大学book3 unit7

4) 每天他都留出点时间跟家人在一起，享受生活。

(set aside)5) 我记得那些黑暗的街道以及同父亲手拉手走路的情景。

(hand in hand)6) 他最终辜负了父母的期望。

(live up to)Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life.I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.He finally failed to live up to his parents ’expectations.7) 相比之下，我们的用油量大幅度上升了。

(in contrast)8) 经过努力，他成功地克服了自己的致命弱点。

(overcome)He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatalweakness.In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.Unit 1, Book 37) We could hear__________________________(远处打雷的声音).8) The project has now______________________________(得到政府的批准).9) Kelly loved her husband________________________________________ (虽然他喝酒太多).10) Experts seem unable to____________________________________ (就这个药是否安全取得一致意见).the sound of distant thunder received approval from the governmentin spite of the fact that he drank too much agree on whether the drug is safe or not Unit 2, Book 33) 我过去喜爱摄影，但我现在没有时间从事任何业余爱好了。

Unit 1 -Unit7Unit 1SectionA XI汉译英：1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充分的准备，你都很难在这么吵杂的招待会上发表演讲。

No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样，吉米也关心着他们。

Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them.3.汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车标识号码，以便帮助被盗的车辆。

Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了。

If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。

Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.6.现在需要面对的事情是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。

Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.SectionA XIII 完形填空：Although they may not be the world’s fastest or strongest athletes, the 1830 competitions in the 2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games held in Nagano, Japan(1) competed( vi. 竞争；比赛；对抗)with all their hearts. At the closing (2) ceremony(n. 典礼，仪式；)Princess Takamado of Japan made a speech .She said, ’The past week was (3) all about(到处，各处；关于…的一切) smiles, gentleness and peace. I truly hope within my heart that the entire world can learn something here. We can all learn from the (4) examples (n. 例子；列证，后面省了that) these special athletes have shown us.’The (5) aim（n. 目的；目标；对准）of the Special Olympics is clear. It is to encourage individuals with intellectual (6) disabilities（n. 残疾（disability的复数）；身心障碍者）to become physically fit. They are also encouraged to be productive and (7) respected（adj. 受尊敬的）members of society through sports training and competition. If an athlete (8) wins（vi. 赢；获胜；成功）in competition, it is a bonus. However , (9) in a way（在某种程度上）everyone wins. Lily Kuhn ,12, a skier with Team USA , could hardly (10) restrain（vt. 抑制，控制；约束；制止）her enthusiasm as the wrote home. She told her parents: I was proud ofmyself. I am happy not simply for winning, (11) but for（but for conj. 要不是；如果没有）winning honestly, loving to compete and working the hardest for the longest time.The festival (12) ending（n. 结局；结尾）the games is something to remember. It isn’t (13) complete（adj. 完整的；完全的；彻底的）without the hugs. One event volunteer (14) while（n. 一会儿；一段时间）hugging and handing out sweatshirts to some of the athletes (15) held up（vt. 举起）his thumbs and said, ”All of these athletes are super! I can’t go (16) anywhere（n. 任何地方）around here without getting a hug. I (17) pray for（pray for 恳求，请求）more of this sort of thing. I hope that the spirit (18) with which（compete with 与…竞争）they have competed might touch the whole world. Watching these young people blossom over the past week has truly touched my life. ”At the end of the festival, the vice mayor for the city of Shanghai, which will (19) host（vt. 主持）the 2007 summer games, accepted the flag for the Special Olympics (20) pledging（v. 保证（pledge的ing形式）；）that “the city of Shanghai would open its arms to the world and to the Special Olympics”Unit2SectionA XI汉译英：1.被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪。

女Book ⅢUnit 7 Making a LivingText A Life of a SalesmanFirst PeriodⅠ.Teaching Objectives:Students will be able to1.Understand the main idea (Bill Porter the salesman will never give in) and the structure of the text(4 parts divided by the author with asterisks, flashbacks);2.Appreciate the characteristics of journalistic writing;3.Grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;4.Conduct a series of reading, listening, 预付and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.Ⅱ. Pre-reading Task:1. Background informationTom Hallman Jr., the author is a senior reporter specializing in features at The Oregonian. He joined the paper in 1980 and covered the police beat for a decade, longer than any reporter since the 1950s. While covering cops, Hallman began writing feature stories -- at first off the beat, then the stories of everyday people. He was a Pulitzer Prize finalist in beat reporting in 1995 and in feature writing in 1999. He has won the Ernie Pyle Award for human-interest writing, the ASNE Distinguished Writing Award for nondeadline writing (twice), the feature-writing award from the Society of Professional Journalists and the Livingston Award for Young Journalists.Bill Porter, the salesman in the story is a 65-year-old Portlander with cerebral palsy. He speaks with great difficulty and is a cripple with one of his limbs useless. When he was a young man, the state considered him unemployable and suggested he collect disability payments. He refused. Eventually he applied for a job in Watkins to work as a sales representative. He works on straight commission and gets no paid holiday. For several yeas he was Watkins’ top retail salesman and made much profit for the company. For more than 40 years he's earned a living selling Watkins products door-to-door in a territory. Bill Porter does rise above his limitation and gain dignity as a human being.If you are interested in Bill Porter’s story, you can send letters for Mr. Porter to Tom Hallmanc/o The Oregonian1320 S.W. BroadwayPortland, OR 972012. Discussion: what will you do in college in order to make a living after graduation?(1)Enrich yourself by soaking up knowledge as much as possible for knowledge is power.(2)Master some skills essential for qualification for some jobs.(3)Much practice is also needed and apply what you’ve learned in class into your work..(4)Build up other necessary qualities: being persevering, having a good state of mind,hard-working, tolerant, enterprising, willing to learn new things, having group spirit.2. Sales Promotion:Sales promotion is the work of selling a product by all useful methods such as:(1)powerful advertising;(2)personal persuasion of possible customers by visit, phone or letter;(3)exhibition;(4)displays and demonstrations;(5)competitions for prices;(6)free samples;Four stages in promoting a product:(1)attract the attention of potential customers;(2)arouse interest in the product;(3)create desire for its benefits;(4)encourage customers to take prompt action.3. Make a dialogue:Ask two pairs of students to make a dialogue. One acts as a salesman who sells electronic dictionary. The other acts as a potential customer, who should try every means not to buy. And the salesman must use all possible methods to persuade the customer to buy. Ten minutes later they should act before the class.4. Role-playOne student will act as a salesperson. All other students will act as his/ her potential customers. He/She will have ten minutes to persuade other to buy his/ her goods. One of them can buy from the salesperson. All other must come up with an excuse not to buy.Words or expressions available: This is our (model); it costs only (prices); it’s suitable for (purpose); we can deliver to your door; it’s available in (color) and (size); we can offer a discount of (％); we have a good after-sales service etc..5. After the role-play, the following questions can be raised:1) What are the basic qualities of a good salesperson? Which is essential? Why?---courage; thick skin; physical fitness; imagination; pleasing tone of voice, nice facial expression; hard work, perseverance, endurance etc.Some salesperson may work hard and intelligently, use their imaginations well until they meet a succession of refusal and turndowns. It is here that the salesman with stand in his soul, persistence in his backbone and courage in his heart, comes right back and whips the salesman who does not have those qualities.The most successful salesmen in the worldJoe Girard(乔吉拉德): world's greatest salesperson, best selling author and motivational speaker - sales training, lectures, meetings, conventions!Milton Kotler（弥尔顿·科特勒）: international well-known salesman, chairman of KMG, 25 years sales experience.Cremant Stone（克里曼特·斯通）: has $38000 billions, born in slum, but succeeded at last with his hard work.The qualities they share: ability of self-discovery, inspiration, judgment and learning2) Do you think it is easy for a handicapped person to be a salesperson? Why or why not?From the role-play we know the sale of goods is rather a difficult job. So it is even more difficult for a handicapped one, like Bill Porter in Text A. ( suggested proverbs such a s Nothing is impossible to a willing mind 世上无难事，只怕有心人; something attempted, something done 有所为，必有所成etc.).Second PeriodDictationOnce upon a time, a young girl stood in front of the parishioners (教区居民) in a Boston church. She opened her mouth to sing, and a huge voice came out, moving the congregation to tears. At that moment the girl heard the voice of God tell her, “You’re gonna be famous.”From that time on, the girl knew that she was destined for greatness. That girl grew up to become Donna Summer.Ⅲ. Text Organization: Narrative writingThe text falls into four parts as divided by the author with asterisks ******, each describing thepara11-20 (past tense) his disability, his schooling, and his hard struggle to make a living for himself para71 (past tense) his back surgery and the selling of his houseQuestion1Try to find the hero’s words, physical and mental activities that can depict how he suffers from his deformity.Answer: para4. He takes the first unsteady stepsPara5. With trembling hands he assembles his weaponsPara10. Porter senses the stares. He looks at the floor.Para24. His first stop today, like every day, is a shoeshine stand where employees tie his laces.(He can not tie the laces himself)Para51Spices?“No.”Jams?“No. Maybe nothing today, Bill.”Porter’s hearing is the one perfect thing his body does. Except when he gets a live one. Then the word “no”does not register.Para82. With great care he climbs the stairs to his bedroom.Question2What can you learn from the hero’s perseverance?Question3Try to find the shift of tense in the story.Answer: two flashbacks are in past tense; the rest are in present tense. We may use present tense to tell a story like the parts of our text except two flashbacks.Question4 How does his mother help him to overcome his deformity? Will you make a comparison between the mothers in Unit Four Book One, Unit Five Book Two, and Unit Seven Book Three.Para2. Some days, he feels like surrendering. But his dead mother’s challenge echoes in his soul. (encouragement)Para15. What could his future be? Porter wanted to do something and his mother was certain that he could rise above his limitations. With her encouragement, he applied for a job with the Fuller Brush Co. only to be turned down. He couldn’t carry a product briefcase or walk a route, they said.(belief in him and encouragement)Para16. Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. (helping him to find a job) Ⅳ. Language Points:1.linger: 1) spend a long time doing sth.e.g. My daughter used to linger long over her meal.There will be no time to linger---the press conference will begin in a few minutes.2) stay for a long time, esp. because one does not want to leave.e.g.: It is a dreary little town where few people would choose to linger.2．dignity: the quality of being worthy of honor or respect,e.g.: She always acts with great dignity.If you are wrong, admit it. You wo n’t lose dignity, but you will gain respect.Possess dignity: 有地位，有身份Maintain one’s dignity: 保持尊严Stand upon one’s dignity: 摆架子，逞威力Beneath one’s dignity: 有失体面3．cripple: 1) cause to become unable to move or walk properlye.g.: At the beginning of the year 2000 crippled children were to receive care.Peter’s father was crippled by a stroke.2) damage or harm (sb/sth) seriouslye.g.: His business was crippled by the fire.The terrorists’ attack has not crippled the US economy.4.betray: 1) show a lack of loyalty to; be disloyal/ unfaithful toe.g.: Greed made Judas betray Jesus for 30 pieces of silver.2) give away or make knowne.g.: He betrayed the secret to his friends.Her face betrayed her nervousness.5.gain on/upon: come closer to, especially a rival of sth pursued.e.g.: She gradually gained on the other runners in the race.6. tremble: shake from cold, fear, weakness, etc.e.g.: Her hands grew very cold and trembled so that she could hardly hold the flag.The whole house grew very cold and trembled as the train passed by.shake: cause (sb / sth to ) move quickly and often jerkily from side to side or up and down;(of a person) terrible, quivere.g.: The earth shook under us.She was shaking with cold.shiver: tremble, especially from cold or feare.g.: She shivered at the thought of going into the dark house.tremble: shake involuntarily ( from fear, cold, weakness, etc.); quiver; shake slightlye.g.: His voice trembled with rage,The bridge trembled as the train sped across it.quaver: ( of a voice or musical sound) shake, tremblee.g.: Her top noted quavered a little.quiver: ( cause sth to ) tremble slightly or vibratee.g.: The moth quivered its wing.7. pledge: a solemn promisee.g.: The boy made a pledge to get straight A’s at the end of the semester.vt.: make a solemn promise or agreemente.g.: The witness will be required to pledge that they will say nothing but the truth in court.swear: ( cause sb to ) make a solemn promise or statement about sth.e.g.: Witnesses have to swear on the Bible to tell the truth.vow: make a vow about sth; swear, promise or declare solemnlye.g.: He vowed that he would lose weight,8. limit: point or line beyond which sth does not extend; boundary.e.g.: 1) within the city limits; 2) He tried my patience to its limits.limitation: limiting, being limited.e.g.: resist any limitation of their powers.Homework: Try to memorize the new words.Third PeriodCheck the new words the students learned last periodⅤ. Text analysis:1. Journalistic writingThis article first appeared in a newspaper; therefore it carries many characteristics of journalistic writing:(1)Third-person narrative is usually preferred over third-person narrative for it is objective.(2)Journalists have great esteem for objectivity. They claim to have "the third eye", being able tosee what ordinary people ignore, and see to that they won't be blinded or misled by other people's opinions or assumptions.(3)An eye-catching beginning.(4)The vocabulary is simple; the sentences and paragraphs are short, sometimes elliptical.(5)Conversations can be transcribed word by word if they illustrate the theme.2. Writing strategy: how to write a synopsisA synopsis is a summary of a longer piece of writing. A synopsis writer should keep in mind thefollowing requirements:（1）His synopsis should not be longer than a third of the length of the original passage.(2) His synopsis does not express his but someone else’s ideas.(3) It should be faithful to the original with no change in facts and views.(4) All the important points in the original should be included whereas all the details can be omitted,To wire a synopsis of an article, follow the steps described below:(1)Read the passage carefully and make sure you realize fully what is being said.(2)Make a list of the main points, leaving out details.(3)With the help of this list, write a rough draft of the synopsis, using your own words as far aspossible.(4)Compare your version with the original passage and make sure you haven’t distorted themeaning of the original or added to it.(5)Count the number of words in the draft.(6)Revise your first draft.(7)Write out a fair copy of your synopsis.Ⅵ. Post-reading task: Role play:After learning the story, ask several students to read the text thoroughly and complete the dialogue between Bill Porter and his customers in the story.Ⅶ. WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed to write a composition in no less than 120 words according to the given title and outline. First look at the model below.Choosing the Right Career1．选择合适的职业很重要。

Quiz for unit 7I. choose the best answer to complete the sentence1. Every ______ person should read this book.A. literateB. literaryC. literalD. literature2. He continued speaking, ______ my feeling on the matter.A. regardingB. with regard toC. as regardsD. regardless of3. Thank you so much for help —I ______ it without you.A. didn’t doB. couldn’t doC. couldn’t have doneD. shouldn’t have done4. ______ is amazing that none of the passengers were hurt in the accident.A. ThisB. ThatC. ItD. What5. Our success ______ an increase in sales.A. rest inB. rest onC. rest withD. rest from6. She could not have taken the large doses. ______, she did not have enough pills.A. Or ratherB. In the first placeC. Even thoughD. As a result7. If someone says something against my girlfriend, I ______.A. take it to heartB. bring it to an endC. set it rightD. come to its attention8. This TV program is intended ______ to entertain its viewers as to inform them.A. asB. much tooC. soD. as much9. Her novels are an odd ______ of English reserve and Welsh emotionalism.A. symmetryB. sympathyC. synthesisD. symphony10. If they ______ time, they would study Chinese too.A. haveB. hadC. have hadD. would have11. The tallest buildings in London are small in ______ with those in New York.A. comparisonB. compassionC. communityD. companion12. This point has been dealt with in the ______ paragraph.A. precedentB. precedingC. preciousD. precocious13. Trains ______ delay after the heavy snowfalls.A. subjectB. subject toC. are subject toD. are subjected to14. A fund will be ______ for the dead men’s families.A. set downB. set outC. set toD. set up15. The sun ______ set, we arrived at the station.A. hasB. havingC. to haveD. is16. He will agree to do what you require ______ him.A. ofB. fromC. toD. for17. He was ______ of the latest developments in physics because he had been in hospital for several months.A. awareB. sureC. robbedD. ignorant18. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he ______ his opinion.A. struck atB. strove forC. stuck toD. stood for19. There is no ______ in going to school if you’re not willing to learn.A. reasonB. aimC. pointD. purpose20. Bill refused to go home at this ______ stage of his experiment.A. superiorB. superficialC. cautiousD. critical21. What measures have been ______ to control the crowd at Saturday’s football match?A. thoughtB. madeC. givenD. taken22. Mr. Johnson ______ the opportunity to speak to the president.A. realizedB. heldC. seizedD. discovered23. Word got around ______ he had resigned his position as executive secretary of the committee.A. whenB. thatC. afterD. which24. They were planning to provide a medical service which would ______ both the rich and the poor.A. gainB. opposeC. recoverD. benefit25. According to the report, the situation there has become ______ grave in the last few days.A. consequentlyB. repeatedlyC. increasinglyD. wholly26. Although this area is very poor now, its ______ wealth is great.A. peculiarB. plentifulC. potentialD. present.27. At that critical moment, I was fortunately able to ______ my companion to take my advice.A. affectB. expectC. persuadeD. stimulate28. The minister ______ to say whether all the local mines would be closed.A. refusedB. avoidedC. deniedD. rejected29. ______ the salary meets my expectations I will accept the job offer.A. AlthoughB. Even ifC. UnlessD. Provided30. Tom’s university education gave him an advantage ______ boys who had not been to a college.A. toB. thanC. overD. aboveII. ClozeBefore the 20th century the horse provided day to day transportation in the United States. Trains were used only for long distance transportation.Today the car is the most popular 1 of transportation in all of the United States. It has completely 2 the horse as a means of everyday transportation. Americans use their car for 3 90 percent of all personal 4 . Most Americans are able to 5 cars. The average price of a 6 made car was $2,050 in 1950, $2,740 in 1960 and up to 4,750 7 1975. During this period American car manufacturers set about 8 their products and work efficiency. As a result, the yearly income of the 9 family increased from 1950 to1975 10 than the price ofcars. For this reason 11 a new car takes a smaller 12 of a family’s total earnings today. In 1951 13 it took 8.1 months of an average family’s 14 to buy a new car. In 1962 a new car 15 6.43months of a family’s earnings. By 1975 it took 4.75 16 income. In addition, the 1975 cars were technically 17 to models from previous years. The 18 of the automobile extends throughout the economy 19 the car is so important to Americans. Americans spend more money to 20 their cars running than on any other item.1. A. kinds B. sort C. mean D. types2. A. denied B. reproduced C. replaced D. ridiculed3. A. hardly B. nearly C. certainly D. somehow4. A. trip B. works C. business D. travel5. A. buy B. sell C. race D. see6. A. quickly B. regularly C. rapidly D. recently7. A. on B. in C. behind D. about8. A. raising B. making C. reducing D. improving9. A. unusual B. interested C. average D. biggest10. A. slowest B. equal C. faster D. less11. A. bringing B. obtain C. brought D. purchasing12. A. part B. half C. number D. side13. A. clearly B. proportionally C. percentage D. suddenly14. A. income B. work C. plans D. debts15. A. used B. spent C. cost D. needed16. A. month’s B. dollar’s C. family D. year17. A. famous B. superior C. fastest D. purchasing18. A. running B. notice C. influence D. discussion19. A. then B. as C. so D. which20. A. start B. leave C. keep D. repairIII. Reading comprehensionPASSAGE 1Whether the eyes are “the windows of the soul” is debatable；that they are intensely important in interpersonal communicati on is a fact. During the first two months of a baby’s life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes.The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four year old were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother’s back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode (把……编码) or decode (理解)meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the “proper place to focus one’s gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one’s conversation partner.”The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they reestablish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker reestablishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational now becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses: there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.1. The author is convinced that the eyes are ______.A. of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideasB. something through which one can see a person’s inner worldC. of considerable significance in making conversations interestingD. something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate2. Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person ______.A. whose front view is fully perceivedB. whose face is covered with a maskC. whose face is seen from the side.D. whose face is free of any covering3. According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversatio n partner’s neck because ______.A. they don’t like to keep their eyes on the face of the speakerB. they need not communicate through eye contactC. they don’t think it polite to have eye contactD. they didn’t have much opportunity to communicate through eye contact in babyhood4. According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down due to ______.A. temporary glancing away from the listenerB. eye contacts of more than one secondC. improperly timed ceasing of eye contactD. constant adjustment of eye contacts5. To keep a conversation flowing smoothly, it is better for the participants ______.A. not to wear dark spectaclesB. not to make any interruptionsC. not to glance away from each otherD. not to make unpredictable pausesPASSAGE 2The third function of an economy is to determine who gets the product. Family A gets $5 000 worth of goods this year, family B five times as much —how is the division to be decided? The incomes of individuals are determined by the quantities of resources (labor skills, capital in all forms) they own and the prices they receive for the use of these resources. Workers are incited by the price system to acquire new skills and to exercise them diligently, and families are encouraged to savings (capital accumulation) by the payment of interest or dividends. The inheritance of both personal ability and wealth also enters into the distribution of income.If the price system is working reasonably well, it performs all of these economic functions with remarkable subtlety and precision. Society desires not only the correct amount of wheat but also that it be consumed more or less evenly over the crop year, with a surplus to carry over in case of a partial failure of the next year’s crop. The price system pro vides a seasonal price pattern that encourages the holding of inventories rather than early splurging and richly rewards speculators who correctly anticipate a crop failure and hold grain that will alleviate it. In the same way, the desires of every sizable group of consumers (or resource owners) are registered through the price system; entrepreneurs are incited by price offers toprovide opera and musical comedy, kosher food, and Persian delicacies.High prices in a properly functioning price system thus serve as incentives to produce more and consume less, and lower prices serve as corresponding deterrents. In addition the price system is a method of communicating information. Herbert Spencer once stated, rather ponderously, that only by constant iteration can alien truths be impressed upon reluctant minds: the price system, with its capacity for infinite repetition, is well suited to this sometimes unpleasant task. A higher price of steel scrap, for example, tells thousands of owners and collectors of scrap that more scrap is wanted and that more exhaustive search for abandoned rails, boilers, radiators, and machines is worth undertaking. A higher price of gasoline tells thousands of automobile drivers that gasoline should be used more sparingly, and the message is repeated each time each driver purchases more gasoline.6. According to this passage, the distribution of income is determined by all of the following factors, except ______.A. the price systemB. wealth accumulatedC. productivity growthD. new labor skills7. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the second paragraph?A. The seasonal price pattern best satisfies the desire of society for a balanced supply of wheat.B. The price system is able to satisfy the desires of every sizable group of consumers.C. The price system can satisfactorily perform any of its economic functions.D. It is possible to lower costs of production by standardizing products.8. All of the following statements are true, except ______.A. High prices never appear in a properly functioning price systemB. Lower prices indicate that there is more supply than demandC. Higher prices indicate that there is more demand than supplyD. It is normal for the price of a perishable product to vary with seasons9. The author’s attitude toward the issue of distribution is ______.A. criticalB. impartialC. suspiciousD. sympathetic10. What does the word underlined in the last paragraph mean?A. repetition.B. demonstration.C. clarification.D. organization.Key to Quiz for Unit 71. 汉译：凡有文化的人都该读一读此书。

Unit 7I. Vocabulary Analysis1. Phrase practice1. strap in= have the seat belt fastened on 系紧安全带e.g. Strap in, please, the plane is going to take off soon. 请系好安全带，飞机马上就要起飞了。

2. make a connecting flight= catch another flight to continue the journey 转机e.g. You don’t have to take a connecting flight anymore, which saves you three hours. 您不必转机，从而可以节省三个小时时间。

3. pull oneself together =controll one's feelings and began behaving calmly again 冷静，振作e.g. It is not the dead end, and you need to pull yourself together. 现在还不是结束，你要振作起来。

4. be indebted to= be very grateful to 感激于e.g. I am greatly indebted to you for what you have done. 对于您做的一切我无比感激。

Everyone should be greatly indebted to his parents. 所有人都应当感激自己的父母。

2. Word comparison1.swerve: if a vehicle or other moving thing swerves or if you swerve it, it suddenly changes direction, often in order to avoid hitting somethinge.g. Her car swerved off the road into a brick wall.turn: to change the direction in which you are facing or movinge.g. The path twists and turns for the next half mile.lunge: to make a sudden strong movement towards someone or something, especially to attack theme.g. The goats lunged at each other with their horns.scramble: if you scramble over rocks or up a hill, you move quickly over them or up it using your hands to help youe.g. Tourists were scrambling over the rocks,looking for the perfect camera angle.3.stricken: (adj.) suffering severely from the effects of something unpleasante.g. All the oil from the stricken tanker has now leaked into the sea.striking: (adj.) unusual or interesting enough to be easily noticede.g. There is a striking contrast between wealth and poverty in that country.struck: the past tense and past participle of strikestrike: to hit or fall against the surface of somethinge.g. She fell heavily, striking her head against the side of the boat.4.reassuring: if you find someone’s words or actions reassuring, they make you feel less worriedabout somethinge.g. It was reassuring to hear John’s familiar voice.recall: to bring the memory of a past event into your mind and often to give a description of what you remembere.g. The old man recalled the city as it had been before the war.remind: to make someone remember something that they must doe.g. The girls constantly had to be reminded about her chores.remove: if you remove something from a place, you take it awaye.g. He went to the refrigerator and removed a bottle of wine.5.equal: the same in amount, number or size, or the same in importance and deserving the same treatmente.g. All people are equal, deserving the same rights as each other.same: not a different onee.g. She sits in the same chair every night.similar: if one thing is similar to another, they have features that are the samee.g. The accident was similar to one that happened in 1973.equivalent: having the same amount, value, purpose, quality, etc.e.g. She’s doing the equivalent job in the new company but for more money.6.smell: the smell of something is a quality it has which you become aware of when you breathe in through your nosee.g. I love the smell of freshly baked bread.perfume: a liquid with a pleasant smell, usually made from oils taken from flowers or spices, which is often used on the skine.g. She adores French perfume.taste: the feeling that is produced by a particular food or drink when you put it in your mouth e.g. The medicine has a slightly bitter taste.freshness: being full of energy and enthusiasme.g. Marked by or possessing characteristics, such as vigor, freshness, or enthusiasm, that are associated with youth.7.screech: if a vehicle screeches, its wheels make a high unpleasant noise as it moves along or stops e.g. A van screeched onto the road in front of me.scream: when something makes a loud, high-pitched noise, you can say that it screamse.g. As he talked, an airforce jet screamed over the town.jolt: to move suddenly and violentlye.g. The train stopped unexpectedly and we were jolted forwards.cling: to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you do not feel safee.g. He wailed and clung to his mother.8.fateful: if an action or a time when something happened is described as fateful, it is considered to have an important, and often very bad, effect on future eventse.g. It was a fateful decision that the two great leaders met again.lucky: having good things happen to you by chancee.g. The lucky winner will be able to choose from three different holidays.indebted: being very grateful to someone for the help they have given youe.g. We are deeply indebted to Miss Wang.glamorous: if you describe someone or something as glamorous, you mean that they are more attractive, exciting, or interesting than ordinary people or thingse.g. The south coast is less glamorous but full of clean and attractive hotels .3. Synonym / AntonymGive synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Somehow I managed to unbolt the door and scramble out.Synonyms: open, unlock, unlatch, unchain2. In the next seat sat a young businessman who had been confidently working.Antonyms: hopelessly, unconfidently, despairingly3. Of course I never paid attention to this drill, always figuring that if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, I would have already died of terror.Synonyms: think, believe, imagine4. She must have seen how scared I was and reached over.Antonyms: unafraid, brave, bold, fearless, dauntless5. I loved her Southern drawl, her indiscriminate use of perfume, and her soulful squeeze. Synonyms: unselective, uncritical, random6. Among the many feelings going through my head during those excruciating minutes was pride — pride in how well everybody on board was behaving.Antonyms: enjoyable, comfortable, agreeable, pleasant7. He had been complaining that he wasn’t getting to see very much of me because of my book tour.Synonyms: grumble8. I felt almost tearful to be parting from the people whose lives had so intensely, if briefly, touched mine.Antonyms: lightly, barely, hardly, scarcely4. Word derivationFill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the brackets.1. After all he has done for us, it would be very ungrateful of us if we didn’t do this for him now. (grateful)2. With the world’s population increasing at the present rate, by the year 2050 it is feared there will be a terrible food shortage. (short)3. Penellpe has unfortunately failed her driving test again. (fortune)4. This jewel is not simply valuable; it is invaluable. (value)5. This coat is too short for me. Do you think you could lengthen it a little? (long)6. The hurricane caused terrible destruction along the coast. (destroy)7. Without the timely help of the PLA men, a lot more people would have lost their lives in the earthquake. (time)8. It is said the 100% iron is rustless. (rust)1. grateful (adj.) 感激的，感谢的ungrateful (adj.) 忘恩负义的，讨人厌的ungratefulness (n.) 徒劳e.g. Nourish your life with a grateful heart. 用感恩的心来滋养你的生活。