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交通运输部船舶大气污染文件(英文版)

交通运输部船舶大气污染文件(英文版)
交通运输部船舶大气污染文件(英文版)

Implementation Scheme of the Domestic Emission Control Areas for

Atmospheric Pollution from Vessels1

by Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China on30th Nov.2018

In order to implement the national policies on ecological civilization development,pollution prevention and control,to protect the blue skies,as well as to facilitate the green shipping development and the energy saving and emission reduction of vessels,this Implementation Scheme is formulated in accordance with the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China and the applicable international conventions,and on the basis of the Implementation Scheme of the Domestic Emission Control Areas for Vessels in the Pearl River Delta,the Yangtze River Delta and the Bohai-Rim Area(Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei) (JHF[2015]No.177).

1.Objectives

The Domestic Emission Control Areas for Atmospheric Pollution from Vessels(hereinafter referred to as“DECAs”)are designated to control and reduce emissions of atmospheric pollutants including SOx,NOx,particulate matters(PMs)and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)from vessels and to improve the air quality of coastal areas and inland river port cities.

2.Principles

The DECAs are designated according to the following principles:

(i)Promoting a coordinated development of the environment quality improvement and the

shipping economy growth.

(ii)Strengthening the control of air pollution from vessels.

(iii)Complying with the international conventions and domestic laws.

(iv)Taking a phased-in approach and conducting pilot programs.

3.Scope of Application

The Scheme applies to vessels navigating,berthing and operating in the DECAs.

4.Geographic Scope of the DECAs

The DECAs referred to in the Scheme include both the coastal control area and the inland river control area.

The coastal control area covers the sea area enclosed by the60coordinates listed in Table1, and the sea area in Hainan waters is enclosed by the20coordinates listed in Table2.

The inland river control area is the navigable waters of the main stream of the Yangtze River (from Shuifu,Yunnan to the mouth of the Liuhe River,Jiangsu)and the main stream of the Xijiang River(from Nanning,Guangxi to Zhaoqing,Guangdong),the coordinates of the starting and ending points are listed in Table3.

Table1Coordinates of the Boundary Control Points in the Coastal Control Area

1This English version of Implementation Sheme for DECAs is only for refrence,whileas the documents issued by MOT should be used as the officail version.

No.Longitude Latitude No.Longitude Latitude 1124°10′06.00″39°49′41.00″31112°50′52.80″21°22′25.68″2122°57′14.40″37°22′11.64″32112°29′20.40″21°17′12.48″3122°57′00.00″37°21′29.16″33111°27′00.00″19°51′57.96″4122°48′18.00″36°53′51.36″34111°23′42.00″19°46′54.84″5122°45′14.40″36°48′25.20″35110°38′56.40″18°31′10.56″6122°40′58.80″36°44′41.28″36110°37′40.80″18°30′24.12″7122°24′36.00″36°35′08.88″37110°15′07.20″18°16′00.84″8121°03′03.60″35°44′44.16″38110°09′25.20″18°12′45.36″9120°12′57.60″34°59′27.60″39109°45′32.40″17°59′03.12″10121°32′24.00″33°28′46.20″40109°43′04.80″17°59′03.48″11121°51′14.40″33°06′19.08″41109°34′26.40″17°57′18.36″12122°26′42.00″31°32′08.52″42109°03′39.60″18°03′10.80″13123°23′31.20″30°49′15.96″43108°50′42.00″18°08′58.56″14123°24′36.00″30°45′51.84″44108°33′07.20″18°21′07.92″15123°09′28.80″30°05′43.44″45108°31′40.80″18°22′30.00″16122°28′26.40″28°47′31.56″46108°31′08.40″18°23′10.32″17122°07′30.00″28°18′58.32″47108°28′44.40″18°25′34.68″18122°06′03.60″28°17′01.68″48108°24′46.80″18°49′13.44″19121°19′12.00″27°21′30.96″49108°23′20.40″19°12′47.16″20120°42′28.80″26°17′32.64″50108°22′45″20°24′05″21120°36′10.80″26°04′01.92″51108°12′31″21°12′35″22120°06′57.60″25°18′37.08″52108°08′05″21°16′32″23119°37′26.40″24°49′31.80″53108°05′43.7″21°27′08.2″24118°23′16.80″24°00′54.00″54108°05′38.8″21°27′23.1″

25117°50′31.20″23°23′16.44″55108°05′39.9″21°27′28.2″26117°22′26.40″23°03′05.40″56108°05′51.5″21°27′39.5″27117°19′51.60″23°01′32.88″57108°05′57.7″21°27′50.1″28116°34′55.20″22°45′05.04″58108°06′01.6″21°28′01.7″29115°13′01.20″22°08′03.12″59108°06′04.3″21°28′12.5″

30114°02′09.60″21°37′02.64″60The end of the center line of the main waterway of the Beilun River toward

the sea side

Table2Coordinates of the Boundary Control Points in Hainan Waters No.Longitude Latitude No.Longitude Latitude A1108°26′24.88″19°24′06.50″33111°27′00.00″19°51′57.96″A2109°20′00″20°07′00″34111°23′42.00″19°46′54.84″A3111°00′00″20°18′32″35110°38′56.40″18°31′10.56″

36110°37′40.80″18°30′24.12″

37110°15′07.20″18°16′00.84″

38110°09′25.20″18°12′45.36″

39109°45′32.40″17°59′03.12″

40109°43′04.80″17°59′03.48″

41109°34′26.40″17°57′18.36″

42109°03′39.60″18°03′10.80″

43108°50′42.00″18°08′58.56″

44108°33′07.20″18°21′07.92″

45108°31′40.80″18°22′30.00″

46108°31′08.40″18°23′10.32″

47108°28′44.40″18°25′34.68″

48108°24′46.80″18°49′13.44″

49108°23′20.40″19°12′47.16″

Table3Coordinates of the Starting and Ending Points in the Inland River Control Area Inland

river control area Boundary

name

Name of the

location

Description of the

location

Location

No.

Longitude Latitude

Main stream of

the Yangtze River Starting

point

Shuifu

Yunnan

Xiangjiaba Bridge

B1104°24′30.60″28°38′22.38″

B2104°24′35.94″28°38′27.84″

Ending

point

Mouth of the

Liuhe river

Jiangsu

Line connecting

Liuheiwu in the lower

reaches of the mouth

of the Liuhe River and

Shixin signal pole in

the lower reaches of

the Shiqiao River

Chongming island

B3121°18′54.00″31°30′52.00″

B4121°22′30.00″31°37′34.00″

Main stream of

the Xijiang River Starting

point

Nanning

Guangxi

Minsheng Terminal of

Nanning

B5108°18′19.77″22°48′48.60″

B6108°18′26.72″22°48′39.76″

Ending

point

Zhaoqing

Guangdong

Line connecting

Tiexianjiao,Jinli and

Shangzui,Yongkou,

Wudinggang on the

trunk stream of the

Xijiang River

B7112°48′30.00″23°08′45.00″

B8112°47′19.00″23°08′01.00″

Legend

Control points of coastal control area

Control points of the Hainan Water Area

Starting and Ending Point Locations

in Inland River Control Area

Inland River DECA(Yangtze River Mainstream

Section)

Inland River DECA(Xijiang River Mainstream

Section)

Provincial administrative region

Scope of coastal control area Figure1Geographic Scope of the Emission Control Area

Legend

Control points of the Hainan Water Area

Control points of coastal control area

Provincial administrative region

Scope of coastal control area Figure2Geographic Scope of the Emission Control Area in Hainan Waters

5.Control Requirements

(i)Emission control requirements for SOx and particulate matters

.1From1January2019,the sulphur content of any fuel oil used on board sea-going vessels operating in the DECAs should not exceed0.5%m/m;the fuel oil compliant with the newly revised national standards for marine fuels should be used on board large inland waterway vessels and on board vessels engaged in direct voyages between the sea and the river;and the diesel fuel compliant with the national standards should be used on board other inland waterway vessels.From1January 2020,the sulphur content of fuel oil used on board sea-going vessels should not exceed0.1%m/m when operating in the inland river emission control area.

.2From1March2020,vessels that do not use the alternative arrangement for the control of SOx and PMs should only be loaded and use the fuel oil as required in this Scheme when operating in the DECAs.

.3From1January2022,the sulphur content of any fuel oil used on board sea-going vessels should not exceed0.1%m/m when operating in the coastal emission control area in Hainan waters.

.4The feasibility study for vessels using the fuel oil with the sulphur content not exceeding0.1%m/m should be conducted in due course,so as to inform the decision on the implementation of0.1%m/m sulphur cap for sea-going vessels when operating in the coastal emission control area on and after1January2025.

(ii)Emission control requirements for NOx

.5Each marine diesel engine with a power output of more than130kW installed on vessels engaged in international voyages constructed on and after1January2000 (according to the date that the keel is laid,similarly hereinafter)or having the marine diesel engine that undergoes a major conversion should meet the Tier I requirements in the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships(MARPOL) Annex VI.

.6Each marine diesel engine with a power output of more than130kW installed on vessels engaged in international voyages constructed on and after1January2011or having the marine diesel engine that undergoes a major conversion should meet the Tier II requirements in MARPOL Annex VI.

.7Each marine diesel engine with a power output of more than130kW installed on Chinese vessels engaged in domestic voyages constructed on and after1March2015 or having the marine diesel engine that undergoes a major conversion should meet the Tier II requirements in MARPOL Annex VI.

.8Marine diesel engines with a per cylinder displacement at or above30litres installed on Chinese vessels engaged in domestic voyages constructed on and after1 January2022or having the marine diesel engine that undergoes a major conversion should meet the Tier III requirements in MARPOL Annex VI when operating in the coastal emission control area in Hainan waters and in the inland river emission control area.

.9The application of the Tier III requirements of MARPOL Annex VI should be assessed in due course,so as to inform the decision on the implementation of the Tier III requirements for marine diesel engines with a per cylinder displacement at or

above30litres installed on Chinese vessels engaged in domestic voyages constructed on and after1January2025or having the marine diesel engine that undergoes a major conversion.

(iii)Requirements for the use of shore power for vessels at berth

.10The Chinese public service vessels,inland waterway vessels(except for tankers) and vessels engaged in direct voyages between the sea and the river constructed on and after1January2019should have onboard devices for the use of shore power.The Chinese container vessels,cruise ships,ro-ro passenger ships,passenger ships at3,000 gross tonnage and above as well as dry bulk cargo ships at50,000gross ton level and above engaged in domestic coastal voyages constructed on and after1January12020 should have onboard devices for the use of shore power.

.11From1July2019,the existing ships(except for tankers)with onboard devices for the use of shore power should use the shore power when berthing at a berth with shore power supply capabilities inside the coastal emission control area for more than3 hours,or inside the inland river emission control area for more than2hours without using other alternative or equivalent measures(including the use of clean energy,new energy,onboard UPS or auxiliary engine shutdown,similarly hereinafter).From1 January2021,cruise ships should use the shore power when berthing at a berth with shore power supply capabilities inside the DECAs for more than3hours without using other alternative or equivalent measures.

.12From1January2022,the Chinese public service vessels,inland waterway vessels (except for tankers)and Chinese container vessels,ro-ro passenger ships,passenger ships at3,000gross tonnage and above as well as dry bulk cargo ships at50,000gross ton level and above engaged in domestic coastal voyages and installed with each marine diesel engine with a power output of more than130kW that does not meet the Tier II requirements of MARPOL Annex VI should be fitted with onboard devices for the use of shore power,and such vessels should use the shore power when berthing at a berth with shore power supply capabilities inside the coastal emission control area for more than3hours,or inside the inland river emission control area for more than2 hours without using other alternative or equivalent measures.

.13The Chinese shipping companies and operators are encouraged to fit vessels other than those specified in paragraph.12above with onboard devices for the use of shore power,and the shore power should be used when such vessels are berthing at a berth with shore power supply capabilities inside the DECAs.

(iv)Others

.14The clean energy,new energy,onboard UPS and exhaust gas cleaning systems can be used by vessels as alternative methods to meet the emission control requirements.In case where the exhaust gas cleaning system is used,the discharge monitoring and control system should be installed and any wastes and discharges should be treated according to the applicable regulations.

.15The local governments are encouraged to develop requirements on fuel sulphur content for sea-going vessels when operating in inland rivers other than those specified in this Scheme,taking into account the emission control requirements in the inland river emission control areas.

.16The Chinese oil tankers at150gross tonnage and above engaged in domestic

voyages constructed on and after1January2020should meet the oil and gas recovery requirements when operating in the DECAs,and the oil and gas recovery operation should be conducted whenever the safety requirements are met.Vessels engaged in international voyages should meet the requirements on VOCs as provided in MARPOL Annex VI.

.17Vessels should strictly comply with the emission control requirements as stipulated in the existing applicable international conventions,domestic laws and regulations as well as relevant rules and standards.

6.Supporting Measures

(i)Strengthening the administration

The transport authorities at the provincial level,maritime administrations,the Yangtze River shipping authority and the Pearl River shipping authority should strengthen the administration and coordination,make detailed implementation plans and assign duties,so as to build a comprehensive supporting mechanism for the implementation of this Scheme.

The Ministry of Transport should assess the implementation results of the above emission control measures and develop amendments to the Implementation Scheme, if necessary.

(ii)Enhancing the joint supervision

The transport authorities at the provincial level and the maritime administrations should follow the“Guidance on Strengthening the Low Sulphur Marine Fuel Oil Supply and the Joint Supervision by the Ministry of Transport and other12Relevant Departments”(JHF[2017]No.163),so as to set up the joint supervision mechanism to guarantee the supply of low sulphur marine fuel oils and to enhance the supervision and management of air pollution prevention and control for vessels.

(iii)Focusing on the policy support

The transport authorities at the provincial level and the maritime administrations should coordinate with the local governments to adopt incentives and relevant measures,increase inputs in the enforcement equipment and personnel training; Subsidies and facilitation arrangement can be made to vessels using the low sulphur fuel oil,clean energies,exhaust gas cleaning systems,the oil and gas recovery,the shore power,the online monitoring as well as the phase-out of old and outdated vessels.

(iv)Application of science and technologies

The transport authorities at the provincial level,maritime administrations,the Yangtze River shipping authority and the Pearl River shipping authority should provide guidance and support to the research and development institutes,shipping and port companies and equipment manufacturers to conduct technological studies on the emission control and reduction from vessels,and to develop technical standards to promote the application of science and technologies.

英语作文:空气污染的模板

空气污染 Recently, the phenomenon of air pollution has become the focus of the public concern. (分析原因)What are the reasons for the phenomenon? On my standpoint, there are several as follows. First of all, the heavy air pollution was caused by ____(原因一). Besides, ____ (原因二)also lead to the smog in the air. In addition, ____(原因三). In view of the seriousness of the phenomenon, effective measures should be taken. On one hand, it is high time that people all over China should ____(市民角度的应对方法). On the other hand, the government should ____(政府角度的应对办法). Only in these ways can we successfully solve the problem. 最近,空气污染已经成为公众关心的重点。(分析原因)空气污染的原因是什么呢?依我来看,有以下原因。 首先,严重的空气污染是因为____(原因一)。此外,____ (原因二)也会造成雾霾。再者,____(原因三)。 考虑到该现象的严重性,我们应该去采取有效的措施。一方面,全国人民是时候去____(市民角度的应对方法)。另一方面,政府应该____(政府角度的应对办法)。只有这样,我们才能成功解决这个问题。

防治船舶大气污染现状及对策_史湘君

近年来,船舶大气污染已成为社会关注的热点话题,引起了各级政府和公众的普遍关注。根据自然资源保护协会发布的《中国船舶和港口空气污染防治白皮书》数据显示:假设一艘中型到大型集装箱船使用含硫量为35 000 ppm (3.5%)的船用燃料油,并以最大功率的70%行驶时,其一天排放的PM2.5总量相当于我国50万辆国Ⅳ货车一天的排放量。这个数据的准确性很值得商榷,经笔者查阅相关资料,该文章得出上述结论的前提是重型柴油车形式里程为164千米/天,而与之对比的是船舶24小时满负荷航行,与实际情况严重不符,且计算逻辑错误,有哗众取宠之嫌。若假设该汽车速度为100千米/小时,其他条件不变,则其结论应为“其一天排放的PM2.5总量相当于我国3万辆国Ⅳ货车一天的排放量。”但即便如此,船舶大气污染也是不容忽视的,其中存在的问题仍需高度重视、深入研究、正确对待。 一、相关法律法规要求 (一)国际公约 在国际公约方面,《MARPOL73/78》附则VI 是关于防治船舶带来的空气污染的。内容包括防治船舶的SOx 和NOx 排放,并通过限制SOx 排放间接控制颗粒物的排放。SOx减排主要通过控制船用燃料油的含硫量来实现,目前的限值为35 000 ppm(3.5%)。这一限值到2020年将降低至5 000 ppm(0.5%)。此外,还可以向IMO 申请设立更严格的“排放控制区”(ECA),以加强船舶废气排放控制,自2015年1月1日起船舶燃油含硫量由原来的10 000 ppm(1%)进一步缩紧至1 000 ppm(0.1%)。 (二)国内法规 在国内法律法规方面,有关防治船舶大气污染的规定散布在《海洋环境保护法》《大气污染防治法》《防治船舶污染海洋环境管理条例》等法律法规中。我国1983 年颁布的《船舶污染物排放标准(GB 3552-83)》只针对船舶废污水和垃圾的排放和处置,未涉及船舶废气的排放标准。 二、防治船舶大气污染现状 (一)船舶燃油质量情况 目前,我国内河船舶、内燃机车、工程机械、拖拉机和发电机组等使用燃料以普通柴油为主,技术标准应符合《普通柴油》(GB252-2011),要求硫含量不大于350 ppm。但由于油品市场缺乏有效监管,实际硫含量普遍较高,平均在2 000 ppm以上。 (二)国内外防治船舶大气污染现状 目前发达国家和地区大多都采用强制或鼓励靠港船舶接岸电、强制船舶在规定水域使用低硫燃油,要求降低船舶进出港航速等措施来减少船舶大气污染。例如北美洲和美国加勒比海地区为硫氧化物和氮氧化物的排放控制区,在该水域航行只能使用低硫燃油或采取相应减排措施;美国洛杉矶、长滩港等要求船舶靠码头时接岸电,并推出自愿减速方案,规定一年中,如果一个船队有90%或更多的船舶满足减速要求,可在来年获得15%的停靠费率折扣。 (三)海事部门在船舶大气污染防治方面的工作 《MARPOL73/78》附则VI于2006年8月23日正式对我国生效(海船舶〔2006〕523号),对燃油供应和质量、港口国监督等进行了规范。中国海事局通过《关于实施<73/78防污公约>附则VI修正案的通知》(海船舶 Current situation of shipborne air pollution prevention and associated countermeasures 史湘君 33 中国海事 航运经纬Shipping Lines

工作心得:船舶大气污染防治对策(最新)

工作心得:船舶大气污染防治对策(最新)随着经济发展,我国水路货物运输量和港口吞吐量连续多年稳居世界第一。近年来,船舶废气成为我国港口城市的主要大气污染源之一。为进一步提升空气质量,国家公布船舶排放控制区实施方案,控制船用燃油质量等系列措施。但对比起欧美、日韩等发达国家,我国在船舶大气污染防治工作方面起步较晚,管理经验较少,如何有效控制船舶污染物排放,形成长效的管理机制需重点关注和探讨。 一、X港船舶大气污染现状 依X港为例,X港是我国第四大港,年货物吞吐量位居世界第五位,年进出港船舶约七万艘次。根据一份《X市船舶、飞机污染现状调查及控制对策研究报告》研究显示,船舶排放已成为X市的重要污染源之一。其中,硫氧化物和氮氧化物为主要的污染物,分担率分别占总排放的14.0%和16.5%,具体数据详见下表。 通过分析发现,X港的船舶废气存在以下几方面特点:

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