北京大学版博士生综合英语词汇教案unit5

1 Unit Four Text: The Many Faces of the Future Samuel P. Huntington 1. elite : n (常作贬义) ) social social social group group group considered considered to to be be be the the the best best best or or or most most most important important important because because because of of of their their power, talent, wealth, etc （由于有权力、 才能、 财富等）被视为最好的或最重要的社会集团; 精英; 尖子: the ruling, scientific elite 掌权的、 科学方面的精英 | an elite force, regiment 精锐部队、 团. ---All ---All the the the glamorous glamorous glamorous Washington Washington elite elite were were were at at at the the dinner that evening. ---Only a small elite can afford to send their children to this school. ---The Parachute Regiment are the elite of the British armed forces. ---The ---The President President has has been been been accused accused accused of of of developing developing policies in favor of a small elite.2. scenario: pl. scenarios [C], n (pl ~s) 1（电影、影、 戏剧等的）脚本、戏剧等的）脚本、 剧情概要等. . 2 2 2 imagined imagined sequence of future events 想像中的未来事情的顺序: a possible scenario for war 战争中可能出现的情况. ---Imagine a scenario where only 20% of people have a job. possible/likely/plausible/worst-case/nightmare scenario ---Under a likely scenario , world population will double by 2050. ---The worst-case worst-case scenario scenario was that that he he would would have have have to to have an operation.More Examples: ---A A common common common scenario scenario is is that that that a a a woman woman woman marries marries marries and and sacrifices her career for her husband. ---In a worst-case scenario all life on the planet would be wiped out by a nuclear war. ---This is every politician's nightmare scenario. ---Under the most hopeful scenario, it will take 20 years to clean up the mess.3. fad : : n n n something something something that that that is is is fashionable fashionable fashionable for for for a a a short short short time; time; =craze; =craze; fashion, fashion, fashion, interest, interest, interest, preference, preference, preference, enthusiasm, enthusiasm, enthusiasm, etc etc that is not likely to last 流行的时尚、流行的时尚、 爱好、爱好、 狂热等: ---Will --Will T om T om continue continue continue to collect to collect stamps or is it it only a only a passing fad?汤姆还在集邮呢, 还是热劲已过? ---Interest in organic food is not a fad, it's here to stay. ---Is blogging a fad? ---They know this is just another fad. ---This is not simply a passing fad. Ø faddish: faddish: =faddy, =faddy, intensely intensely fashionable fashionable fashionable for for for a a a short short time, 风行的，时尚的，流行的风行的，时尚的，流行的 Ø faddist ：a person who subscribes to a variety of fads 4. recipient : n ~ (of sth) person who receives sth 接受者. ---The ---The federal federal federal Family Family Family Support Support Support Act Act of of 1988 1988 1988 required required many welfare recipients to participate in education, training, or work. ---Three minutes later, the computer prints out a list of of 60 60 60 names names names of of of suitable suitable suitable recipients, recipients, recipients, together together together with with their relevant data.5. gadget : n small mechanical device or tool 小机械; 小器具: a complicated new gadget for opening tins 复杂的新开罐器. ---A sales assistant was demonstrating several kitchen gadgets to a crowd of shoppers. ---He showed her several electronic gadgets , such as a watch that you can use as a phone. ---It's a clever little gadget which you can use to cut vegetables into attractive shapes. Ø gadgetry: n [U]小机械, 小器具（统称）: lots of modern gadgetry 很多现代化的小机械. ---I don't understand how all this electronic gadgetry works. ---The gadgetry is impressive but what are its human applications?6. antagonistic : adj ~ to/towards sb/sthshowing or feeling antagonism; hostile; averse 对抗的; 敌对的: 同义词： hostile, hostile, adverse, adverse, adverse, opposed, opposed, resistant---He's always antagonistic towards new ideas. 他总是抗拒新思想。

北京大学版博士生综合英语词汇教案unit1Unit OneText: The Burden of Womanhood1.mash: v ~ sth (up)将…捣成糊状:mashed potatoes, turnips, etc土豆泥、萝卜泥---Mash the fruit up (with a fork) so that the baby can eat it.（用叉子）把水果戳烂孩子就能吃了.---Boil the potatoes and then mash them up.mash: n [U]（由谷物、糠、麸等煮成的）饲料;糊状物; 土豆泥:a mash of wet paper and paste湿纸和糨糊的混合物bangers and mash香肠和土豆泥masher: n 捣碎器（用以捣碎马铃薯等的炊具）2. oleander: (见插图)3. dollop: n (口) shapeless lump of sth soft, espfood （软而不成形的）一团, 一块（尤指食物）:a dollop of cream, jam, mashed potato, etc一团奶油、果酱、土豆泥等.4. pregnant: adj 怀孕的, 妊娠的; ~ with sth: 充满着…的,富于…的; 可能产生某事物的:---She was six months pregnant, ie had been pregnantfor six months.---She is/got pregnant by another man.是另一个男子使她怀孕的.pregnant with joy, meaning, possibilities洋溢着喜悦之情的、富有意义的、具有各种可能性的pregnant with consequences, danger 可能产生重大影响的、造成危险的a pregnant pause/silence耐人寻味的或意味深长的停顿/沉默---There was a pregnant pause before she answeredmy question.她耐人寻味地停顿了一下才回答我的问题.---His only reaction was a pregnant silence.他唯一的反应是一阵意味深长的沉默.---There was a long silence - what I think might be called a pregnant pause.---Every phrase in this poem is pregnant with meaning.pregnancy: n怀孕; 孕期; 妊娠期:discomfort caused by pregnancy因怀孕而引起的不适a pregnancy test妊娠试验---These drugs should not be taken during pregnancy.这些药物在孕期内不得服用.---She's had three pregnancies in four years. 她在四年中怀孕三次.---Many women find their skin is at its best during pregnancy.5. dowry: n [C, U] 嫁妆; 嫁奁;---I set aside a good dowry and other things for her. 6. condemn: v ~ sb/sth (for/as sth)谴责, 责备; ~ sth (assth)官方宣称…有缺陷或不宜使用; ~ sb (to sth/todo sth)宣告某人要受的惩罚,（尤指死刑）; 使…接受不好的某事物, 使某人注定:---We all condemn cruelty to children.我们一致谴责虐待儿童的行为.---The papers were quick to condemn him for hismistake.报纸及时地指摘他的错误.---She is often condemned as uncaring. 她常因不关心别人而受到责难.---The meat was condemned as unfit for humanconsumption.这种肉已宣布不适宜食用.---The pool was closed after being condemned as ahealth hazard.condemn sb to death/hard labour判处某人死刑/劳役---He was found guilty and condemned to be shot. 他被判有罪, 处以枪决.---His nervous looks condemned him. 他神色紧张, 显出有罪的样子.---As an old person, one is often condemned to livealone.老年人常出于无奈而独自生活.---His occupation condemned him to spend longperiods of time away from his family.condemnation: n [U] 谴责; 判罪; 注定many condemnations of her action对她行为的多方谴责7. drudgery: n [U] hard boring work 繁重、乏味的工作:the endless drudgery of housework 无尽无休的、单调乏味的家务soulless drudgery 无聊的繁重工作---Calculators were introduced to relieve students ofthe drudgery of pencil-and-papernumber-crunching.8. gauge: v测量（尤指精确地）; 估计, 判定; 判断;precision instruments which can gauge the diameter to a fraction of a millimetre可测出直径几分之一毫米的精密仪器.gauging the strength of the wind from the movement of the trees凭树的摇动估计风力.trying to gauge reactions/sympathies/sentiments试图判定各种反应、同情程度、观点---It was difficult to gauge how people would respond.大家的反应如何难以估计.---I gauged that it was not a good moment to speak to her.---It is difficult to gauge what the other party's nextmove will be.---I looked at Chris, trying to gauge his reaction.---In Maine, people gauge whether spring has arrivednot by groundhogs, but by skunks.---It relies on textbooks, repetitive problem-solvingand drills to gauge what students know.gauge: n. (US also gage) n 标准量度（尤指宽度或厚度）; （火车或电车轨道的）轨距; 计量器;（用以作出估计或判断的）事实, 环境; 方法; 尺度: the gauge of a sheet of metal金属板的厚度---What gauge of wire should we use for this job?我们干这活应该用多大号的铅丝?standard gauge 标准轨距narrow/broad gauge 窄轨/宽轨a petrol, pressure, rain, speed gauge汽油量表、压力计、雨量计、速度计---Is a person's behaviour under stress a reliable gauge of his character?人在受到压力时的行为能作衡量其品性的可靠尺度吗?---Retail sales are a gauge of consumer spending.---The tests will give parents a gauge of how their children are doing.---How hard writing was for each of us was a gauge of how serious we were.9．mortality: n [U]终有一死; 死亡率; （疾病、灾难等造成的）大量死亡---Infant mortality (ie The rate at which babies die) was 20 deaths per thousand live births in 1986.1986年的婴儿死亡率为生育成活率的千分之二十.---Mortality from heart disease varies widely acrossthe world.---Doctors are reminded of their mortality every day.mortal: adj 终有一死的; fatal致命的; 不共戴天的;极大的; 极度的:---All human beings are mortal.人总有一死.a mortal wound, injury, etc致命的伤、伤害等mortal enemies 不共戴天的敌人---The collapse of the business was a mortal blow to him and his family.公司倒闭是对他及其家庭的致命打击.live in mortal fear, terror, danger, etc 生活在极度的恐惧/恐怖/危险等中---The computer has dealt a mortal blow to traditional printing methods.---Our health service is in mortal danger.mortal: n human being 人: (谑)---They're so grand these days that they probablydon't talk to ordinary mortals like us any more.他们这些日子神气活现, 大概不再和我们这样的普通人说话了.---She dines in the executive suite, while we lessermortals use the staff cafeteria.mortally: adv致命地; 极, 很, 非常:mortally wounded 受致命伤mortally afraid害怕得要命.immortal: adj不朽的; 永世的; 流芳百世的; 永存的:---The soul is immortal.灵魂不灭.the immortal Shakespeare 不朽的莎士比亚immortal fame/glory不朽的名声/荣耀immortal: n不朽的人物; 千古流芳之士:---Beethoven is regarded as one of the immortals of classical music.贝多芬被认为是不朽的古典音乐大师.immortality: n [U]不朽; 永存:man's belief in immortality 人类对永生的信念10. anthropology: n [U] study of mankind, esp of its origins,development, customs and beliefs 人类学（对人类的研究, 尤指研究其起源, 发展, 风俗, 信仰）11. eradicate: v destroy (sth) completely; put an end to (sth)根除, 消灭; 结束:---Smallpox has almost been eradicated.天花几乎已消灭.attempts to eradicate crime 力图根除罪恶的行动---He spoke about what is necessary to eradicate AIDS.---The disease has been eradicated from the Westernworld through the use of vaccines.12. ingrained: adj（指习惯、习性等）根深蒂固的, 一成不变的; （指尘土、污迹等）积深而难于清除的:ingrained prejudices, suspicions, assumptions, etc由来已久的成见、怀疑、臆见等deeply ingrained dirt积聚得很深的污垢.13.relegate: v [尤用于被动语态] ~ sb/sth (tosth) 使…降级、降职或降低地位:---I have been relegated to the role of a mereassistant.已经把我降到只任助手的工作了.relegate old files to the storeroom 把旧文件存入储藏室---Will Spurs be relegated to the third division?斯珀尔斯队会降为丙级队吗?---Women tended to be relegated to typing and filing jobs.14. prostitute: n 卖淫者; 娼妓; 妓女; 男妓.prostitute: v (贬) ~ oneself卖淫, 当男妓; 作践（自己）, 滥用（自己的才能等）（尤指为图利）:---She prostituted herself in order to support her children.她为养活子女而操皮肉生涯.---Friends from the theater criticized him forprostituting his talent in the movies.---But health policy is often prostituted to thedemands of industry and commerce.15. inherit: v ~ sth (from sb) 继承（财产、头衔等）; 因遗传而获（特性等）; 从前任接过:a young man inheriting an estate, a title, etc (fromhis father)继承（父亲的）地产、头衔等的年轻人---She inherited a little money from her grandfather.她从祖父处继承了一小笔钱财.---She inherited her mother's good looks and herfather's bad temper.她生来就有母亲的美貌和父亲的坏脾气.---This government has inherited many problems fromthe previous one.上届政府遗留给本届政府很多问题.inheritance: n ~ (of sth) (from sb/sth)继承; 遗传; 遗赠物:---The title passes by inheritance to the eldest son.这头衔按世袭传给长子.the inheritance of good looks from one's parents(fig 比喻)得自父母遗传的美貌inheritance tax 遗产税---When she was 21 she came into her inheritance.她21岁时获得遗产.inheritor: n 继承人legacy: n遗赠产, 遗赠的财物; 先人或过去遗留下来的东西:the cultural legacy of the Renaissance 文艺复兴时期的文化遗产---His weak chest was a legacy of a childhood illness.他那瘦弱的胸脯是儿时患病的后遗症---The invasion left a legacy of hatred and fear.---She received a small legacy from her aunt.16. banish：v ~ sb (from sth) exile放逐; （自心中）排除（想法等）:---He was banished (from his homeland) for life. 他被终生流放（他乡）.banish fear消除恐惧---She banished all thoughts of a restful holiday (fromher mind).她（从心里）打消了过一个宁静假日的想法.---The study should banish any doubts about women's ability to handle the pressures of business.banishment: n [U] 流放: lifelong banishment终身流放17. attorney: n（业务或法律事务上的）代理人; 律师（尤指有资格代表当事人出庭者）:power of attorney代理权 a letter of attorney授权书18. condone: v 容忍（过失）; 宽恕; 原谅:condone violence, adultery, fraud, etc 宽恕暴行、奸情、欺诈行为等---Not punishing them amounts to condoning theircrime.不惩罚他们就等于纵容他们的罪行.---I'm not condoning his behaviour, but I canunderstand why he wanted revenge on hisdaughter's attacker.---Some parents feel that making birth controlavailable to teenagers somehow condones sexualactivity.---The state has managed both to condone and to condemn prostitution.19. infanticide: n 1 [U] (a)杀婴（杀害婴儿的罪行）: commitinfanticide 犯杀婴罪.20. sporadic: adj偶发的; 偶见的; 仅在少数地方发生或见到的: 同义词：intermittentsporadic showers 阵雨sporadic raids, gunfire, fighting 零星的袭击、炮击、战斗.---Sporadic gunfire continued through the night.---Our advertising campaigns have been too sporadic to have had a lot of success.21. Madras:22. amniocentesis: ()23. fetus: foetus n胎儿; 胚胎. Cf 参看embryo .--- It was a foetus - a few cells - not yet a baby.---The main importance of the virus, however, lies inits capacity to infect the foetus in utero ( ). 24. abortion: n [U]人工流产, 堕胎, 打胎; 已经完全失败的计划或行动---Many people are anti-abortion. 很多人反对人工流产.---She had an abortion. 她做了人工流产.miscarriage: n 流产, 小产; (商)（货物的）误送, 误投; （计划等的）失败:have/suffer a miscarriage流产miscarriage of goods, freight, letters, etc 商品、货物、信件等的误送the miscarriage of one's hopes, schemes, etc希望、规划等的落空.---She had two miscarriages before she had her firstchild.---One in five pregnancies ends in miscarriage.stillbirth：a birth in which the baby is born dead ---For women who've had previous miscarriages,abortions or stillbirths, anxiety can beparticularly acute.abort: v (医)使流产, 使堕胎; （使某事物）中止, 夭折:abort an expectant mother, a deformed foetus, the pregnancy为孕妇, 因为胎儿畸形, 为终止妊娠做人工流产---She aborted after four months.她怀孕四个月后流产了.abort a space mission中止一次航天任务abort a computer program中止计算机的程序25. caretaker:26. chaste: adj virgin 没有经过性交的; 童贞的;（性生活）忠于配偶的; （风格）简单的, 不修饰的; 纯真的; 有道德的:--- Girls were expected to remain chaste until marriage.---A woman's chastity is considered as her highestvirtue and all Hindu traditional literature extolsthe greatness of a chaste woman.27. bride: n新娘; 新婚的妇女.bridegroom: (also groom) n 新郎; 新婚的男子:---Let's drink (a toast) to the bride and bridegroom!让我们举杯向新娘和新郎祝贺!bridesmaid: n女傧相; 伴娘.best man：---The bride walked to the church with the bestman with the groom following.28. lug: v (-gg-) 用力拉或拖:lugging a heavy suitcase up the stairs拖着沉重的衣箱上楼---She had to lug the kids around/about/along all day. (fig infml) 她得整天带着孩子。

Unit 5 The man who could beat AIDSD avid Ho has already helped the world control HIV with powerful new drugs. For his next trick,he'd like to eradicate itDavid Ho已经帮助世界通过强大的新药控制HIV。

对于他的下一个技巧，他想根除它。

1，何博士在2007年的艾滋病会议期间坐在观众面前，演示者在屏幕上闪现了一个卡通片。

与他的同事一起，何先生笑着一个蒙着眼睛的棒球运动员的形象，在一个传来的音调强劲地摇摆。

但是，像科学家们所喜欢的，他们也是如此; 他们知道卡通中的玩家是他们。

一个秋千和一个小姐，形象是说，许多人在长期抗击艾滋病战斗之一。

2，Ho得到了信息。

在将近四分之一个世纪，他和其他艾滋病科学家一直不断地。

咽，没有接触，因为艾滋病毒一次又一次地阻碍了他们。

强大的药物，以减少艾滋病毒可以做到这么多。

为了流行这种流行病并真正预防艾滋病毒，只有疫苗会做。

问题是，没有疫苗战略曾经成功地阻止病毒感染新的主机，这在不久的将来不太可能改变。

“棒棒球的形象”Ho说。

“我认为它准确地描绘了我们成功的机会，我们都感到沮丧。

3，自那次会议以来，情况发生了很大变化，但是发展有效艾滋病疫苗的根本问题仍然存在。

积极的一面是，2009年，科学家宣布，他们已经开发了第一个疫苗，以显示对艾滋病毒感染的任何影响- 尽管所有措施，这种影响是适度的。

该疫苗降低新发艾滋病毒感染风险的能力31％远远低于公共卫生专家通常认为的传染病疫苗最低阈值的70％至90％。

甚至更进一步落后的发展，但仍有希望，是由一组研究人员在一些实验室工作的两个新的抗体，至少在一个菜，似乎中和病毒，阻止感染健康细胞的企图。

4，然而，对这些进步的兴奋已被2007年的一个谦逊的撤退的仍然未加工的回忆，在一个预期的射击被认为失败后，被缓和。

教学目标：1. 理解并掌握本单元的核心词汇和短语。

2. 通过阅读、听力、口语和写作等活动，提高学生的英语综合运用能力。

3. 培养学生对英语文化背景知识的了解，拓宽视野。

教学重点：1. 理解并掌握本单元的核心词汇和短语。

2. 提高学生的阅读、听力、口语和写作能力。

教学难点：1. 学生对英语文化背景知识的了解。

2. 学生在口语和写作中运用所学知识的能力。

教学过程：一、导入1. 通过图片或视频展示本单元主题相关的内容，激发学生的学习兴趣。

2. 提问学生关于图片或视频的问题，引导学生思考。

二、阅读1. 学生自主阅读课文，理解文章大意。

2. 教师引导学生分析文章结构，总结段落大意。

3. 学生找出文章中的生词和短语，教师进行讲解和扩展。

三、听力1. 学生听录音，回答问题，检查对文章内容的理解。

2. 教师播放听力材料，让学生跟读，提高口语表达能力。

四、口语1. 学生分组讨论课文中的话题，分享自己的观点。

2. 教师组织学生进行角色扮演，模拟课文中的场景。

五、写作1. 学生根据课文内容，完成一篇短文写作。

2. 教师对学生的写作进行点评，指出优点和不足。

六、总结1. 教师对本单元所学内容进行总结，强调重点和难点。

2. 学生回顾本单元所学知识，提出疑问。

教学资源：1. 教材《全新版大学英语综合教程3》2. 多媒体课件3. 课外阅读材料4. 听力材料教学评价：1. 学生对课堂活动的参与度。

2. 学生对课堂内容的掌握程度。

3. 学生在写作和口语表达中的表现。

教学反思：1. 教师应根据学生的实际情况，调整教学策略，提高教学效果。

2. 注重培养学生的英语综合运用能力，提高学生的英语水平。

英语：Unit5lesson2BeijingOpera教案（北师大版模块2）Lesson2 Beijing Opera教案Te aching aims:1.To practise using general knowledge to think of possible answers before listening.2.To practise getting the general idea when listening for the first time.3.To practise identifying key words to listen for.4.To practise asking for, giving and refusing permission.Teaching material:Lesson2, Unit 5, Module 2Teaching aid: A multimedia computerTeaching procedures:Stage 1 Lead-in■In pairs, students look at the photographs and guess the possible answers to the questions, using their bac kground knowledge.■ Check the answers with the class.■ Introduce more about Beijing Opera:1.Beijing Opera dates back to the 18th century.2.It is a combination of acti ng, talking, singing, music, dancing and acrobatics.3.The costumes are always in bright colour.Stage 2 Before you start■ Students study the words and the definitions in pairs and guess the possible definition for each word or phrase.■ Check the answers as a class and make sure students und erstand all the new words.Stage 3 Look and judge1.When did Beijing Opera start?2. How many main roles are there in Beijing Opera?3. What are the main instruments played in it?4. Match the main roles with their names:sheng male roles with brightly painted facesdan female rolesjing clown roleschou male rolesStage 4 Find out the definition■ Students study the words an d the definitions in pairs and guess the possible definition for each word or phrase.■ Check the answers as a class and make sure students understand all the new words.Step 5 ListeningUse the Strategies :Listen & answer the questions.1.What skills do Beijing Opera actors need to have?2. Where was Beijing Opera performed at the beginning?3. Why does it ha ve very loud music and a piercing singing style?4. Why do performers wear brightly coloured costumes?Step 6 TapescriptStage7 ReadingRead the last part of the programme and answer the questions:1.What does the stage look like in Beijing Opera?2.How do symbols play an important role in Beijing Opera?Stage 8 Useful ExpressionsStage 9 Listening■ Students lis ten to the dialogue and make notes about Li Ming and Zhu Meiling.。

Book1 unit5 Section A1 be diagnosed in=be infect with 被感染2 be slow in doing sth 滞留，缓慢3 in place of=take place of 代替4 suffer from a lack of money 遭受资金匮乏5 hand out 分发，散发6 keep sth around=at hand 在手边7 wait for one’s appointments 等待他的约会8 on the job 工作中9 set up=found 建立10 speak to your community in a way they can hear11 a low literacy rate 低教育12 pass out 分发，混到，失去知觉13 hand-drawn pictures 手绘14 have an effect in 影响15 play a vital/important role in 扮演重要角色16 at risk 危险17 regardless of marriage status 无论婚姻状况18 solution to the crisis 解决危机的方法19 wipe out 消灭，彻底摧毁20 distract sb from... 使分心21 this is undeclared war 不宣而战22 sign up for 报告参加23 feel comfortable (in) doing sth 感到舒服24 guard against 防止...发生Section B1 thrust sb into the air 把...推向空中2 push off 推迟3 be close to 接近4 lose control 失去控制5 be worried about 担心6 in haste 匆忙7 approach sb 靠近...8 be ahead=take the frist place 领先9 endanger one’s lives 伤害...生命10 natural parents 亲生父母11 call sb names 骂人12 call one’s names 叫...名字13 feel good about myself 自我感觉良好14 prior to the finals 决赛前15 assist sb to do sth 帮助...16 this is an enjoyable triumph 胜利17 HIV-positive18 have a shot at sth 尝试，企图...19 make it 成功20 start with 开始。

北京大学考博英语必备词汇知识点历年考博英语知识的运用的考查点都离不开词汇、语法和结构的运用，对于考博英语词汇后缀词也是要求同学们着重记忆的，下面育明考博张老师整理汇总了各种情况下常用的词汇后缀词，希望方便同学们更好的复习。

需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

一.具有抽象名词的含义1)-acy,表示性质，状态，境遇accuracy,diplomacy2)-age,表示状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称courage,storage,marriage3)-al,表示事物的动作，过程refusal,arrival,survival,denial,approvalb)表示具体的事物manual,signal,editorial,journal4)-ance,-ence表示性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度endurance,importance,diligence,difference,obedience5)-ancy,-ency,表示性质，状态，行为，过程frequency,urgency,efficiency,6)-bility,表示动作，性质，状态possibility,feasibility,7)-craft,表示工艺，技巧woodcraft,handicraft,statecraft(治国策)8)-cracy,表示统治，支配bureaucracy,democracy9)-cy,表示性质，状态，职位，级别bankruptcy(破产)，supremacy10)-dom,表示等级，领域，状态freedom,kingdom,wisdom11)-ery,-ry,表示行为，状态，习性bravery,bribery,rivalry2.具有某种职业或动作的人1)-an,-ian,表示……地方的人，精通……的人American,historian2)-al,表示具有……职务的人principal3)-ant,-ent,表示……者merchant,agent,servant,student4)-ar,表示……的人scholar,liar,peddler5)-ard,-art,表示做……的人coward,laggard(落伍者)，braggart(夸张者) 6)-arian,表示……派别的人，……主义的人humanitarian,vegetarian7)-ary,表示从事……的人secretary,missionary8)-ant,表示具有……职责的人candidate,graduate9)-ator,表示做……的人educator,speculator(投机者)10)-crat,表示某种政体，主义的支持者democrat,bureaucrat11)-ee,表示动作承受者employee,examinee12)-eer,表示从事于……人engineer,volunteer13)-er,表示从事某种职业的人，某地区，地方的人banker,observer,Londoner,villager14)-ese,表示……国人，………地方的人Japanese,Cantonese15)-ess,表示阴性人称名词actress,hostess,manageress16)-eur,表示……家amateur,litterateur17)-ian,表示……地方人，信仰……教的人，从事……职业的人Christian,physician(内科医生)，musician18)-ician,表示精通者，……家electrician,magician,technician19)-icist,表示……家，……者，……能手physicist,phoneticist,technicist20)-ic,表示……者，……师mechanic,critic21)-ie,表示爱，指小dearie,auntie,lassie(小姑娘)22)-ier,表示从事……职业cavalier,clothier,brazier(黄铜匠)23)-ine,ina,表示阴性人称heroine,ballerina24)-ist,表示从事……研究者，信仰……主义者pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist 25)-ive,表示动作者，行为者native,captive26)-logist,表示……学家，研究者biologist,geologist(地质学家)27)-or,表示……者author,doctor,operator,28)-ster,表示做……事情的人youngster,gamester(赌徒)，songster29)-yer,表示从事……职业者lawyer12)-ety,表示性质，状态variety,dubiety(怀疑)13)-faction,-facture,表示作成，……化，作用satisfaction,manufacture14)-hood,表示资格，身份，年纪，状态childhood,manhood,falsehood15)-ice,表示行为，性质，状态notice,justice,service16)-ine,表示带有抽象概念medicine,discipline,famine17)-ing,表示动作的过程，结果building,writing,learning18)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示行为的过程，结果，状况action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression, correction19)-ise,表示性质，状态exercise,merchandise(商业)20)-ism,表示制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism21)-ity,表示性质，状态，程度purity,reality,ability,calamity22)-ment,表示行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument23)-mony,表示动作的结果，状态ceremony,testimony24)-ness,表示性质，状态，程度goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness25)-or,-our,表示动作，性质，状态favor,error26)-osity,表示动作，状态curiosity27)-ship,表示情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业hardship,membership,friendship28)-th,表示动作，性质，过程，状态depth,wealth,truth,length,growth29)-tude,表示性质，状态，程度latitude,altitude(海拔)30)-ure,表示行为，结果exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续) 31)-y,表示行为的结果，状态，性质glory,history,victory,inquiry3.带有场所、地方的含义1)-age,表示住所，地点village,cottage2)-ary,表示住所，场地library,granary(谷仓)3)-ery,ry,表示工作场所，饲养所，地点laundry,nursery,surgery(手术室)4)-ory,表示工作场所，住处factory,dormitory,laboratory,observatory4.带有学术，科技含义1)-grapy,表示……学，写法biography,calligraphy,geography2)-ic,ics,表示……学……法logic,mechanics,optics,electronics3)-ology,表示……学……论biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)4)-nomy,表示……学……术astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)5)-ery,表示学科，技术chemistry,cookery,machinery6)-y,表示……学，术，法photography,philosophy5.表示人和事物的总和，集合含义1)-age,baggage,tonnage2)-dom,newspaperdom(新闻界)3)-hood,neighbourhood,womanhood4)-ery,cavalry,ministry(内阁)5)-ure,legislature,judicature6.表示物品和物质名称的含义1)-ant,ent,solvent,constant2)-al,signal,pictorial(画报)3)ar,collar,pillar(石柱)4)-er,boiler,computer,washer,cooker5)-ery,drapery(绸缎)6)-ing,clothing,matting,7)-ment,instrument,equipment,attachment7.表示细小的含义1)-cle,particle,2)-cule,molecule(分子)3)-el,parcel4)-en,chicken,maiden5)-et,pocket,ticket6)-etta,-ette,etto,cigarette,essayette(短文)7)-kin,napkin8)-ling,duckling,9)-let,booklet10)-y,baby,doggy二、形容词后缀1.带有属性，倾向，相关的含义1)-able,-ible,movable,comfortable,applicable,visible, responsible2)-al,natural,additional,educational3)-an,ane,urban,suburban,republican4)-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent5)-ar,similar,popular,regular6)-ary,military,voluntary7)-ice,-atie,ical,politic,systematic,historic,physical,8)-ine,masculine,feminine,marine9)-ing,moving,touching,daring10)-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish11)-ive,active,impressive,decisive12)-ory,satisfactory,compulsory13)-il,-ile,-eel,fragile,genteel(文雅的)2.表示相象，类似的含义1)-ish,boyish,childish2)-esque,picturesque3)-like,manlike,childlike4)-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly5)-some,troublesome,handsome6)-y,milky,pasty3.表示充分的含义1)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful2)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various3)-ent,violent,4.表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义1)-en,wooden,golden,woolen2)-ous,gaseous3)-fic,scientific5.表示方向的含义1)-ern,eastern,western2)-ward,downward,forward6.表示倍数的含义1)-ble,double,treble2)ple,triple3)-fold,twofold,tenfold7.表示数量关系的含义1)-teen,thirteen2)-ty,fifty3)-th,fourth,fiftieth8.表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义1)-an,Roman,European2)-ese,Chinese,3)-ish,English,Spanish9.表示比较程度的含义1)-er,greater2)-ish,reddish,yellowish3)-est,highest4)-most,foremost,topmost10.其他的含义-less,表示否定countless,stainless,wireless三、动词后缀1.-ize,ise,表示做成，变成，……化modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2.-en,表示使成为，引起，使有quicken,weaken,soften,harden3.-fy,表示使……化，使成beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify中国考博辅导首选学校4.-ish,表示使，令finish,abolish,diminish,establish5.-ate,表示成为……,处理，作用separate,operate,indicate四、副词后缀1.-ly,possibly,swiftly,simply2.-ward,-wards,downward,inwards,upward3.-ways,always,sideways4.-wise,otherwise,clockwise本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。