动词时态,被动语态
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时态的公式
1.一般过去时:did
2.一般将来时:will+do/be going to+do
3.一般现在时:do/does
4.现在进行时;be+doing
5.现在完成时:have/has+done
6.现在完成进行时:have/has+been+doing
7.过去进行时:was/were+doing
8.过去完成时:had+done
9.过去完成进行时:had been+doing
10.将来进行时:will+be+doing
11.将来完成时:will+have+done
12.将来完成进行:will+have+been+doing
13.一般过去将来时:would+do或者was/were+going to+do
14.过去将来进行时:would+be+doing
15.过去将来完成时:would+have+done
16.过去将来完成进行时:would+have+been+doing
被动语态
1)一般现在时:am/is/are+done
2)一般过去时:was/were+done
3)一般将来时:will+be+done
4)过去将来时:would+be+done
5)现在进行时:am/is/are+being+done
6)过去进行时:was/were+being+done
7)将来进行式:will+be+being+done
8)现在完成时:have+has+been+done
9)过去完成时:had+been+done
10)将来完成时:will+have+been+done。
动词的语态和时态的区别与用法动词是语言中最重要的组成部分之一,它们描述了动作、状态或事件的发生和发展。
在语法中,动词分为不同的语态和时态,这些语态和时态有着不同的用法和含义。
本文将详细介绍动词的语态和时态的区别以及它们的正确用法。
一、动词的语态1. 主动语态主动语态是指主语是动作的执行者,它强调主体的主动性和行动能力。
在主动语态中,动词直接表示动作的发出。
举例:- The boy kicked the ball.(这个男孩踢了球。
)- She wrote a letter.(她写了一封信。
)- He paints a picture.(他正在画一幅画。
)2. 被动语态被动语态是指主语是动作的接受者或承受者,它强调动作对主体的影响或是由外界施加给主体。
在被动语态中,动词通常由 "be" 加以变化,并在后面加上动作的执行者。
举例:- The ball was kicked by the boy.(球被男孩踢了。
)- A letter was written by her.(一封信被她写了。
)- The picture is being painted by him.(这幅画正在被他画。
)被动语态多用于强调动作的接受者或者主体的无法执行动作的情况。
二、动词的时态1. 现在时现在时态用于表示目前正在进行或经常发生的动作、状态或事件。
举例:- I go to school every day.(我每天去学校。
)- She is reading a book now.(她现在在读一本书。
)- They often play football on weekends.(他们经常在周末踢足球。
)2. 过去时过去时态用于表示已经发生或已经结束的动作、状态或事件。
举例:- I went to the park yesterday.(我昨天去了公园。
)- He studied in the library for three hours.(他在图书馆学习了三个小时。
谓语动词的时态和语态:将来时,被动语态谓语动词是句子中的核心动词,它表达了动作、状态或存在。
时态和语态是谓语动词的两个重要方面。
在本文档中,我们将关注将来时和被动语态这两个主题。
将来时态将来时态用来表示将来发生的动作或状态。
在英语中,将来时态有不同的形式:will + 动词原形,be going to + 动词原形,以及一些其他的辅助动词结构。
1. 使用 will + 动词原形来表示将来时态:- 我将去市中心购物。
- I will go shopping in the city center.2. 使用 be going to + 动词原形来表示将来时态:- 我们明天将举办一个重要会议。
- We are going to hold an important meeting tomorrow.3. 其他辅助动词结构用来表示特定的将来动作或状态:- 我明天会正在吃午饭。
- I will be having lunch tomorrow.被动语态被动语态用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在被动语态中,谓语动词以一种形式变为动作的接受者。
被动语态的形式为:be + 过去分词。
1. 将主动语态转换为被动语态:- 主动语态:他吃了这个苹果。
- 被动语态:This apple has been eaten by him.2. 如果主动语态中有物主代词,需要将其作为被动语态的主语,并使用对应的被动语态动词形式:- 主动语态:我们修理了这辆车。
- 被动语态:This car was repaired by us.被动语态可以用来强调行为的接受者,或者在不知道或不关心动作执行者时使用。
总结谓语动词的时态和语态在句子中起着重要的作用。
将来时态用于表示将来发生的动作或状态,可以使用 will + 动词原形、be going to + 动词原形或其他辅助动词结构。
被动语态用于强调动作的接受者,可以通过将主动语态动词转换为 be + 过去分词的形式来表达。
初中动词的时态与语态动词是语言中最基本的词类之一,它用来表达动作、状态和行为。
在英语中,动词的时态和语态是非常重要的语法概念。
掌握动词的时态和语态对于我们正确使用动词、准确表达意思至关重要。
本文将对初中动词的时态和语态进行详细介绍。
一、动词的时态时态是指动词所表示动作、状态或者事实发生的时间。
英语中常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等多种时态。
1. 一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)一般现在时表示经常性或者客观事实,常用来表达日常的习惯、科学事实、真理等等。
它的基本构成为主语 + 动词原形。
例如:- They play basketball every Sunday.(他们每周日打篮球。
)- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.(水在100摄氏度沸腾。
)2. 一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者状态,常用于叙述过去的经历或者事件。
它的基本构成为主语 + 动词过去式。
例如:- I visited my grandparents last weekend.(我上个周末去看望了我的祖父母。
)- She didn't go to school yesterday.(她昨天没有去上学。
)3. 一般将来时(Simple Future Tense)一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或者状态,常用于表达计划、打算、预测等等。
它的基本构成为主语 + will + 动词原形。
例如:- We will have a party next Friday.(我们下周五要举办一个聚会。
)- She won't come to the meeting tomorrow.(她明天不会来参加会议。
)4. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)现在进行时表示正在进行的动作,通常用于描述当前正在发生的事情。
第七讲动词的时态和被动语态一、动词的时态概述时态(tense)是一种语法范畴,是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。
动词的“时”是指动词所指的动作发生的时间区别,它与日常生活中人们的“时间”观念既有联系,又不完全等同。
动词的“态”是指动词所指动作或过程所处的状态。
时间有四个主要部分,即:现在、过去、将来。
动作方面也有四种,即一般、完成、进行和完成进行。
将这些“时”和“态”的形式组合在一起,就构成了以下十六种英语时诚,以动词do 为例列表如下:在实际应用中,最为常用的时态有五种:一般现在时、现在进行时,现在完成时、一般过去时和一般将来时。
其次较为常用的时态还有过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时和现在完成进行时等。
二、十种常用时态的基本用法1. 一般现在时一般现在时(the present tense)指未与进行体或完成体等相结合的现在时动词形式。
其动词的现在时与原形同形。
当主语为第三人称单数时,须在词尾加-s或-es。
具体变化规则是:1)大多数动词之后直接加-s。
如:laugh → laughs work → works drop → drops (-s在清辅音后读[s])gather → gathers play → plays dream → dreams(-s在浊辅音和元音后读[z])let → lets stand→stands (-s在t后与之一起读[ts], 在-d后与之一起读[dz])2) 以字母o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词,后面加-es。
如:do → does miss → misses mix→ mixes touch → toucheswash → washes catch → catches (-es在o后读[z],其余的读[iz])3)在辅音字母+y结尾的单词后,去y再加-ies。
如dry → dries try → tries beautify → beautifies (-es读[z])4) 动词have 的第三人称单数为has。
中考英语各种时态的被动语态举例知识点总结各种时态的被动语态举例一般地讲,被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。
为了能准确地运用被动语态,重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。
各种时态的被动语态举例如下:1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built in 1928.3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.5、一般将来时的被动语态:(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.Some new factories will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词(2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .9、含情态动词的被动式:can/may/must + be + done例如:He can not be found. / I must be paid for this.。
动词的语态:主动语态和被动语态被动语态的基本结构:Be + done(过去分词)1、一般现在时:(主动语态)I help you.发出者动词承受者变为被动语态:Do——am/is/are doneYou are helped by me.承受者谓语发出者2、一般过去时的被动:did——was/were done(I helped you.-每个例子可让学生自己先尝试变被动,再给答案)3、一般将来时的被动:Will do——will be done(I will help you.-)4、现在进行时的被动:Am/is/are doing ——Am/is/are being done(I am helping you.-)5、过去进行时的被动:Was/were doing——Was/were being done(I was helping you.-)6、现在完成时的被动:Have done——have been done (I have helped you.-)7、过去完成时的被动:Had done——had been done (I had helped you.-)8、过去将来时的被动:Would do ——would be done (I would help you.-)答案:2、You were helped by me.3、You will be helped by me.4、You are being helped by me.5、You were being helped by me.6、You have been helped by me.7、You had been helped by me.8、You would be helped by me.。
英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句英语的16种时态,及其动语态(be + V过去分词)。
第一句是主动语态,第二三句是被动。
1 一般现在时用动词原形I often watch TV.TV is often watched by me.2 一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now.TV was watched by me just now.3 现在进行时 be + vingI am watching TV.TV is being watched by me.4 过去进行时 was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.TV was being watched by me when you came in. (注意点跟第3句相同) be going to + 动词原形 5 一般将来时 will + 动词原形或I will go to the zoo on Sunday.The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)6 过去将来时 would + 动词原形或 was/were going to + 动词原形Yesterday he told me he would go to the zoo next Sunday.Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里的would可以用 was going to 代替)7 现在完成时 have/has + v过去分词I have finished my homework.My homework has been finished by me. (注意这里,have变成has因为第三人称单数。
动词时态,被动语态一、一般现在时1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言,目前的特征、状态、能力等。
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
如:I’ll go there after I finish my work./ If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there.3.在以here,there开头的句子里,go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
例如:There goes the bell.铃响了。
There comes the bus.汽车来了。
Here she comes.她来了。
4.表示按规‘时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。
如火车的发车和抵达、飞机的起飞和降落、轮船的起锚和到岸等。
Flight 505A takes off 10:55. Passengers get ready and enter at gate 5.二、现在进行时1.表示正在进行的动作。
2.“be+动词的-ing形式”,表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
这样的动词不多,通常是arrive,begin,come,do,drive,fly,go,leave,stay等表示位置转移的动词。
这种用法比较生动,给人以期待感。
例如:She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。
My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
3.代替一般现在时,描绘更加生动。
例如:The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。
The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
4.大多数动词可用于进行时,但也有些动词不用于进行时。
常见的有:exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget, believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。
三、现在完成时1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,或说话时已完成的动作。
例如:I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.2.表示从过去开始,待续到现在的动作或状态,往往和“for…”, “since…”表述的一段时间状语连用。
例如:He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:1)用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作,现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果,而一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态,和现在关系不大。
例如:She has cleaned the room.It s very clean now.(此句has cleaned就不能改为cleaned.一是因为cleaned与现状无关,二是因为一般过去时不可突然跳到It s…这样的一般现在时。
)2)汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达,如:I have seen that film.(我看过那部电影了。
)但是如果是在特定的过去时间“看了”、“做过”,就不可用完成时而必须用一般过去进来表达。
例如:When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影?我昨天看的。
)不能说:When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.4.表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone to”.例如:——Where is Li Hua? -He has gone to the reading-room.——She knows a lot about Shanghai.-She has been there.5.短暂动词(即瞬间动词),join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,break out等,在完成时态中,其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如不能说:He has finished the work for three hours.要翻译“他已完成工作三小时了。
”可采用1)“ago法”:He finished the work three hours ago.2)“延续法”:He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3)“since法”:It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.2.凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。
四、一般过去时表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况,或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。
A:两者都可以表示过去发生多的动作,但前者表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响,而后者则只是表示过去的动作对现在的影响,而后者则只是表示过去的有这一动作的事实。
试比较:He locked the door.He has locked the door.Who turned on the light?Who has turned on the light?B:两者都可以表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作,现在完成时表示该动作仍在继续。
而一般过去时则说明该动作现已终止。
试比较:He has lived in Beijing for four years.He lived in Beijing for four years.五、现在完成进行时1.用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(或今后还要继续一去)的动作。
例如:He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.六、过去进行时1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间须用时间状语表示)。
例如:He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。
例如:They were still working when I left.3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。
例如:I was writing while he was watching TV.4.表示过去将来动作。
例如:He said she was arriving the next day.七、过去完成时1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。
例如:He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.2.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成,甚至还要继续下去。
例如:At the age of ten, he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。
例如:We had expected that you would be able to win the match.八、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况。
有下列一些形式:1.will/shall do (侧重将来行为,不突出计划安排去做某事)2.be going to do (主观上打算或客观上可能发生)3.be doing (按计划将要发生,常和表示最近的将来时间连用)4.be about to do (按计划即将发生)九、将来完成时用来表示在将来某个时刻(前)将完成的动作。
常和by短语,when,before引起的时间状语连用。
例如:We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.时态考点分析1.——Can I join your club,dad?——You can when you______a bit older. (NMET)A.getB.will getC.are gettingD.will have got析:“You can”是将来意,when引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表将来所以此题答案为A.2.——Oh,it’s you!I______you.——I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.A.didn’t recognizeB.hadn’t recognizedC.haven’t recognizedD.don’t recongnize析:从“Oh,it’s you!”可知说话时已认出对方。
“没有认出”是在此之前为过去情况,所以应选A.3.I don’t think Jim saw me;he______into space. (NMET)A.just staredB.was just staringC.has just staredD.had just stared析:在空白处应选一个与“saw”相配,能解释Jim didn’t see me 这一原因的选项,只有着眼于A、B。
若选A不能体观他“当时正在做”某事,故排除A而选B。
这样因为“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。
4.——______my glasses?——Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago. (NMET)A.Do you seeB.Had you seenC.Would you seeD.Have you seen析:现在完成时可表过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果,问话人以这样的时态发问可作现焦急的心情。