基础知识限时训练(三)

人民版必修三第一单元第4课宋明理学限时训练姓名：___________班级：___________一、单选题1．中唐晚期，啖助、赵匡和陆淳等创立了“新春秋经学”，流露出极鲜明的欲重整人伦、重正纲纪的想法，使经学由以训诂为特色的章句之学向陈析义理方向发展。

“新春秋经学”的创立A．否定了先秦传统儒学B．起源于唐代三教合流C．挑战了儒学正统地位D．有助于宋明理学形成2．“仁”在中国古代是一种含义极广的道德范畴，不同的思想家有不同的注解。

下列关于“仁”的解释中，属于理学家朱熹新阐释的是A．“仁”是天理的核心B．国君行政应该“志于仁”C．“仁”者“爱人”D．“仁”是一切道德价值的终极源泉3．据史料记载，明朝海瑞五岁的女儿因为从男性家僮手中接了一块饼吃，便被海瑞认为犯了“男女授受不亲”的大防，最终被饿死。

材料反映的本质问题是A．海瑞治家的严谨态度B．古人严格的道德自律精神C．理学对人性的摧残D．理学是当时占统治地位的思想4．有学者指出：“中国佛教僧人要尊敬父母：也提倡忠君爱国，有的寺院称为‘护国寺’，有的称‘报国寺’。

慧远在庐山讲经，就曾讲诵儒家的《丧服经》，阐述服丧的问题。

”这说明在中国佛教A．完全脱离了印度早期佛教B．与儒家思想基本融为一体C．深受中国思想文化的浸润D．与中国儒家伦理存在冲突5．宋明理学家篡改《大学》原义改变其顺序，将“天下平”更改为“平天下”，即用“平均”或“均平”的理念与方法去治理国家，“平天下”成为在天理所规定下的均平理想境界。

可见A．理学统治地位确立利于规范社会秩序B．宋明理学家具有爱国爱民的济世精神C．外族入侵是“平天下”思想产生的源泉D．理学家放弃了先秦儒学大一统的理想6．魏晋南北朝时期，佛教因具有使人们排遣苦闷、消弭死亡恐惧的作用而繁荣，但佛教徒主张佛法的“六度”与儒学的“五常”名异实同。

梁代僧人顺更讲，“释氏（释迦牟尼）之训，父慈子孝，兄爱弟敬，夫妻和柔。

”这反映了A．传统的价值观逐渐变异B．佛教成为社会主流思想C．佛教主动适应社会需要D．三教合流的趋势已出现7．人性是先秦以来一直讨论的问题。

限时训练(三）正确使用标点符号1.下列句子中标点符号使用正确的一项是（）A．高考作文专家指出，近年的话题作文有利也有弊，它虽使应试作文减少了限制、增强了自主性，有利于学生发挥写作能力，但也给套题、抄袭开了方便之门。

B．处于争议漩涡中的跨行查询收费对储户的影响到底有多大，记者昨日从中国银联获得的数据显示，自6月1日开收0.3元跨行查询费用至今一个多月的时间，全国ATM的跨行查询量减少了10%左右。

C．长假过后，于丹授课的网络视频点击、下载量节节攀升，网友好评如潮，因“俗事”缠身而二十多天未写博客的易中天也为此“破例”开博，写道：“于丹真棒”！D．山西省省长于幼军在调查“黑砖窑”问题时发现，一些干部对非法用工、无证照经营、拐骗和强迫农民工劳动、使用智障人员和童工等危害群众切身利益、损害人格尊严的行为竟熟视无睹。

【答案】D【解析】Ａ项“限制”后的顿号应改为逗号，顿号用于并列的词或短语之间，但并列的谓语之间不能用顿号；Ｂ项“多大”后的逗号应改为问号，问号是表示疑问句结束的停顿；Ｃ项叹号应在引号里面，此处为完全引用。

2.下列各句中，标点符号使用正确的一句是（）A．对当代企业高级管理者来说，意识到这一点：计算机化企业、计算机化经济时代和计算机化企业经济管理思想正在形成，是极为重要的。

B．在八艺节筹备和举办期间，“鹿角立鹤”被广泛用于宣传、演出、展览等活动，使荆楚文化得到了充分的展现和宣传。

C．战国之时，“邦无定交，士无定主”（顾炎武《日知录·周末风俗》），一般游士，都肆无忌惮，说话比较随便。

D．伊能静《爱的练习本》预售已攻进排行榜。

文中充满了一段段爱情呓语，让人忍不住猜疑：这是对哈林说的？还是另有其人？【答案】C【解析】Ａ项冒号使用不恰当，可将冒号改为破折号；Ｂ项省略号与“等”不能同时使用，可删去省略号；Ｄ项选择问句，只在最后用问号，第一个问号应改为逗号。

3.下列句子中，标点符号使用不正确的一项是（）A．这首诗将两种相互对立的行为——“离别”与“相逢”、两种不同的情感——“伤心”与“庆幸”并列，表现了爱情的美好与纯真，引发了人们的强烈共鸣。

人教版地理七年级下册期中试卷第6—8章一、单选题读亚洲范围图,完成1-2题。

1. 据图可知，亚洲濒临的大洋不包括（）A．太平洋B．大西洋C．印度洋D．北冰洋2. 据亚洲所处纬度范围分析,亚洲大部分位于（）A．寒带B．温带C．热带D．北温带读下图亚洲大陆沿30°N的地形剖面图，回答3-4题。

3. C为（），是世界最高峰。

A．珠穆朗玛峰B．勃朗峰C．乞力马扎罗山D．麦金利峰4. 亚洲大陆沿北纬30°N由西向东，地势呈（）变化。

A．低—高—低B．高—低—高C．东高西低D．西高东低本州岛是日本最大的岛屿，自然环境独具特色。

下图为本州岛示意图及富山和东京两城市的气温曲线与降水天教柱状图，读图完成5-7题。

5. 本州岛（）A．大部分位于热带B．以山地丘陵为主C．西临太平洋D．矿产资源丰富6. 与富山相比，东京（）A．年降水天数较少B．降水天数季节变化大C．年平均气温较低D．1月平均气温较低7. 导致两城市降水天数差异的主要因素是（）A．地势高低B．季风影响C．纬度位置D．距海远近读图“东南亚简图”，完成8-9题。

8. 下列关于图中甲半岛地形特征的叙述，正确的是（）A．地形复杂，中高周低B．平原为主，地形平坦C．北高南低，山河相间D．南高北低，纵列分布9. 关于甲半岛人口、城市主要分布在沿河平原和河口三角洲的原因，分析错误的是（）A．地形平坦B．水源充足C．河运便利D．水能丰富10. 位于印度，被称为世界古代七大建筑奇迹之一的建筑是下列的（）A．B．C．D．北京某中学生想在暑假期间乘坐火车去莫斯科旅游。

读图，完成11-13题。

11. 根据图中的铁路网分析，该学生沿途（）A．经过亚、欧、非三大洲B．可以看到大面积的热带沙漠景观C．经过西伯利亚大铁路的部分路段D．经过北冰洋和太平洋附近12. 俄罗斯的西伯利亚大铁路之所以从俄罗斯的南部山区穿过，是因为南部地区（）①地形平坦②人口和城市集中③资源和工业区分布集中④气温比北部沿海平原温暖A．①②④B．①②③C．①②③④D．②③④13. 印度积极承接国外服务外包订单，发展信息技术服务外包产业，其原因是（）①本国人力资源丰富②劳动力成本较低③英语普及④信息技术发展较早A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①②③④中东是目前世界上石油储量、生产量、输出量最多的地区。

八年级下册道德与法治期中备考限时训练一、单选题1. 我国宪法规定：中华人民共和国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。

这说明（）①社会主义制度是我国的根本政治制度②宪法明确了人民当家作主的地位③一切权力属于人民是我国的宪法原则④宪法确认了我国的国家性质A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④2. “奉法者强则国强，奉法者弱则国弱。

”党的十九大再次提出全面推进依法治国的总目标。

建设法治社会，要认识到法律既是自身权利的保障，也是自身的行为规范，需要我们青少年学生（）①了解法律程序规定②自觉学习法律知识③以法律来指导和约束自己的行为，做到依法办事④充分行使权利A．①②③B．②③④C．①②④D．①②③④3. “‘阳光’是最好的防腐剂，政府的权力运行过程公开透明就会大大地降低腐败发生的几率。

”这是因为，权力运行过程公开透明才能（）①扩大公民的民主权利②真正做到权为民所用③切实维护人民群众的所有利益④有效防止政府权力的滥用A．①②B．②③C．②④D．③④4. 坚持依宪执政是习近平法治思想的重要内容之一，强调依宪执政，因为宪法是（）①一切组织和个人的根本活动准则②评判是否犯罪的专门法律③所有法律的总和④国家和人民意志的体现A．①③B．②④C．①④D．②③5. 民法典总则第一条规定：“为了保护民事主体的合法权益……根据宪法，制定本法”“根据宪法，制定本法”说明（）A．宪法是其他法律的立法基础和立法依据B．宪法只规定国家生活中的一般性问题C．宪法是一切组织和个人的根本活动准则D．宪法制定和修改程序比其他法律更严格6. 国歌法规定，在公共场合故意篡改国歌歌词、曲谱，以歪曲、贬损方式奏唱国歌，或者以其他方式侮辱国歌的，由公安机关处以警告或者十五日以下拘留；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

对此，下列说法错误的是A．维护国歌的尊严，就是维护国家的尊严，维护中华民族的尊严B．有利于提升公民的国家观念和爱国意识，培育和践行社会主义核心价值观C．有利于保证宪法的有效实施，增强国歌奏唱的严肃性和规范性D．这告诉我们随意奏唱国歌的行为必然构成犯罪7. 中华人民共和国公民享有监督权，公民监督的对象是A．所有中国公民B．极少数敌对分子C．一切国家机关和国家工作人员D．有违法失职行为的国家8. 在八年级（1）班的道德与法治课上，同学们就公民的基本权利和义务发表了各自的看法。

记叙顺序之顺叙、倒叙、插叙训练目标：巩固解题思路、规范答题语言训练时间：20分钟阅读下面三篇文章，回答问题。

（一）三件不能让母亲知道的往事⑴我是个乡下孩子。

母亲是土生土长的乡下人，没什么文化。

但没文化的母亲对孩子的爱并不会因为愚昧、不科学的原因而比有文化的母亲少一分，只不过有的时候会以“特别”的形式表现出来而已。

⑵念高三那年的一个周末，母亲第一次搭别人的车来到县城的一中。

在递给我两罐咸菜后，又兴奋地塞给我一盒包装得挺漂亮的营养液。

我惊讶地问母亲：“咱家那么困难，买它干什么?”母亲很认真地说：“听人家说，这东西补脑子，喝了它，准能考上大学。

”我摩挲着那盒营养液嘟嚷着：“那么贵，又借钱了吧?”母亲一笑：“没有!是用手镯换的。

”那只漂亮的银手镯是外祖母传给母亲的，是贫穷的母亲最贵重的东西了。

多年来一直舍不得戴，压在箱底。

⑶母亲走后，我打开一小瓶营养液，慢慢地喝下了那浑浊的液体，没想到我当天晚上便被送进医院。

原来母亲带来的那盒营养液是伪劣产品。

回到学校，我把它全扔了。

⑷当我接到大学录取通知书时，母亲欣然道：“那营养液还真没白喝呀，当初你爸还怕人家骗咱呢。

”我使劲儿点着头。

⑸一个炎炎夏日，正读大学的我收到一个来自家里的包裹单。

我忽匆匆赶到邮局取邮包，未及打开那里三层外三层包裹得格外严实的小纸箱，一股浓浓的馊味已扑面而来。

屏着呼吸打开才发现里面装的是5个煮熟的鸡蛋，经过千里迢迢的邮途，早已变质发臭。

心里禁不住埋怨：也不动动脑子，这么大的城市，什么样的鸡蛋吃不到?大热天的，还那么老远从乡下寄，肯定要坏的。

⑹很快，母亲让邻居代写的信飞至。

原来，前些日子家乡正流行一种说法，说母亲买5个鸡蛋，煮熟了送给儿女吃，就能保儿女的平安。

母亲在信中还一再嘱咐，让我一定要一口气吃掉那5个熟鸡蛋……⑺读信的那一刻，我的心暖融融的，仿佛母亲就站在面前，慈祥地看着我吃下了5个鸡蛋。

放暑假回家，母亲问我鸡蛋是否坏了，我笑着说：“没有，我一口气都吃了。

高三限时阅读训练3一、完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1分；满分20分）One winter morning, I bought a copy of The New York World and turned its pages until I got The Help Wanted Unskilled section. A small advertisement held my __ 36 . It read, “Easy job. Good wages. No experience 37_ .” It sounded like the job I was _ 38 . Easy job. Good Wages. Those four words 39__ now and then in my brain as I was traveling to the address indicated in the 40__ . Easy job. Good wages. Easy job. Good Wages. Easy...When I got to the place, I saw a series of large 41_ half filled with water. Out of them stuck the necks of many bottles of various 42__ and shapes. There were a number of workers sitting on small wooden benches43_ these basins. All had their 44_ in the water of the basin, the left hand holding a 45_ and the thumb nail （指甲）of the right hand _46 the labels（标签）on it.I sat down on a 47 _ beside one of the basins and started to work on one bottle. As the minutes went by, I noticed that the 48 _ of the water started to __ 49 from my hand to my body. But 50 __ still, the thumb of my right hand was __51 by the minute into a full-blown tomato-colored finger. A numb（麻木）pain began to be felt __ 52 from my right thumb. Then I began to feel as if the pa, I told the manager I’d 53__ . He figured that I had __ 54 69 cents at 23 cents an hour.With the money, I left the working place. “Easy job. Good wages...” came to my brain again. Looking at my hands, I 55 myself, “Can easy job get good wages?” I will remember this experience forever.36. A. eyes B. attention C. decision D. tongue37. A. necessary B. forgettable C. practical D. obvious38. A. running after B. looking for C. heading for D. looking after39. A. lived B. moved C. flashed D. attacked40. A. letter B. sign C. advertisement D. post41. A. baskets B. bowls C. pots D. basins42. A. weights B. sizes C. qualities D. depths43. A. In B. Above C. Under D. Around44. A. arms B. hands C. legs D. feet45. A. knife B. cloth C. bottleD. brush46. A. painting B. showing C. touching D. removing47. A. chair B. bench C. stoneD. sofa48. A. smell B. coldness C. colorD. steam49. A. spread B. recover C. recycle D. cover50. A. worse B. better C. moreD. easier51. A. going B. researching C. growing D. running52. A. now and then B. here and there C. one by one D. little by little53. A. adapt B. argue C. bargain D. quit54. A. taken B. offered C. earned D. created55. A. forgave B. asked C. foundD. hated二、阅读理解(A)Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one’s personal life or in the g eneral society. Progress indicates a person’s ability to change the way he is living at the moment. Progress must lead to a better life and a better way of doing things. All these, however, remain true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”, , people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to. gadgets, such as mobile phones and iPads, people often do not take the effect to visit one another personally. A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the person’s presence for as long as the visit lasts. We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.ucts. For example, many handcrafts(手工艺品) are now produced in a factory. Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item.It is people’s attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society. Technology i s flexible. There is no fixed way of making use of it. Everything depends on people’s attitude. The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society. When we accept progress and adapt it to suit ou r needs, a new “past” is created.56.According to Paragraph 1, progress can benefit people when they are willing to _______.A. live a better lifeB. look for better methodsC. change ways of livingD. accept technology and advance steadily57. The underlined word “gadgets” is closest in meaning to _______.A. toolsB. messagesC. barriersD. skills58A. lack great accuracyB. lack the personal touch59. What can be learned about technology from Paragraph 4?A. It can destroy old traditions.B. It can lead to social progress.C. It can be used to correct mistakes.D. It can be used to preserve old products.(B)Pride and Prejudice for the Modern WomanLet us imagine how Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen's most famous work, might be updated, 200 years on. Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here's my own suggestion. .It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism." My dear husband," said his hopeful wife one day, " have you heard that the local store, standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman?"Her dull and indifferent (漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not. "But it is, it is," she replied excitedly. Mr Dull-Husband made no reply."Don't you want to know her plans?" she cried with some impatience."Well, clearly you think it ma tters to your silly little head. .. so I'd better listen. ""Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England, though how a woman can know anything about that is beyond me. She will move in herself next month. " "What is her name?" "Bingley. ""Is she married or single?""My dear love; those lazy boys need something to wake them up. There are bound to be jobs going. ""Is that her point in settling here? Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place. ""Nonsense, my love, how little you've noticed the world has changed. She's got a first-rate degree and some sort of business qualification, I'm told. She surely needs one of our boys! Perhaps you might give her a call. ""Me? No. Perhaps you can take an interest. You still have your looks, after all. She may even offer you a job. ""Oh, that's not likely. These new chances belong to the younger generation. But now you mention it, I think I'll go along all the same. "... It would rem(年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs. Still, she'd no doubt have enjoyed Davos—and might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures.60. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Austen was born 200 years ago.B. Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice.C. Austen's success lies in her wisdom.D. Austen's updated work gains popularity.61. The underlined part in the passage suggests that Mrs Bennet ____.A. had mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about BingleyB. felt kind of worried and doubtful about BingleyC. was extremely anxious to meet BingleyD. had a great curiosity about Bingley62. In the eyes of Mrs. Bennet, Bingley surely needed one of their boys to ____.A. get married toB. work for herC. help her move inD. take over her store63. What does the writer intend to tell us?A. Women with brains can also be as successful as men.B. Women have to pay a high price for success.C.A judgment must be made free from prejudice.D. Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.三、任务型阅读Green is not always referring to the color. In some cases, it is the term used for being environmentally friendly. If you’ve been looking to replace your furniture, consider going green because environmentally friendly furniture offers many benefits. Here are a few tips to get you started on your hunt for the perfect eco-friendly furniture.First, environmentally friendly furniture isn’t harmful to your health. Also its manufacturing process doesn’t cause damage to the environment in any way. Besides, by purchasing eco-friendly products, you prevent deforestation and global warming to some extent in your own way. You do your part in protecting the environment. Environmentally friendly furniture is cost-effective as well.The materials that are used in furniture are what make them green. Materials can be good for the environment either because they are materials that are considered renewable resources or they are all natural. A lack of chemicals and toxins in green furniture also means it is a better choice for the environment. It may be hard to imagine that a sofa or a table could actually be a green product but they really can be depending on what they’re made of.There are a lot of renewable sources that manufacturers could use when building the furniture, so you should be keeping an eye out for them. Bamboo can be an excellent replacement for wood and can also replace plastics and metals in some furnishing. Cotton is a soft fabric that is safe for the environment and it can be replenished(补充) often. Hemp is also a renewable source that can be used for fabric and twine.Recycled materials also can be made into green furniture. Metals can be recovered and remade into new things such as frames and foundations for sofas. Recycled plastic can also be made into furniture such as tables and chairs. Touching up old furniture instead of buying new items is very cheap way to be green. Yard sales and second-hand stores sell furniture too and buying the used means new things won’t be made, so no more damage has to happen to the earth.Therefore, when you want to hunt for the perfect environmentally friendly furniture, you should try to know the type of materials which are used in building the furniture.BABCC41—45DBDBC46—50DBBAA51—55 CDDCB阅读DABD CABD任务型阅读(71) Benefits/Advantages (72) harmless/beneficial (73) avoids (74) save (75) contain/have(76) replace (77) reused/recycled/used (78) like (79) second-hand/used/old(80) better/necessary/important/vital/essential。

综合探究三一、单选题1．修改宪法是依法治国的大事。

下图体现了我国第五次修宪的历程。

此过程体现了（）①依法治国首先要坚持中国共产党依法执政②党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国的有机统一③把党的主张和公民意志上升为国家意志的过程④民主集中制的组织和活动原则A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④2．2020年5月28日,十三届全国人大三次会议表决通过了《中华人民共和国民法典》,自2021年1月1日起施行。

这是新中国第一部以法典命名的法律,开启了我国法典编纂立法的先河。

《中华人民共和国民法典》制定的基本程序是( )①《中华人民共和国民法典(草案)》面向全社会公开征求意见②中国共产党十八届四中全会明确提出编纂民法典的重大任务③相关机关和部门讨论起草《中华人民共和国民法典(草案)》④全国人民代表大会表决并通过《中华人民共和国民法典》A．①→③→②→④B．②→①→③→④C．②→③→①→④D．①→④→②→③3．建设社会主义法治国家是系统工程，是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求，既需要党和国家的统筹与规划，更需要公民和全社会的参与与推动。

全面依法治国，必须坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一。

对此下列认识正确的有( )①依法治国是社会主义民主政治的本质特征②三者统一于我国社会主义民主政治伟大实践③人民当家作主是党领导人民治理国家的基本方式④党的领导是人民当家作主和依法治国的根本保证A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④4．2020年3月，司法部、国家移民管理局在北京联合召开《中华人民共和国外国人永久居留管理条例》(征求意见稿)征求意见座谈会。

部分企事业单位人员、社区干部、居民和专家学者应邀参加会议，对意见稿进行深入讨论，发表意见和建议。

这一做法（）①坚持了人民当家作主和依法治国的有机结合②体现了国家对公民参与民主监督权利的尊重③是政府提高决策的科学化、民主化水平的表现④能够保障决策反映全体公民意志A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④5．习近平总书记深刻指出：“实践充分证明，人民代表大会制度是符合中国国情和实际、体现社会主义国家性质、保证人民当家作主、保障实现中华民族伟大复兴的好制度。

必修三Module 1 Europe Reading and Vocabulary限时训练一、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分。

注意：每空不能超过三词)Once the tallest structure in the world, the Eiffel Tower is probably Europe's best known landmark and Paris's most famous 1 .You couldn't possibly visit Paris 2 seeing the Eiffel Tower. Even if you do not want to visit this world famous structure, you will see its top from all over Paris. The tower rises 300 meters tall (984 ft); when it was completed at the end of the nineteenth century it was twice 3 high as the Washington Monument, at the time the 4 (tall) structure in the world.The Eiffel Tower was built for the World Exhibition in 1889, 5 was held in celebration of the French Revolution in 1789.The construction was only meant 6 (last) for the duration of the Exposition, 7 it still stands today, despite all protests from contemporary artists who feared the construction would be the advent (出现) of structures without 'individuality' and despite the many people who feared that this huge 'object' would not fit into the architecture of Paris. Today, there 8 no such aversion (厌恶) anymore among the Parisians, and one could not imagine Paris without the Eiffel Tower.The man behind the Eiffel Tower was Gustave Eiffel, 9 (know) for his revolutionary bridge building techniques. These techniques would form the basis for the construction of the Eiffel Tower.The structure took more than two years to complete. Each one of the about 12,000 iron pieces 10 (design)separately to give them exactly the shape needed. All pieces were prefabricated(预加工的) and fit together using approximately seven million nails.二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）It’s fourteen years since I left the Philippines to live with my family in the USA. A month ago, while on summer vacation back in my motherland, I learned a lesson from mosquito（蚊子）bites. Right before 11 Kennedy Airport in New York, my grandma 12 me of the behavior of the native mosquitoes around the 13 like me. She said, “There’s an old saying—the 14 you stay away from the motherland, the sweeter your blood 15 to the mosquitoes.” Not16 it, I replied, “Grandma, that’s just an old wives’ tale!”Well, less than a week 17 my arrival in Manila, I was already carpeted with a 18 of mosquito bites. I took many measures to keep myself from being 19 , but they all proved useless.Late on 20 in my cousin’s home, I couldn’t bear the21 of the bites. Hoping to find some comfort, I 22 my cousin, who was sleeping peacefully in the bed next to mine. Unhappy for being 23 , she sai d, “There is nothing you can do. Go back to sleep.” With a few turns, she slept again. Enviously（嫉妒地）24 her sleep, I hoped a big mosquito would 25 on her face. However, the mosquitoes would just lightly dance around her forehead and fly away quickly, never biting her. Amazed（惊奇的）, I ran to others’26 , only to find they were all sleeping 27 as the same thing occurred again and again.From those bites, I came to 28 my grandma’s silly tale. From then on, I’ve always tried to keep a(n) 29 mind about those strange old wives’ tales30 they do have some truth to them.11. A. leaving B. passing C. visiting D. finding12. A. persuaded B. reminded C. warned D. informed13. A. students B. foreigners C. passengers D. visitors14. A. earlier B. longer C. sooner D. later15. A. grows B. goes C. flows D. remains16. A. expecting B. understanding C. recognizing D. believing17. A. after B. before C. when D. as18. A. shade B. pole C. cloud D. blanket19. A. touched B. bitten C. defeated D. discovered20. A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D. night21. A. noise B. hit C. pain D. effect22. A. woke up B. shouted at C. looked for D. dropped on23. A. blamed B. interrupted C. moved D. frightened24. A. having B. watching C. making D. helping25. A. land B. fly C. fall D. wait26. A. houses B. flats C. rooms D. homes27. A. joyfully B. anxiously C. soundlessly D. worriedly28. A. tell B. know C. remember D. accept29. A. open B. active C. clear D. honest30. A. and B. so C. because D. until三、阅读理解（共18小题；每小题2.5分，满分40分）AStudent Membership-----Cambridge Arts CinemaCambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home of the internationally celebrated Cambridge Film Festival. Since 1947 generations of students have discovered the wealth of world cinema. Now you too can make most of it and save money.31. Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?A. The Cambridge Film Festival.B. Meetings with filmmakers.C. The preview screening.D. Monthly premieres.32. If you're a member of Cambridge Arts Cinema, you will enjoy free ______ .A. Darkroom Gallery showsB. mailed programmesC. special film eventsD. film shows33. How long will the membership for Cambridge Arts Cinema last?A. Four months.B. Eight months.C. Nine months.D. One year.34．For what purpose is the text written?A. Offering students cheaper tickets．B. Announcing the opening of a premiere.C. Telling the public of the cinema's address.D. Increasing the cinema's membership.BIn 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival(节目) of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge (挑战) to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And years early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.A paid administrator(行政人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.53. What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?A. To bring Europe together again.B. To honor heroes of World War 11.C. To introduce young theatre groups.D. To attract great artists from Europe.36. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?A. They owned a public house there.B. They came to take up a challenge.C. They thought they were also famous.D. They wanted to take part in the festival.37. Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?A. Popular writers.B. University students.C. Artists from around the world.D. Performers of music and dance.38. We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival_______.A. has become a non-official eventB. has gone beyond an art festivalC. gives shows all year roundD. keeps growing rapidlyCthey would like to visit and give their reasons. The survey was made by a travel company which organises holidays in Europe.39 ____Venice in Italy is situated on a hundred small islands and it was chosen because it is the most romantic European city. It is unique because of its beautiful canals and bridges. Newly married honeymoon couples love to go for a ride in a gondola, the famous boat which is the symbol of Venice.In the past, Venice was an important port. Marco Polo left from there when he travelled to China in 1271. It was also a great artistic centre during the Renaissance.40 ____The capital of Spain, Madrid, is situated in the centre of the country. Madrid is famous for its art galleries. The Prado Museum has one of the world's biggest art collections and paintings by Picasso are exhibited at the Reina Sofia. Many people are attracted to Madrid for its exciting nightlife.But the city is well-known with young people because it is home to the Real Madrid soccer team and its star players.41 ____London is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom. Its many historical landmarks, including the Tower of London and the Buckingham Palace, are visited by millions of tourists. But London is also an exciting modern city and a great entertainment centre. Lots of musicals, plays, concerts and operas are created and performed in the theatres of the West End.42 ____The Italian capital, Rome, is one of the world's richest historical cities. The ancient city was the capital of the Roman Empire and tourists are especially attracted by the large number of ancient monuments. Its most famous landmark is the Colosseum, a Roman amphitheatre built in 75 AD. Another attraction is the Pope's residence, the V atican, and its beautiful Sistine Chapel, which was painted by Renaissance artist Michelangelo.II. Choose the correct answer.43. The survey was made ____.A. by a travel companyB. by senior high studentsC. by young people44. Venice is situated ____.A. on the coastB. in the centre of ItalyC. on an island45. Tourists are attracted to Venice because it ____.A. was the birthplace of Marco PoloB. is a big portC. is different from anywhere else46. The Reina Sofia is ____.A. an art galleryB. a painting by PicassoC. a museum47. The West End is ____.A. a popular musicalB. a famous theatreC. a part of London48. The Colosseum was built ____.A. by MichelangeloB. by the RomansC. during the RenaissanceReading and Vocabulary限时训练1. symbol2. without3. as4. tallest5. which6. to last7. but8. is9. (who was) known 10. was designed11.【答案】A 【解析】通过对上下文的理解考查动词。

2023中考语文一轮复习基础过关：字音字形限时训练学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、选择题1．下列划线字注音有误的一项是（）A．隧洞（suì）号叫（háo）一气呵成（hē）如坐针毡（zhān）B．旗帜（zhì）门槛（kǎn）影影绰绰（chuò）两肋插刀（lèi）C．迷惘（wǎnɡ）盘桓（huán）千钧之力（jūn）血雨腥风（xīnɡ）D．烟囱（chōnɡ）附和（hè）长夜漫漫（màn）不知好歹（dǎi）2．下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是（）A．顷．刻（qīng）矗．立（chù）锐不可当．（dānɡ）B．挑剔．（tī）襁．褓（qiǎnɡ）周道如砥．（dǐ）C．污秽．（huì）倔．强（jüé）怒不可遏．（è）D．游弋．（yè）褴褛．（lǚ）不屑．置辩（xiè）3．下列各组中加点字注音无误的一项是（）A．妖娆．（yáo）冠冕．（miǎn）摇曳．（yì）强聒．不舍（shé）B．亵．渎（xiè）箴．言（zhēn）轻觑．（qù）彬．彬有礼（bīn）C．恣睢．（cuī）眺．望（tiào）豢．养（huà）五行．缺土（háng）D．褴褛．（lǔ）诓．骗（kuāng）桑梓．（zhǐ）箪．食壶浆（dàn）4．下列各组词语中，加点字的读音全都正确的一组是（）A．腼腆．（tiǎn）创．疤（chuāng）殷．红（yīn）皮开肉绽．（zhàn）B．惊诧．（chà）陶冶．（yě）当差．（chāi）深恶．痛疾（è）C．吮．吸（shǔn）恣睢．（suī）贮．藏（zhù）泠泠淙．淙（cóng）D．邂逅．（hòu）栈．桥（zhàn）畸．形（qī）侃．侃而谈（kǎn）5．下列词语中加点字的注音完全正确的一项是（）A．着．落（zháo）狭隘．（ài）秕．谷（bǐ）锲．而不舍（qiè）B．惩．戒（chéng）荫．蔽（yīn）晕．眩（yūn）畏罪潜．逃（qián）C．抽噎．（yē）愚．蠢（yú）哺．乳（bǔ）混．为一谈（hǔn）D．殷．红（yān）侮．辱（wǔ）粗拙．（zhuō）妇孺．皆知（rǔ）6．下列词语中加点字的注音有错误的一组是（）A．沮．丧（jǔ）高亢．（kàng）同仇敌忾．（kài）B．纨绔．（kù）青睐．（lài）恪．守不渝（kè）C．迤逦．（lǐ）愤懑．（mǎn）秣．马厉兵（mò）D．泥淖．（nào）酝酿．（niàng）拈．轻怕重（niān）7．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A．恪．守（kè）娉．婷（pīn）摇曳．（yè）强聒．不舍（guō）B．朴．刀（pō）驳．船（bó）阔绰．（chuò）孜．孜不倦（zī）C．宽宥．（yòu）濡．养（rú）诓．骗（kuāng）矫．揉造作（jiāo）D．豢．养（quán）恣睢．（suī）嗔．怒（chēn）歇．斯底里（xiē）8．下列词语中加点字的注音全对．．的一组是（）A．殷．红（yān）狼藉．（jí）枯涸．（hé）即物起兴．（xìng）B．瞬．间（shùn）吊唁．（yàn）勾．当（gōu）物竞．天择（jìng）C．藩．篱（fān）亘．古（gèng）倒坍．（tān）锲．而不舍（qiè）D．蓦．然（mò）炽．痛（chì）酝酿．（niàng）戛．然而止（jiā）9．下列各组词语中，加点字的读音全都正确的一组是（）A．掂．量（diān）愧赧．（nǎn）亵．渎（xiè）战战兢．兢（jīng）B．宽宥．（yòu）温顺．（xùn）恐吓．（hè）伤痕累．累（lěi）C．筛．子（shāi）烟囱．（cōng）拮据．（jù）矫．揉造作（jiǎo）D．恪．守（kè）惊骇．（hài）冠．冕（guān）血．雨腥风（xiě）10．下列加点字注音全对的一项是（）A．恪．守（kè）愧赧．（nǎn）诓．骗（kuāng）断壁残垣．（yuán）B．憎．恶（zēng）星宿．（xiù）羼．水（chàn）侍．候（sì）C．冠冕．（miǎn）荣膺．（yīng）拘泥．（ní）战战兢．兢（jīng）D．狡黠．（xiá）幌．子（huǎng）豢．养（huàn）彬．彬有礼（bīng）11．下面各组词语中加点字的注音，完全正确的一项是（）A．亢．奋（kàng）臆．测（yì）恃才放旷．（guǎng）B．阴晦．（huǐ）宽恕．（shù）销声匿．迹（nì）C．犀．利（xī）酝酿．（niàng）黯．然失色（àn）D．对称．（chèng）泯．灭（mǐn）怏怏．．不乐（yàng）12．下面加点字注音有误的一项是（）A．惦．记（diàn）翌．日（yì）哄．堂大笑（hōng）B．蓦．然（mò）山涧．（jiàn）自出心裁．（cái）C．教诲．（huì）栈．桥（zhàn）不折不挠．（náo）D．气氛．（fěn）热忱．（zhěn）强．词夺理（qiǎng）13．请选出下列词语中加点字读音完全正确的一项（）A．骊．歌（lí）应和．（hé）门楣．（méi）强聒．不舍（guā）B．惬．意（qiè）陨．落（yǔn）差．使（chāi）鞠躬尽瘁．（cuì）C．凛．冽（lǐng）感慨．（kài）蜿．蜒（wān）重峦．叠嶂（luán）D．点缀．（zhuì）迸．溅（bìng）脊．椎（jí）戛．然而止（jiá）14．下列各组词语中，加点字的读音全都正确的一组是（）A．筵．席（yàn）矗．立（chù）惊骇．（hài）附庸．风雅（yōng）B．冠．冕（guān）伶．仃（lín）遁．词（dùn）鸠占鹊巢．（cáo）C．星宿．（sù）汲．取（jí）豢．养（quán）茅塞．顿开（sè）D．鲜妍．（yán）拜谒．（yè）坍．塌（tān）自惭形秽．（huì）15．下列词语中加点字注音完全正确的一项是（）A．拙．劣（zhuó）记载．（zǎi）襁．褓（qiǎnɡ）B．拘泥．（nì）渲．染（xuàn）着．想（zhuó）C．契．合（qiè）炊．烟（chuī）醋栗．（lì）D．侦缉．（jī）娉．婷（pīn）荣膺．（yīng）16．下列词语中，加点字的注音全都正确的一项是（）A．妖娆．（náo）冠冕．（miǎn）嗔．怒（chēnɡ）愧赧．（nǎn）B．亵渎．（dú）箱箧．（jiá）箴．言（jiān）宽宥．（yòu）C．广袤．（máo）游弋．（yè）坍．塌（tān）雾凇．（sōnɡ）D．阔绰．（chuò）朴．刀（pō）怨怅．（chànɡ）报帖．（tiĕ）17．下面各组词语中加点字的注音，正确的一项是（）A．虔．诚（qián）伫．立（chù）行．辈（xíng）畏罪潜．逃（qián）B．迸．溅（bìng）胸脯．（pǔ）别墅．（shù）锋芒毕露．（lù）C．掺．杂（chān）创．伤（chuàng）粗犷．（guǎng）深恶．痛绝（è）D．惩．罚（chéng）狩．猎（shòu）着．落（zhuó）屏．息敛声（bǐng）18．下面加点字注音有误的一项是（）A．压．榨（yā）自吹自擂．（léi）逞．能（chěng）B．瞥．见（piē）顿开茅塞．（sè）汲．取（jí）C．豢．养（juàn）大发雷霆．（tíng）灌溉．（gài）D．箴．言（zhēn）间．不容发（jiān）谷穗．（suì）19．下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）A．绯红寂寞不屑置辨无精打采B．嗜学阔掉伤痕累累唠唠叨叨C．恳切赔偿异想天开望眼欲穿D．洋溢恐吓无椽无故芒刺在背20．下面词语中，没有错别字的一项是（）A．正人君子娇揉造作不修边幅B．妇孺皆知巧妙绝伦惮精竭虑C．锋芒必露穷愁潦倒历历在目D．颠沛流离川流不息销声匿迹21．下列各组中字词书写无误的一项是（）A．飘逸拮居侥幸断章取意B．阴晦停滞逞能自惭形秽C．失礼敖慢发怔前扑后继D．调停灌概脊粱不言而谕22．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A．余晖缥缈人声鼎沸不可救要B．安详怂恿美不胜收不辍劳做C．分歧深宵怪诞不经以身作则D．搓捻憔瘁入木三分深恶痛疾23．下列词语中字形完全正确的一项是（）A．萧索拮据发怔嬉闹遁词与日俱增B．惘然阔踔促狭诓骗怨惝歇斯底里C．隔膜褴缕筵席渺茫癫倒前仆后继D．鄙夷撩逗鲁砘虚妄槡梓根深蒂固24．下列词语中书写完全正确的一项是（）A．练达隧洞窝行无精打采B．秘诀喷薄捷报取义成仁C．腌臜笼统犀利狂忘自大D．睥睨雷霆怯懦华众取宠25．下列各组词语中，汉字书写全都正确的一组是（）A．琉璃海鸥千钧之力自惭行秽B．笑涡箫索富丽堂皇望眼欲穿C．招驾糟蹋根深蒂固天伦之乐D．簇新端详不屑置辩忸怩作态26．下列词语书写完全正确的一项（）A．缈茫睥睨矫揉造作好高骛远B．桥堍秘决耳熟能祥雕梁画栋C．诘难渲染味同嚼腊吹毛求疵D．寒噤拮据两肋插刀如坐针毡27．下列各组词语中，汉字书写全都正确的一组是（）A．端详亵渎不省人事通霄达旦B．贸然作揖死心塌地俯拾即是C．肥硕墨守如雷灌耳面面斯觑D．诓骗侥幸辩伪去妄歇斯底里28．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A．咬文嚼字如坐针毡大发雷廷B．与日俱增鸠占雀巢郑重其事C．摄手摄脚矫揉造作言不及义D．千钧之力崇山峻岭文采藻饰29．下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是（）A．闲暇因地置宜振撼荡然无存B．缘委千钧之力旁骛诚皇诚恐C．练达藏污纳垢嬉闹怪诞不经D．余晖如雷惯耳映照厌厌欲睡30．下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是（）A．糟塌无稽之谈要挟利兵秣马B．颀长推心置腹倘徉迫不及待C．啜泣惮精竭虑布署真知灼见D．铿镪冠冕堂皇犒劳生死犹关31．下列词语中字形完全正确的一项是（）A．朗润呼朋引伴健壮人迹罕致B．贮蓄由然而生宽敞喜出望外C．感慨混为一谈惭愧美不胜收D．奥秘恍然大悟渊搏人声鼎沸32．下列词语中，没有．．错别字的一项是（）A．愕然十拿九稳撩逗郑重其是B．忧戚歇斯底里阔绰与日具增C．端祥一代天骄褴褛置之不理D．鲜妍摇曳多姿嬉闹一筹莫展二、基础知识综合33．阅读下面的文字，按要求答题。

2021年中考总复习25分钟限时规范训练（含答案）姓名：班级：限时训练3生物的生存依赖一定的环境(时间25分钟分值25分)一、选择题(每小题1分，共15分)1．生物有许多区别于非生物的特征。

下列属于生物的是（A）A．地衣B．机器人C．钟乳石D．煮熟的鸡蛋2．《齐民要术》是我国古代的农业百科全书，对世界农业科学史产生了重要的影响。

其中对菜地的管理有“有草锄之”的论述。

种菜要锄草，因为杂草与蔬菜之间的关系是（A）A．竞争B．合作C．寄生D．共生3．“万物生长靠太阳”这句话体现出的生物与环境之间的关系是(C)A．生物适应环境B．生物影响环境C．环境影响生物D.生物与环境相互影响4．下列诗句中最能体现出光对植物生长影响的是AA．春色满园关不住，一枝红杏出墙来B．人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开C．竹外桃花三两枝，春江水暖鸭先知D．停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花5．“烟雨湿阑干，杏花惊蛰寒”，惊蛰节气前后气温转暖，雨水增多，杏花开放，惊雷惊醒了蛰伏于泥土中冬眠的昆虫。

这说明AA．环境影响生物B．环境适应生物C．生物影响环境D．生物适应环境6．下列选项中体现了生物适应环境的是AA．仙人球的叶变成刺状，以减少水分的散失B．千里之堤，溃于蚁穴C．过度放牧，破坏草场D．大树底下好乘凉7．地衣生活在岩石表面，可以从岩石中得到所需的营养物质；地衣又能够分泌地衣酸，对岩石有腐蚀作用。

这一事实说明(D)A．生物能适应环境B．生物不能适应环境，也不能影响环境C．生物能影响环境D．生物既能适应环境，又能影响环境8．生命世代相续，生生不息。

下列诗词中没有体现生殖现象的是BA．几处早莺争暖树，谁家新燕啄春泥B．碧玉妆成一树高，万条垂下绿丝绦C．穿花蛱蝶深深见，点水蜻蜓款款飞D．日出江花红胜火，春来江水绿如蓝9．下列所描述的生命现象与其实例不符的是CA．生物的生命活动需要营养——螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后B．生物能对外界刺激作出反应——朵朵葵花向太阳C．生物能排出体内的代谢废物——蜻蜓点水D．生物能生长繁殖——离离原上草，一岁一枯荣10．谚语、俗语和古诗词中蕴含着一些生物学原理。

A B CD铁轨铺在枕木上剪刀刃做得很薄书包带做得较宽坦克车的履带基础知识限时训练（二）一、 选择题(8小题，每小题3分，共24分。

下列各题所列答案中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，选对的得3分，选错或不答的得0分) 1. 下列措施中，为了增大压强的是( )2. 关于声现象下列说法不正确的是( )A ． 真空不能传声是通过实验与推理的方法获得的B ． 声音在空气中以波的形式向外传播C ． 课堂上听到老师的讲话声,说明声音可以在空气中传播D ． 声音在不同介质中传播速度相同 3. 下列关于光现象的说法正确的是( )A ． 漫反射不遵循光的反射定律B ． 白光是由各种色光混合而成的C ． 电视遥控器发出的是紫外线D ． 物体在平面镜中成的是虚像4. 把萝卜腌成咸的通常需要几天，而把萝卜炒熟，使之具有相同的咸味，仅需几分钟。

下列相关的说法错误的是( )A ． 萝卜能被腌成咸的说明分子间存在间隙B ． 盐分子与萝卜分子间存在相互作用的引力C ． 炒菜时萝卜是运动的，盐分子更容易进入萝卜中D ． 炒菜时温度高，分子热运动更激烈5. 小东家里的“空气开关”自动断开了，下列原因正确的是( )A. 开关中的两个线头相碰了B. 两孔插座中的两个线头相碰了C. 灯泡的灯丝断了又碰到一起D. 插头和插座接触不良6. 如图2,琪琪用弹簧测力计拉着重8N 的木块在水平面上以2.5m/s 的速度匀速直线运动了2米，弹簧测力计的示数为2N 。

则下列说法正确的( ) A. 琪琪对木块做了20J 的功B. 琪琪对木块的拉力大于地面对木块的摩擦力C. 如果琪琪将拉力增大到3N ，则地面对木块的摩擦力仍是2ND. 如绳子突然断开，木块将立即停止运动7. 如图3，钢珠沿竖直平面上的光滑轨道abcd 从a 点运动d 点，则钢珠( )A ． 通过d 时的速度比通过c 时大B ． 在c 点比在b 点的重力势能小C ． 从a 运动到b 的过程中，动能转化为重力势能D ． 从b 运动到c 的过程中，机械能转化为重力势能8. 如图4所示，长1.6m 、粗细均匀的金属杆可以绕O 点在竖直平面内自由转动，一拉力——位移传感器竖直作用在杆上，并能使杆始终保持水平平衡。

2024高中数学计算限时训练（解析版）计算预备知识1.关于平方112=121122=144132=169142=196152=225162=256172=289182=324 192=361202=4002.关于平方根2≈1.4143≈1.7325≈2.2366≈2.4507≈2.64610≈3.1623.关于立方根32≈1.26033≈1.44234≈1.58735≈1.71036≈1.81737≈1.91339≈2.080310≈2.1544.关于ππ≈3.14π2≈1.57π3≈1.05π4≈0.79π5≈0.63π6≈0.52πe≈22.465.关于ee≈2.718e2≈7.389e3≈20.086e≈1.6491e≈0.3681≈0.135eπ≈23.14e26.关于lnln2≈0.693ln3≈1.099ln5≈1.609ln7≈1.946ln10≈2.3037.关于三角函数sinπ5≈0.588sinπ8≈0.383cosπ5≈0.809cosπ8≈0.924tanπ5≈0.727tanπ8≈0.4148.关于loglg2≈0.301lg3≈0.477lg7≈0.8459.关于阶乘4!=245!=1206!=7207!=504010.关于双重根号3±22=2±14±23=3±17±43=2±38±27=7±1 11.关于三角度数sin15°=cos75°=6-24sin75°=cos15°=6+24tan15°=2-3tan75°=2+3初中内容(简单回顾初中的相关计算)训练1(建议用时:10分钟)1.当x>2时, |x-2|=2.若|m-n|=n-m, 且|m|=4,|n|=3, 则m+n=3.用科学记数法表示248000004.若x,y为有理数, 且|x+2|+(y-2)2=0, 则x+y=5.若|a+2|+(b-3)2=0, 则a b=6.用科学记数法表示0.000000217.若有理数x,y的乘积xy为正, 则|x|x+|y|y+|xy|xy的值为8.已知|x|=3,|y|=5, 且|y-x|=x-y, 则2x+y=9.已知代数式x-3y2的值是5 , 则代数式x-3y22-2x+6y2的值是10.关于x,y的单项式2m3x2y的次数是11.已知代数式a2+2a-2b-a2+3a+mb的值与b无关, 则m的值是12.若a,b互为倒数, m,n互为相反数, 则(m+n)2+2ab=13.-2πx3y5的系数是14.已知a-3b-4=0, 则代数式4+2a-6b的值为15.已知代数式x2+x+1的值是3 , 那么代数式5x2+5x+8的值是16.若a,b互为相反数, m,n互为倒数, 则a+b+2mn-3=17.单项式4πx2y49的系数为 , 次数为训练2(建议用时：10分钟)1.已知3a2x-3b与-12a5b4y+5是同类项,则|x+5y|等于2.多项式-2ab2+4a5b-1的项分别是,次数是3.已知多项式x2-3kxy-y2+6xy-8不含xy项, 则k的值是4.单项式πx2y37的系数是 , 次数是;多项式5x2y-3y2的次数是5.已知(a+1)2+|b-2|=0, 则a b+1的值等于6.当x=时,式子2x+56与x+114+x的值互为相反数.7.已知代数式5x-2的值与110互为倒数, 则x=8.某件商品, 按成本提高40%后标价, 又以8折优惠卖出, 结果仍可获利15元, 则这件商品的成本价为9.当x=时, 32x+1与x-3的值相等10.当代数式1-(3m-5)2有最大值时, 关于x的方程3m-4=3x+2的解为11.若方程4x-1=5与2-a-x3=0的解相同, 则a的值为=b, 则当b=1时方程的解为12.已知13x-213.已知关于x的一元一次方程x+2m=-1的解是x=m, 则m的值是14.已知x=1是方程3x-m=x+2n的一个解, 则整式m+2n+2020的值为15.当x=时,式子3-2x与2+x互为相反数16.若-4a m b3与3a2-m b n-1可以合并成一项,则m n的值是17.已知x=3是方程11-2x=ax-1的解,则a=18.已知一元一次方程(m-4)x+m2=16的解是x=0, 则m=19.要使关于x,y的多项式my3+3nx2y+2y3-x2y+y不含三次项, 则2m+3n的值为训练3(建议用时:10分钟)1.已知a m=3,a n=9, 则a3m-n=2.当a时, (a-2)0=13.已知2x+5y-5=0, 则4x⋅32y的值是4.已知2a=3,2b=5, 则22a+2a+b=5.若3x=10,3y=5, 则32x-y=6.已知3x÷9y=27, 则2020+2y-x的值为7.已知x+4y=1, 则2x⋅16y=8.计算:(-3)2021×13 2020=9.已知2x=3,2y=5, 则22x-y=2020×(1.5)2021=10.-2311.若2x+y=3, 则4x⋅2y=12.若5x=18,5y=3, 则5x-y==0, 则y x=13.若(x-2)2+y+1314.计算:(-1)0+13 -1=15.计算:a2⋅a4+-3a32-10a6=16.已知6m=2,6n=3, 则6m+n2=17.已知2x+3-2x=112, 则x的值为18.已知x-y=5,xy=2, 则x2+y2=19分解因式:-xy2+4x=20.已知m-n=3, 则m2-n2-6n=21.已知25x2+kxy+4y2是一个完全平方式, 则k的值是=22.若m+1m=3, 则m2+1m223.若x2-(m-3)x+4是一个完全平方式, 则m的值是训练4(建议用时:10分钟)1.已知关于x的二次三项式x2+2kx+16是一个完全平方式, 则实数k的值为2.分解因式:4x2-4y2=3.分解因式:3xy3-27x3y=4.分解因式:4(a+b)2-(a-b)2=5.若x2-ax+1(x-1)的展开式是关于x的三次二项式, 则常数a=6.已知x+1x=3, 且0<x<1, 则x-1x=7.若a2+6a+b2-4b+13=0, 则a b=8.若y2+py+q=(y+3)(y-2), 则-pq=9.(-2a)3⋅1-2a+a2=10.已知a+b=2,ab=-2, 则(a-2)(b-2)=11.已知方程组x+2y=k,2x+y=2的解满足x+y=2, 则k的平方根为12.已知2x+5y=3, 用含y的式子表示x, 则x=13.若单项式-3a2m+1b8与4a3m b5m+n是同类项, 则这两个单项式的和为14.若方程组x+y=4,2x-y=-1的解也是2x-ay=14的解, 则a=15.已知二元一次方程组2x+y=7,x+2y=8,则x-y=x+y=16.不等式2x-12-3≤0的非负整数解共有个17.已知不等式12x-3≥2x与不等式3x-a≤0的解集相同, 则a=18.解不等式2+3x≤3-5x, 则x19.不等式组-13x>2,5-x>3的解集为20.不等式组2x-3<1,1-x≤3的解集为训练5(建议用时:10分钟)1.已知直角三角形的两边长分别为3,5 , 且第三边是整数, 则第三边的长度为2.若三角形的三边长分别为a,b,c, 且|a-b|+a2+b2-c2=0, 则△ABC的形状为3.已知直角三角形两直角边a,b满足a+b=17,ab=60, 则此直角三角形斜边上的高为4.在直角坐标系中, 点A(2,-2)与点B(-2,1)之间的距离AB=5.在直角三角形中,其中两边的长度分别为3,4 , 则第三边的长度是6.在直角三角形ABC中, ∠C=90°,BC=12,CA=5,AB=7.若a、b为实数, 且(a+3)2+b-2=0, 则a b的值为8.11的整数部分是小数部分是9.已知实数x,y满足3x+4+y2-6y+9=0, 则-xy的算术平方根的平方根的相反数等于10.计算:|-5|+(2-1)0=11.计算:20+|1-2|=12.3-7的相反数是 , 绝对值等于3的数是13.116的平方根是14.-8的立方根是,16的平方根是15.19-35的整数部分为a, 小数部分为b, 则2a-b=16.若x-4+(y+3)2=0, 则x+y=17.已知a是64的立方根, 2b-3是a的平方根,则114a-4b的算术平方根为训练6(建议用时:10分钟)1.在第三象限内到x轴的距离为2 , 到y轴的距离为3的点的坐标为2.在平面直角坐标系中, 点A(-2,1)关于y轴的对称点A 的坐标是3.点P(-1,1)先向左平移2个单位长度, 再向上平移3个单位长度得点P1, 则点P1的坐标是4.在平面直角坐标系中, 点M(a,b)与点N(5,-3)关于x轴对称, 则ab的值是5.如果点P(m,1-2m)在第四象限,那么m的取值范围是6.点A(3,-2)关于x轴对称的点的坐标为 , 关于y轴对称的点的坐标为7.在平面直角坐标系中, 过点P(6,8)作PA⊥x轴, 垂足为A, 则PA的长为8.点P(-2,6)到x轴的距离是9.若点A(m+2,-3)与点B(-4,n+5)在二、四像限的角平分线上, 则m+n=10.已知点A(m,3)与点B(2,n)关于x轴对称, 则(m+n)2020的值为11.已知点P(2m,m-1), 当m=时, 点P在二、四象限的角平分线上12.点A(-7,9)关于y轴的对称点是13.如果(3a-3b+1)(3a-3b-1)=80, 且a>b, 那么a-b的值为14.已知1<x<5, 化简(x-1)2+|x-5|=15.已知a-1+|b-5|=0,则(a-b)2的值是16.若|x+1|+y-2=0, 则x2+y2的值为17.a,b是自然数,规定a∇b=3×a-b3, 则2∇17的值是训练7(建议用时:15分钟)1.若一组数据1,2,x,4的平均数是2 , 则这组数据的方差为2.有40个数据, 其中最大值为35 , 最小值为14 , 若取组距为4 , 则分成的组数是3.小明抛掷一枚质地均匀的硬币, 抛掷100次硬币,结果有55次正面朝上,那么朝上的频率为4.当m=时, 解分式方程x-5x-3=m3-x会出现增根5.若(x-y-2)2+|xy+3|=0, 则3xx-y+2x y-x÷1y的值是6.分式方程3x2-x +1=xx-1的解为7.若关于x的方程axx-2=4x-2+1无解,则a的值是8.化简:1x-1-1x2-x=9.计算2aa2-16-1a-4的结果是10.若m+n=3,mn=2, 则1m+1n=11.若关于x的分式方程2x-ax-2=12的解为非负数, 则a的取值范围是12.若一次函数y=(a-1)x+a-8的图象经过第一、三、四象限, 且关于y的分式方程y-5 1-y+3=ay-1有整数解, 则满足条件的整数a的值之和为13.若整数a使关于x的不等式组x-12<1+x3,5x-2≥x+a有且只有四个整数解, 且使关于y的方程y+ay-1+2a1-y=2的解为非负数, 则符合条件的所有整数a的和为14.若关于x的分式方程2x-ax-2=13的解为非负数, 则实数a的取值范围是15.已知关于x的分式方程2a+1x+1=a有解,则a的取值范围是16.若分式方程2xx-1-m-1x-1=1有增根,则m的值是训练8(建议用时:15分钟)1.已知5x+1(x-1)(x+2)=Ax-1+Bx+2, 则实数A+B=2.当分式21-3m的值为整数时, 整数m的值为3.解方程:3-2xx-1=-1x-1.4.若x=3-1, 则代数式x2+2x-3的值是5.已知等式|a-2021|+a-2022=a成立, 则a-20212的值为6.若m=20202021-1, 则m3-m2-2022m+2020=7.计算(5-2)2021(5+2)2022的结果是8.已知xy=2,x+y=4, 则x y+yx=9.若M=1ab-a b⋅ab, 其中a=3,b=2, 则M的值为10.如果y=x-2+4-2x-5,那么y的值是11.已知16-n是整数, 则自然数n所有可能的值为12.已知20n是整数,则满足条件的最小正整数n为13.若3+5的小数部分是a,3-5的小数部分是b, 则a+b=14.已知整数x,y满足x+3y=72, 则x+y的值是15.已知x=5-12,y=5+12, 则x2+y2+xy的值是16.已知4a+3b与b+12a-b+6都是最简二次根式且可以合并, 则a+b的值为17.已知m,n是正整数, 若2m+5n是整数, 则满足条件的有序数对(m,n)为18.已知4a+1是最简二次根式, 且它与54是同类二次根式, 则a=训练9(建议用时:15分钟)1.设x1,x2是方程5x2-3x-2=0的两个实数根, 则1x1+1x2的值为2.方程(x-1)(x+5)=3转化为一元二次方程的一般形式是3.已知关于x的方程x2+2kx-1=0有两个不相等的实数根, 则k的取值范围是4.如果α,β(α≠β)是一元二次方程x2+2x-1=0的两个根, 则α2+α-β的值是5.写出一个以-1为一个根的一元二次方程6.已知一元二次方程(a-1)x2+7ax+a2+3a-4=0有一个根为零, 则a的值为7.设m,n是一元二次方程x2+3x-7=0的两个根, 则m2+4m+n=8.已知一元二次方程x2+3x-4=0的两个根为x1,x2, 则x21+x1x2+x22=9.已知关于x的方程x2-6x+p=0的两个根是α,β, 且2α+3β=20, 则p=10.已知一个正六边形的边心距是3, 则它的面积为11.同一个圆的内接正方形和正三角形的内切圆半径比为12.以半径为1的⊙O的内接正三角形、正方形、正六边形的边心距为三边作三角形,则该三角形的面积是13.用一个圆心角为120°, 半径为9cm的扇形围成一个圆雉侧面, 则圆雉的高是cm.14.有一组数据:-1,a,-2,3,4,2, 它们的中位数是1 , 则这组数据的平均数是15.已知一组数据3,4,6,8,x的平均数是6 , 则这组数据的中位数是16.五个整数从小到大排列后, 其中位数是4 , 如果这组数据的唯一众数是6 , 那么这组数据可能的最大的和是17.小明用s2=110x1-32+x2-32+⋯+x10-32计算一组数据的方差,那么x1+x2+x3+⋯+x10=训练10(建议用时:15分钟)1.一个不透明的布袋里放有5个红球、3个黄球和2个黑球, 它们除颜色外其余都相同,则任意摸出一个球是黑球的概率是2.二次函数y=-x2-2x+3的图象上有两点A-7,y1,B-8,y2, 则y1y2. (填">"∗"或"=")3.若关于x的函数y=ax2+(a+2)x+(a+1)的图象与x轴只有一个公共点, 则实数a的值为4.把抛物线y=x2+1先向右平移3个单位长度, 再向下平移2个单位长度, 得到的抛物线为5.若抛物线y=ax2+bx+c经过点(-1,10), 则a-b+c=6.若二次函数y=ax2+bx-1(a≠0)的图象经过点(1,1), 则代数式1-a-b的值为7.若把二次函数y=x2-2x+3化为y=(x-m)2+k的形式, 其中m,k为常数, 则m+k=8.若抛物线y=-(x-m)(x-2-n)+m-2与抛物线y=x2-4x+5关于原点对称, 则m+n =9.已知△ABC∼△DEF, 且相似比为3:4,S△ABC=2cm2, 则S△DEF=cm210.在△ABC中, 点D,E分别在AB,AC上, 且DE⎳BC. 如果ADAB=35,DE=6, 那么BC=11.在△ABC中, 如果∠A,∠B满足|tan A-1|+cos B-122=0, 那么∠C=12.计算:sin230°+cos260°-tan245°=13.已知等腰三角形的两边长分别为5和8 , 则底角的余弦值为14.已知在△ABC中, ∠B=30°,∠C=45°,AB=4, 则BC的长为15.一个不透明的袋中放有4个红球和x个黄球,从中任意摸出一个恰为黄球的概率为34, 则x 的值为高中内容计算专题加强训练训练11对数运算(建议用时:5分钟)1.log312.log232 33.lg1004.lg0.0015.lg1100006.log1101007.ln e8.log31279.log12410.lg0.1211.lg310012.ln1e13.log214 214.log13915.写出高中阶段学过的对数运算公式.训练12指数运算(建议用时:13分钟)1.化简:56a 13b -2⋅-3a -12b -1 ÷4a 23⋅b -3 12(a >0,b >0).2.化简:a 3b 23ab 2a 14b 12 4a -13b 13(a >0,b >0).3.已知x 12+x -12=3, 求x 32+x -32+2x 2+x -2+3的值.4.已知a 2x=2+1, 求a 3x +a -3x a x +a -x 的值.5.x -1x 23+x 13+1+x +1x 13+1-x -x 13x 13-1.6.a 3+a -3 a 3-a -3a 4+a -4+1 a -a -1 +a 21+a -4 -2a -a -1.训练13指对运算(建议用时:5分钟)这个训练考查对数的相关计算, 要记住什么是指对互换、对数恒等变形、换底公式、对数运算公式,还有就是幂的运算.1.823-log 2510 -1+4log 23+4lg 22-4lg2+1.2.20222023 0+80.25⋅42+(32⋅3)6--23 23⋅49 -13-1.3.4(3-π)4+(0.008)-13-(0.25)12×12 -4.4.12lg 3249-43lg 8+lg 245+21+log 23.训练14错位相减(建议用时:20分钟)1.求b n =(2n -1)2n 的前n 项和.2.求b n=n22n-1的前n项和.3.求c n=(2n-1)4n-1的前n项和.4.求b n=(2n-1)13 n-1的前n项和.+2n的前n项和.5.求b n=n+14n训练15求值域(建议用时:20分钟)下列题目涉及了高中阶段不少求值域的方法, 要学会看到什么式子大概清楚使用什么方法或者说哪些方法来求解, 比如看到y=x-3+5-x就知道可以使用平方法来求解.1.y=5x-14x+2,x∈[-3,-1]..2.y=x2+2x2+13.y=2x+1-2x.4.y=x+4+9-x2..5.y=2x2+4x-7x2+2x+36.y=log3x+log x3-1.7.y=(x+3)2+16+(x-5)2+4.8.y=sin x+2cos x-2.9.y=ln x-x.训练16含参一元二次不等式(建议用时:20分钟)1.解不等式ax2>1.2.解不等式2ax2-(a+2)x+1>0(a≠0,a≠2).3.解不等式ax2+(a+2)x+1>0(a≠0).4.解不等式x2+ax+1<0.训练17解三角形周长(建议用时:20分钟)1.若A=π3,a=3, 求△ABC周长的取值范围．建议使用两种方法来解决:法一:余弦定理+不等式+三角形三边关系.法二:正弦定理+辅助角公式.2.若A=π3,a=3, 求锐角△ABC周长的取值范围.3.在△ABC中, B=π3, 若a+c=1, 求b的取值范围.训练18解三角形面积(建议用时:20分钟)1.若A=π3,a=3, 求S△ABC的最大值．建议使用两种方法来解决:法一:余弦定理+不等式.法二:正弦定理+辅助角公式十三角形面积公式.2.若A=π3,a=2, 求锐角△ABC面积的取值范围.3.在平面四边形ABCD中, AD=2,CD=4,△ABC为等边三角形, 求三角形BCD面积的最大值.训练19数列存在性(建议用时:20分钟)在新高考的模式下, 原本的数列压轴题被调整到了解答题的前两题,但是得分率并不乐观, 接下来的几篇训练着重练习数列中的存在性、奇偶项、绝对值、不等式(放缩)等问题.1.已知等差数列a n=2n-1, 求m,k m,k∈N∗的值, 使得a m+a m+1+a m+2+⋯+a m+k=65.2.已知等差数列a n=2n-7, 试求所有的正整数m, 使得a m a m+1a m+2为数列a n中的项.3.已知数列a n=1n(n+1), 问:是否存在正整数m,k, 使1akS k=1a m+19成立?若存在, 求出m,k的值;若不存在, 请说明理由.4.已知数列a n=3n,b n=2n-1, 数列b n的前n项和为T n, 问:是否存在正整数m,n,r, 使得T n=a m+r⋅b n成立?如果存在, 请求出m,n,r的关系式;如果不存在, 请说明理由.训练20数列奇偶项(建议用时:20分钟)常见的奇偶项问题(1)a n+a n+1=f(n)或a n⋅a n+1=f(n)类型;(2)(-1)n类型;(3)a2n,a2n-1类型.1已知数列a n满足a n+1+a n=11-n+(-1)n, 且0<a6<1. 记数列a n的前n项和为S n, 求当S n取最大值时n的值.2.已知数列a n满足a1=1,a n+1=12a n+n-1,n为奇数a n-2n,n为偶数记bn-a2n，求数列a n的通项公式.3.设S n为数列a n的前n项和, S n=(-1)n a n-12n,n∈N∗, 求数列a n的通项公式.4.已知等差数列a n=2n-1, 令b n=(-1)n-14na n a n+1, 求数列b n的前n项和T n.训练21数列绝对值(建议用时:20分钟)求数列绝对值的前n项和T n的一般步骤为：(1)求出数列的通项公式;(2)令a n≥0或a n≤0, 求出n的临界值m;(3)若等差数列的项先负后正, 则:T n=-S n,n≤m, -2S m+S n,n>m(4)若等差数列的项先正后负,则:T n=S n,n≤m, 2S m-S n,n>m.1.已知数列a n=53-3n, 求数列a n的前n项和T n.2.已知数列a n=2n-4n, 求数列a n的前n项和S n.3.已知数列a n=sin nπ6-34, 记数列a n 的前n项和为S n, 求S2021.训练22数列不等式(建议用时:20分钟)在学习裂项时我们遇到了数列不等式, 后来随着难度的加大, 各式各样的不等式出现, 比如:12+13+14+⋯+1n=ni=21i<ln n(n≥2)同时这类不等式还会和放缩联系在一起,即:1 n2=44n2<44n2-1=212n-1-12n+1,1n+2<n+2-n类似于这样的还有很多,在此就不一一列举了.1.已知数列a n=12 n-1,数列a n 的前n项和为T n,令b1=a1,b n=T n-1n+ 1+12+13+⋯+1n ⋅a n(n≥2), 求证:数列b n 的前n项和S n满足S n<2+2ln n.2.已知数列a n=2n-1的前n项和为S n, 设b n=1a n S n , 数列b n的前n项和为T n, 求证:T n<323.已知数列a n=3n-1,b n=2n-1, 求证:对任意的n∈N∗且n≥2, 有1a2-b2+1a3-b3+⋯+1a n-b n<32训练23导数单调性(建议用时:20分钟)1.讨论函数f (x )=ln x +ax x +1的单调性.2.已知函数f (x )=(ax +1)e x , 其中a ∈R 且a 为常数, 讨论函数f (x )的单调性.3.函数f (x )=xe x -ax 2-2ax +2a 2-a , 其中a ∈R , 讨论f (x )的单调性.训练24圆锥计算化简求值(建议用时:11分钟)这个训练主要考查学生在圆锥曲线上面的计算能力,一方面考查能否化简到底,另一方面考查能否对最后的式子进行求最值计算.1.已知1212-k 2k +22k 2+2k +4+1+12-k 2+2k +4-4-1 =0, 求k 的值.2.求24k 1+2k 2+-16k -44k 2-61+2k 224k 1+2k 2+-48k +124k 2-61+2k 2.3.求1+k 2⋅-12k 21+3k 2 2-4×12k 2-61+3k 2.4.已知12⋅21+k 21+k 2 64k 21+2k 22-241+2k 2 =225, 求k 的值.训练25联立后的韦达与判别式(建议用时:15分钟)1.写出Δ以及韦达式子:y2=8x,y=kx+b.2.写出Δ以及韦达式子:y=kx+2, x28+y22=1.3.写出Δ以及韦达式子:y=kx+m, x26+y2=1.4.写出Δ以及韦达式子:y=k(x-1)+2, x23+y2=1.(建议用时:20分钟)1.已知y=32(x-1),x24+y23=1,求y1-y2的值.2.已知x24+y2=1,x=my+3,m≠0, 两交点分别为M,N, 原点到直线的距离为d, 求当|MN|⋅d取得最大值时直线的方程.3.已知x=my-1,x24+y23=1,若y1-y2=1227, 求m的值.4.已知y=x+b,y2=4x,若y1x1+2+y2x2+2=0, 则求其直线方程.(建议用时:20分钟)1.化简(x+1)2+(y+4)2(x-a)2+(y-2a+2)2=λ(λ>0,λ≠1)之后为(x-2)2+(y-2)2=10, 求a,λ.2.已知直线x=ky+m与圆x2+y2=1联立得1+k2y2+2kmy+m2-1=0, 且k2+m=0, 若x1x2+y1y2=0, 求m,k.3.已知R=t2+16-2, 求y=t+R3-t-R31+t+R3⋅t-R3的最大值.4.已知直线y=kx+1与圆(x-2)2+(y-3)2=1相交, 若x1x2+y1y2=12, 求k.(建议用时:20分钟)1.当λ≠1时, 把(x+1)2+y2(x-1)2+y2=λ化简成圆的标准方程的形式.2.当k>0,k≠1时, 把x2+y2(x-a)2+y2=k化简成圆的标准方程的形式.3.已知0<m2<13, 求41-3m21+m2⋅6m2+11-3m2的取值范围.4.使用两种方式求S△ABC=121+k23+4k24+3k2的最小值.(建议用时:20分钟)1.已知x22+y2=1,x=my+1,且t≠1, 若要使y1x1-ty2x2-t是定值, 求t的值.2.已知x24-y25=1,x=my+3,若k1=y1x1+2,k2=y2x2-2, 求k1k2的值.3.已知x=ty+p2,y2=2px,求k1+k2=y1-px1+p2+y2-px2+p2的值.4.已知y=kx+m,x2+2y2=2,若x1x2+y1-1y2-1=0, 求m的值.1.已知圆(x +1)2+(y -2)2=20与过点B (-2,0)的动直线l 相交于M ,N 两点, 当|MN |=219时,求直线l 的方程.2.已知圆C :x 2+y 2-8y +12=0, 直线l :ax +y +2a =0, 当直线l 与圆C 相交于A ,B 两点,且|AB |=22时,求直线l 的方程.3.已知圆C :x 2+(y +1)2=4, 过点P (0,2)的直线l 与圆相交于不同的两点A ,B .(1)若OA ⋅OB =1, 求直线l 的方程.(2)判断PA ⋅PB 是否为定值. 若是, 求出这个定值;若不是, 请说明理由.4.已知圆C :(x +3)2+(y -3)2=4, 一动直线l 过点P (-4,0)且与圆C 相交于A ,B 两点, Q 是AB 的中点, 直线l 与直线m :x +3y +6=0相交于点E .(1)当|AB |=23时,求直线l 的方程.(2)判断PQ ⋅PE 的值是否与直线l 的倾斜角有关. 若无关, 请求出其值;若有关, 请说明理由.1.已知两点A (0,3),B (-4,0), 若P 是圆x 2+y 2-2y =0上的动点,求△ABP 面积的最大值.2.已知P (m ,n )是函数y =-x 2-2x 图象上的动点,求|4m +3n -21|的最小值.3.已知圆C :(x -1)2+(y -2)2=2, 点P (2,-1), 过P 点作圆C 的切线PA ,PB ,A ,B 为切点.求:(1)PA ,PB 所在直线的方程;(2)切线长|PA |.4.已知圆C 经过坐标原点, 且与直线x -y +2=0相切, 切点为A (2,4).(1)求圆C 的方程;(2)若斜率为-1的直线l 与圆C 相交于不同的两点M ,N , 求AM ⋅AN 的取值范围.1.已知直线l:x+3y-4=0, 圆C的圆心在x轴的负半轴上,半径为3, 且圆心C到直线l的距离为310 5.(1)求圆C的方程;(2)由直线l上一点Q作圆C的两条切线, 切点分别为M,N, 若∠MQN=120°, 求点Q的坐标.2.已知圆C:(x-3)2+(y-4)2=4, 直线l1过定点A(1,0).(1)若l1与圆相切, 求l1的方程;(2)若l1与圆相交于P,Q两点, 线段PQ的中点为M,l1与l2:x+2y+2=0的交点为N, 求证：|AM|⋅|AN|为定值.3.已知圆C的圆心在x轴上, 且与直线4x-3y-2=0相切于点-25,-65.(1)求圆C的方程;(2)经过点P(1,0)作斜率不为0的直线l与圆C相交于A,B两点, 若直线OA,OB的斜率之和等于8 , 求直线l的方程.4.已知P是直线3x+4y+8=0上的动点, PA,PB是圆C:x2+y2-2x-2y+1=0的两条切线, A,B是切点.(1)求四边形PACB面积的最小值.(2)直线上是否存在点P, 使∠BPA=60°?若存在, 求出点P的坐标;若不存在, 说明理由.训练33解析解答(4)(建议用时:25分钟)1.已知直线l:y=2x+m和椭圆C:x24+y2=1,m为何值时, 直线l被椭圆C所截的弦长为20172.已知椭圆x23+y22=1(a>b>0), 过左焦点F1的斜率为1的直线与椭圆分别交于A,B两点,求|AB|.3.已知点A(0,-1)在椭圆C:x23+y2=1上, 设直线l:y=k(x-1)(其中k≠1 与椭圆C交于E,F两点, 直线AE,AF分别交直线x=3于点M,N. 当△AMN的面积为33时, 求k 的值.4.已知F是抛物线x2=4y的焦点,过点F的直线与曲线C交于A,B两点, Q(-2,-1), 记直线QA,QB的斜率分别为k1,k2, 求证:1k1+1k2为定值.训练34解析解答(建议用时:25分钟)1.已知椭圆C:x24+y2=1, 直线l:y=x+m与椭圆C交于A,B两点, P为椭圆的上顶点, 且|PA|=|PB|, 求m的值.2.已知椭圆E:x24+y22=1, 设直线y=kx-2被椭圆C截得的弦长为83, 求k的值.3.已知F 为椭圆x 22+y 2=1的左焦点, 设直线l 同时与椭圆和抛物线y 2=4x 各恰有一个公共交点,求直线l 的方程.4.已知抛物线x 2=4y 的焦点为F , 过点F 的直线l 交抛物线于P ,Q 两点, 交直线y =-1于点R , 求RP ⋅RQ 的最小值.训练35解析解答(6)(建议用时:25分钟)1.已知椭圆C :x 24+y 22=1, 点A (0,1), 若点B 在椭圆C 上, 求线段AB 长度的最大值.2.已知椭圆C :x 26+y 23=1, 直线y =x +1与椭圆交于A ,B 两点, 求AB 中点的坐标和AB 的长度.3.已知椭圆M :x 23+y 2=1, 直线l 与椭圆M 有两个不同的交点A ,B , 设直线l 的方程为y =x +m , 先用m 表示|AB |, 再求其最大值.4.已知抛物线y2=6x的弦AB经过点P(4,2), 且OA⊥OB(O为坐标原点), 求弦AB的长.训练36复合求导(1)(建议用时:3分钟)本训练考查复合函数求导, 这在一些导数压轴题中可能会出现..1.求x-1e x.2.求-34ln x+1+x23.求y=ln2x+1-1的导数.4.求y=cos(-2x)+32x+1的导数.训练37复合求导(2)(建议用时:6分钟)求下列函数的导数.1.y=ln x+1+x22.y=e x+1e x-13.y=2x sin(2x+5)4.y=3x e x-2x+e5.y=ln xx2+16.y=x2(2x+1)37.y=e-x sin2x训练38二面角求解(建议用时:10分钟)1.两平面的法向量为n1=(0,1,-2),n2=(-1,1,-2), 设二面角的平面角为α, 且为锐角, 则求二面角的大小.2.两平面的法向量为n1=(1,0,1),n2=(1,1,1), 求两平面所成锐二面角α的余弦值.3.一个平面的法向量n1=(x,y,z)满足方程组2x+y-z=0,x+2y-z=0,另一个平面的法向量n2=(0,2,0), 求两平面所成锐二面角α的余弦值.4.一个平面的法向量n1=x1,y1,z1满足方程组-x1+12z1=0,-y1+12z1=0,另一个平面的法向量n2=x2,y2,z2满足方程组2x2+2y2-2z2=0,2y2-2z2=0,求两平面所成锐二面角α的大小.训练39卡方计算(1)(建议用时:6分钟)本训练主要考查独立性检验的计算,附表: (1)独立性检验统计量K2值的计算公式:K2=n(ad-bc)2(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d),n=a+b+c+d(2)独立性检验临界值表:PK2≥k00.150.100.050.0250.010.0050.001k0 2.072 2.706 3.841 5.024 6.6357.87910.828 1.列联表如下,计算K2:成绩优良人数成绩非优良人数总计男生92130女生11920总计203050数学成绩优秀数学成绩不优秀合计物理成绩优秀527物理成绩不优秀11213合计614204.列联表如下,计算K2:[0,150](150,475] [0,75]6416(75,115]1010训练40卡方计算(2)(建议用时:10分钟)1.列联表如下, 计算K2:甲有机肥料乙有机肥料合计质量优等603090质量非优等4070110合计100100200选择物理不选择物理合计男451560女202040合计65351003.列联表如下, 计算K2:视力正常视力不正常总计男生6040100女生401050总计100501504.列联表如下, 计算K2:女性男性合计直播电商用户8040120非直播电商用户404080合计12080200满意不满意合计工薪族403070非工薪族401050合计8040120训练41线性回归计算(1)(建议用时13分钟)本训练考查的是线性回归方程的相关计算, 参考公式:b=ni=1x i-xy i-yni=1x i-x2=ni=1x i y i-nx yni=1x2i-nx 2,a=y -bx ,y=bx+ar=ni=1x i-xy i-yni=1x i-x2ni=1y i-y2=ni=1x i y i-xxyni=1x2i-nx 2ni=1y2i-ny 21,某餐厅查阅了最近5次食品交易会参会人数x(万人)与餐厅所用原材料数量y(袋), 得到如下统计表:第一次第二次第三次第四次第五次参会人数x/万人13981012原材料y/袋3223182428根据所给5组数据,求出y关于x的线性回归方程.2.某连锁经营公司旗下的5个零售店某月的销售额和利润额如下表:商店名称A B C D E销售额x/千35679万元利润额y/百23345万元用最小二乘法计算利润额y关于销售额x的线性回归方程.3.某企业坚持以市场需求为导向, 合理配置生产资源, 不断改革、探索销售模式. 下表是该企业每月生产的一种核心产品的产量x(件)与相应的生产总成本y(万元)的五组对照数据:产量x/件12345生产总成本y3781012 /万元试求y与x的相关系数r, 并利用相关系数r说明y与x是否具有较强的线性相关关系(若|r|>0.75, 则线性相关程度很高, 可用线性回归模型拟合).训练42线性回归计算(2)(建议用时13分钟)1某专营店统计了近五年来该店的创收利润y(单位:万元)与时间t i(单位:年)的相关数据,列表如下:t i12345y i 2.4 2.7 4.1 6.47.9依据表中给出的数据, 是否可用线性回归模型拟合y与t的关系?请计算相关系数r并加以说明(计算结果精确到0.01, 若|r|>0. 8 , 则认为y与t高度相关, 可用线性回归模型拟合y 与t的关系).2某部门统计了某网红景点在2022年3月至7月的旅游收人y(单位:万元), 得到以下数据:月份x34567旅游收人y1012111220根据表中所给数据, 用相关系数r加以判断, 是否可用线性回归模型拟合y与x的关系?若可以,求出y关于x的线性回归方程;若不可以,请说明理由.3某汽车4S店关于某品牌汽车的使用年限x(年)和所支出的维修费用y(千元)有如下的统计资料:x23456y 2.0 3.5 6.0 6.57.0试求y关于x的线性回归方程.训练43期望求解(1)(建议用时:12分钟) 1.求期望值.P(X=0)=C02C23C25=P(X=1)=C12C13C25=P(X=2)=C22C03C25=2.求期望值.P(X=0)=C36C310=P(X=1)=C26C14C310=P(X=2)=C16C24C310=P(X=3)=C34C310=3.求分布列Y的期望值, 已知Y=5X,X的可能取值为0,1,2,3,4, 且X∼B4,34.(1)P(X=0)=C0434 014 4=(2)P(X=1)=C1434 114 3=(3)P(X=2)=C2434 214 2=(4)P(X=3)=C3434 314 1=(5)P(X=4)=C4434 414 0=训练44期望求解(2)(建议用时:12分钟)1随机变量ξ的可能取值为0,1,2,3,4.P (ξ=0)=1-34 21-232=P (ξ=1)=C 1234 1-34 1-23 2+C 1223 1-23 1-34 2=P (ξ=2)=34 21-23 2+1-34 223 2+C 12231-23 C 1234 1-34 =P (ξ=3)=34 2C 1223 1-23 +C 1234 1-34 23 2=P (ξ=4)=34223 2=求随机变量ξ的期望值.2随机变量X 的可能取值为2,3,4,5.P (X =2)=C 12C 22+C 22C 12C 310=P (X =3)=C 12C 24+C 22C 14C 310=P (X =4)=C 12C 26+C 22C 16C 310=P (X =5)=C 12C 28+C 22C 18C 310=求随机变量X 的期望值.(建议用时:20分钟)1.C r 12⋅212-r ≥C r -112⋅213-r ,C r 12⋅212-r ≥C r +112⋅211-r ,为整数, 则r =2.(-2)r C r 8≥(-2)r +2C r +28,(-2)r C r 8≥(-2)-2C r -28,为偶数, 则r =3.设m ,n ∈N ∗,m ≤n , 求证:C m +1n +1=n +1m +1C mn.4.用二项式定理证明:3n >2n 2+1n ≥3,n ∈N ∗ .(建议用时:20分钟)1.求r的取值范围:C r7⋅2r≥C r-17⋅2r-1,C r7⋅2r≥C r+17⋅2r+1 .2.求r的取值范围:C r8⋅2r≥C r+18⋅2r+1, C r8⋅2r≥C r-18⋅2r-1.3.求k的取值范围:C k1012 k≥C k-11012 k-1, C k1012 k≥C k+11012 k+1.4.展开:x-12x6=。

高三历史限时训练（3）训练内容：古代中国经济一、单选题（15小题，每题4分,共60分）1．2008年热播的电视剧《闯关东》中提到，“朱开山一家……将山东较为先进的农耕技术传授给了当地人，当地人也与他们结成了生死弟兄。

”朱家传过去的农耕技术中使用的工具基本定型的组合，正确的是（）A．铁农具——春秋时期B．耧车——战国时期C．犁——西汉D．曲辕犁——唐朝2．宋朝诗人梅尧臣《水轮咏》：“孤轮运寒水，无乃农自营。

随流转自速，居高还复倾。

”描写的是（）AAA．筒车B．翻车C．曲辕犁D．水排3．北宋统治者认为“富者田连阡陌，为国守财耳！缓急盗贼窃发，边境扰动，兼并之财，乐于输纳，皆我之物。

”这表明北宋政府（）A．大力抑制土地兼并B．准备搜刮百姓以抗辽C．纵容土地兼并以便筹集军费D．减轻人民负担，限制贵族特权4．下图所示的工具，王帧在《农书》说明：“其制，当选湍流之侧，架木立铀，作二卧轮；用水激下轮。

……则排前直木，则排随来去，揙冶甚速，过于人力。

”这一工具的运用使得（）A．农业生产力极大提高B．农田灌溉得到了迅速发展C．冶金业得到迅速发展D．使用灌钢法炼钢成为可能5．2011年新版《水浒传》在全国各地卫视上热播，由于疏忽，其背景知识出现了一些历史错误。

如：（）A．东京街头店铺林立，市坊杂处B．鲁智深在相国寺庙会上买酒吃肉C．宋江与吴用在玉米地里“设计”D．凡有井水饮处即能歌“杨柳岸晓风残月”6．罗兹·墨菲在《亚洲史》中提到：“宋朝是中国历史上最令人激动的时代……完全称得上是当时世界上最大、生产力最高和最发达的国家……，期票、信用证以及后来官方大量发行的纸币，适应了商业的发展。

”材料中反映宋朝商业发展的原因是（）A．金融业的发展B．坊市界限逐渐打破C．海外商运发展迅速D．统治者开明的政策7．丝织重镇盛泽镇，本来是一荒村，“明初居民止五六十家，嘉靖间倍之。

以绫绸为业，始称为市”。

乾隆时，“居民百倍于昔，绸绫之聚亦且十倍。

中考语文一轮复习基础知识：字形限时训练（满分70分,限时40分钟）1. 下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A.广袤疆域漠不关心慢不经心B.遮蔽废虚提心吊胆惊慌失措C.蔓延冠冕锲而不舍箪食壶浆D.田畴朦胧悲欢离和警报迭起2. 下列词语书写全部正确的一项是（）A.静谧决别不求甚解翻来复去B.缥渺战栗众目睽睽莫不关心C.纯悴絮刀刨根问底见异思迁D.气概尴尬大相径庭神采奕奕3. 下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）A.渊搏凌乱大相径庭B.温驯惩戒随声附合C.静谧滑翔喜出望外D.障碍晕炫杞人忧天4. 下列词语没有错别字的一项是（）A.凛冽各得其所匿笑翻来覆去B.爆怒喜出望外决别天真烂漫C.遮蔽锤胸顿足徘徊花枝招展D.吝啬咄咄逼人草垛静谧无声5. 下列选项中,没有错别字的一项是（）A.拨款锁屑负势竞上广袤无垠B.酸渍宛然眼花缭乱不啜劳作C.蹒跚茸毛错踪复杂燕然勒功D.禁锢燥热坦荡如砥惟妙惟肖6. 下列字形有误的一项是（）A.侍候盘桓伤疤不屑置辩B.荒唐戏谑顷刻无精打采C.憋闷乞丐坎肩异想天开D.蜿蜒闪铄巉岩束手无策7. 下列词语的书写完全正确的一项是（）A.祖藉妯娌惊心动魄诚惶诚恐B.阻遏推祟摩肩接踵精疲力竭C.泄气浩瀚锐不可当和颜悦色D.镌刻和霭杳无消息屏息敛声8. 下列词语书写有错误的一项是（）A.绿茵茵瘫痪棱镜眼花嘹乱B.烘托捶打干涩相形见绌C.宛转诀别吝啬渐淅沥沥D.分歧化妆着落喜出望外9. 下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A.狼籍滞留眼花潦乱长途跋涉B.喧嚣荧光振聋发聩因地制宜C.蔓延题跋重峦叠障为富不仁D.嶙峋记载和颜悦色诚皇诚恐10. 下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）A.遗憾闲暇语无论次忧心忡忡B.竹篾拖沓姗姗来迟天涯海角C.蔚蓝愧怍以身作责仙露琼桨D.妥贴烦躁千钓重负锋芒毕露11. 下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）A.枯槐愧作妥帖大庭广众B.猥琐俯瞰闲暇荒草萋萋C.瞬息烦燥厄运妇儒皆知D.深宵高梁拖沓锋芒毕露12. 下列词语书写有误的一项是（）A.聒噪娉婷无缘无故根深蒂固B.褴褛阔绰形消骨立言不及意C.诓骗亵渎断章取义忸怩作态D.汲取愧赧李代桃僵富丽堂皇13. 下面各组词语中字形书写完全正确的一项是（）A.酸渍吹嘘通风罩和颜阅色B.谦逊掌故挖墙脚崭露头角C.落弟匿名水笼头深恶痛嫉D.慰籍抚摸来回踱鞠躬尽瘁14. 下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是（）A.郎润咄咄逼人静谧喜出忘外B.沉寂刨根问底坍塌孤苦伶仃C.俊俏麻木不人贪婪花团锦族D.云宵人声鼎沸安祥杞人忧天15. 下列词语书写无误的一项是（）A.天娇漫游相得益彰鸠占雀巢B.脏物濡养心无旁鹜彬彬有礼C.游戈忸怩形消骨立抽丝剥茧D.广袤麾下大发雷霆樯倾楫摧16. 下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是（）A.妖娆篝火言不及义红装素裹B.汹湧风骚娇揉造作原驰蜡象C.忧戚脏物李代桃僵鸠占雀巢D.佝偻制栽心无旁骛断章取义17. 下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A.晌晴贮蓄高邈咄咄逼人B.絮叨侍弄取决美不盛收C.譬如搓捻感概油然而生D.企盼倜傥云霄人迹罕至18. 依次填入下面文段横线上的汉字,全都正确的一项是（）眼前的景象令人眼花①_______________乱,八点五十分,满船人②_______________息敛声,都在翘首以盼。

初三英语限时训练（答题时间：90分钟）一、单项选择1. Everyone can have _______ ID card, even a newly-born baby.A. aB. anC. theD. /2. There’s something wrong with my computer. May I use ______?A. yourB. mineC. youD. yours3. It’s so crowded here. Let’s make some ______ for the baby.A. houseB. roomC. seatsD. chairs4. _______ the kind people around, he was sent to hospital in time and saved by the doctors.A. Thanks toB. Thanks forC. BecauseD. Because for5. He _______ be in the restaurant. His car is just outside it!A. canB. can’tC. mustD. mustn’t6. －When _______ the Art Club ______? －In 2003.A. was; foundB. was; foundedC. has; foundedD. did; found7. The soft music makes Amy ______. She soon fell asleep.A. excitedB. relaxedC. interestedD. surprised8. －_______ is the weather in Australia now?－Hmm, it’s summer there and a little windy.A. HowB. WhatC. What aboutD. How about9. －How long have these Indian kids _______ this Chinese school?－For about three years.A. come toB. been toC. been inD. joined10. －What language do they _______ in their country?－English and French.A. tellB. sayC. speakD. talk11. －What do you think of the new-comer?－He is easy _______ .A. to get along withB. to get alongC. getting alongD. getting along with12. －Is your son already in London ?－Not yet, I think. He’ll give me a call as soon as he ______.A. will arriveB. will reachC. arrivesD. reaches13.－When shall we start?－Let’s _____ it 7:30. Is that all right?－That’s a good idea.A. tryB. meetC. takeD. make14. －Would you please tell me _______ next, Miss Yang?－Sure. Let me see.A. what should we doB. we should do whatC. what we should doD. should we do what15. －You haven’t been to the West Lake in Hangzhou, have you?－______. How I wish to go there!A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I haven’tC. No, I haveD. No, I haven’t二、完形填空Erica dreamed many times about going fishing. But her father wouldn't 16 . “It's much17 dangerous for you,” he'd say. Erica tried to change her father's mind. 18 her father only said, "I don't want you to be unhappy. I'm just worried about you."Erica couldn't understand 19 her father wouldn't let her go fishing. She could swim very well—much better than some of her friends."You said I should always 20 new things," Erica said to her father. "You said that that's the 21 way people grow inside."Erica's father said, “But sometimes a new thing can be dangerous”."Is going on boats dangerous?" asked Erica. "Then why do you do it? Benny Nathan is younger than I am. But he goes fishing all the time."Erica's father said, "But you're not as 22 as Benny."Erica knew her 23 weren't very strong. But her arms were. She had to 24 her father that she was strong.That Saturday 25 Benny came over, Erica asked him to race her in the swimming pool. Her father came along to 26 ."This is a special 27 ,"Erica said. "You can only use your arms, not your legs."Benny started off quickly, but soon his arms became 28 . Erica began to pull ahead. She got to the end of the pool 29 .After the race was over, Erica's father said, "I was wrong. You can take care of yourself--on a 30 , or other places."Two days later, she was on a boat heading out to the deep sea. Her father was sleeping next to her on a chair.16. A. want B. hope C. agree D. like17. A. too B. very C. enough D. more18. A. As B. Before C. But D. When19. A. why B. how C. that D. if20. A. try B. buy C. use D. give21. A. other B. fast C. different D. only22. A. strong B. tall C. young D. small23. A. hands B. feet C. legs D. eyes24. A. tell B. show C. teach D. call25. A. before B. until C. because D. when26. A. welcome B. wait C. watch D. choose27. A. race B. sport C. subject D. exercise28. A. short B. tired C. thin D. busy29. A. first B. second C. last D. most30. A. train B. plane C. boat D. bus三、阅读理解(A)Now satellites are helping to forecast(预报) the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere (大气), b ecause this is where the weather forms (形成). They send these pictures to the weather st ations. So meteorologists(气象学家) can see the weather of any part of the world. From t he pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change.Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perh aps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mea n that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, th e meteorologists can say this.So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24or 48 hours. Now they ca n make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead (提前).1. Satellites travel __________.A. in spaceB. above spaceC. above the groundD. in the atmosphere2. Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere？Because _______.A. clouds form thereB. the weather forms thereC. the weather satellites can do it easilyD. the pictures can forecast the weather3. Meteorologists forecast the weather _______.A. without studying satellite picturesB. before they receive satellite picturesC. when they have received satellite picturesD. after they have compared the new satellite pictures with the earlier ones4. Maybe we’ll soon be able to forecast the weather for _________.A. one dayB. two daysC. five daysD. seven days or even longer5. The main idea of this passage is that satellites are now used in __________.A. taking pictures of the earthB. receiving pictures of the atmosphereC. weather forecastingD. doing other work in many ways(B)There was once a man called Mr. Flowers, and flowers were his only joy in life. He spent all his free time in one of his four glass-houses and grew flowers of every color, with long and difficult names, for competitions (比赛). He tried to grow a rose of a new color to win the silver cup (银杯) for the Rose of the Year.Mr. Flowers’ glass-houses were very near to a middle school. Boys of around thirtee n of age were often tempted (引诱) to throw a stone or two at one of Mr. Flowers’ glas s-houses. So Mr. Flowers did his best to be in or near his glass-houses at the beginning and end of the school day.But it was not always possible to be on watch at those times. Mr. Flowers had tried in many ways to protect his glass, but nothing that he had done had been useful. He ha d been to school to report to the headmaster; but this had not done any good. He had tri ed to drive away the boys that threw stones into his garden; but the boys could run faste r than he could, and they laughed at him from far away. He had even picked up all the stones that he could find around his garden, so that the boys would have nothing to thro w; but they soon found others.At last Mr. Flowers had a good idea. He put up a large notice (布告) made of good, strong wood, some meters away from the glass-houses. On it he had written the words: DO NOT THROW STONES AT THIS NOTICE. After this, Mr. Flowers had no further t rouble; the boys were much more tempted to throw stones at the notice than at the glass-houses.6. It was Mr. Flowers’ hope to ________.A. build glass-houses in his free timeB. grow the Rose of the Year in a silver cupC. win a silver cup for growing a rose of a new colorD. grow a rose with the longest name7. Boys were often tempted to ________.A. throw stones at Mr. Flowers’ glass-houseB. throw stones at Mr. Flowers from their schoolC. be in or near by Mr. Flowers’ glass-housesD. play with Mr. Flowers near his glass-houses8. Mr. Flowers stayed in or near by his glass-houses _______.A. at times when school-boys were walking near themB. all the school day when there were no boys aboutC. where he could not be seen by the boys passingD. in his free time at the beginning and end of the school day9. Mr. Flowers had tried to ______ to protect his glass.A. be on watch in his free timeB. ask the headmaster for helpC. pick up all the stones around his gardenD. do all the above10. Mr. Flowers’ good idea was to ______.A. write some words on the glassB. put up a large notice to cover his glass-housesC. give the boys something else to throw stones atD. send for policemen(C)Come to Austria!Soll is a village in the mountains in western Austria, and the Hotel Post, opened by a local (当地的) family, is clean and not expensive. From the hotel you can see the whol e village, the forest and the mountains. Temperatures in summer are usually 20℃to 25℃in the daytime, but much cooler by evening.Enjoy Thailand!When you visit Bangkok in Thailand, don’t miss the early morning river boat trip to the Floating (漂浮的) Market just outside the city. There you will find many kinds of fr uits and vegetables. There you can pay for them when you sit in your boat. Don’t forget your hat: the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as 40℃about midday!Visit Hawaii!Maybe the most beautiful place in Hawaii is Kauai. You can visit its long, sandy be aches in the south and west of the island, and mountains and forests in the north, but be careful: there are many mosquitoes (蚊子), and don’t be surprised if it rains in the cente r of the island. Daytime temperatures there are usually around 24℃to 26℃by the sea, a nd only a little cooler by late evening.根据上面的三则广告，在下面句子的空白处填入适当的词。

秋苏科版七上第二章《有理数》中的动点问题培优训练小练习（一）：限时45分钟1．已知数轴上两点A．B对应的数分别为﹣2和7，点M为数轴上一动点．（1）请画出数轴，并在数轴上标出点A、点B；（2）若点M到A的距离是点M到B的距离的两倍，我们就称点M是【A，B】的好点．①若点M运动到原点O时，此时点M【A，B】的好点（填是或者不是）②若点M以每秒1个单位的速度从原点O开始运动，当M是【B，A】的好点时，求点M的运动方向和运动时间（3）试探究线段BM和AM的差即BM﹣AM的值是否一定发生变化？若变化，请说明理由：若不变，请求其值．2．已知：在一条东西向的双轨铁路上迎面驶来一快一慢两列火车，快车长AB＝2（单位长度），慢车长CD＝4（单位长度），设正在行驶途中的某一时刻，如图，以两车之间的某点O为原点，取向右方向为正方向画数轴，此时快车头A在数轴上表示的数是a，慢车头C在数轴上表示的数是b．若快车AB以6个单位长度/秒的速度向右匀速继续行驶，同时慢车CD以2个单位长度/秒的速度向左匀速继续行驶，且|a+8|与（b﹣16）2互为相反数．（1）求此时刻快车头A与慢车头C之间相距多少单位长度？（2）从此时刻开始算起，问再行驶多少秒钟两列火车行驶到车头AC相距8个单位长度？（3）此时在快车AB上有一位爱动脑筋的七年级学生乘客P，他发现行驶中有一段时间t 秒钟，他的位置P到两列火车头A、C的距离和加上到两列火车尾B、D的距离和是一个不变的值（即PA+PC+PB+PD为定值）．你认为学生P发现的这一结论是否正确？若正确，求出这个时间及定值；若不正确，请说明理由．3．一辆货车从货场A出发，向东走了2千米到达批发部B，继续向东走1.5千米到达商场C，又向西走了5.5千米到达超市D，最后回到货场．（1）以货场为原点，以东为正方向，用一个单位长度表示1千米，你能在数轴上分别表示出货场A，批发部B，商场C，超市D的位置吗？（2）超市D距货场A多远？（3）此款货车每千米耗油约0.1升，每升汽油6.20元，请你计算他需多少汽油费？4．【阅读理解】点A、B、C为数轴上三点，如果点C在A、B之间且到A的距离是点C到B的距离3倍，那么我们就称点C是{A，B}的奇点．例如，如图1，点A表示的数为﹣3，点B表示的数为1．表示0的点C到点A的距离是3，到点B的距离是1，那么点C是{A，B}的奇点；又如，表示﹣2的点D到点A的距离是1，到点B的距离是3，那么点D就不是{A，B}的奇点，但点D是{B，A}的奇点．【知识运用】如图2，M、N为数轴上两点，点M所表示的数为﹣3，点N所表示的数为5．（1）数所表示的点是{M，N}的奇点；数所表示的点是{N，M}的奇点；（2）如图3，A、B为数轴上两点，点A所表示的数为﹣50，点B所表示的数为30．现有一动点P从点B出发向左运动，到达点A停止．P点运动到数轴上的什么位置时，P、A 和B中恰有一个点为其余两点的奇点？5．如图，A，B分别为数轴上的两点，点A对应的数是﹣2，点B对应的数是10．现有点P 从点A出发，以4个单位长度/秒的速度向右运动，同时另一点Q从点B出发，以1个单位长度/秒的速度向右运动，设运动时间为t秒．（1）A、B两点之间的距离为；（2）当t＝1时，P、B两点之间的距离为；（3）在运动过程中，线段PB、BQ、PQ中是否会有两条线段相等？若有，请求出此时t 的值；若没有，请说明理由．6．已知数轴上，点O为原点，点A对应的数为11，点B对应的数为b，点C在点B右侧，长度为3个单位的线段BC在数轴上移动，（1）如图1，当线段BC在O，A两点之间移动到某一位置时，恰好满足线段AC＝OB，求此时b的值；（2）线段BC在数轴上沿射线AO方向移动的过程中，是否存在AC﹣OB＝AB？若存在，求此时满足条件的b的值；若不存在，说明理由．7．根据下面给出的数轴，解答下面的问题：（1）请你根据图中A、B（B在﹣2与﹣3的正中）两点的位置，分别写出它们所表示的有理数A：B：；（2）观察数轴，与点A的距离为4的点表示的数是：；（3）若将数轴折叠，使得A点与﹣2表示的点重合，则B点与数表示的点重合；（4）若数轴上M、N两点之间的距离为2010（M在N的左侧），且M、N两点经过（3）中折叠后互相重合，则M、N两点表示的数分别是：M：N：．8．如图，在数轴上点A表示的有理数为﹣4，点B表示的有理数为6，点P从点A出发以每秒2个单位长度的速度在数轴上沿由A到B方向运动，当点P到达点B后立即返回，仍然以每秒2个单位长度的速度运动至点A停止运动．设运动时间为t（单位：秒）．（1）求t＝2时点P表示的有理数；（2）求点P是AB的中点时t的值；（3）在点P由点A到点B的运动过程中，求点P与点A的距离（用含t的代数式表示）；（4）在点P由点B到点A的返回过程中，点P表示的有理数是多少（用含t的代数式表示）．9．快递员骑摩托车从快递公司出发，先向东骑行2km到达A村，继续向东骑行3km到达B 村，然后向西骑行9km到C村，最后回到公司．（1）以快递公司为原点，以向东方向为正方向，用1cm表示1km画数轴，并在该数轴上表示出A、B、C三个村庄的位置；（2）C村离A村有多远？（3）已知摩托车行驶100km耗油2.5L，完成此次任务，摩托车耗油多少升？10．在数轴上，一只蚂蚁从原点出发，先向右爬行了4个单位长度到达点A，再向右爬行了2个单位长度到达点B，然后又向左爬行了10个单位长度到达点C．（1）画出数轴，并在数轴上表示出A、B、C三点；（2）根据点C在数轴上的位置，点C可以看作是蚂蚁从原点出发，向哪个方向爬行了几个单位长度得到的？培优训练小练习（二）：限时45分钟11．如图，一个点从数轴上的原点开始，先向右移动3个单位长度，再向左移动5个单位长度，可以看出，到终点表示的数是﹣2．已知A、B是数轴上的点，请参照上图，完成下列填空：（1）如果点A表示的数是3，将点A先向右移动7个单位长度，再向左移动5个单位长度，那么终点B表示的数是，A、B两点间的距离为；（2）如果点A表示的数是﹣4，将点A先向右移动12个单位长度，再向左移动16个单位长度，那么终点B表示的数是，A、B两点间的距离为；（3）一般地，如果点A表示的数是a，将点A先向右移动m个单位长度，再向左移动n 个单位长度，那么终点B表示的数是，A、B两点间的距离为．12．某景区一电瓶小客车接到任务从景区大门出发，向东走2千米到达A景区，继续向东走2.5千米到达B景区，然后又回头向西走8.5千米到达C景区，最后回到景区大门．（1）以景区大门为原点，向东为正方向，以1个单位长表示1千米，建立如图所示的数轴，请在数轴上表示出上述A、B、C三个景区的位置．（2）A景区与C景区之间的距离是多少？（3）若电瓶车充足一次电能行走15千米，则该电瓶车能否在一开始充足电而途中不充电的情况下完成此次任务？请计算说明．13．小明的家、学校、邮局、图书馆坐落在一条东西走向的大街上，依次记为A、B、C、D，学校位于小明家西边150米，邮局位于小明家东边100米，图书馆位于学校西边250米．（1）用数轴表示A、B、C、D的位置（以小明家为原点）（2）一天小明从家里先去邮局寄信后，以每分钟50米的速度往图书馆方向走了8分钟，试问小明此时的位置在何处？到图书馆和学校的距离分别是多少米？14．一辆货车从超市出发，向东走了4千米到达小华家，继续走了1.5千米到达小颖家，然后向西走了8.5千米到达小明家，最后回到超市．（1）以超市为原点，以向东的方向为正方向，用1个单位长度表示1千米，请画出数轴，并在数轴上表示出小明家、小华家和小颖家的位置．（2）小明家距小华家多远？（3）货车一共行驶了多少千米？15．小明早晨跑步，他从自家向东跑了3千米到达小彬家，继续向东跑了2.5千米到达小红家，然后向西跑了7.5千米到达中心广场，最后回到家．（1）以小明家为原点，以向东的方向为正方向，用1个单位长度表示1千米，请在数轴上标出中心广场，小彬家和小红家的位置吗？（2）小彬家距中心广场多远？（3）小明一共跑了多少千米？16．如图，边长为1个单位的等边三角形纸片的一个顶点A与数轴上的原点重合．（1）把等边三角形纸片沿数轴向右滚动（无滑动），滚动1周后（等边三角形纸片滚动后AB再次落在数轴上时称为1周），点B对应的数为：；在滚动过程中是哪个顶点经过数轴上的数2016？答：；（2）纸片在数轴上向右滚动的周数记为正数，纸片在数轴上向左滚动的周数记为负数，下列是该纸片5次运动的周数记录情况：+2，﹣3，+1，﹣4，+3．（注：+2表示第1次纸片向右滚动了2周）．①第次滚动后，A点距离原点最近，第次滚动后，A点距离原点最远；②当纸片结束运动时，此时点A所表示的数是．17．如图，半径为1个单位长度的圆片上有一点Q与数轴上的原点重合（提示：计算结果保留π）（1）把圆片沿数轴向左滚动1周，点Q到达数轴上点A的位置，点A表示的数是（2）圆片在数轴上向右滚动的周数记为正数，圆片在数轴上向左滚动的周数记为负数，依次运动情况记录如下：+3，﹣1，，+4，﹣3，①第3次滚动周后，Q点回到原点．第6次滚动周后，Q点距离原点4π②当圆片结束运动时，Q点运动的路程共有多少？18．元旦放假时，小明一家三口一起乘小轿车去乡下探望爷爷、奶奶和外公、外婆．早上从家里出发，向东走了6千米到超市买东西，然后又向东走了1.5千米到爷爷家，中午从爷爷家出发向西走了12千米到外公家，晚上返回家里．（1）若以家为原点，向东为正方向，用1个单位长度表示1千米，请将超市、爷爷家和外公家的位置在数轴上分别用点A、B、C表示出来；（2）问超市A和外公家C相距多少千米？（3）若小轿车每千米耗油0.15升，求小明一家从出发到返回家时小车的耗油量．19．一个点从数轴上原点开始，先向右移动了3个单位长度，再向左移动5个单位长度，可以看到终点表示的数是﹣2，已知点A，B是数轴上的点，完成下列各题（1）如果A表示﹣3，将A向右移动7个单位长度得到点B，那么B表示的数是，A，B两点间的距离是．（2）如果A表示数3，将A向左移动7个单位长度再向右移动5个单位长度，得到点B，则点B表示的数为，A，B两点间的距离是（3）一般地，如果A表示数a，将A向右移动b个单位长度，再向左移动c个单位长度得到B，那么B表示的数是，A，B两点间的距离是（用含a，b，c的式子表示）20．已知在纸面上有一数轴（如图），折叠纸面．（1）若1表示的点与﹣1表示的点重合，则﹣7表示的点与数表示的点重合；（2）若﹣1表示的点与5表示的点重合，回答以下问题：①13表示的点与数表示的点重合；②若数轴上A、B两点之间的距离为2015（A在B的左侧），且A、B两点经折叠后重合，求A、B两点表示的数是多少？。