中学英语语法(介词)课件

渡过难关（危机）、恢复健康 pull off 脱掉（衣、帽等） pull over （车辆）靠边 pull out 拔出、（火车）离站
speak
speak for 为……辩护 speak to 跟……说话 speak out for / against
大胆地说，发言支持或反对 speak of 谈起
A is on the east of B.
A
B
A is to the east of B.
A
B
A is in the east of B.
A
B
表示地点的介词（P431）
in into He put his hand in his pocket. in 表示运动过程结束时最终的位置 He put his hand into his pocket. into 强调运动的方向和状态的变化
表示时间的介词（P431）
after in He returned after two days. He will return in two days. 表示“在…后”（过去时 VS. 将来时）
He will return after two o’clock.
after后面是时间点时，可以用将来时 He wrote the letter in two hours. in还可以表示“在…时间内”
介
词
介 词 的 分 类 （P430）
简单介词 合成介词 带 - ing 词尾的介词 成语介词
表示时间的介词（P431）
at on in at： 时间的一点或短时间，用于“时 刻、正午、夜半、年龄”等 on：特定的时间，用于“日期、星期” in： 较长的时间，用于“年、月、季 节、世纪、上下午”等
拿走、夺去 接管 接受、欺骗 占据（时间、空间）
look
look up 查阅 look into 调查 look through 仔细查看 look out 当心、注意
succeed
succeed in doing sth.
成功地做某事 succeed to 继承、继续
catch
Key to 9 – 14
CA
AD
AC
介 词 的 搭 配
名词与介词的搭配 形容词与介词的搭配 动词与介词的搭配 其他介词短语
名词与介词的搭配
15 – 16 17 – 22
AB AB BD CB
重点搭配
to sb’s advantage 对某人有利 find fault with sb.
独立于……之外，不受……的支配 be particular about 对……挑剔，过分讲究 be popular with 受……欢迎 be comparable with / to
动词与介词的搭配
28 – 34 35 – 40 41 – 46 47 – 52
CD AA CA AD
take off
脱下（衣服），（飞机）起飞 take back 退还、收回、取消 take on 承担（工作） take to 开始从事……、养成……的习惯
call
call forth 鼓起、振作 call at （车船等）停靠 call on 拜访、呼吁 call off 取消
表示“手段”的介词
with by He made it with his own hands. He made it by hand. The old man had been stabbed with a knife. He astonished all the people by his sincerity. with (具体) － by (抽象)
表示地点的介词（P431）
above, over, on * below, under, beneath / underneath 不一定垂直、不接触：above - below 垂直、不一定接触：over - under 接触：on - beneath / underneath
catch up 赶上 catch out 发现某人的错误 catch on 理解 catch at 想抓住，渴望获得
turn
turn to turn over turn on turn up
求助于 仔细考虑 打开 出现
look
look up to 尊敬 look forward to 盼望 无 look out on 的搭配 look down on/ upon 看不起
挑某人的刺，找某人的碴儿 put emphasis on 把重点放在 compensation for 对于……的补偿
形容词与名词的搭配
23 – 27
BB AB A
重点搭配
be enthusiastic about / for / over be independent of
talk
talk back 顶嘴 talk down 高声压倒：
She wanted to give her ideas, but the other girls talked her down. talk round 说服、兜圈子谈 无 talk on 的搭配
take
take away take over take in take up
give
give way 让路、坍塌 give in 让步、屈服 give up 放弃 give away 分发（奖品）、泄露
hold
hold out 支持 hold up 抢劫、拦截 hold over 延期 hold on 抓住……不放、坚持
pull
pull up （车辆）停下来 pull down 推翻、摧毁 pull through / round
表示“超出”的介词
above beyond This book is above you. This book is beyond you. beyond 超出的程度远远大于above； above 的宾语多指事物，beyond 则 多指人。
表示“排除”的介词
besides = in addition to except = but = other than except for 表示不同项目类别的对比
BA BA DC AB
BD C AA DB BD
重点搭配
wait on sb. hand and foot
对某人无微不至地侍侯或招待 consist of 由……组成 consist in 存在于 go into 调查 go through 经历、遭受 go back on 违背、背弃 go along with 陪伴、同意
表示地点的介词（P431）
to towards He was sent to prison yesterday. He was walking towards the prison when I met him. 表示运动方向时，to表示实际上已经 到达目的地；towards则仅指方向，而 尚未到达目的地。
with the exception of 除……以外 by virtue of 由于、依靠 in the light of 根据、按照 regardless of 不管、不顾
和限制 You composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. The movie was good except for the ending.
表示“排除”的介词
except that 后接从句，“除…之外”
I know nothing about his career except that he is a graduate of this school. apart from = aside from (AmE) 有时=besides，有时=except (for) 另外，but for “若不是，要不是”， 一般使用虚拟语气持、支撑
The heavy coat seems to bear
him down. The old bridge can hardly bear up its own weight any more. He bore away the prize.
take
stand up to 经得起 put up to 唆使、激励 stand up for 拥护 make up for 补偿 add up to 总计达 come up with 想出 put up with 忍受
其他介词短语
53 – 54 55 – 60
BB BB BD BD
表示“关于”的介词
of about on a book of China a book about China a book on China of：仅表示存在与否，不涉及详情 about：不仅表示存在与否，而且涉及 详情 on：多指正式的、严肃的、系统的、 带有学术意味的论述、讨论或演说
in the light of 根据、按照 know sb. by sight
跟某人只是面熟 in view 被考虑 in question 谈论的、被讨论的 in case 以免、以防 in effect 实际上
无 down to death 搭配 down at heel 褴褛的、邋遢的 up to date 新式的 out of shape 走样 on hand 手头上有 out of hand 无法控制 off hand 立即、当即 by hand 手工做