haven’t seen each other ________ five years .A. sinceB. afterC. for28. What a" nice day! We should go sightseeing ________ watching TV in the hotel.A. because ofB. instead ofC. together withD. out of29. —How do you study for a test?—________ working with friends.A. ByB. WithC. On30. Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it will be open ________ five years.A. inB. forC. fromD. before31. Hundreds of students came to Shaoxing to work ________ the World Chair Games in 2010.A. atB. withC. forD. on32. I like music that I can dance ________.A. fromB. byC. withD. to33. —Could you please provide us ________ some information about the students’ health?—Of course, it’s my pleasure.A. toB. ofC. fromD. with34.—Guess, how much does it cost?—I think it costs ________15 and 20 dollars.A. fromB. betweenC. amongD. with35.—When did your uncle arrive ________ China?—He got to Guangzhou ________ the morning of the 16th of April.A. at; inB. in; inC. to; onD. in; on36. If you do things ________, usually you can’t do them well.A. in a hurryB. from now onC. just nowD. at once37.—Where have you been these days?—I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend________.A. in ChineseB. of JapanC. of American'sD. from Canada38. —Can a plane fly ________ the Atlantic Ocean ?—Yes, but it needs to go ________ the clouds for hours.A. across; throughB. through; acrossC. across; acrossD. through; throughⅡ. 基础巩固练习一. 选择填空1. —When will Mr. Black come to Beijing?—_______ September 5.A. OnB. ToC. AtD. In2. The boys felt sad as they lost ________ the girls in the talk show.A. byB. inC. toD. on3. I often go shopping with my mother ________ Sunday mornings.A. inB. atC. forD. on4. The foreigners arrived ________ Shanghai late ________ night.A. at, atB. in, atC. in, inD. at, in5. Kelly cooked dinner ________ her parents while they were cleaning the yard.A. withB. forC. toD. about6. My father goes to work ________ his car.A. byB. inC. onD. /7. If you work harder _________, I think you can do better in the coming exam.A. just thenB. beforeC. from now onD. once8.—I think drinking milk is good ________ our health.—Yes. I agree _______ you.A. for; withB. to; toC. with; toD. at; with9. —I’m sorry I can’t finish the work on time.—That’s nothing. But you must finish ________ half of the work today.A. at mostB. in the leastC. at leastD. at times10. _______ Sunday mornings, my mother and I often go shopping.A. InB. AtC. ForD. On11. —How often do you watch TV?—Maybe _______. You know, we’re students in Grade 3, so we don’t have much time.A. in the eveningB. for twenty minutesC. once a weekD. about one month12. The headmaster said the School Art Festival will be put off ________ the bad weather.A. becauseB. forC. because ofD. since13. ________a player，I'm looking forward ________ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. For；atB. As；toC. With；forD. Of；to14. —When did your uncle arrive ________ China?—He got to Guangzhou ________ the morning of the 16th of April.A. at; inB. in; inC. to; onD. in; on15. —You are so lucky.—What do you mean ________ saying that?A. forB. inC. ofD. by16. Not only rich men become presidents (总统). ________, Lincoln was born poor.A. After allB. At onceC. In factD. For example17. I study for a test ________working with a group.A. inB. byC. atD. to18. Bob goes to the Children’s Palace every day _________ Sunday. Every Sun day he helps his mother with housework at home.A. onB. inC. duringD. except19. Hangzhou is famous producing silk in China.A. fromB. atC. inD. for20. ______ Thanksgiving Day Americans usually eat the pies ______ pumpkins.A. For, withB. On, withC. In, inD. At, of二. 用适当的介词填空1. —How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?—I’m going there ________ my car.2. Mum, today is Moth er’s Day. Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _______ us at Zhonglou Restaurant.3. _______ the beginning of this term, I met my new friend, Jim.4. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures _______ a camera.5. Could you tell me if there is a flight to the capital _______ March, 25th?6. We all agree ________ you. Let’s start at once.7. There is a big shop ________ the other side of the road.8. I’ve got a present ________ you.9. You should take more exercise. It’s good _______ your health.10. It is clear that fish cannot live ________ water.11. The eraser was passed ________ one student to another.12. Look, the farmer is carrying apples _______ a truck.13. You can buy some school things ________ your way home.14. He just finished writing a new book ________ politics.15. I’m afraid he is at the cinema ________ the moment.Ⅲ. 中考模拟强化练习1. –Oh, so many people in the amusement park!-Nobody likes to stay at home ________ Sunday morning.A. inB. onC. at2. Before 1990 there was no airline _________ the two cities.A. alongB. inC. betweenD. among3. In which of the following places can you often see this sign?A. In a park.B. In a school.C. In a science museum.D. In a street.4. Kate was very excited and her eyes were _________ tears.A. full withB. filled ofC. full ofD. filled for5.–Tom, how do you like this book?-It’s the best _________ the detective novels, I think.A. forB. aboutC. insideD. among6. ________ your help, I can’t get the i nformation about Hawaii easily.A. WithB. WithoutC. UnderD. Below7. -When did Hong Kong return to our motherland?-________July 1st, 1997.A. OnB. InC. AtD. For8. Safety glasses are used _________ protecting your eyes.A. fromB. byC. toD. for9.–Where do you often exercise?-I often exercise in a park. It’s close to my house. (词语释义)A. next toB. nearC. behindD. in front of10. I usually walk to school, but _________ bus when it rains.A. inB. byC. withD. at11. -How did you learn swimming when you were young?-________. It was not very hard.A. By seaB. By riverC. By myselfD. By the way12. _________ the bad weather, the swimming match had been put off.A. BecauseB. Thanks toC. With the help of13. –How are you going to the Summer Palace?-We’re going there ________ bike.A. forB. atC. ofD. by14. An underground railway is being built ________ Guangzhou and Foshan.A. alongB. fromC. between15. Oh, it’s you, Ella! Your voice sounds very different ________ the phone. What’s happening?A. fromB. inC. ofD. on16. -How are you going to the Summer Palace?-We’re going there _________ bike.A. forB. atC. ofD. by17. It is important _________ us students to make a plan ________ our studies before a new term starts.A. for, forB. of, forC. to, ofD. with, on18. Many kinds of new cars were ________ in Nanning on May 1st, 2004.A. on showB. on landC. on earthD. on watch19. You must stand ________ line when you are waiting ________ a bus.A. on; inB. in; forC. in; onD. on; for20. Before 2003, there was so direct airline _________ Taiwan and the mainland.A. amongB. throughC. inD. between答案及解析第五讲：介词Ⅰ.中考真题演练1. C with表示“有；具有”。

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第五讲介词一、高考中高频介词in，on，at，between，among，for，after，before，through，across，with，without，about，since，from，as，like，into，besides，except，by throughout，from behind，because of，according to, in spite of，in addition to...二、介词考点透析1．介词介词是用于名词词组或相当于名词词组结构表示词语间语义关系的词类。

就其构成来说，可分为：简单介词(about)，复合介词(within)，双重介词(by means of)，分词介词(including)。

2．after，in的用法after，in都可与终止性动词连用，用于将来时态。

但after后接时间点，in后接时间段。

如：(1)Come and see me in two or three days' time.两三天后来看看我。

(2)I'm busy now.I will go to see you after seven tonight.我现在正忙着，今晚七点后我再来看你。

3．besides，except，but，but for，except for的用法(1)Your composition is good except_for some spelling mistakes.(except for 除去……，指整体中除去部分)你的作文写得很好，就是有几处拼写错误。

(2)The window is never opened except in summer.(except除去……)除了夏天，这个窗户从未开过。

(3)But_for your help，I couldn't have passed the examination.(but for要不是，表虚拟条件)要不是你的帮助，我就不能通过考试。

(4)I have few friends but you.(but除……外，没有……)除了你，我没什么朋友。

(5)I have quite a few friends besides you.(besides除……外，还有……)除了你，我还有几个朋友。

4．as，with的用法as，with都有“随着……”之意。

as为连词，后接从句；with 为介词，后接名词或名词短语。

如：(1)As the day went on，the weather got worse.随着白天过去，天气变得更糟了。

(2)With the production up by 60%，the company had another excellent year.随着产量上升了60%，公司又收获了一个好年景。

5．as，like的用法as指身份、资格，意为“作为”，like用于说明相似关系，即两者在形态或特性上有相似之处，但并不等同。

如：(1)Like most students，she was always prepared and never came to class late.像许多学生一样，她总是做好预习，上学从不迟到。

(2)As the chief engineer，you should answer for this terrible accident.作为总工程师，你应该为这次事故负责。

6．but/except/besides/in与that引导的宾语从句一般介词后不能跟that引导的宾语从句，只有在but，except，besides，in后才偶然见到that引导的宾语从句(in that...意为“在……方面”、“既然……”)。

如：(1)He is a good student except that he is sometimes late for school.他是个好学生，只不过有时会迟到。

(2)We ask nothing from you but that you should try to be a useful man to the society.我们对你无所求，只是你应该努力做个对社会有用的人。

(3)He differs from his brother in that he looks farther ahead in his work.他与他哥不同的是他在工作中看得更远些。

7．with的用法(1)Would you like to go to the cinema with me？(和……一起)你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？(2)Temperature varies with the time of the year.(随着)一年中时间不同，气温也不同。

(3)A waiter arrived with a cup of tea.(携带，带来，带走)服务员带来一杯茶。

(4)She was trembling with fear.(指原因或理由)她怕得发抖。

(5)with＋宾语＋宾语补足语如：①With time passing，they have become more experienced.随着时间的流逝，他们变得更有经验了。

②She lay in the chair with her eyes closed.她双眼紧闭，躺在椅子上。

③With all the problems solved，we could have a good rest.所有的问题都解决了，我们可以好好休息一下了。

8．without的用法without表示“如果没有”，常隐含虚拟条件。

句中如有without，需特别注意句中的动词形式。

此外还需注意without的词汇意义，不要误用。

如：I wouldn't have entered this famous university without your help.Thank you very much.没有你的帮助，我不能考入这所名牌大学。

非常感谢！9．常考的固定搭配♨温馨提示：对固定搭配中介词的考查是语法填空的常考热点，因此多记固定搭配不仅有助于提高写作水平，而且可提高语法填空的得分率。

强化训练Ⅰ.用适当的介词填空。

1．After graduation, I became a citizen working in a city.________the first college graduate out of a remote village, my success set an example to my folks.2．The brothers successfully received a patent(专利) in 1906________their Flying Machine.3．Modern airplanes today are very different________the first Flying Machine.4．It was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover，and this left the deepest impression________thestudents.5. In 1783 he started composing poetry________a traditional style using the Ayrshire dialect of Scots.6．Boss, only one person is selling watermelon，$ 1.2 per kg, and $ 10________10 kg.7. When they climbed up the table，there were a large piece of bread，fruit and cheese________it.8．Now，ninety years later，there are a score of Berry schools in the area，________a total of over one thousand students and a waiting list of about five thousand.9．He explains why credit card has been charged________the reservation.10．The man________the front desk said there had been a mistake.11．The only reason a man would sell salt________a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.12．And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect________the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.13．The new boy looked at the teacher________a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.14．I didn't want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn'tlike leaving him________his own either.15. After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to change the way I got on________others.16．...and one doesn't need to have an ear________music to notice their lack of talent.17．...has a history dating back over 1，000 years, and its famous castle has been there________about the 8th century.18．... it pushes up in an irregular way, making your breath come out differently________how it normally does.19．The rabbit dug________hours, and with every new hole the dog complained even more about how difficult this was, even for the rabbit.20．This report points to a lack of opportunities for girls and women in education and work, which contributes________their poverty and lack of power.21．They recently bought audiphones for four orphans________hearing problems and small tape recorders for three blind children.22.Police officials have said that at least fifteen people have died after the sightseeing boat Ilinden，________50 Bulgarian tourists on board，sank in a lake in western Macedonia.23．During one visit________the Pacific Islands of Tonga, aspecially­prepared dinner was arranged in her honor.24.I wondered who he wanted to give the doll______．So I walked towards him and asked him all about it.25．Besides，you will experience some stress and anxiety when you are living in a different culture with different values________your own.26．“Oh，”he thought for a while and then took out a ten-yuan note________his wallet.27．I won't come back________midnight，so it's________to you to get everything done.28．This shop will be closed for repairs________further notice.29.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you________the tough years.30．An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are________it.31．The athlete's years of hard training paid ________when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.32．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the airconditioning system broke________．33．It's surprising that your brother picked________Russian so quickly－he hasn't lived there very long.34．Armed with the information you have gathered，you canset________preparing your business plan.35．I've got________the habit________calling my mother ________my way________school.Ⅱ.请在空格处填入一个适当的介词。