高中英语牛津上海版高中三年级第一学期概要写作精讲及巩固练习1(有答案)

名词与主谓一致巩固提升练习基础练习1.No one except Jack and Tom ________ the answer.A. are knowsB. is knowingC. knowsD. know2.Nothing but cars_______ in the shop.A. are going to sellB. were soldC. are soldD. is sold3.Here is a message of importance to every man and every woman who_______ .A. votesB. voteC. votingD. arevoting4.Politics_______ one of the subjects that I study.A. areB. is G. were D. was5. _______ a lready been interviewed.A. A number of applicants haveB. A number of applicants hasC. The number of applicants haveD. The number of applicants has6. _______ i s misused in the sentence.A. A word or twoB. One or two wordsC. One and two wordsD. Many words7.There _______ priceless jewellery on display at the exhibition hall.A. areB. haveC. isD. has8.I am the one who________ w rong.A. amB. isC. areD. havebeen9.Each of the footballers________ over 150 pounds.A. weighB. weighsC. weightsD. wereweighing10.Half of the material ________ away.A. has been takenB. are takenC. have been takenD. weretaken11.The manager or his assistant ________planning to go.A. wasB. wereC. hasD. will12.There _______ in this room.A. are too many furnituresB. are too much furnitureC. are too much furnituresD. is too much furniture13.His brother rather than his parents ________ .A. are to be blamedB. is to blameC. are to blameD. is to be blamed14. What caused the accident and who was responsible for it_______ a mystery to us.A. has been remainedB. have been remainedC. remainD. remains15. To know merely the main facts________ enough.A. areB. beC. beingD. is16. Watering the flowers and looking after the children________ all I have to do everyday.A. areB. isC. wasD. were17. Each boy and each girl________ a new book.A. have goneB. has goneC. have gotD. has got18. American and Dutch beer ________ b oth much lighter than British.A. areB. isC. wereD. was19. It is not I but you who________ the first to run to the goal in that competition.A. isB. wasC. areD. is goingto20. Every means________ been tried since then.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is21. One and a half bananas________ o n the table.A. are leftB. is leftC. have leftD. has left22. There _______ in this room.A. are too many roomsB. are too much roomC. are plenty of roomsD. is plenty of room23. Neither of them ________ g oing to the cinema. Both of them_________ going to thecinema.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; wasD. are; is24. All but one ________ h ere just now. All that I want to say __________ this.A. was; wereB. was; isC. were; isD. were;were25.A number of students ________ g one for an outing. The number of the students ________ increasing every yeaA. have; hasB. is; haveC. has; haveD. have; is26.S ome of the oranges________ turned bad. Some of the milk_______ turned sour.A. have; hasB. have; haveC. has; haveD. have; is27.Each student ________ got an English-Chinese dictionary. The students eacha dictionary.A. have; hasB. has; haveC. have; haveD. has; has28.There_______ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There___________ somebowls, plates and a spoon on it.A. is; areB. are; areC. are; isD. is; is29.Either the judge or the lawyers ________ wrong. Either you or he_________ to blame.A. is; areB. are; isC. are; areD. is; isKeys: 1-10 CDABA ACBBA11-20 ADBCD ADACA21-30 BDACD ABABA提高练习30.His family________ all very well. His family __________ a "five good" one.A. are; isB. is; isC. are; areD. is; are31.My blue trousers_______ worn out. One pair of trousers_________ not enough.A. is; areB. are; areC. is; isD. are; is32.Our League secretary and monitor _______ the lead in everything. Our League secretaryand the monitor good friends.A. take; areB. take; isC. takes; isD. takes;are33.The girl as well as his parents_________ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor_____________________________ s urprised at Mary's answer.A. have; wasB. have; wereC. has; wasD. has;were34.Who _______ the girl singing in the next room? Who ________ these people over there?A. are; areB. are; isC. is; areD. is; is35.Most of the students _______ boys. Most of his money________ spent on books.A. are; isB. is; isC. are; areD. is; are36.The policeman _______ standing at the street corner. The police_________ s earching for him.A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is37.The glasses _______ mine. That pair of glasses _________ my brother's.A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is38.The news at six o'clock________ n ot true. Those pieces of news_________ to be broadcast.A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is39.Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons ________ taking a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, taking a walk in the park now.A. are; areB. is; areC. is; isD. are; is40.No one but Jane________ the secret. Nobody but Mary and I_________ i n the classroom at that time.A. know; wasB. knows; wasC. know; wereD.knows; were41.There _______ nothing but two looms in the hall. There _________ something wrong with the machine.A. was; isB. was; areC. were; isD. were;are42.He is one of the boys who ________ never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who_____________________________ never late for school.A. is; areB. are; areC. are; isD. is; is43.What they have done_______ of great use to us. What he says and what he does________ agree.A. is; notB. is; do notC. are; does notD. are; not44.Every picture except these two ________ . Everything around us ________ matter.A. have been sold; isB. have been sold; areC. has been sold; isD. has been sold; are45.A woman with two children________ coming up to us. Mary, along with her parents, _________ moved to PaA. is; hasB. is; haveC. are; haveD. are; has46.one sixth of our classmates _______ from peasant families. One fifth of her time __________ devoted to wA. comes; isB. come; areC. come; isD. comes;are47.Only 10 percent of the students in the class _______ League members. About 40% of Jim'sincome_____________________________________ to the rent (租金).A. are; goesB. are; goC. is; goesD. is; go48.It is this teacher who ________ leaving for London. It is you who _________ next.A. are; areB. is; areC. are; isD. is; is49.The population of the earth_______ increasing fast. One third of the population here ________ workers.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are;are50.This kind of snakes________ very dangerous. These kinds of metal_________ hard tofind.A. is; isB. are; isC. is; areD. are; are51.Half of the visitors ________ from Europe. Half of the fruit__________ b ad.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are; are52.Every man worker and every woman worker ________ free medical care. At Christmaseach boy and each girl_____________________________ given a present.A. enjoy; isB. enjoy; areC. enjoys; isD. enjoys;are53.Many a man ________ s een the wonderful film. Many men________ seen thewonderful film.A. has; hasB. has; haveC. have; hasD. have;have54.Going to bed early and getting up early________ a good habit. Singing and dancing _________ two of the thA. is; isB. are; isC. is；areD. are;are55.Such _______ Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Suchher words.A. were; wereB. was; wereC. were; wereD. was;was56.If anybody_______ , ask him to wait. ________ there anything I can do for you?A. come; IsB. come; AreC. comes; AreD. comes;Is57.Chinese_______ not so difficult to learn. The Chinese people ________ brave and hard working.A. is; isB. are; isC. is; areD. are; are58.Little _______ done to prevent the air from being polluted. Much ________ done to against fight pollution.A. has been; have beenB. have; hasC. has been; has beenD. have been; have been59.Do you know the singer and dancer who_______ s tanding at the gate? China has thousands of islands, the largest of which Taiwan.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are; are60.When we are to hold the sports meet _________ been decided. Whether he succeeds or fails _____________________________________ m atter.A. have; don'tB. has; don'tC. have; doesn'tD. has; doesn'tKeys: 31-40 DDCCA CACDB41-50 ACBCA CABAC51-60 CCBCB DCCBD。

应用文作文应用文是一种与日常生活、学习或工作密切相关, 实用性很强的文体, 包括书信(或电子邮件)、日记、通知、发言稿和读后感等, 每种类别的应用文都有各自的结构和行文特点。

（一）书信（电子邮件）书信通常包括商务信函和私人信函, 从内容方面包括求职或求学的申请信、批评或投诉抱怨信、建议信、祝贺或感谢或慰问信等。

书信是应用文中使用最广泛的文体。

其中建议信和申请信考察最频繁。

电子邮件与书信的格式差不多。

1、写作思路第一段：开门见山地说明写信的意图，即信的开头要交代事由。

第二段：交代对信中所反映的主要问题的看法和建议，不同内容可分段。

第三段：表达美好祝愿，期待对方回信。

2、写作模板Dear ,Learning/Hearing that____________, I’m now writing to extend a helping hand, hoping that my suggestions may be of great benefit to you to some extent.Frankly speaking, there is no denying that the following suggestions carried out, things would probably become much better. First and foremost, there is no doubt that you are supposed to___________________. Additionally, it goes without saying that it is beneficial for you to___________________. Last but not least, needless to say, if I were you, I would___________________________________.I genuinely hope that you will take my suggestions into consideration, and your prompt (迅速的) attention to my suggestions would be highly appreciated.Best wishes to you!Yours sincerely,Signature3、真题演练假设你是明启中学的王磊，你校学生会即将组织一次徒步活动，并在校园网公布了如下方案，征求师生的意见。

children learned to say no to their parents’ unnecessary , they should make parents believe they are oldthemselves for the future.Recently, I have been taking part in a research on “Whether Parents feel honoured of theirparents in my school, I found that 80% of thechildren while 40% of the students remained”This vivid picture shows a scene of a class in a primary school. Obviously, all the pupils are encouraged to join in the class actively and everyone is eager to answer the questions raised by the teacher. Their bright smiles and active participation remind me of my primary school time, The first day I stepped into the new school, seeing the serious-looking teacher, I was too nervous to say a word. So were my new classmates. We were asked to sit still, not allowed to do this or that. As a result, we were all too shy to raise our hands, not daring to express ourselves你的短文应包含以下内容:this picture. What can we do in the presence of the pressure from both society and family? Many people, regardless of their own interests, may choose the highly-paid professions to ensure their bright future and live up to their parents’ expectations. But for my part, I think we should follow our own interests. Only when we aremore, the purpose of choosing a career is to satisfy ourselves instead of our parents.When it comes to a bright future, I think not only can the highly-paid profession contribute to it, but also our personal interest. Do not allow yourself to be limited by others. Just do what you like. I firmly believe that we can fly higher with our own wings.。

非谓语动词（一）不定式思维导图（二）动名词思维导图（三）分词思维导图（四）非谓语动词成分（五）写作词组积累考纲词汇短语默写07课堂练习（一）填空1. The next morning she found the man in bed, _____ (lie) dead.2. The furniture ______(deliver) on October 15 was seriously damaged because of a road accident .3. Most of the people_______(invite) to the party were famous scientists.4. —Good morning. Can I help you?—I’d like to have this package________(weigh), madam.5. ________(give) more attention, the trees could have grown better.6. She reached the top of the hill and stopped________(rest) on a big rock by the side of the path.7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands______(tie) behind his back.8. The secretary worked late into the night, _______(prepare) a long speech for the president.9. I can hardly imagine Peter_______(sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.10. The Olympic Games, first________(play) in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.11. __________(not finish) his homework, he was forbidden to watch the game.12. The _________(increase) world population is the result of recent advances in medical science.13. Cleaning women in big cities usually get______ (pay) by the hour.14. European football is played in 80 countries, ______ (make) it the most popular sport in the world.15. Robert is said_________(study) abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.16. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, ______(read) “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”17. It is impossible to avoid ______(influence) by advertisements in a modern society.18. Some people believe that some numbers show the ______(hide) side of a person’s personality.19. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?—key to______ (solve) the problem is to meet the demand _______(make) by the customers.20. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains______ (see) whether they will enjoy it.21. The research is so designed that once______ (begin) nothing can be done to change it.22. Time should be made good use of __________（learn）our lessons well.23. Walking past the park, I couldn’t help ______(stop) to watch some children flying kites.24. Generally speaking, when________(take) according to directions, the drug has no side-effect.25. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered_______(issue) clearwarnings before firing any shots.26. There is a new problem _______(involve) in the popularity of private cars that road conditionsneed ______(improve).27. The manager, ______ (know) his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give hisworkers further training.28. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _______ (see) whether he was goingin the right direction.29. Don’t be discouraged. ______ (take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of yourlife.30. Unless______ (invite)to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.1. lying2. delivered3. invited4. weighed5. given6. to rest7. tied8.preparing9. sailing 10. played 11. Not finishing 12. increasing 13. paid 14. making 15. to have studied16. reading 17. being influenced 18. hidden 19. solving made 20. to be seen 21. begun22. to learn 23. stopping 24. taken 25. to issue 26. involved improving 27 knowing28. to see 29. Take 30. invited（二）翻译1、老人们发现越来越难跟上现代科学的发展。

倒装& 强调句一、高考聚焦1.手机在人们的日常生活中起着如此重要的作用，没有人敢不带手机去旅行。

（So...）So important a role does a phone play in people’s daily life, no one dares to travel without it.2.垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来。

（Not only)Not only does classifying/sorting rubbish help protect the environment, but also it helps recycle waste materials, so everyone should take action.3.他高中一毕业就迫不及待的出国旅游去了。

（Hardly）Hardly had he graduated from the high school when he hurried to travel abroad.4.只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。

（only）Only by making full use of every chance that you come across can you realize your dream.5.他伤得很严重，应该马上送医院。

(So...)So badly was he wounded that he should be sent to the hospital immediately.6.志愿者活动不仅能使青少年学到如何帮助残疾人，还可以提高他们与陌生人合作的意识。

(Not only…)Not only can volunteer activities enable teenagers to learn how to help the disabled, but they can also raise teenagers’ awareness to cooperate with strangers.Or: Not only can volunteer activities make teenagers learn how to help the disabled, but they can raise teenagers’ awareness to cooperate with strangers as well.7.杰克难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。

选词填空（一）考情分析1.近5年高考选词文章分析✧10年后选词填空题文体以说明文为主✧题材内容以科普文为主，但内容各不相同，覆盖人文、健康、科技、气候、概念等方方面面。

2.近5年高考选词词汇分析2014年2015年2016年2017年秋考2018年春考2018年秋考✧主要考察实词，为名词，动词，形容词，副词；✧动词是考察重点，尤其是动词的分词变形为主；所以动词时语态与非谓语是高中语法学习的重点。

✧名词与形容词为次重点，每年都有考察；对于名词与形容词在句中所起作用与相互修饰须要学生熟练掌握。

✧副词考察较少，难度不大。

它在句中的位置灵活，功能强大。

✧每年都会考察考纲词汇的派生词，如标粗处。

要注意积累派生词。

3.近5年高考选词高频词汇分布✧考纲词汇积累与运用是选词填空的考察重点，也是学生英语学习的大难点。

从上面几个表格中不难看出首字母a-,c-.p-, re-, i-, s-高频词汇考察多，且多为长难词。

P-开头以pl-,pro-,pre-为重难点，也是学生容易混淆的词汇点。

（二）解题步骤第一步，判断方框内单词词性。

有多个词性的都标出来，不确定词性的先不标。

doing和done可以不标。

第二步，略读抓中心。

略读文章，细读文章首句，快速掌握文章的主题词与了解文章大致内容。

第三步，填词入空。

分为三小步：1、确认空处可填词性，2、同性词筛选，3、按逻辑关系代入确认答案。

（三）空格词性判断1）句子缺主语46 Researchers had two groups of 20 people each listen to a 30-minute recording that included a sequence of numbers.2）句子缺动词宾语或介词宾语The officials realized that the students had already established digital__41. identities _ _ by the time they entered college…Their debates took place before 44 audience in cornfields and courthouse squares.3）注意名词也可作定语However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food 41 labels at the supermarket.注意此时动词形式为原形，三单，过去式，进行时或被动语态的过去分词。

高三上学期期中巩固提升练习Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, used one word that best fits each blank.A drug has stopped brain deterioration in Alzheimer’s（早老性痴呆病）, patients for the first time, scientists announced yesterday.Mental decline was stopped for 18 months in some patients, in results described as (21)______ (strong) sign yet that an effective treatment for the disease is near. Researchers said that the drug — (22)______ (take) as a tablet twice a day —could soon become the first medicine given to Alzheimer’s patients to keep the disease at bay for as long as possible.The final-stage trial had at first appeared (23)______ (be) a failure as the drug did not work in patients who were taking other dementia（痴呆，精神错乱）medicines. (24)______, among the 15 per cent of 891 patients not taking other medicines, the drug appeared to have remarkable effects.These patients say no drop-off in their reasoning and memory skills over 18 months, nor in their ability to carry out everyday tasks.(25)______, key areas of their brain shrank a third less than other patients in the trial, researchers told the A lzheimer’s Association International Conference in Toronto.“There is a pattern of disease modification here,” Serge Gauthier, of McGill University, (26)______ presented the results, said. “This is the first time it (27)______ (happen) in our field that a drug reduces the rate of brain atrophy（萎缩）.”At present patients are prescribed drugs such as donepezil, which help to control symptoms for a time but do not stop worsening damage to the brain.Doctor Gauthier said it was a surprise (28)______ other dementia drugs appeared to cancel out the effects of the new drug, called LMTX or LMTM, but (29) _______that just as cancer patients were given some medicines initially and then switched (30)______ _______ those stopped working, so Alzheimer’s patients could be given LMTX as a first-choice drug.“I’m excited about the promise of LMTX,” he said.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Preschool is getting a lot of attention these days. President Obama and mayors across the country are touting（标榜）preschool as an important investment in the economy.As policymakers _31_ the costs and benefits of “preschool for all,” they’re trying to figure out what actually works in the classroom.School officials say the system of intensive coaching is a key to classroom success. Boston uses coaches for teachers as part of its larger _32_ for preschool quality. The district has installed a strict _33_ and requires teachers to get masters degrees.Academics have known for some time that quality _34_, but much of the research has focused on small-scale programs. The Boston program is different.Last year, a Harvard University study found big _35_ in math and vocabulary in Boston after the program, where the preschool system spans 68 schools.“That you can develop high quality across 68 schools was not obvious,” says Harvard economist and education professor Richard Murnane, who was not _36_ in the study. “We can do better in preparing poor childre n for school, and it can be done at considerable _37_.”But not everyone is sold. Some preschool research shows academic gains disappearing by third grade. Critics say a program without staying power is hardly worth a big public _38_.“So we just don’t kno w about Boston, whether the _39_ effects that are talked about at the end of the pre-K year are going to be there at the end of first grade, second grade or third grade,” Whitehurst says. “Without knowing that, it’s hard to make a decision about whether th is is a great program that ought to be _40_ in other places.”But policymakers around the country aren’t waiting for a long-term study. They’re coming to Boston to see the preschool program up close.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.We have been putting smart women on the couch for 40 years without making full use of their talent. Today the portion of top jobs that go to women is still _41_ low. Why aren’t more women running things in America? It isn’t for lack of ambition or qualifications. The real _42_ to getting more women to the top is the difficult issue of time commitment: To day’s top jobs in major organizations _43_ 60-plus hours of work a week. Isn’t it too much?But for businesses and reformers are serious about making their companies _44_ for the large number of American talented women, here are three ways to handle it.Re-think time. We can break away from the belief that high-level work can be done only by people who work extra time. Maybe working time can be _45_ by setting the right amount of work that needs to get done. Senior roles should actually be easier to adapt in this way because highly paid people have the desire to give up some _46_ in order to work less.Availability matters. It’s important to differ between availability and absolute time commitment. Many professional women would _47_ agree to check email seven days a week and come to office, _48_, for intense project — so long as over the course of a year, the time devoted to work is more _49_. Managers need to know that 24/7 availability is not the same thing as a 24/7 workload.Quality is the goal, not quantity. Leaders need to create a _50_ in which talented people are judged not by the quantity of their work, but by the quality of their _51_. One who works 20 hours a week and who delivers exceptional results on a pro rata（摊派）basis should be qualified for _52_ and viewed as a top performer.“Devotion” may help talented women who can live with the way that top jobs require today —and if that’s their _53_, give more power to them. But only a small percentage of women will choose this route. Until the rest of us get serious about _54_ the present way that work gets done in American corporations, we can only complain about the _55_ of it all while changing almost nothing.41. A. shockingly B. possibly C. relatively D. consequently42. A. desire B. barrier C. challenge D. solution43. A. promise B. suggest C. track D. demand44. A. cautious B. careful C. nervous D. Hopeful45. A. shortened B. adjusted C. lengthened D. Unchanged46. A. time B. income C. freedom D. promotion47. A. happily B. reluctantly C. hesitantly D. rapidly48. A. if necessary B. when possible C. if convenient D. when likely49. A. expected B. limited C. paid D. excluded50. A. rule B. situation C. civilization D. culture51. A. duties B. contributions C. donations D. commitments52. A. managers B. supervisors C. promotions D. employments53. A. comprehension B. advantage C. principle D. choice54. A. altering B. considering C. setting D. fighting55. A. dream B. time C. injustice D. crueltySection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Even as a child, the best-known North American woman painter, Frida Kahlo exhibited an independent, rebellious spirit and lack of restraint (克制) that often got her into trouble.At the age of six, however, Frida’s life changed dramatically. She got polio and was confined to her bed for nine months. The disease left Frida’s right leg shorter and thinner than her left, and when she had recovered enough to return to school, she walked with a limp. She was often teased by her playmates, and although that was emotionally painful for her, she compensated by being outgoing and gained a reputation a s a “character”A turning point occurred in Frida’s life in September, when she was involved in a near-fatal accident. The bus in which she was riding home after school crashed into a trolley car. The impact caused a metal rail to break loose, piercing Frida’s entire body with the steel rod. The Red Cross doctors who arrived and examined the victims separated the injured from the dying, giving the injured first priority. They took one look at Frida and put her with the hopeless cases.The doctor eventually treated Frida, and miraculously she survived. She suffered a broken spine and two broken ribs. Her right leg was broken in 11 places, and her right foot was smashed. Her left shoulder was dislocated. From that point on, Frida Kahlo would never live a day without pain.Although Frida recovered enough to lead a fairly normal life, the accident had severe psychological and physical consequences. She had to abandon her plan to become a doctor. Her slowly healing body kept her in bed for months, and it was during this time that Frida began to paint. Some artists look to nature or society for their inspiration, but Fria Kahlo looked inward. After her accident, Frida described her pain in haunting, dreamlike self-portraits. Most of her 200 paintings explore her vision of herself. The Broken Column (1944), a small deer with Frida’s head and a body pierced with arrows runs through the woods.When she was in her forties, her health seriously declined, but Frida always kept her lively spirit. By then she was internationally known. When a Mexican gallery wanted to have a major exhibition of her work, she arranged to have her elaborately decorated, four-poster bed carried into the gallery so that she could receive people.56. Polio left Kahlo with a limp, and as a result she became ___________________.A. shy and withdrawnB. polite and gracefulC. friendly and unconventionalD. weak and straightforward57. Kahlo began to paint ___________________.A. when she was still a childB. after she suffered from polioC. after a serious traffic accident happenedD. while she was already in her forties58. Which of the following doesn’t describe Kahlo’s artwork?A. She painted many beautiful landscapes.B. She painted pictures showing pain and suffering.C. She often used herself as a subject for her work.D. She painted even when she was very ill.59. At the time of her death, Kahlo was ___________________.A. still an unknown artist.B. sorry she had taken up artC. not accepted as an accomplishedD. a famous North American woman artist(B)The National GalleryThe National Gallery displays one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of paintings in the Western European tradition. It includes many famous works, such as Botticelli’s Venus and Mars, Titan’s Bacchus and Ariadne, Caravaggio’s Supper at Emmaus and Monet’s The Water-Lily Pond. All major traditions of Western European painting are represented from the artists of the late medieval period and Renaissance to the French Impressionists.Become a MemberJoin today and enjoy free entry to exhibitions, exclusive events, special offers, and more. To join, visit/membership, call 020 7747 2850 or speak to our Visitor Engagement team.Support usIf you have enjoyed your visit, please make a donation in our visitor donation boxes, which can be found at all entrances. Donations from visitors make a real difference to the Gallery, helping to preserve and care for this unique collection. Thank you for you support.Visiting information Admission freeOpening hoursOpen daily 10am-6pm,Friday Lates 6-9pm. Closed 1 January, 24-26 December.Eat, drink and shopThe National Dining RoomsLevel 1, Sainsbury Wing EntranceOpen daily 10am-5pm,(8.30pm Fridays). Waiter service.The National CaféLevel 0, Getty EntranceMonday to Friday 8am-11pm,Saturday 10am-11pm,Sunday 10am-6pmSelf-service café and waiter-service brasserie.Free Wi-Fi Espresso BarOpen daily 10am-5.45pm,(8.45pm Fridays). Self-service.ShopsOpen daily 10am-5.45pm(8.45pm Fridays).Shop online at EventsFor information on events andprogrammes please consult the What’sOn guide located at the entrances or goto /events60. Where is the passage most probably from?A. A speech introducing the National Gallery.B. A thesis on western European art.C. A guide to the National Gallery.D. A newspaper article about collections in the gallery.61. What is the right unique to members of the National Gallery?A. Access to exclusive events and special offers.B. Admission free and free Wi-Fi.C. Free meals inside the National Gallery.D. No need to queue at all entrances.62. If you feel hungry when you visit the National Gallery at 7pm on Saturday, where can you gofor refreshment?A. Shops.B. The National Dining Rooms.C. Espresso Bar.D. The NationalCafé.(C)Beauty is big business in China. The country’s cosmetics market is worth $26 billion a year, making it the third-biggest in the world. Euromonitor, a research firm, believe it will grow 8% each year from now to 2017.It would seem surprising, then, that some of the world’s best-known brands are giving up on such an attractive market. This week L’Oreal of France, the world’s biggest cosmetics firm, said that it will stop selling its Garnier line of beauty products in China. This came on the heels of an announcement by Revlon, an American rival, that it would leave the country altogether.L’Oreal insists that this is not a step back from the Chinese market, of which it commands an 11% share, but rather a shift in strategy. It says it will henceforth concentrate on selling Chinese consumers it’s L’Oreal Paris and Maybelline New York lines. Revlon has done rather less well in China, which accounts for a tiny share of its global revenues. It is said to have suffered a big fall in sales in recent months and blames this on a slowing Chinese economy.A few years ago, when China’s annual GDP growth was in double digits and its consumers had barely begun to fill their repressed desire for foreign luxury, the firms that sold it set themselves ambitious targets. Now China is coming to resemble a more normal emerging market: still with much potential for growth, but with no guarantee that every fancy foreign product entering it will get a piece of the action. Consumers are becoming more sophisticated, and are increasingly unwilling to pay extra money for all but the very best brands.At the same time costs are high. Wages for “beauty assistants” and other saleswomen are rising at double-digit rates annually. Marketing in such a huge and diverse country, are complex. To cap it all, Chinese cosmetics firms are quickly catching up with the foreign ones.As the costs rise and the growth slows, L’Oreal and Revlon are unlikely to be the last foreign cosmetics firms to think again about their ambitions in China.63. Which statement is true about China’s cosmetics market?A. It is worth $26 million a year.B. It is growing at a rate of 8% each year.C. China’s domestic brands have defeated foreign brands overwhelmingly.D. China’s cosmetics market is the third-biggest in the world.64. The underlined phrase “came on the heels of” (Para.2) is closest in meaning to ____________.A. followedB. affected byC. caught up withD. was prior to65. Why did some world’s famous cosmetics brands change their strategy in China?A. Because L’Oreal commands a share of 11%, leaving little potential for other brands.B. The costs are high and China’s economic growth is slowing down.C. Chinese consumers began to fill their repressed desire for foreign luxury.D. There is limited potential for development in China’s cosmetics market.66. How will the author probably predict China’s future cosmetics market?A. It will grow at a rate of 8% each year from now to 2017.B. L’Oreal and Revlon will be the only two foreign brands to reconsider their ambitions in China.C. Foreign brands will face fierce competition with domestic brands.D. For all the challenges, foreign cosmetics firms are optimistic about their ambitions in China.Section DDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Sunlight is free, but that is no reason to waste it. Yet even the best silicon solar cells – by far the most common sort – convert only a quarter of the light that falls on them. Silicon has the merit of being cheap: manufacturing improvements have brought its price to a point where it is snapping at the heels of fossil fuels. 67. ______John Rogers, of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, is one. The cells he has devised can convert 42.5% of sunlight. 68. ______ Their secret is that they are actually not one cell, but four, stacked one on top of another.Solar cells are made of semiconductors, and every type of semiconductor has a property called a bank gap that is different from that of other semiconductors. 69. ______ It also fixes the maximum amount of energy that can be captured from shorter wavelength. The result is that long-wavelength photons are lost and short-wave ones incompletely utilized.70. ______ He chooses his materials so that the bottom of the band gap of the top layer matches the top of the band gap of the one underneath, and so on down the stack. Each layer thus chops off part of the spectrum, converts it efficiently into electrical energy and passes the rest on.The problem is that the materials needed to make these semiconductors are costly. But Dr Rogers has found a way to overcome this. Normal solar-cell modules are completely covered by semiconductor, but in his only 0.1% of the surface is so covered. The semiconducting stacks, each half a millimeter square, are scattered over that surface many dots. Each stack then has a pair of cheap glass lenses mounted over it. These focus the sun’s light onto the stack, meaning that all incident light meets a semiconductor.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Stress for a teenager is as real a problem as stress for an adult. Therefore, it’s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.Extra curricular activities(课外活动)such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child’s mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress gounrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自开业以来，上海迪斯尼乐园天天游人如织。

高三语法巩固提升（一）1. The farm as well as its neighboring hills we once spent so much time _____ on a new look as recently as last year.A. on has takenB. has takenC. on having takenD. having taken2. You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had _____ her children.A. brought upB. bring upC. bringing upD. to have brought up3. How do you enjoy _____ your weekends, fishing or watching TV？A. spendingB. to spendC. being spentD. spend4. They've kept up a friendship with the teacher whom they were at school _____ twenty years ago.A. withB. aboutC. sinceD. till5. —Where do you think _____ he _____ the computer？—Sorry, I have no idea.A. had；boughtB. has；boughtC. did；buyD. ／；bought6. Madame Curie, for _____ life had once been very hard, was successful later.A. whomB. whichC. whoseD. that7. Who would you rather _____ the report instead of you？A. have writtenB. have to writeC. writeD. have write8. Do you have any idea of the reason _____ he referred to？A. thatB. whereC. whyD. when9. He hid himself behind the door _____ he still could see what would happen to his classmates.A. thereB. whichC. from whichD. from where10. Mary didn't come to our party yesterday because she was busy preparing for the exam. We all felt sorry _____ her.A. ofB. forC. exceptD. besides答案与解题思路分析：一。

议论文作文议论文, 也称论说文, 是就某一观点或概念进行论证并得出合理结论的一种文体, 考查学生的语言水平和逻辑思维能力。

命题的方式主要有：提纲式(给出汉语提示, 要求学生论证)、图表式(给出图片或图表,要求学生先描写再分析论证)、情景式(给出情景, 要求学生描述分析)等。

论说文在结构上是由论点、论据和结论组成, 通常由引言段、中心段和结论段构成, 中心段可以由一至多个推展段组成。

引言段(Opening paragraph)说出文中的要点、核心问题—推展段(中心段/正文部分Body paragraphs)围绕主题开展叙述、讨论—结论段(结尾部分Concluding paragraph) 对全文的总结和概括。

论说文的类型通常有：观点对比型、问题解决型、道理/观点论证型、说明利弊型等, 各类型的论证方式有相异之处, 每一种类型都有相对固定的论证方式及句型。

（一）观点对比型此题型是通过就同一事件比较两个不同甚至对立的观点, 或就同一问题比较两种不同的选择方法来阐明自己的观点或选择的方法。

1. 写作结构指导引入部分陈述观点1部分 陈述观点2部分 “我的观点”部分 结论2. 常用句型引入部分： . has become a heated topic among people today. Opinions vary from person to person. . Nowadays, people are divided on the question about whether ....The issue of whether ... or not ... has been widely argued/debated currently..... is a common occurrence in our daily life, but different people hold different attitudes towards it.陈述观点1部分：.Some people suggest / think / maintain / hold the opinion that ....Some people prefer to think that .. ..Those who advocate / are in favor of ... believe that ....Those who criticize / object to / oppose ... maintain that ...陈述观点2部分：.However / Nevertheless / Yet, other people hold a different point of view. They insist that ....On the contrary / In contrast, there are still many people who do not agree, and they claim/argue/believe that ....On the other hand, not everyone shares the opinion.“我的观点”部分：.For my part /As to me /As far as I am concerned, I’d like to agree to the former / latter opinion..From my point of view, I am in favor of ... / I am on the side of ....In my opinion, both sides are partly right / there is some truth in both sides..To me / In case of me, I prefer .. . / the former opinion is more attractive in that ...结论部分In summary / Consequently / In conclusion / To sum up / All in all / In brief / In short ...3.模拟演练Recently I’ve conducted a survey concerning students’ school uniforms. People are divided into two sides on this question as the advantages and disadvantages of the issue are both obvious.Those who advocate the practice argue that as a tradition, wearing a uniform surely has some merits. To begin with, wearing the same clothes can avoid the comparing phenomenon, thusshaping students’ psychology in a healthy way. Besides , the school can also benefit from the convenience that uniforms bring in school management. In the meanwhile , those holding the opposite view maintain that the disadvantages of school uniforms can’t be ignored. The dull design and color of school uniforms makes students tired of wearing them all year round. As to me, I hold that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages . In the first place , the materials which some school uniforms are made of are often far from comfortable, which may cause physical suffering to students. To plus , the dull design and color is likely to have an adverse influence on the development of students’ taste of beauty. Last but not least , wearing school uniforms restricts students’ freedom and may act as a barrier to the development of their personalities. As a result, it may lead to, to be exaggerated, their lack of creativity.To put in a nutshell , we should relieve students of wearing school uniforms and let them have more space to develop themselves.（二） 问题解决型此题型是先指出某一问题或现象, 然后提出解决方法。

议论文作文议论文, 也称论说文, 是就某一观点或概念进行论证并得出合理结论的一种文体, 考查学生的语言水平和逻辑思维能力。

命题的方式主要有：提纲式(给出汉语提示, 要求学生论证)、图表式(给出图片或图表,要求学生先描写再分析论证)、情景式(给出情景, 要求学生描述分析)等。

论说文在结构上是由论点、论据和结论组成, 通常由引言段、中心段和结论段构成, 中心段可以由一至多个推展段组成。

引言段(Opening paragraph)说出文中的要点、核心问题—推展段(中心段/正文部分Body paragraphs)围绕主题开展叙述、讨论—结论段(结尾部分Concluding paragraph) 对全文的总结和概括。

论说文的类型通常有：观点对比型、问题解决型、道理/观点论证型、说明利弊型等, 各类型的论证方式有相异之处, 每一种类型都有相对固定的论证方式及句型。

（一）观点对比型此题型是通过就同一事件比较两个不同甚至对立的观点, 或就同一问题比较两种不同的选择方法来阐明自己的观点或选择的方法。

1. 写作结构指导引入部分陈述观点1部分 陈述观点2部分 “我的观点”部分 结论2. 常用句型引入部分： . has become a heated topic among people today. Opinions vary from person to person. . Nowadays, people are divided on the question about whether ....The issue of whether ... or not ... has been widely argued/debated currently..... is a common occurrence in our daily life, but different people hold different attitudes towards it.陈述观点1部分：.Some people suggest / think / maintain / hold the opinion that ....Some people prefer to think that .. ..Those who advocate / are in favor of ... believe that ....Those who criticize / object to / oppose ... maintain that ...陈述观点2部分：.However / Nevertheless / Yet, other people hold a different point of view. They insist that ....On the contrary / In contrast, there are still many people who do not agree, and they claim/argue/believe that ....On the other hand, not everyone shares the opinion.“我的观点”部分：.For my part /As to me /As far as I am concerned, I’d like to agree to the former / latter opinion..From my point of view, I am in favor of ... / I am on the side of ....In my opinion, both sides are partly right / there is some truth in both sides..To me / In case of me, I prefer .. . / the former opinion is more attractive in that ...结论部分In summary / Consequently / In conclusion / To sum up / All in all / In brief / In short ...3.模拟演练Recently I’ve conducted a survey concerning students’ school uniforms. People are divided into two sides on this question as the advantages and disadvantages of the issue are both obvious.Those who advocate the practice argue that as a tradition, wearing a uniform surely has some merits. To begin with, wearing the same clothes can avoid the comparing phenomenon, thusshaping students’ psychology in a healthy way. Besides , the school can also benefit from the convenience that uniforms bring in school management. In the meanwhile , those holding the opposite view maintain that the disadvantages of school uniforms can’t be ignored. The dull design and color of school uniforms makes students tired of wearing them all year round. As to me, I hold that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages . In the first place , the materials which some school uniforms are made of are often far from comfortable, which may cause physical suffering to students. To plus , the dull design and color is likely to have an adverse influence on the development of students’ taste of beauty. Last but not least , wearing school uniforms restricts students’ freedom and may act as a barrier to the development of their personalities. As a result, it may lead to, to be exaggerated, their lack of creativity.To put in a nutshell , we should relieve students of wearing school uniforms and let them have more space to develop themselves.（二） 问题解决型此题型是先指出某一问题或现象, 然后提出解决方法。

阅读理解-议论文类阅读巩固练习Passage 1Texas — US President George W Bush and Russian President Vladimir Putin failed to bridge their differences over a key arms control treaty last week, but that didn't stop them from backslapping as they ended a summit.The two leaders also offered differing interpretations of the fate of nuclear warheads to be removed from missiles under arms reductions they each announced last week. Bush said he intended to destroy the warheads, but Putin said their fate should be negotiated.The two men untied on the need for Northern Alliance forces—to allow for a broad based government that respects all parties there.Bush and Putin had spent the night at Bush's ranch. Despite the rain, the rural environment and friendly company appeared to have worked its magic. They slapped on the back and joked, at one point teasing each other about whether it is better to visit Texas in the heat of August or Siberia in winter.Analysts say the dramatic warming in US-Russian relation could herald an era of pragmatism in global affairs as the two old rivals finally end decades of hostility and become friends."Washington and Moscow are no longer playing the 'big game' against each other, but with each other," said Karl Heniz Kamp, an analyst at the Konrad Adenanaer Foundation, a German think tank.1.It can be concluded that President Bush and President Putin .A.didn't agree on key arms control treatyB.offered different explanations of the future of nuclear warheads under arms reductionsC.neither A or BD.bothAandB2.The reason why the two men joined together is that.A.they were needed by the Northern Alliance forcesB.they had taken the advice given by Karl Heniz Kamp, an analyst of German think tank.C.they had already been partnersD.they had no different opinions on everything3.The warming of US-Russian relations indicates that.A. the two persons end hostility and become friends can benefit a lot from global affairsC.there will be an end to all the armies of the worldD.it is a turning point to words being practical in global affairs4.What the two men teased about shows that .A.they appeared friendly but in fact they didn'tB.they just made fun of each otherC.they are friendly and humorousD.they invited each other to their countries in the bad weatherPassage 2Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A woman's place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are "dependents".The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women's domestic role. Informal distinctions between "women's work" and "men's work" in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differencesbetween the sexes require each to play sex defined roles in social life. There is ample evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that to exist are largely learned.But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.1.Women's place, some people think, is within the protective environment of the home becauseA.women can provide better care for the childrenB.women are too weak to do any agricultural work at allC.women are biologically suited to domestic jobsD.women can not compete with men in any field2.According to the author, sex roles.A.are socially determinedB.are emotionally and physically determinedC.can only be determined by what education people takeD.are biologically and psychologically determined3.The author points out that the assignments of women's roles in work.A.are determined by what they are better suited toB.grow out of their position inside the homeC.reflect a basic difference between men and womenD.are suitable to them, but not to men4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.The division of sex defined roles is completely unacceptable.B.Women's roles in Work are too limited at present.C.In one society, men might per form what is considered women's duties by another.D.Some of the women's roles in domestic duties can not be taken over by menPassage 3Teachers have long said that success is its own reward, But these days, some students are finding that good grades can bring them cash and luxury gifts.In at least a dozen states this school year, students who bring home top marks can expect more than just thankfulness.The most ambitious experiment began in September, when seven states—Arkansas. Alabama, Connecticut, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Virginia and Washington—won spots in an Mobil-funded program that, in most cases, pays students $100 for each passing grade on advanced placement (AP) college-prep exams.It’s an effort to get low—income and minority students interested in the courses, says Tommie Sue Anthony, president of the Arkansas Advanced Initiative for Math and Science. “We still have students who are not sure of the value, who are not willing to take the courses,” she says, “Probably the motivation will make a difference with those students.”Gregg Fleisher of the National Math and Science Initiative, which runs the seven-state program, says the effort is modeled on a program adopted by Dallas in the 1995-96 school year that saw AP course-taking jump obviously. That program is now statewide.While many educators would be against offering kids cash for good grades, Fleisher and others say the idea is simple: “It’s an encouragement to get them to basically make the right decision and choose a more strict class,” he says, “This teaches them that if they work at something very hard and have a lot of support, they can do something they didn’t think they could do.”An analysis of the Texas program last month by Cornell economist C.Kirabo Jackson found that it linked to a 30% rise in the number of students with high SAT and ACT scores and an 8% rise in college-going students.64．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．Success is its own reward B．Success makes a difference.C．Good grades deserve gratitude.D．A new motivation for students.65．What’s the purpose of the experiment?A．To get relatively poor students interested in their studies.B．To help poor students to keep on with education.C．To offer poor students luxury gifts on their birthdays.D．To make an effort to raise the value of money.66．What is the writer’s attitude toward offering kids cash for good grades?A．Favorable.B．Worried.C．Opposed.D．Confident.Keys: Passage 1. DA DC Passage 2 CABA Passage 3DAA。

完型填空（一）完型填空的特点完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。

上海高考完型主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。

其他偶尔有过渡词、介词短语、连词。

体裁上以议论文为主，说明文为辅。

题材上以思想、文化、商业、生活为主，同时涉及其他话题。

1.动词：动词的词义辨析。

形似、意近、根据语境辨析的。

包括动词词组。

2.名词：名词的词义辨析。

形似、意近、根据语境辨析的。

3.形容词：形容词的词义辨析。

形似、意近、根据语境辨析的。

4.副词：副词的词义辨析。

形似、意近、根据语境辨析的。

（二）完型解题步骤1 通览----速度全文，把握大意快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。

2 试填----紧扣文意，瞻前顾后先易后难，逐层深入。

紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。

3 复核----全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应（如果没时间浏览全文，那做题时也要读完一段再做这一段的题，不要看一题做一题。

）（三）解题技巧解题思路一：依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择。

首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。

它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。

把握了主题句, 对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。

①If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determinetheir meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.51.A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise②Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language解题思路二：仔细推敲, 注意逻辑关系和过渡词。

高一句子成分五大基本句型：英语中的句子千变万化，各不相同，但无论怎么复杂的句子都是由下列5种基本结构演化而成的。

(1)主+谓(SV)e．g．He left．他离开。

(2)主+系动词+表(SVP)e.g. H e was busy．他忙。

(3)主+谓十宾(SVO)e．g．She studies English．她学英语。

(4)主+谓+宾+补(SVOC)e．g．He painted the room blue．他把房间刷成蓝色。

(5)主+谓+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd)e．g．The waiter brought me a cup of tea．服务员给我端来一杯茶。

句子成分（主语、谓语、表语、宾语）学习1．主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。

The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. （动名词）To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）2．谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。

①简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.②复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。

如：We are students.3．表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

高中英语牛津上海版高中三年级第一学期语法巩固提升练习（一）（有答案）高三语法巩固提升（一）1. The farm as well as its neighboring hills we once spent so much time _____ on a new look as recently as last year.A. on has takenB. has takenC. on having takenD. having taken2. You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had _____ her children.A. brought upB. bring upC. bringing upD. to have brought up3. How do you enjoy _____ your weekends, fishing or watching TV？A. spendingB. to spendC. being spentD. spend4. They've kept up a friendship with the teacher whom they were at school _____ twenty years ago.A. withB. aboutC. sinceD. till5. —Where do you think _____ he _____ the computer？—Sorry, I have no idea.A. had；boughtB. has；boughtC. did；buyD. ／；bought6. Madame Curie, for _____ life had once been very hard, was successful later.A. whomB. whichC. whoseD. that7. Who would you rather _____ the report instead of you？A. have writtenB. have to writeC. writeD. have write8. Do you have any idea of the reason _____ he referred to？A. thatB. whereC. whyD. when9. He hid himself behind the door _____ he still could see what would happen to his classmates.A. thereB. whichC. from whichD. from where10. Mary didn't come to our party yesterday because she was busy preparing for the exam. We all felt sorry _____ her.A. ofB. forC. exceptD. besides答案与解题思路分析：一。

翻译1（一）翻译步骤1. 直译和意译直译和意译没有明确界限，往往是一句汉语整体可以直译，但局部（特别是成语和俗语）却要通过意译。

注意逻辑主语的变化。

1)他的话让我忍俊不禁。

I couldn’t help laughing at what he had said.2)那个国家又发生地震了。

Another earthquake broke out in that country.3)要注意的随词汇改变语序的词还有take place, happen, appear, exist, occur, spring up比如：It suddenly occurred to him that he had forgotten to take his driving license.Lots of bars have sprung up in the streets of Shanghai.4)你不可能独立完成任务。

It is impossible for you to complete the task alone.2. 适当加和减词1)我爸爸是老师，在重点中学教书。

My father is a teacher and teaches in a middle school.2)每天早晨妈妈是全家第一个起床的人。

Every morning Mum is the first to get up in the family.3)这是妈妈告诉我的。

This is what Mum told me.4)他虽然退休了，但仍然关心着公司的业务。

Though he has retired, he still cares about the company’s business.3. 语序的变化1.所有出席会议的人都拿到一张电影票。

All those present at the meeting got a film ticket.2.我认为你找不到你的自行车了。

长难句分析与阅读C篇（一）阅读理解长难句分析1. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.【词汇突破】the treasury secretary 财政部长（美）anecdote 轶闻，趣闻statistics 数据（还有一个我们不熟悉的意思：表格）picture 情况，事态，局面，状况，情形，形势【主干识别】There is a disjunction.【其他成分】as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says 插入语；between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics后置定语修饰a disjunction.【微观解析】between the mass of business anecdote and the picture; 为定语的主体部分；that points to a leap in productivity修饰anecdote；reflected by the statistics修饰statistics。

【难点揭秘】由于插入语的加入，造成了对主干是别的难度，尤其是在between… and…结构的识别中由于加入了定语从句使其难于理解。

【译文赏析】正如财长鲁宾所说，在表明生产力飞跃发展的商业佚事和数据所反映的情况之间存在着脱节。