2021年外研版九年级英语上被动语态

被动语态（The Passive V oice）序号：时间：一、目标:1.掌握一般现在时态、一般过去时态、一般将来时态、现在进行时、现在完成时态以及含情态动词的被动语态。

2.感官动词如see,watch,notice,hear,feel,listen to,和使役动词如make ,have ,let后面不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变成被动语态时要带to.3.接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时的情况。

二、重点：同上三．难点：1.感官动词如see,watch,notice,hear,feel,listen to,和使役动词如make ,have ,let后面不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变成被动语态时要带to.2. 接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时的情况。

四．导学过程：（一）被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。

当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。

被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成，被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。

其具体变化为：一般现在时：________________ 一般过去时：_________________一般将来时：_______________ 含情态动词的被动结构：________________ 现在完成时：___________ 现在进行时：________________（二）请你归结主动语态变被动语态的基本方法：1．2．3．（三）感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,listen to,或使役动词make ,have ,let使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。

e.g .We saw him cross the street. 变被动为: He was seen to cross the street.（四）.含有双宾语时，一般把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不动。

现在完成时的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态现在完成时被动语态的结构为：has ／have been done，使用has been done时主语为单数，使用have been done时主语为复数。

现在完成时的被动语态强调发生在过去的被动性动作，它有两层意思：动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果；主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。

现在完成时的被动语态的用法：1. 用于不知道动作执行者是谁时。

如：His bike has been stolen．他的自行车被人偷了。

（不清楚是被谁偷的）2. 用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时。

如：Not a book in the library has been taken away．图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。

（没人拿书，泛指）3. 用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时。

如：My watch h as been repaired．我的表修好了。

（表修好了是谈话的主旨，是谁修好无关紧要，不必提及）4. 用于出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时。

如：Enough has been said here on this question．关于这个问题，这里已经谈得不少了。

（意思是说：大家不要再说了）5. 用于文章标题、广告、新闻等中（常用省略助动词be的被动语态）。

如：Road Blocked．道路已被堵塞。

（新闻报道，省略了助动词has been）6. 用于动作的执行者不是人时。

如：The house has been washed away by the storm．那幢房子已被暴风雨冲走了。

掌握现在完成时被动语态的各种句型变换：从现在完成时被动语态结构has ／have been done可以看出has ／have为助动词，因此现在完成时被动语态的各种句型变换均应借助于has ／have来完成。

构成否定句时直接在has ／have后面加not，构成一般疑问句时将has ／have提前。

一般现在时的“被动语态”英语中有主动语态和被动语态之分。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受着。

如果我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或需要强调动作的承受者时，就必须用被动语态。

一般现在时主动语态变被动语态的方法例：我们每天打扫教室。

主动语态：We cl ean our c lass room every day.主语谓语宾语被动语态：Our c l ass room i s c leaned by us every day.主语谓语宾语【说明】主动语态变被动语态一般分四步：1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2）将主动语态的谓语结构变为被动语态的谓语结构，即“助动词be的各种时态形式+ 及物动词的过去分词”；3）将主动语态中的主语放在介词by后，by短语通常位于被动谓语结构之后；4）主动语态中的时间或地点状语等在被动语态中不变。

一般现在时被动语态的否定、疑问形式一般现在时的被动语态中有助动词am,i s,a re,故其否定式是在am,i s,a re后加not；一般疑问句形式是将am,i s,a re提到句首；特殊疑问句形式是疑问词+ 一般疑问句。

如：【肯定句】The desk i s made by h i m.【否定句】The desk i s no t made by h im.【一般疑问句】I s the desk made by h im?Yes,i t i s.(No,i t i s n’t.)【特殊疑问句】W here i s the desk made by h im?下面的几种情况用被动语态1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者时。

如：Si lk i s p roduced in Suzhou.苏州出产丝绸。

Colour TV se t s a re so ld in tha t shop.那个商店出售彩电。

3.强调说明动作的承受者时。

如：These b icyc les a re made in China.这些自行车是中国制造的。

新外研版九上被动语态新外研版九上被动语态详解一、被动语态的基本概念被动语态是一种英语语态，表示主语是动作的承受者。

在被动语态中，动词以-ed形式出现在主语后，表明动作对主语产生了影响。

被动语态的使用可以使句子更客观、更简洁，也可以强调动作的结果。

二、新外研版九上被动语态的主要变化新外研版九上的被动语态主要涉及三种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。

这三种时态的被动语态形式如下：1、一般现在时：主动语态：主语 + Verb（动词） + 其他被动语态：Subject + be（is/am/are） + Verbed（动词的-ed形式） + 其他例如：主动语态：The students study hard in the classroom. 被动语态：The classroom is studied hard by the students.2、一般过去时：主动语态：主语 + Verbed（动词的过去式） + 其他被动语态：Subject + be（was/were） + Verbed（动词的过去式）+ 其他例如：主动语态：The book was written by him. 被动语态：By him the book was written.3、一般将来时：主动语态：主语 + will + Verb（动词原形） + 其他被动语态：Subject + will be + Verbed（动词的-ed形式） + 其他例如：主动语态：The project will be completed next week. 被动语态：The project will be completed by next week.三、新外研版九上被动语态的用法被动语态在实际应用中有多种情况，以下是几种常见的用法：1、当不知道或不需要强调动作执行者时，可以使用被动语态。

例如：The book was written last year.（这本书去年写成。

被动语态一．概念表示动作与主语之间就是被动关系得句子就是被动语态。

①英语有两种语态:主动语态与被动语态主动语态表示就是动作得执行者、被动语态表示主语就是动作得承受者。

Cats eat fｉsｈ、(主动语态)猫吃鱼。

Fiｓh is ｅaten by cａtｓ、(被动语态)鱼被猫吃、二。

被动语态得用法(1) 动作得执行者很明显。

这时往往不用bｙ短语。

Woｒd proceｓsiｎg skills ａre tａuｇｈt in oｕｒ pｕtｅr leｓｓoｎｓ.(2)不知道或没有必要说明动作得执行者就是谁、Some new ｃompｕｔｅrs were stoleｎ lasｔ night、(3) 突出或强调动作得承受者。

如果需要说出动作得执行者,用by 短语。

The winｄｏw waｓ bｒokｅn by Mike、窗户就是迈克打破得。

三.构成形式由“助动词be+及物动词得过去分词”构成助动词bｅ有人称、数与时态得变化,其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。

四.主动语态变被动语态得方法My aｕnt inｖited ｍe tｏ her ｄiｎｎｅｒ party。

↓↓↓执行者动词承受者→Ｉ wａs invited (by ｍy ａunt ) ｔo her dinner party.↓↓承受者谓语 by+执行者1)。

把主动语态得宾语变成被动语态得主语。

2)、把主动语态得谓语变成被动语态得be + 过去分词,时态要与原句保持一致。

3)。

把主动语态得主语变为介词by 得宾语,放在被动语态里谓语动词之后,ｂy 短语可以省略、五.被动语态得特殊结构形式1)带情态动词得被动结构。

其形式为:情态动词+be＋过去分词、例The babｙ shoulｄ bｅｔａkeｎ good care oｆ bｙ the baby-siｔter、2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中得一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。

汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。

如：He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。

（主动语态）The door was opened. 这扇门被打开了。

（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。

被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。

疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。

2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。

3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。

I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done) The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。

英语初三上外研版module2：被动语态解析语法：被动语态英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

⑴.被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的。

与主动语态一样，被动语态也有各种时态形式：①.一般现在时被动语态：is\am\are+过去分词主动：Thechildrengavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome.被动：Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythechildren.②.一般过去时被动语态was\were+过去分词③.一般今后时被动语态will/shallbe+过去分词主动：IshallsendmysecondboytoschoolnextSeptember.被动：MysecondboywillbesenttoschoolnextSeptember.④.过去今后时被动语态wouldbe+过去分词⑤.现在进行时被动语态is\am\are+being+过去分词⑥.过去进行时被动语态was\were+being+过去分词⑦.现在完成时被动语态have\hasbeen+过去分词主动：Theyhavesetupapowerstationintheirhometown.被动：Apowerstationhasbeensetupintheirhometown.⑧.过去完成时被动语态hadbeen+过去分词主动:Theyhadproduced100tractorsbytheendoflastyear.被动:100tractorshadbeenproducedbytheendoflastyear.⑨.情态动词被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词主动:Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.被动:Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely.⑵.如何变主动语态为被动语态：在将主动语态变为被动语态时，可按以下三个步骤：a.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的宾语。

九年级上册语法-被动语态语态是英语中动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系。

英语中的语态有_________和__________两种。

主动语态的主语是动作的__________者，被动语态的主语是动作的__________者。

一．被动语态的用法：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁或者很模糊时。

The window was broken last night.2.为了强调或者突出动作的承受者时。

Li Lei was chosen as our monitor.二．被动语态的结构：be + done (动词过去分词)请判断以下那些句子是被动语态。

1.Liu Xiang was encouraged to train for the high jump. ( )2.Children like this book.( )3.We are eating lunch now.( )4.The books are read by students .( )5.My bike has been stolen.( )各种时态的主动及被动语态形式：时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does am/is/are+done一般过去时did was/were+done现在进行时am/is/are+doing am/is/are+being done过去进行时was/were+doing was/were+being done现在完成时have/has+done have/has+ been done过去完成时had +done had+been done一般将来时will/shall+ do will/shall +be done am/is/are going to+ do am/is/are going to +be done三．主动语态变被动语态的方法：1. 将主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语。

（注意人称代词宾格变成主格）2. 将主动句的谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”形式，句子时态不变。

九年级英语寒假专题—被动语态外研社（初中起点）【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：寒假专题——被动语态［学习过程］一、被动语态的结构：主语+助动词be的各种形式+动词的过去分词如：The museum was built ten years ago.All the questions were asked by her.My shoes were worn out.The glass will be broken.二、被动语态的时态被动语态具有各种时态变化，其变化体现在被动语态的助动词be上。

和其他动词一样，被动语态的时态也有以下几种时态。

1. 一般现在时的被动语态：助动词is(am ,are ) + 过去分词I am told that he had gone to the south.The car isn’t made in Japan.2. 现在进行时的被动语态：be(am, is, are) +being+过去分词The classroom is being cleaned by the students.The trees are being planted in the field now.3. 现在完成时态的被动语态：have/has+ been+过去分词A lot of trees have been planted this year.His name has never been heard of .4. 一般过去时的被动语态：was(were)+过去分词The shoes were hidden under your bed.The school was built three years ago.5. 过去进行时的被动语态：was/were +being+过去分词The dirty clothes were being washed at this time last night.The lost boy was being looked for all night yesterday.6. 过去完成时的被动语态：had+ been+过去分词The classroom had been cleaned when we came back.All their bread had been sold out before we got there.7．一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall/be(am, is, are)going to +be+过去分词The same thing will be done again until he is back.A birthday party is going to be held tomorrow morning.8. 过去将来时的被动语态：would/should/be(was, were)going to +be+过去分词She said a new school would be set up here.John told me the meeting was going to be hold the next week.三、被动语态的特殊结构形式如下。

外研版九年级被动语态的概念和用法一、选择题1．As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A．are raised B．were raised C．raised D．have raised 2．—Excuse me, when can we play basketball in the playground?— Not until the playground ________ next week.A．repairs B．will be repaired C．is repaired D．will repair3．The superheroes, such as Spider Man and Iron Man, ________ by Stan Lee when he was alive. A．are created B．have been created C．will be created D．were created4．In Switzerland, things like glass and plastic ______ into different groups and then recycled. A．separate B．separated C．are separated D．is separated 5．—Excuse me, Mum. When can we have dinner?—Not until it ___________in half an hour.A．is prepared B．has been preparedC．will be prepared D．was prepared6．It's reported that Nanjing metro line 5 __________ in July next year.A．complete B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed 7．The villagers expect that the bridge_______before the rainy season comes.A．is completed B．was completed C．will be completed D．has been completed 8．The historical drama Serenade of Peaceful Joy has received high praise for its story, costume, and make-up since it ________ on screen on April 7th.A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 9．—Do you have any problems if you _________ this job?—Well, I'm thinking about the working day.A．offer B．are offered C．will offer D．will be offered 10．—Hello, Helen!—Oh, Jim! What a surprise! I ___________you were still on business in Shanghai.A．told B．tell C．will be told D．was told 11．Don’t discuss the problem with your partner unless you ________ to.A．ask B．are asked C．will ask D．will be asked 12．The school hall ________ next week to celebrate this year's Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 13．Many travel vouchers (旅游优惠券) ________ to attract more and more tourists next five months.A．will send B．will be sent C．are sent D．send14．When the natural park _____ ，it will be a good place for people to play and relax.A．has completed B．will complete C．is completed D．will be completed 15．一The manager has come back from his business trip. He's asking you for the report.一Oh, my god! I haven't finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow.A．will expect B．expected C．was expected D．is expected 16．Last March, thousands of trees ______ along the street to make our city more beautiful. A．were planted B．were planting C．would plant D．planted 17．Chinese __________by more and more people in the world now.A．speak B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 18．Different kinds of robots________in the coming robot show in our city.A．display B．are displayed C．will display D．will be displayed 19．—I saw several boxes of books at the gate of our school just now.—They ________ to children in poor areas.A．were sent B．are sent C．will be sent D．were being sent 20．— Daddy, when will we go out to fly a kite?— As soon as your homework _________.A．will finish B．will be finished C．is finished D．finishes 21．When the new city square ________ next year, it will be a good place for people to relax. A．will be finished B．is finishing C．was finished D．is finished 22．It’s known that Chinese by more and more people in the world now.A．speak B．was spoken C．spoke D．is spoken23．No one knows when the bridge ________, because there is no record about it.A．has built B．built C．was built D．builds24．It is reported that a total of 71,000 5G base stations ________ in Jiangsu Province in 2020. A．build B．built C．were built D．have built 25．Yancheng SRT Line 1 ________ last year, now it makes people’s life easier and faster. A．finished B．was finished C．is finished D．finishes26．Your order ________ if you fail to pay for it in 15 minutes on Meituan.A．cancels B．is cancelled C．will cancel D．will be cancelled 27．When waste from daily life ________, people won’t mix some resources with wet waste. A．separated B．is separated C．separates D．will be separated 28．The film Hi! Mom has received high praise since it ________ on screen on February 12. A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 29．When you visit a museum, some instructions should ________ and we’d better not ________ them.A．pay attention to; be against B．be paid attention; againstC．be paid attention to; against D．be paid attention to; be against30．— I hope to travel in space one day.—That’s not just a dream. It’s reported the first space hotel in the near future. A．builds B．is built C．will build D．will be built 31．The 2024 Summer Olympics _________ in Paris, France.A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 32．When he went abroad for further study, his parents and children _______ by his wife.A．are well taken care of B．took good care ofC．were taken good care D．were taken good care of33．The 2nd Games of Qinhuai District ________ on March 28, 2021 to make more people realize the importance of health.A．held B．has held C．is held D．was held34．A great number of volunteers ________ for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. A．will need B．are needed C．will be needed D．were needed 35．—A meeting ________ in our community to show people how to sort their garbage this weekend.—That’s great. Let’s go to the meeting together.A．will hold B．will be held C．hold D．is held36．—A great deal of money ________ at the charity show!—Yes, but the cost of living ________ a lot, so we still need to do a lot for the children in poor areas.A．raised; rose B．raised; has risen C．was raised; rose D．was raised; has risen37．A new railway station ________ in my town next year.A．builds B．built C．is built D．will be built 38．On Jack's birthday, many gifts and love ________ to him.A．was given B．is given C．are given D．were given39．At last, the girl was made _________ to music and began to do her homework.A．stop listening B．to stop to listenC．to stop listening D．stop to listen40．It’s reported that the Tokyo Olympic Games ________ from July 23 to August 8 this year. A．would hold B．have held C．will be held D．were held【参考答案】一、选择题1．B【详解】句意：书一被筹集好，志愿者们就给希望小学的学生们寄去了。

被动语态一．二．概念表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。

①英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

Catseatfish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。

Fishis eatenby cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。

二．被动语态的用法(1) 动作的执行者很明显。

这时往往不用by 短语。

Word processing skills are taught in our computer lessons.(2)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

Some new computers were stolen last night.(3) 突出或强调动作的承受者。

如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。

The window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。

三．构成形式由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。

四．主动语态变被动语态的方法My aunt invited me to her dinner party.↓↓↓执行者动词承受者→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.↓↓承受者谓语 by+执行者1).把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

2).把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。

3).把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。

五．被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例 The baby should be taken good care of by the babysitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

Module 8被动语态一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。

例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。

所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。

例如：He opened the door.他开了门。

(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。

(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成。

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要; 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。

被动语态英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者。

如：People grow rice in the south of China.中国南部的人们种植水稻。

被动语态表示主语是谓语动词的动作曾受者。

如：This bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年修建的。

一、被动语态(一)被动语态的构成被动语态是由“be+动词的过去分词”构成的。

助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

如：He was heard to sing in his room.有人听到他在他的房间里唱歌。

Football is enjoyed by people all over the world.全世界的人们都喜爱足球。

（二）1.一般现在时主动语态为do/does被动语态为am/is/are+done如：We clean the classroom.The classroom is cleaned by us.2.一般过去时主动语态为did被动语态为was/were +done如：He made the kite.The kite was made by him.3.一般将来时主动语态为will/shall/be going to +do被动语态为will/shall/be going to+be +done如：They will plant trees tomorrow.Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.4.现在进行时主动语态为am/is/are+dong被动语态为am/is/are+being +done如：She is watering flowers.Flowers are being watered by her.5.过去进行时主动语态为was/were+done被动语态为was/were+being+done如：She was writing a letter this time yesterday.A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.6.现在完成时主动语态为have/has+done被动语态为have/has+been+done如：Jim has finished the work.The work has been finished by Jim.7.过去完成时主动语态为had done被动语态为had +been+done如：Jim had finished the work before he went to school.The work had been finished by Jim before he went to school.8.过去将来时主动语态为would/should/be going to+do被动语态为would/should/be going to +be+done如：He said he would make a kite.He said a kite would be made by him.9.含情态动词主动语态can/may/must+do被动语态can/may/must+be+done如：He can finish the work today.The work can be finished by him today.（三）被动语态的用法在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于以下几种情况：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。

被动语态英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。

当主语为动作的执行者或发出者时，谓语要用主动语态;当主语为动作的承受看时，谓语要用被动语态。

eg：We clean our classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

(主动语态)Our classroom is cleaned every day.我们的教室每天被打扫。

(被动语态)一、被动语态基本结构被动语态由“主语+be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。

be动词有人称,数和时态的变化。

eg: English is spoken by many people in the world世界上许多人讲英语。

Trees are planted every year. (人们)每年都种树。

被动语态中人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的。

几种常见时态的主动语态和被动语态的结构形式如下表。

eg：Tea is grown by people in Hangzhou. 在杭州人们种植茶叶。

A pen was picked up by Tom just now. 刚刚汤姆捡了一支钢笔。

The task will be finished by them in an hour. 一个小时后他的将完成这项工作。

He can be found by me。

我能找到他。

二、主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态: 动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受音We speak Chinese in china. 在中国我们讲汉语。

被动语态: 动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者Chinese is spoken by us in china.注意: 一是两者的时态要一致，二是要注意主格宾格间的转换。

总结：主动语态被动语态宾语主语谓语be 过去分词（时态看原句，人称和数看新主语）主语by 宾语（注意主宾格转换）其他不变三、被动语态的几种特殊情况1. 带双宾语的谓语动词变被动语态谓语动词带双宾语时既可以将直接宾语转化为主语，也可以将间接宾语转化为主语，若将间接宾语转化成主语，咋保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化为主语，则保留间接宾语，且应在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。