Cambridge 4 Listening

[al:全新版大学英语（第二版）听说教程4][ti:Unit1 PartB][ar:上海外语教育出版社][by:上海外语教育出版社][00:00.00]Unit 1 One World[00:06.44]Part B[00:08.41]Listening Tasks[00:10.35]A Conversation[00:13.56]Birthday Celebrations Around the World[00:19.38]Exercise 1[00:21.83]Listen to the conversation and write down answers to the questions you hear. [00:28.42]Chairman: Welcome to this special birthday edition of One World.[00:32.21]Tonight we have a special program dedicated to birthday celebrations[00:36.50]around the world.[00:38.40]With us in the studio we have Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane,[00:43.10]who have a weekly column on birthdays in the Toronto Daily Star.[00:48.70]Shaheen: Good evening.[00:49.83]Pat: Good evening.[00:51.16]Chairman: Shaheen, perhaps we could begin with you.[00:54.14]How are birthdays celebrated in India?[00:57.75]Shaheen: Well, perhaps we're all assuming that[01:00.02]everyone in the world celebrates their birthday.[01:03.25]This just isn't the case.[01:05.33]Low-income families in India, for instance,[01:07.95]simply can't afford any festivities.[01:11.11]And most Muslims don't celebrate their birthdays.[01:14.40]Pat: I think Shaheen has raised an interesting point here.[01:17.70]The Christian church, too, was actively against celebrating birthdays.[01:22.76]Shaheen: Of course some Muslims do celebrate their birthdays.[01:26.28]In Egypt, Turkey and Indonesia,[01:29.05]for example, the rich people invite friends and families around.[01:33.16]But not in small villages.[01:36.05]Chairman: Here in England your twenty-first used to be the big one.[01:39.88]But now it seems to have moved to eighteen.[01:42.62]Is that true?[01:43.80]Pat: Yes, in most parts of the West eighteen is now the most important birthday. [01:48.94]In Finland, for example, eighteen is the age when you can vote,[01:53.62]you know, or buy wines, drive a car and so on.[01:57.59]But in Japan I think you have to wait till you're twenty[02:00.70]before you can smoke or drink.[02:03.95]Shaheen: I know in Senegal, which is another Muslim country,[02:07.47]girls get to vote at sixteen and boys at eighteen.[02:11.58]And in Bangladesh, girls at eighteen and boys at twenty-one.[02:16.64]Chairman: That's interesting.[02:17.95]I mean is it typical that around the world girls[02:21.03]are considered to be more mature than boys?[02:24.46]Shaheen: Yes, I think so, and in Mexico and Argentina,[02:28.59]for example, they have enormous parties for fifteen-year-old girls.[02:32.83]Pat: You know in Norway they have a great party[02:35.50]for anyone who's not married by the time they're thirty.[02:38.66]It's kind of embarrassing.[02:40.27]I mean you get pepper thrown at you.[02:42.71]Chairman: Pepper? Why pepper?[02:45.01]Pat: I'm not really sure.[02:46.91]Shaheen: So does that mean that on your twenty-ninth birthday[02:49.50]you can start thinking "God I better get married"?[02:52.66]Pat: Well, I'm not sure how seriously they take it.[02:55.69]Chairman: In England we have quite big parties for your fortieth, fiftieth, [03:00.06]sixtieth and so on.[03:02.32]Pat: Well, in Japan your eighty-eighth is considered ...[03:05.44]Chairman: Eighty-eighth?[03:06.61]Pat: ... to be the luckiest birthday.[03:07.92]Eight is a very lucky number in Japan.[03:13.43]Questions[03:15.91]1. What is One World?[03:21.15]2. What is the topic of the program?[03:27.06]3. What do Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane do?[03:33.65]4. Why don't some people in India celebrate their birthdays?[03:41.54]5. Why is the eighteenth birthday so important in Finland?[03:48.25]6. Why can girls in some countries get to vote at an earlier age than boys? [03:57.40]7. Which of the countries mentioned in the conversation are Muslim countries? [04:06.09]Exercise 2[04:07.58]Listen to the conversation again and decide if each of the statements you hear [04:11.82]is true (T) or false (F).[04:18.56]Chairman: Welcome to this special birthday edition of One World.[04:22.35]Tonight we have a special program dedicated to birthday celebrations[04:26.60]around the world.[04:28.45]With us in the studio we have Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane,[04:33.17]who have a weekly column on birthdays in the Toronto Daily Star.[04:39.58]Shaheen: Good evening.[04:40.58]Pat: Good evening.[04:41.75]Chairman: Shaheen, perhaps we could begin with you.[04:44.96]How are birthdays celebrated in India?[04:47.62]Shaheen: Well, perhaps we're all assuming that[04:50.83]everyone in the world celebrates their birthday.[04:54.08]This just isn't the case.[04:56.15]Low-income families in India, for instance,[04:58.82]simply can't afford any festivities.[05:01.84]And most Muslims don't celebrate their birthdays.[05:05.36]Pat: I think Shaheen has raised an interesting point here.[05:08.47]The Christian church, too, was actively against celebrating birthdays.[05:13.39]Shaheen: Of course some Muslims do celebrate their birthdays.[05:17.05]In Egypt, Turkey and Indonesia,[05:19.68]for example, the rich people invite friends and families around.[05:23.88]But not in small villages.[05:26.88]Chairman: Here in England your twenty-first used to be the big one.[05:30.58]But now it seems to have moved to eighteen.[05:33.47]Is that true?[05:34.56]Pat: Yes, in most parts of the West eighteen is now the most important birthday. [05:39.79]In Finland, for example, eighteen is the age when you can vote,[05:44.56]you know, or buy wines, drive a car and so on.[05:48.30]But in Japan I think you have to wait till you're twenty[05:51.60]before you can smoke or drink.[05:54.71]Shaheen: I know in Senegal, which is another Muslim country,[05:58.14]girls get to vote at sixteen and boys at eighteen.[06:02.16]And in Bangladesh, girls at eighteen and boys at twenty-one.[06:06.98]Chairman: That's interesting.[06:09.02]I mean is it typical that around the world girls[06:11.95]are considered to be more mature than boys?[06:15.56]Shaheen: Yes, I think so, and in Mexico and Argentina,[06:19.33]for example, they have enormous parties for fifteen-year-old girls.[06:23.98]Pat: You know in Norway they have a great party[06:26.53]for anyone who's not married by the time they're thirty.[06:29.37]It's kind of embarrassing.[06:31.36]I mean you get pepper thrown at you.[06:33.80]Chairman: Pepper? Why pepper?[06:36.15]Pat: I'm not really sure.[06:37.95]Shaheen: So does that mean that on your twenty-ninth birthday[06:40.57]you can start thinking "God I better get married"?[06:43.75]Pat: Well, I'm not sure how seriously they take it.[06:46.64]Chairman: In England we have quite big parties for your fortieth, fiftieth, [06:51.29]sixtieth and so on.[06:53.41]Pat: Well, in Japan your eighty-eighth is considered ...[06:56.62]Chairman: Eighty-eighth?[06:57.91]Pat: ... to be the luckiest birthday.[06:59.21]Eight is a very lucky number in Japan.[07:04.63]Statements[07:07.16]1. The program is broadcast in Canada every day.[07:14.11]2. People everywhere in the world celebrate their birthdays.[07:21.08]3. Many Muslims do not celebrate their birthdays for religious reasons.[07:29.11]4. In England, the twenty-first birthday is very important,[07:34.34]which is unusual in the West.[07:38.41]5. The twenty-first birthday is very important in Japan.[07:45.13]6. In Norway, young men and women usually get married[07:49.89]before thirty to avoid having pepper thrown at them.[07:55.67]7. Eighteen is a very lucky number in Japan.[08:02.03]8. It can be concluded that our world is made more colorful[08:07.00]by the many different ways birthdays are observed in different countries. [08:14.17]Speaking Tasks[08:17.46]Pair Work[08:19.45]A. Reflections on the text[08:23.78]You have just heard a program about birthday celebrations around the world. [08:28.39]What do you think of the celebrations?[08:31.45]Why is it that some people do not celebrate their birthdays?[08:35.87]What does your birthday mean to you?[08:38.31]Exchange views with your partner.[08:41.06]You may mention the following points in your discussion.[08:44.95]○what birthdays mean to you[08:48.06]○how birthdays are observed around the world[08:51.94]○why some people don't celebrate their birthdays[08:56.57]B. Picture talk — Talking about wedding customs[09:01.90]A Sample[09:03.75]Most people in the world hold a wedding ceremony when they get married. [09:08.40]However, like birthday celebrations,[09:11.11]wedding celebrations are conducted in different ways,[09:14.61]depending on where you live, which religion you believe in,[09:18.31]and how good is your financial situation.[09:21.74]The following are three groups of pictures showing three wedding ceremonies [09:25.62]held in different places and at different times.[09:30.36]Give a brief description of each picture[09:32.88]and then make a comparison between the three weddings.[09:38.67]Possible Description (for reference)[09:42.42]Pictures (a) — (c) show a typical wedding ceremony held in a church[09:47.43]in a Western country.[09:49.60]In the first picture, the bride is seen walking down the aisle,[09:53.66]leaning on her father's arm.[09:56.01]She is wearing a white wedding gown[09:58.18]and holding a bouquet of flowers in her right hand.[10:01.92]All eyes turn to her as she slowly moves forward to[10:05.45]take her place beside the bridegroom in front of the clergyman.[10:10.53]In Picture (b) we can see the clergyman presiding over the wedding ceremony. [10:16.17]He is asking the bride and the bridegroom the usual questions[10:19.87]on such an occasion.[10:22.04]In Picture (c) the parents of the bride[10:25.02]and the bridegroom are giving a large party in a garden.[10:28.99]Guests arrive in formal evening dress.[10:32.30]There is music and dancing.[10:36.54]Pictures (d) — (e) present a traditional Chinese wedding held at home.[10:41.95]In Picture (d), we can see a hall thronged with people.[10:46.20]There are red lanterns hanging on both sides of the hall.[10:50.38]On the lanterns are written the Chinese character "double happiness".[10:54.80]In Picture (e) we can see the bridegroom's parents seated in high-backed chairs. [11:01.15]The bride and bridegroom are bowing to them.[11:04.44]The bridegroom in his long gown looks very respectful.[11:08.78]The bride is dressed in bright red[11:11.03]but we can't see her face since it is covered with a piece of red cloth.[11:16.04]Along the two sides of the wedding hall stand the family members,[11:19.61]relatives and friends.[11:22.73]Pictures (f) — (h) show a wedding banquet held in a big restaurant in China. [11:28.41]In Picture (f), we can see the bride[11:31.30]and the bridegroom standing at the entrance greeting the guests.[11:35.64]The bride wears a long white dress, and the bridegroom is in a tuxedo.[11:41.23]In Picture (g), we find ourselves in a large banquet hall,[11:45.73]decorated with the cheerful colors of a wedding party.[11:49.25]About a hundred guests are seated around tables that[11:52.41]are graced with all kinds of delicious food and drinks.[11:56.07]The host, who is the father of the bridegroom, is making a speech,[12:00.40]expressing his thanks to the guests for coming to his son's wedding.[12:05.41]In Picture (h) the bride has changed to a traditional Chinese red gown, or qipao, [12:11.91]which is elegantly cut and shows her fine figure.[12:15.75]She and the bridegroom are going round the tables,[12:18.73]exchanging toasts and sharing a joyful moment with the guests.[12:25.86]Comparing[12:27.48]From the pictures, we can see that a wedding is an important event[12:31.39]everywhere in the world.[12:33.69]It has been so in China, for example,[12:36.26]from the old days to the present and the same holds true in Western countries. [12:41.73]As a rule, there is a big ceremony,[12:44.79]attended by family members, relatives and friends,[12:48.64]who have come to share the joy of this special occasion[12:51.79]in the lives of two people in love.[12:54.82]Food is plentiful and laughter fills the air.[12:58.66]To all those present, the ceremony is both sacred and joyous.[13:03.80]However, while sacredness and joy are the spirit of all weddings,[13:08.23]the way people observe the occasion varies from place to place[13:12.11]and changes over time.[13:14.16]This is reflected in various respects.[13:17.10]First, in Western countries,[13:18.95]many people get married in a church while in China this is rare.[13:24.09]Second, Western people often choose a scenic spot to hold wedding parties[13:29.11]whereas most people in China give their wedding parties either at home [13:33.58]or in a restaurant.[13:35.83]Third, in Western countries, the color of the bride's dress is white, [13:40.69]which is a symbol of purity, while in China, traditionally,[13:44.75]the color of the bride's dress is red, which is a symbol of happiness. [13:49.13]***** ***** ***** *****[13:51.25]Now use the above sample as your model[13:54.36]and carry on similar activities with your partner[13:57.16]according to the pictures given below.。

亲爱的读者们：由于工作的原因，需要《剑桥国际英语教程4》（Passage 4）的听力原稿。

在网络上搜索到一些，但是它们有一些小错误，并且缺失几个单元的听力原稿。

已经整理教材CD-A中的听力原稿，CD-B的听力原稿会在接下来的日子里上传。

由于时间仓促，且笔者的水平有限，难免会有错误和遗漏。

请发送私信，我会予以修正，以方便后续的读者。

想出来的智慧2018年1月10日Unit 1Luis: Well, I guess the biggest change in my life over the last five years is that I got married. I used to be single, and now I’m not! I used to enjoy going out with friends every weekend- you know I was a lot more sociable. Now a more of own body, I liked to stay at home, watch TV- that kind of thing. It’s not so bad. I guess you could say that I grew up- I was tired of going out all the time and ready to settle down and start a family.Celine: For me the change has been with my work. I used to work in a large company. I worked in their corporate headquarters downtown in the accounting department. It was a great job- good money, decent benefits. When I first started at that company, I was very young and very ambitions. But after a while, I got tired of it. I was so unhappy there, and the commute was killing me! But one evening two years ago, I attended a seminar on working for yourself-you know, being self-employed and starting your own company. So I quit my job and gave it a try. It was scary at first, but after a little while I could see it was going to work out just fine for me. I couldn’t be happier.Diana: Gosh, five years ago I was a completely different person. You wouldn’t have recognized me if you’d seen me then! I talk a lot now, but I was more reserved then. And I hardly exercised at all. I never played any sports and rarely spent time outside. I was in terrible shape and worried about my health. But all that changed when I met my friend Judy. See, she convinced me to start slowly, you know, by walking every morning before work and swimming twice a week. Well, now I spend most of my free time outside- hiking, swimming when the weather’s good, playing tennis or racquetball- those kinds of things. I’m in pretty good shape now and feeling wonderful.Luis: Well, my wife is always saying that I’m not very good with money, not practical at all. She’s always teasing me about spending habits, but she’s right. When I see something I want, I just go and buy it, even if it is something I don’t really need. I guess I waste a lot of our money. We’re expecting our first child in December, and now that there’s going to be three of us, well , I think I do need to be more careful.Celine: working at home has been a real struggle. It’s been a lot harder th an I imagined. I need to be more organized, that’s for sure. So, I ’ve decide to hire at a part-time secretary- you know, someone who can come in couple of times a week and help out with me phones, the filing, and just clean up in general. I’m so busy that sometimes I kind of let things get out of hand- the office gets really messy! I sure could use some help. Diana: Well, I started mountain climbing a year and a half ago, and I just love it. Well, the next step for me is to concentrate on that sport and se e where I can go with it. I’d love to someday- say, five or ten years from now- go mountain climbing in the Himalayas. They have some of the highest and most beautiful mountains in the world. That would be a real adventure! But before I do anything like that, I have to practice, practice, practice! And I have to get stronger –mentally as well as physically.Paul: So, Andrea, you going home for the holidays?Andrea: I sure am. I’ve booked a fight for tomorrow afternoon and I can’t wait!Paul: That sounds great.Andrea: What about you? Going home, too?Paul: I haven’t decide d yet. I ‘m still debating…Andrea: Haven’t decide? Oh, you’re never going to get a flight out of there. I’m sure all the seats have been reserved by now. It’s the holiday season, after all!Paul: Well, it’s not such a big deal for me. My family only lives about a hundred and fifty miles from here. I usually drive or take the train. It’s a short trip.Andrea: You don’t sound very excited about it.Paul: Well, we are not really a very close-knit family. I have three brothers, and they’re spread out all over the place. One lives on the East Coast and the other on the West Coast. I even have a brother in Montreal! Andrea: oh, wow! What does he do?Paul: Translation work! It’s kind of strange, but we rarely get together as family anymore.Andrea: Well, I try to get home as much as possible. We’re a big family- there are six of us children- so it’s always a lot of fun.Paul: Six kids?Andrea: Yep! And we’re all really close. You should see it- most of us are married, too, so it makes for a very crowded house over the holidays.Paul: I can imagine.Andrea: O f course. There are too many people to cook dinner for. It’s a real headache for my parents. So we end up going out to dinner a lot. It’s pret ty crazy.Paul: Well, at my house my mother loves to cook. So, when all of us do get home- which isn’t that often- she always cooks big, homemade meals. We have leftovers for days!Unit 2 Carol: Well, I went away to college when I was seventeen. I’d never lived away from my parents before, and I was really looking forward to it. But I was also scared because I was leaving my friends behind, and I didn’t know anyone when I first arrived. I lived in a really big dormitory and shared a room with two other girls. I guess the thing I learned the most was how to get along with other- you know, how to respect other people’s opinions and property- stuff like that. At home I’d always had my own room. This was the first time I’d had to live with other people in the same room.We were all really different-I mean, our personalities and lifestyles were completely opposite in some ways! Anyway, at first it really caused problems, but we learned how to get along living in those tight quarters. Three seventeen-year-olds living in one room- can you imagine? I’m surprised we survived it at all.Michael: I think, for myself, the hardest thing was learning how to manage my owe time better. I used to stay up late watching TV a lot, didn’t eat well, often went to class unprepare d, and things liked that. My grades were really suffering, and I could hardly keep my eyes open in class! It was a drag! Somehow, midway through the semester, I changed and started to do well.Organizing my time was a real challenge. In high school, I did n’t have to worry- I had the same schedule every day, and at night my parents were pushing me to study. But it’s different when you go away to college. You have to learn to take responsibility for your actions. No one is going to tell you what to do. You have to figure it out yourself.Frank: I’m having some trouble with chemistry this year. It’s hard. The teacher acts like we’re so smart- that we ought to have no trouble learning it. I find the textbook confusing, and then I get discouraged. Well, some of us got together and formed a study group. It seems to work ok most of the time- we compare notes and then go over the discussion questions in each chapter. The only problem is that sometimes one of my friends will come to the study group unprepared. He’ll forget his notes or he won’t have read the book beforehand. That really bothers me and I guess those guys who don’t prepare are going to have hard time on the final exam.Regina: I’m trying to learn this new computer program at school. It’s kind of embarrassing- most of the other kids have already picked it up, and I just can’t get it. There’s this software manual at school- I borrowed the book and took it home to read, but it didn’t seem to help. There was simply too much information for me to remember. My problem is that I don’t have enough time to sit down and learn it properly. I’m not sure that what to do next.Sonia: I’m going to France next summer, so I want to learn as much French as I can. So, I started taking a French class at the local community center. Well, the great thing is the class is free. The problem is it’s not very easy. Well, you see, it’s supposed to be beginning –level class- no way! I’m telling you, most of the person in there- they already knew how to speak French when they started the class. They can say basic conversational phrases, and they know how to pronounce the words. I am complete beginner! I did not know one word of French when I started this class! So I always feel lost- even from day one, I had no idea what was going on. Now, the teacher is nice, but he’s not very good! He gets off the topic, and he’ll get stuck on some tiny, little point for like half an hour at a time. But I really shoul dn’t complain because after all, this class is free!Unit 3Andy: Well, this is Andy Wong, and we’re just about at the end of another episode of “Where in the world…?” But before we sign off, I’d like to tell you a little about tomorrow’s program. Tomorrow we have a very interesting report on two very exciting cities that I’m sure you won’t want to miss. Our reporters in the field, Deborah and Todd, are standing by to fill us in on the details. Deborah! Can you hear me?Deborah: Yes, Andy, loud and clear.Andy: Well, where are you?Deborah: You know I can’t tell you that, Andy! You have to watch tomorrow’s program to get the answer.Andy: oh, right! That’s right. Well, tell us about the place anyway.Deborah: ok. This city is a very exciting place to visit. First of all, it is one of the ten largest metropolitan areas in the world. It is a very cosmopolitan city with a strong identity of its own. And the local food is unique. I really am enjoying the restaurants that serve barbecued beef, which is grilled right at your table. But I must warn you, much of the food is extremely spicy, so come prepared. Do you like spicy food, Andy?Andy: Love it!Deborah: Well, you should come on over, then! Andy, this city is very old! It was founded in the fourteenth century and is divided by the Han River. The city has a striking combination of modern and ancient architecture. In fact, most of the traditional architecture is located on the northern side of the river- when I am now. With its efficient subway syst em, it’s very easy to get around and see the sights.Andy: Great, Deborah. Thanks so much for…Deborah: oh, wait, Andy! One more thing I forgot to mention! The shopping- the street vendors here sell everything from shoes to electronics to furniture- all at discounted prices! Oops, have I said too much?Andy: No, no, not at all! Sounds like you’re having a fantastic time. We’re looking forward to hearing your full report tomorrow, and finding out just where in the world you are right now! Before we run out of time, though, let me turn it over to Todd. Todd? Are you there?Todd: I sure am. Hello, everyone. Well, my city is very old. It was founded in fifteen forty-nine by the Portuguese. It is now the third largest city in the country, with about two milli on inhabitants. It’s quite fascinating. Believe it or not, it’s built into a cliff, and it overlooks a beautiful bay. It’s actually on two levels. To get to the upper level you can take an elevator. From there you have a wonderful view of the bay. And if you enjoy swimming, there are beautiful beaches.Andy: well, Todd! I guess we know where you’re been the last few days! On the beach!Todd: Well, not exactly! Andy. There’s so much to see and do here. By the way, this city also has a strong African influence: you can see it in the music, food, and dance styles of the region.Andy: Mm-hmm. What do people like to do there?Todd: many people enjoy watching a special kind of dance that’s a mixture of dancing and fighting with an African origin. For those of you who enjoy nightlife, this city can’t be beat. It has several different street festivals during the year, each one like a mini-carnival of its own.Andy: Great! Thanks a lot, Todd. Well, that certainly has given our listeners plenty to think about, but I’m sorry to say we’re out of time. That’s it, folks. This is Andy Wong reminding you to tune in tomorrow for the next installment of our travel show,” where in the World…?” Goodnight, everybody!Interviewer: Hi, guys!Jose and Vicki: Hi.Interviewer: Thanks for agreeing to meet me here on such short notice.Jose: No problem.Interviewer: Well. Listen, as I said to you on the phone, I’m doing a story for the campus newspaper. I’m interviewing foreign students to get their impressions of our city. Um, this should only take about ten minutes or so. Let’s see…Uh, do you mind if I tape-record our interview?Vicki: Oh no, not at all.Interviewer: OK, then. Jose, why don’t we start with you. What do you think of San Francisco? How do you like it here so far?Jose: It’s OK! I guess.Interviewer: Oh, you don’t sound very enthusiastic.Jose: No, no. I like it. It’s just that I’ve been so busy studying. I haven’t had much time to explore the city. Interviewer: Oh. That’s too bad.Jose: Yeah. And when I have the time, well, it’s so cloudy and foggy here- especially in the summer. I never thought I’d be wearing a sweater in July!Interviewer: Well, this is Northern California. Hey, maybe you should move south. I hear Los Angeles is warmer. Vicki?Vicki: Oh, I love it here. I think this is a beautiful city. The rolling hills, the views of the bay- it’s very romantic.Interviewer: Yeah. So how do you guys spend your free time?Jose: Well, I’m studying architecture and am somewhat of a photographer……Interviewer: Really?Jose: Oh, I’m just an amateur. Anyway, I …I’m always taking pictures of the building in this city. You know, the Victorians, the modern skyscrapers downtown, MOMA ……Interviewer: MOMA. You mean , the Museum of Modern Art?Jose: Right. There’s such a variety of buildings in this city. The architecture is really great. I also have taken pictures of other structures, like the Golden Gate Bridge- it looks totally different when the weather changes. Interviewer: Wow! T hat’s interesting. Ah, well, Vicki, it’s your turn. What do you like to do?Vicki: I like to explore the different neighborhoods. Yesterday I went to the Italian neighborhood, North Beach, to buy some pastries and have a cup of espresso. Today I’m going d own to the Mission District to get a burrito for lunch.Interviewer: Hey, sounds like you like to eat!Vicki: Yes. Actually, I like the Mission a lot. It’s a Hispanic neighborhood. We don’t have anything like that where I come from.Interviewer: Uh, wel l, that’s about it. Any final comments?Jose: No, not really.Vicki: I just like to say that this is the great place to live，It’s small after get around easy but big enough to offer all the advantages of large cities，I’m glad I got the chance to study he reLindsay: So, Eric, how long have you lived in New York?Eric: All my life. I was born here. Sounds like you’re new in town.Lindsay: Two months. I just moved here from Michigan,Eric: Wow! That’s a big change. New York must be quite a shock.Lind say: Well, not exactly. I lived here once before, when I went to graduate school. So, I …I guess you could say that I’m used to life in N ew York, if that’s possible.Eric: when did you live here?Lindsay: Oh, let’s see, …it must have been about eight yea rs ago. Boy, the city sure has changed since then. Eric: I supposed so. I mean, they’re really cleaned up Times Square. It used to be so me dirty. I mean, now it’s just full of tourists.Lindsay: Yeah. And the subways seem to run more on schedule now.\\Eric: Basically, I think the city is safer anywhere you go, probably because we have so many more police officers on the street.Lindsay: Oh, that’s for sure! You know, though, one thing I can’t get used to is the noise- especially those garbage trucks! They come at five in the morning and are so loud. The noise wakes me up every time!Eric: I guess I’ve lived here so long I don’t hear it anymore. I can sleep through just about anything. You know the one thing I am tired of –the weather. I mean, I’m not sick and tired of these long, cold winters. I’m thinking about moving next year. Lindsay: Really?Eric: Yeah. I mean, like I said, I’ve live here all my life, and I feel like I need some kind of change. You know, a new environment. it’s time to get out of New York.Lindsay: Hmm. Not me! I love the nightlife: the theater and the great restaurants. I can’t wait to get out and discover all that New York is offering!Unit 4 Lisa: Uh, well, I'm a freelance writer, and that means that I work at home. And a lot of people think my job is easier because I don't have to go the office every day. And I don't have to deal with office politics. But, you know, the truth is, my job is very hard. I have to be very organized and very disciplined. and pretty self-motivated. And when I have a problem, there is no one around to help me- I have to solve it myself. And sometimes I worry about money. So when I get stressed, I take a hot bath to relax, and then I curl up in front of the TV with a cup of hot tea. And that usually does the trick at the end of a long and very hard day.Sean: Traffic stresses me out. I do a lot driving to school and to my part-time job. Drivers can be so rude, especially during rush hour. I try to ignore them by listening to my favorite music in the car. Then, when I get home, I try to something fun to relax. I'll watch a funny movie or go to a friend's house- something like that. Anything to take my mind off school and work. Victor: I work in the hospital emergency room. You can imagine how stressful that is! Everyone is in a hurry and under tremendous pressure. The doctors are demanding, and there's always too much to do. I cope with all this stress by going to the gym at least four times a week. My friend got me started weight lifting, and now I'm addicted. When I feel especially frustrated, it feels good to go to the gym and throw those weights around. The other thing I do it is get out of the city. Every month or so, I go for a drive in the country. The fresh air and the quite do wonders for me.Lucia: I have this recurring dream. I'm back in high school, and in my dream, the school I looks mostly the same as it did, but m uch bigger. The weird thing is ……that although I'm now twenty years old, I had to go back to high school and study with all these fifteen-year-olds. It's very embarrassing. No one seems to notice that I'm much older and shouldn't be there in the first place. But still, it's very uncomfortable. I keep thinking. "What am I doing here?" Well, I think it must be a couple of weeks into school, and I've lost my class schedule. I start walking through the halls trying to find the main office. I can't find it. No matter how far, how many hallways, I just can't find it. I know I'm late for class, and this really worries me. Finally , I wind up in my math class, but it's almost over- so I've missed most of it, and I don't know what the homework is, and I think I've missed an important test, or something. Basically, that's the dream. I think I have that dream when I am worried or overwhelmed about something that is happening in my life at the time.Rick: my name is Rick, and I sometimes have this dream, this bad dream. Really it's a nightmare. I'm in danger, but I'm not sure from what, and I can't move or scream or anything. I can feel something coming closer and closer to me, and, you know, it's really strange because usually in the dream I am exactly where I am in real life- like in my own bed in my bedroom- and everything is very realistic. The only part is dreamlike is that I can't move. Sometimes I can't even open my eyes, or I can open one eye, usually I have to alert someone, or possible save someone, although the person often changes. Anyway, I can't do anything because I can't move. It's really terrifying. You know, I think the dream means that I'm feeling there's something in my life that I can't control, although I should be able to. Once I had the dream when one of mychildren was very sick, and I just felt completely helpless. I hate feeling that way.Unit 5 Yoshiko: In some ways, I'm a typical Japanese teenager. I go to a public high school and wear a uniform, just like everyone else. I go to school five and a half days a week- I get Sundays off. I have interests similar to most of my friends: I like to play video games and am a big fan of American movies. Brad Pitt is one of my favorite actors. There's one big way I'm different, though. I spent almost six years living outside Japan. My father's company transferred him overseas, and of course we went with him. Living in a foreign culture was really tough at first, but I guess I'm lucky in a way. I learned to speak English, and I made a lot of new friends. So you can see that I'm really quite a bit different from my classmates!Renato: My life is pretty typical, I think. I head off school at seven in the morning, and school finishes at midday. After school, I usually study or play soccer. On weekends, I like to get together with my friends. We usually hang out in one of the shopping centers. Everyone just shows up there on Saturdays and Sundays. It's a lot of fun……most of the time. I think one way I am different is that I like to do my own thing sometimes. I don't always want to hang out with the group. There's a lot of peer pressure to spend time with my friends, but I don't listen to what they say. I guess you could say that I think for myself. Sometimes it makes my friends angry, but that's just the way I am.Suzanne: I guess I worry about the same things other kids my age to do ……you know, grades, getting alo ng with my parents…… I am doing OK in school, but I have to study really hard. I want to make sure that my grades are good enough so I can get into a decent university. I am pretty typical: I go to classes, attend club meetings after school, and do homework at night. Weekends are great because I get to sleep late. Oh yeah, I am also a member of the orchestra at school. I pay the violin. My school is different from a typical school in the United States. We study all the core subjects- like most other students- in the morning: science, math, English, history-the usual stuff. In the afternoon, though, we study things like music, dance, and art. You see, I go to a special school for the arts. A lot of us have dreams of becoming dancers or singers someday. That's why we spend so much time learning about the arts.Dominique: You see, I find making an expensive purchase quite difficult. Probably because I don't want to make a mistake and get stuck, especially for something that costs a lot of money, like a car. You see, when I bought my car, I knew I just couldn't go into a showroom and choose a car! No impulse purchases for me! I needed a lot of time to think it over and consider the options. So, I read consumer magazines to see how they rated their cars. I wanted to know the average prices and safety records of different cars. I mean, you never know...I also talked to people in the field who are knowledgeable. You know, the guy down the street who works in the garage, oh, and, uh, also, my brother-in-law--he's a car fanatic.And once I decided which one I liked, I finally went to the showroom to test-drive the car. I suppose you could say that my approach takes a lot of time, but I feel secure in my decisions.Carla: I'm in charge of hiring new staff for my department at work. I mean, several of us do the interviews, but I'm the person who gives the final approval. If I say "no," then the person isn't hired. It's a lot of pressure! Sometimes I get stressed out about it. I have to admit that I hate to waste time making decisions. It's funny, my boss does it completely differently. She just likes to sit and think, you know, mull over the information and let the decision "come to her." We have completely different styles! I think I've learned a lot from my previous mistakes: You just have to go with your instincts--that is, do what you think is best and then just hope that it works out. I mean, we all get strong feelings about things, and usually those feeling are right. The important thing is to act quickly! Up until now I've been pretty lucky. The people I've hired have all worked out--no major problems so far.Wayne: When I have to make an important decision, I find I need to talk to a lot of people, get their input. If I have to do it myself, I get confused. It's like the more I think about something and consider all the options, the more frustrated I get. I could sit and analyze something forever. My friends say that I can always see both sides of everything, which makes it hard to decide on anything! You can imagine how irritated my friends must get. When I was deciding where to spend my long Christmas holidays last year, I asked everyone for help. Basically what I did was pose this question: "Where would you go in December if you had three weeks?" I listened to all the answers and then made my decision. You might think I'm strange,but it worked. Based on everyone's advice, I went to Miami. I had an amazing vacation!Unit 6 Unit6: Lesson A: ListeningFirst conversationLiz: Hi,...Pete?Pete: Yes. Hello.Liz: I'm Liz, Donna's mother. Donna has told me all about you.Pete: Nice to meet you, Mrs. Morton.Liz: It's nice to meet you, too. So, are you enjoying the party?Pete: Yeah, it's great. This might be the last time I see some of these people for a long time, so I've been pretty busy. I haven't had much time to sample the food.Liz: I know what you mean. I can't believe that all you kids are finally graduating. Donna has grown up so fast! Do you have any plans after graduation?Pete: Well, I've applied for a teaching job overseas. I guess I'll probably find out if I got the job or not next week.Liz: You’re more adventurous than Donna. She's going to take a job rig ht here in town, at least for the summer. After that, who knows?Pete: Well, you might be seeing me around here for a while longer, too. Oh,...wait a minute. I'm sorry. I think Dan is leaving the party. Excuse me, Mrs. Morton, I've got to talk to him before he goes.Liz: Certainly. It was nice meeting you, Pete.Pete: Same here.Liz: Oh, and good luck with your job search.Pete: Thanks. Thanks a lot.Second conversationMan 1: You know, I...uh...I kind of like this music.Man 2: Well, it is lively. I'll say that for it.Man 1: Great music for dancing.Man 2: Dancing? Yeah. I guess. For young people, anyway.Man 1: What? What, you think we're too old?Man 2: Oh, no. You're not thinking..Man 1: And why not? It looks like fun! Why should we sit here while everyone else is having a great time?Man 2: If you start dancing to this music, you're going to make a fool out of yourself.Man 1: Hmm. That's what you think.Man 2: Anyway, who would you dance with?Man 1: Oh? Is that a challenge?Man 2: Oh, no. Woman: Hey, there. Want to dance?Man 1: Uh,...why...why, yes, I would, young lady. (turns to Man 2) Uh, excuse me. It's been real nice talking to you, but, uh, I've got to go.Third conversationWoman 1: Mmmm,...this is delicious. I love stuffed grape leaves.Woman 2: Ummm. Me, too. It all tastes delicious. Do you think they made all this themselves? Or did they have it catered? Woman 1: Oh, no. George is a great cook. Why would they cater it?Woman 2: Really?Woman 1: Oh, yeah.Woman 2: George cooks?Woman 1: You didn't know that? Lynn's always saying that's half the reason she married him!Woman 2: Well, that is a good reason. She is really lucky. I wish my husband liked to cook. He completely avoids anything that has to do with the kitchen.Woman 1: You know, my husband's talking about signing up for an Italian cooking class on Saturdays. Oh, I hope he does it. Woman 2: Oh. I wonder if I could convince my husband to do that. I'd sure love being the taste tester for his recipes. Woman 1: Exactly what I was thinking. Well, I'll let you know when the class starts.Woman 2: Great! Please do. In the meantime, I think I'll go mention it to him. Talk to you soon.Woman 1: OK. Bye.Unit6: Lesson B: ListeningNicole: I got some incredible news over the weekend!Man: Yeah? What happened?Nicole: Well, my sister is finally getting married.Man: Really? Well, that is exciting! How long have they been seeing each other?Nicole: Oh, I mean, it's been over four years. We all knew that they would get married someday, but no one expected it to happen now. And you know what? Yhe funny part is how it happened.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah. OK, listen. They were on a cruise, and one night while they were sitting on the deck of the ship, looking at the stars... Man: Ah,...let me guess. He pulled out a ring and asked her to marry him.Nicole: No, smarty. The other way around. She asked him! She got right down on one knee and proposed.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah! And he was pretty surprised, I think, but of course he immediately said"yes." Listen, they're planning a wedding. I'm going to be a birdesmaid in the wedding, so, you know, I have to buy a dress and then...Woman: Why the long face, Tony?Tony: Oh, I just got some bad news today.Woman: What happened?Tony: Well, you know my job at the design studio?Woman: Yes.Tony: Well,..Woman: Oh, no! Tony: Oh, yes. Today the boss called me into his office and told me they had to lay me off indefinitely. That means as of April thirtieth, I'm out of work. Woman: Oh! Tony: No more job. Woman: Tony, I am so sorry. You really liked working there.Tony: Yeah, well, it's not all bad news today.Woman: What happened?Tony: Well, you know my job at the design studio?Woman: Yes. Tony: Well,...Woman: Oh, no!Tony: Oh, yes. Today the boss called me into his office and told me they had to lay me off indefinitely, That means as of April thirtieth, I'm out of work.Woman: Oh!Tony: No more job.Woman: Tony, I am so sorry. You really liked working there.Tony: Yeah, well, it's not all bad news. There's still a small chance that the company will call me back in the summer if the work picks up. You never know what'll happen. They may still need me then.。

第8页CD 1，10 磁带1.ANARRATOR:Simon and Alex are in their Art class.They’re making bowls and they can’t stop.They’re busy。

SIMON：Oooh。

My bowl’s terrible!NARRATOR：Stella and Lenny are in their Maths lesson.Stella’s very happy because she loves Maths and thinks it’s easy。

Lenny doesn’t think Maths iseasy.He thinks it’s difficult.LENNY:I can't do this Maths problem.It’s difficult.STELLA:Come on.Lenny.You can do it.It’s easy。

NARRATOR：.。

.It’s 73-72。

What an exciting game!Meera's got the ball and she’s running with it。

Meera's quick.The boy’s slow.GIRL:This is really boring。

I don’t like basketball。

CD 1，11 磁带1，A1 Be careful with those glasses,Sally！I am being careful.2 What was the film like?It was really boring.3 What’s 397 and 79？Oh, I don’t know,That's difficult。

4 What was the football match like？It was really exciting!5 Come on，Mary。

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雅思剑桥真题4听力Test1原文－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－C4T1S1Good morning.Good morning. How can I help you?I understand that the school organizes trips to different……Yes, we run five every month: three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips.What sort of places?Well, obviously it varies, but always places of historical interest and also which offer a variety of shopping, because our students always ask about that and then we go for ones where we know there are guided tours, because this gives a good focus for the visit.Do you travel far?Well, we’re lucky here, obviously, because we‘re able to say that all our visits are less than three hours drive.How much do they cost?Again it varies-between 5 and 15 pounds a head, depending on distance. Oh, and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are more than 12 people.Oh right, I’ll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally? We try to keep it pretty fixed so that, that students get to know the pattern.We leave at eight-thirty a.m. and return at six p.m.We figure it’s best to keep the day fairly short.Oh yes. And how do we reserve a place?You sign your name on the notice board. Do you know where it is?Ah ha. I saw it this morning.And we do ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we’ve got enough people interested to run it, and we can cancel if necessary, with full refund of course.That’s fine, thanks.And what visits are planned for this term?Right, well I’m afraid the schedule hasn’t been print ed out yet, but we have confirmed the dates and planned the optional extra visits which you can also book in advance if you want to.Oh, that’s all right. If you can just give some idea of the weekend ones so I can, you know, work out when to see friends, etcetera. Oh, sure. Well, the first one is St. Ives. That’s on the thirteen th of February and we’ll have only sixteen places available of course we’re going by mini bus.And that’s a day in town with the optional extra of visiting the Hepworth Museum.Oh right, yeah, that sounds good.Umm, then there’s London trip on the sixteenth of February and we’llbe taking a medium-sized coach so there’ll be forty-five places on that, a nd let’s see, the optional extra is the Tower of London. Oh, I’ve already been there.Err, after that there’s Bristol on the third of March.Where?Bristol.OK.That’s in a different minibus with eighteen places available, oh, and the optional extra is a visit to the S.S. Great Britain.OK.We’re going to Sail sbury on the eighteenth of March and that’s always a popular one because the optional extra is Stonehenge, so we’re taking the large coach with fifty seats.Oh good.And then the last one is to Bath on the twenty-third of March.Oh yes, is Bath the Roman city?Y yes, that’ right, and that’s in the sixteen-seater minibus.And w here’s the optional visit?It’s to the American Museum-well worth a visit.Ok, well that’s great. Thanks for all that.My pleasure.By the way, if you want more information about any of the trips, have a look in the student newspaper.OK.Or, have a word with my assistant, her name is Jane Yentob.Right. I’ve got that. Thank you very much for all your help.You’re very welcome. I hope you enjoy the trips.C4T1S2Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village. To start your visit, I’m just going to give you a brief account of the history of the museum before letting you roam about on your own.I won’t keep you long. OK?Now, from where we’re standing you’ve got a good view of the river over there.And it was because of this fast-flowing water, that this site was a natural place for manufacturing works.The water, and the availability of the raw materials in the area, like minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels, like coal and firewood, all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time.Water was the main source of power for the early industries and some of the water wheels were first established in the twelfth century, would you believe?At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here, on the bend in the river.By the seventeenth to eighteenth centuries the region’s rivers supported more than a hundred and sixty water mills-and many of these continued to operate well into the nineteenth century.But then the steam engine was invented and then the railways came and the centers of industries were able to move away from the rivers and countryside and into the towns.So, industrial villages like this one became very rare.So that’s the histo ry for you.If you’d like any more information, you can ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guide book.Now I’m going to give you a plan of site and I’d just like to point out where everything is and then you can take a look at everything for yourself.I’ve already pointed out the river, which is on the left. And of course, running along the bottom is Woodside Road, got it? OK.Now we’re standing at the entrance, see it at the bottom, and immediately to our right is the Ticket Office.You won’t need that because you’ve got your group booking, but just past it are the toilets-always good to know where they are.In front of us is the car park, as you can see, and to the left, by the entry gate is the Gift Shop.That’s where you can get copies of the guide, like this one here. Now, beyond the car park all the buildings are arranged in a half circle with a yard in the middle.The big, stone building at the top is the main Workshop.That’s where the furnace is and where all the metal was smelted and the tools were cast, as you’ll be able to see.Now in the top right-hand corner, that building with bigger windows is the Showroom, where samples of all the tools that were made through the ages are on display.In the top left corner is the Grinding Shop, where the tools were sharpened and finished.And on one side of that you can see the Engine Room, and on the other is the Café, which isn’t an antique, you’ll be pleased to know, though they do serve very nice old-fashion teas.The row of buildings you can see on the left are the cottages.These were built for the workers towards the end of the eighteenth century and they’re still furnished from that period so you can get a good idea of ordinary people’s living conditions.Across the yard from them, you can see the stables where the horses were kept for transporting the products.And the separate building in front of them is the Works Office and that still has some of the old accounts on display.Right, if anyone wants a guided tour then I’m starting at the Engine Room.If you’d like to come along, this way please, ladies and gentlemen.C4T1S3You’ll hear M a student, talking to one of her lecturers about her studies.Excuse me, Dr. Johnson. May I speak to you for minute?Sure, come in.I’m M. I’m taking your course in population studies.Right, well, M, how can I help you?I’m having a bit of t rouble with the second assignment, and it’s due in twelve days.What sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem?Well, that’s part of the problem. I’m also having……been having-getting hold of the books. I’ve been to the library several times and all the books are out.Sound like you should have started borrowing books a bit earlier. Well, I had a really big assignment due in for another course, and I’ve been spending all my time on that, and I thought……You might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me? If that’s possible, but I don’t know……Well, yes, it is possible, but extensions are normally given only for medical or compassionate reasons. Otherwise, that’s really a question of organizing your study, and we d on’t like giving extensions to students who simply didn’t plan their work properly. What did you get your first assignment?I got eighty-seven percent.Yes, you did very well indeed. So obviously you can produce good work.I don’t think I need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some the important references.Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I’m prepare to give you an extra two weeks for this one. So that’ll mean you need to submit it about a month from now.Oh, thank you.Now, what about the reading materials? Have you checked out the journal articles in the list?No, not yet. There were about twenty of them and I wasn’t sure which ones would be most useful or important.Well, they are all useful. But I don’t expect any one to read them all, because a number of them deal with the same issues. And let me giveyou some suggestions. The articles by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading. Right, I’ll read that one.You should also read the article by Jackson, but just look at the part on the research methodology-how they did it.Ok, Johnson, got that.And if you have time, the one by Roberts says very relevant thing, although it’s not essential. So……Ok, if it’s useful I’ll try to read that one.Now, the one by Morris. I w ouldn’t bother with that at this stage if I were you.Ok, I won’t bother with Morris. Oh now, someone tell me the article by Cooper is important.Well, yes, in the way, but just look at the last part, where he discuss es the research results. And lastly, there is Forster. I can’t think why I include d that one. It’s not bad, and could be of some help, but not that much.Now, let’s deal with the assignment question. What’s the problem there?It’s the graph on page two.W hat seems to be the problem? It’s just the bar graph, showing reasons why people change where they live.Well, I’ve got the photocopy, but the reason at the bottom are missing. Ah, Ok, look at the first bar on the graph. Now that indicated the number of people who move because they want more space.Oh, I see, bar one, Ok. Now what about the next bar?Bar two is to do with people living nearby disturbing them, so they choose to move away to somewhere quiet er. Now let’s look at bar number three, another reason people change their place of living is because they want to be closer to the city.Ok, proximity to the city is an issue.Now, bar number four refers to problems when the owner of property won’t help fix thing that go wrong. In other word, the owner is not helpful, and so the tenants move out.Ok, now what about bar five?Bar five is about those people who move because they need a bus or train to get them into the city or to go to work.Ok, and bar six?Bar number six is interesting, that reason is given quite a lot. People moving because they want to be in a more attractive neighborhood. Oh, yes, thank you very much.C4T1S4Good day, ladies and gentlemen.I have been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There’re two major area that I’l l focus on in my talk: How vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate? And how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment for us to live in.Trees can have a significant impact on our cities.They can make a city as a whole, a bit less windy or a bit more windy if that’s what you want.They can make it a bit cooler if it’s a hot summer day in an Australia city, or they can make it a bit more humid if it’s a dry inland city. On the local scale-that is in particular area within the city-trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and much less windy.In fact, trees and planting of various kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas.How do trees do all that you ask?Well, the main difference between a tree and building, is a tree has got a internal mechanism to keep the temperature regulated.It evaporates water through its leaves and that means that the temperature of leaves, is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface on a hot sunny day can easily be twenty degrees more than our temperature.Trees, on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat.This means that they can humidify the air and cool it-a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate.Trees can also help break the forces of wind.The reason that high buildings make it windier at ground level, is that as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building, it has to go somewhere.Some of it goes over the top, and some goes around the sides the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level.That doesn’t happen when you have trees.Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it, preventing those very large strong gas, you so often find around tall buildings. Another problem in built-up area is that traffic noise is intensified by tall buildings.By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees.Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings, although the effect is not as large as people like to think.Low-frequency noise in particular just goes though the trees as theyaren’t there.Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do however take up a lot of space.There are root systems to consider, and branches blocking windows and so on.It may therefore be difficult to fit trees into the local landscape. There is not a great deal you can do, if you have what we call a street canyon-a whole set of high-rises enclosed in a narrow street.Trees need water to grow, they also need some sunlight to grow, and you need room to put them.If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce……感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。

【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】亲爱的读者们：由于工作的原因，需要《剑桥国际英语教程4》（Passage 4）的听力原稿。

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想出来的智慧2018年1月10日Unit 1Luis: Well, I guess the biggest change in my life over the last five years is that I got married. I used to be single, and now I’m not! I used to enjoy going out with friends every weekend- you know I was a lot more sociable. Now a more of own body, I liked to stay at home, watch TV- that kind of thing. It’s not so bad. I guess you could say that I grew up- I was tired of going out all the time and ready to settle down and start a family.Celine: For me the change has been with my work. I used to work in a large company. I worked in their corporate headquarters downtown in the accounting department. It was a great job- good money, decent benefits. When I first started at that company, I was very young and very ambitions. But after a while, I got tired of it. I was so unhappy there, and the commute was killing me! But one evening two years ago, I attended a seminar on working for yourself-you know, being self-employed and starting your own company. So I quit my job and gave it a try. It was scary at first, but after a little while I could see it was going to work out just fine for me. I couldn’t be happier.Diana: Gosh, five years ago I was a completely different person. You wouldn’t have recognized me if you’d seen me then! I talk a lot now, but I was more reserved then. And I hardly exercised at all. I never played any sports and rarely spent time outside. I was in terrible shape and worried about my health. But all that changed when I met my friend Judy. See, she convinced me to start slowly, you know, by walking every morning before work and swimming twice a week. Well, now I spend most of my free time outside- hiking, swimming when the weather’s good, playing tennis or racquetball- those kinds of things. I’m in pretty good shape now and feeling wonderful.Luis: Well, my wife is always saying that I’m not very good with money, not practical at all. She’s always teasing me about spending habits, but she’s right. When I see something I want, I just go and buy it, even if it is something I don’t really need. I guess I waste a lot of our money. We’re expecting our first child in December, and now that there’s going to be three of us, well , I think I do need to be more careful.Celine: working at home has been a real struggle. It’s been a lot harder than I imagined.I need to be more organized, that’s for sure. So, I ’ve decide to hire at a part-time secretary- you know, someone who can come in couple of times a week and help out with me phones, the filing, and just clean up in general. I’m so busy that sometimes I kind of let things get out of hand- the office gets really messy! I sure could use some help. Diana: Well, I started mountain climbing a year and a half ago, and I just love it. Well, the next step for me is to concentrate on that sport and see where I can go with it. I’d love to someday- say, five or ten years from now- go mountain climbing in the Himalayas. They have some of the highest and most beautiful mountains in the world. That would be a real adventure! But before I do anything like that, I have to practice, practice, practice! And I have to get stronger –mentally as well as physically.Paul: So, Andrea, you going home for the holidays?Andrea: I sure am. I’ve booked a fight for tomorrow afternoon and I can’t wait! Paul: That sounds great.Andrea: What about you? Going home, too?Paul: I haven’t decide d yet. I ‘m still debating…Andrea: Haven’t decide? Oh, you’re never going to get a flight out of there. I’m sure all the seats have been reserved by now. It’s the holiday season, after all!Paul: Well, it’s not such a big deal for me. My family only lives about a hundred and fifty miles from here. I usually drive or take the train. It’s a short trip.Andrea: You don’t sound very excited about it.Paul: Well, we are not really a very close-knit family. I have three brothers, and they’re spread out all over the place. One lives on the East Coast and the other on the West Coast. I even have a brother in Montreal!Andrea: oh, wow! What does he do?Paul: Translation work! It’s kind of strange, but we rarely get together as family anymore.Andrea: Well, I try to get home as much as possible. We’re a big family- there are six of us children- so it’s always a lot of fun.Paul: Six kids?Andrea: Yep! And we’re all really close. You should see it- most of us are married, too, so it makes for a very crowded house over the holidays.Paul: I can imagine.Andrea: O f course. There are too many people to cook dinner for. It’s a real headache for my parents. So we end up going out to dinner a lot. It’s pretty crazy.Paul: Well, at my house my mother loves to cook. So, when all of us do get home- which isn’t that often- she always cooks big, homemade meals. We have leftovers for days!Unit 2Carol: Well, I went away to college when I was seventeen. I’d never lived away fro m my parents before, and I was really looking forward to it. But I was also scared because I was leaving my friends behind, and I didn’t know anyone when I first arrived. I lived in a really big dormitory and shared a room with two other girls. I guess the thing I learned the most was how to get along with other- you know, how to respect other people’s opinions and property- stuff like that. At home I’d always had my own room. This was the first time I’d had to live with other people in the same room.We were all really different-I mean, our personalities and lifestyles were completely opposite in some ways! Anyway, at first it really caused problems, but we learned how to get along living in those tight quarters. Three seventeen-year-olds living in one room- can you imagine? I’m surprised we survived it at all.Michael: I think, for myself, the hardest thing was learning how to manage my owe time better. I used to stay up late watching TV a lot, didn’t eat well, often went to class unprepared, and things liked that. My grades were really suffering, and I could hardly keep my eyes open in class! It was a drag! Somehow, midway through the semester, I changed and started to do well.Organizing my time was a real challenge. In high school, I didn’t have to wor ry- I had the same schedule every day, and at night my parents were pushing me to study. But it’s different when you go away to college. You have to learn to take responsibility for your actions. No one is going to tell you what to do. You have to figure it out yourself. Frank: I’m having some trouble with chemistry this year. It’s hard. The teacher acts like we’re so smart- that we ought to have no trouble learning it. I find the textbook confusing, and then I get discouraged. Well, some of us got together and formed a study group. It seems to work ok most of the time- we compare notes and then go over the discussion questions in each chapter. The only problem is that sometimes one of my friends will come to the study group unprepared. He’ll forget his notes or he won’t have read the book beforehand. That really bothers me and I guess those guys who don’t prepare are going to have hard time on the final exam.Regina: I’m trying to learn this new computer program at school. It’s kind of embarrassing- most of the other kids have already picked it up, and I just can’t get it. There’s this software manual at school- I borrowed the book and took it home to read, but it didn’t seem to help. There was simply too much information for me to remember. My probl em is that I don’t have enough time to sit down and learn it properly. I’m not sure that what to do next.Sonia: I’m going to France next summer, so I want to learn as much French as I can. So, I started taking a French class at the local community center. Well, the great thing is the class is free. The problem is it’s not very easy. Well, you see, it’s supposed to be beginning –level class- no way! I’m telling you, most of the person in there- they already knew how to speak French when they started the class. They can say basicconversational phrases, and they know how to pronounce the words. I am complete beginner! I did not know one word of French when I started this class! So I always feel lost- even from day one, I had no idea what was going on. Now, the teacher is nice, but he’s not very good! He gets off the topic, and he’ll get stuck on some tiny, little point for like half an hour at a time. But I really shouldn’t complain because after all, this class is free!Unit 3Andy: Well, this is Andy Wong, and we’re just about at the end of another episode of “Where in the world…?” But before we sign off, I’d like to tell you a little about tomorrow’s program. Tomorrow we have a very interesting report on two very exciting cities that I’m sure you won’t want to miss. Our reporters in the field, Deborah and Todd, are standing by to fill us in on the details. Deborah! Can you hear me?Deborah: Yes, Andy, loud and clear.Andy: Well, where are you?Deborah: You know I can’t tell you that, Andy! You have to watch tomorrow’s program to get the answer.Andy: oh, right! That’s right. Well, tell us about the place anyway.Deborah: ok. This city is a very exciting place to visit. First of all, it is one of the ten largest metropolitan areas in the world. It is a very cosmopolitan city with a strong identity of its own. And the local food is unique. I really am enjoying the restaurants that serve barbecued beef, which is grilled right at your table. But I must warn you, much of the food is extremely spicy, so come prepared. Do you like spicy food, Andy?Andy: Love it!Deborah: Well, you should come on over, then! Andy, this city is very old! It was founded in the fourteenth century and is divided by the Han River. The city has a strikingcombination of modern and ancient architecture. In fact, most of the traditional architecture is located on the northern side of the river- when I am now. With its efficient subway system, it’s very easy to get around and see the sights.Andy: Great, Deborah. Thanks so much fo r…Deborah: oh, wait, Andy! One more thing I forgot to mention! The shopping- the street vendors here sell everything from shoes to electronics to furniture- all at discounted prices! Oops, have I said too much?Andy: No, no, not at all! Sounds like you’re having a fantastic time. We’re looking forward to hearing your full report tomorrow, and finding out just where in the world you are right now! Before we run out of time, though, let me turn it over to Todd. Todd? Are you there?Todd: I sure am. Hello, everyone. Well, my city is very old. It was founded in fifteen forty-nine by the Portuguese. It is now the third largest city in the country, with about two million inhabitants. It’s quite fascinating. Believe it or not, it’s built into a cliff, and it ov erlooks a beautiful bay. It’s actually on two levels. To get to the upper level you can take an elevator. From there you have a wonderful view of the bay. And if you enjoy swimming, there are beautiful beaches.Andy: well, Todd! I guess we know where you’re been the last few days! On the beach!Todd: Well, not exactly! Andy. There’s so much to see and do here. By the way, this city also has a strong African influence: you can see it in the music, food, and dance styles of the region.Andy: Mm-hmm. What do people like to do there?Todd: many people enjoy watching a special kind of dance that’s a mixture of dancing and fighting with an African origin. For those of you who enjoy nightlife, this city can’t be beat. It has several different street festivals during the year, each one like amini-carnival of its own.Andy: Great! Thanks a lot, Todd. Well, that certainly has given our listeners plenty to think about, but I’m sorry to say we’re out of time. That’s it, folks. This is Andy Wong reminding you to tun e in tomorrow for the next installment of our travel show,” where in the World…?” Goodnight, everybody!Interviewer: Hi, guys!Jose and Vicki: Hi.Interviewer: Thanks for agreeing to meet me here on such short notice.Jose: No problem.Interviewer: Well. Listen, as I said to you on the phone, I’m doing a story for the campus newspaper. I’m interviewing foreign students to get their impressions of our city. Um, this should only take about ten minutes or so. Let’s see…Uh, do you mind if I tape-record our interview?Vicki: Oh no, not at all.Interviewer: OK, then. Jose, why don’t we start with you. What do you think of San Francisco? How do you like it here so far?Jose: It’s OK! I guess.Interviewer: Oh, you don’t sound very enthusiastic.Jose: No, no. I like it. It’s just that I’ve been so busy studying. I haven’t had much time to explore the city.Interviewer: Oh. That’s too bad.Jose: Yeah. And when I have the time, well, it’s so cloudy and foggy here- especially in the summer. I never thought I’d be wearing a sweater in July!Interviewer: Well, this is Northern California. Hey, maybe you should move south. I hear Los Angeles is warmer. Vicki?Vicki: Oh, I love it here. I think this is a beautiful city. The rolling hills, the views of the bay- it’s very romantic.Interviewer: Yeah. So how do you guys spend your free time?Jose: Well, I’m studying architecture and am somewhat of a photographer…… Interviewer: Really?Jose: Oh, I’m just an amateur. Anyway, I …I’m always taking picture s of the building in this city. You know, the Victorians, the modern skyscrapers downtown, MOMA …… Interviewer: MOMA. You mean , the Museum of Modern Art?Jose: Right. There’s such a variety of buildings in this city. The architecture is really great. I also have taken pictures of other structures, like the Golden Gate Bridge- it looks totally different when the weather changes.Interviewer: Wow! That’s interesting. Ah, well, Vicki, it’s your turn. What do you like to do?Vicki: I like to explore the different neighborhoods. Yesterday I went to the Italian neighborhood, North Beach, to buy some pastries and have a cup of espresso. Today I’m going down to the Mission District to get a burrito for lunch.Interviewer: Hey, sounds like you like to eat!Vic ki: Yes. Actually, I like the Mission a lot. It’s a Hispanic neighborhood. We don’t have anything like that where I come from.Interviewer: Uh, well, that’s about it. Any final comments?Jose: No, not really.Vicki: I just like to say that this is the great place to live，It’s small after get around easy but big enough to offer all the advantages of large cities，I’m glad I got the chance to study hereLindsay: So, Eric, how long have you lived in New York?Eric: All my life. I was born here. Sounds li ke you’re new in town.Lindsay: Two months. I just moved here from Michigan,Eric: Wow! That’s a big change. New York must be quite a shock.Lindsay: Well, not exactly. I lived here once before, when I went to graduate school. So, I …I guess you could say that I’m used to life in N ew York, if that’s possible. Eric: when did you live here?Lindsay: Oh, let’s see, …it must have been about eight years ago. Boy, the city sure has changed since then.Eric: I supposed so. I mean, they’re really cleaned up Times Square. It used to be some dirty. I mean, now it’s just full of tourists.Lindsay: Yeah. And the subways seem to run more on schedule now.\\Eric: Basically, I think the city is safer anywhere you go, probably because we have so many more police officers on the street.Lindsay: Oh, that’s for sure! You know, though, one thing I can’t get used to is the noise- especially those garbage trucks! They come at five in the morning and are so loud. The noise wakes me up every time!Eric: I guess I’ve lived here so long I don’t hear it anymore. I can sleep through just about anything. You know the one thing I am tired of –the weather. I mean, I’m notsick and tired of these long, cold winters. I’m thinking about moving next year. Lindsay: Really?Eric: Ye ah. I mean, like I said, I’ve live here all my life, and I feel like I need some kind of change. You know, a new environment. it’s time to get out of New York. Lindsay: Hmm. Not me! I love the nightlife: the theater and the great restaurants. I can’t wait to get out and discover all that New York is offering!Unit 4 Lisa: Uh, well, I'm a freelance writer, and that means that I work at home. And a lot of people think my job is easier because I don't have to go the office every day. And I don't have to deal with office politics. But, you know, the truth is, my job is very hard. I have to be very organized and very disciplined. and pretty self-motivated. And when I have a problem, there is no one around to help me- I have to solve it myself. And sometimes I worry about money. So when I get stressed, I take a hot bath to relax, and then I curl up in front of the TV with a cup of hot tea. And that usually does the trick at the end of a long and very hard day.Sean: Traffic stresses me out. I do a lot driving to school and to my part-time job. Drivers can be so rude, especially during rush hour. I try to ignore them by listening to my favorite music in the car. Then, when I get home, I try to something fun to relax. I'll watch a funny movie or go to a friend's house- something like that. Anything to take my mind off school and work.Victor: I work in the hospital emergency room. You can imagine how stressful that is! Everyone is in a hurry and under tremendous pressure. The doctors are demanding, and there's always too much to do. I cope with all this stress by going to the gym at least four times a week. My friend got me started weight lifting, and now I'm addicted. When I feel especially frustrated, it feels good to go to the gym and throw those weights around. The other thing I do it is get out of the city. Every month or so, I go for a drive in the country. The fresh air and the quite do wonders for me.Lucia: I have this recurring dream. I'm back in high school, and in my dream, the school Ilooks mostly th e same as it did, but much bigger. The weird thing is ……that although I'm now twenty years old, I had to go back to high school and study with all these fifteen-year-olds. It's very embarrassing. No one seems to notice that I'm much older and shouldn't be there in the first place. But still, it's very uncomfortable. I keep thinking. "What am I doing here?" Well, I think it must be a couple of weeks into school, and I've lost my class schedule. I start walking through the halls trying to find the main office. I can't find it. No matter how far, how many hallways, I just can't find it. I know I'm late for class, and this really worries me. Finally , I wind up in my math class, but it's almost over- so I've missed most of it, and I don't know what the homework is, and I think I've missed an important test, or something. Basically, that's the dream. I think I have that dream when I am worried or overwhelmed about something that is happening in my life at the time.Rick: my name is Rick, and I sometimes have this dream, this bad dream. Really it's a nightmare. I'm in danger, but I'm not sure from what, and I can't move or scream or anything. I can feel something coming closer and closer to me, and, you know, it's really strange because usually in the dream I am exactly where I am in real life- like in my own bed in my bedroom- and everything is very realistic. The only part is dreamlike is that I can't move. Sometimes I can't even open my eyes, or I can open one eye, usually I have to alert someone, or possible save someone, although the person often changes. Anyway, I can't do anything because I can't move. It's really terrifying. You know, I think the dream means that I'm feeling there's something in my life that I can't control, although I should be able to. Once I had the dream when one of my children was very sick, and I just felt completely helpless. I hate feeling that way.Unit 5 Yoshiko: In some ways, I'm a typical Japanese teenager. I go to a public high school and wear a uniform, just like everyone else. I go to school five and a half days a week- I get Sundays off. I have interests similar to most of my friends: I like to play video games and am a big fan of American movies. Brad Pitt is one of my favorite actors. There's one big way I'm different, though. I spent almost six years living outside Japan. My father's company transferred him overseas, and of course we went with him. Living in a foreign culture was really tough at first, but I guess I'm lucky in a way. I learned to speak English,and I made a lot of new friends. So you can see that I'm really quite a bit different from my classmates!Renato: My life is pretty typical, I think. I head off school at seven in the morning, and school finishes at midday. After school, I usually study or play soccer. On weekends, I like to get together with my friends. We usually hang out in one of the shopping centers. Everyone just shows up there on Saturdays and Sundays. It's a lot of fun……most of the time. I think one way I am different is that I like to do my own thing sometimes. I don't always want to hang out with the group. There's a lot of peer pressure to spend time with my friends, but I don't listen to what they say. I guess you could say that I think for myself. Sometimes it makes my friends angry, but that's just the way I am. Suzanne: I guess I worry about the same things other kids my age to do ……you know, grades, getting along with my parents…… I am doing OK in school, but I have to study really hard. I want to make sure that my grades are good enough so I can get into a decent university. I am pretty typical: I go to classes, attend club meetings after school, and do homework at night. Weekends are great because I get to sleep late. Oh yeah, I am also a member of the orchestra at school. I pay the violin. My school is different from a typical school in the United States. We study all the core subjects- like most other students- in the morning: science, math, English, history-the usual stuff. In the afternoon, though, we study things like music, dance, and art. You see, I go to a special school for the arts. A lot of us have dreams of becoming dancers or singers someday. That's why we spend so much time learning about the arts.Dominique: You see, I find making an expensive purchase quite difficult. Probably because I don't want to make a mistake and get stuck, especially for something that costs a lot of money, like a car. You see, when I bought my car, I knew I just couldn't go into a showroom and choose a car! No impulse purchases for me! I needed a lot of time to think it over and consider the options. So, I read consumer magazines to see how they rated their cars. I wanted to know the average prices and safety records of different cars. I mean, you never know...I also talked to people in the field who are knowledgeable. You know, the guy down the street who works in the garage, oh, and, uh, also, my brother-in-law--he's a car fanatic.And once I decided which one I liked, I finally went to the showroom to test-drive the car. I suppose you could say that my approach takes a lot of time, but I feel secure in my decisions.Carla: I'm in charge of hiring new staff for my department at work. I mean, several of us do the interviews, but I'm the person who gives the final approval. If I say "no," then the person isn't hired. It's a lot of pressure! Sometimes I get stressed out about it. I have to admit that I hate to waste time making decisions. It's funny, my boss does it completely differently. She just likes to sit and think, you know, mull over the information and let the decision "come to her." We have completely different styles! I think I've learned a lot from my previous mistakes: You just have to go with your instincts--that is, do what you think is best and then just hope that it works out. I mean, we all get strong feelings about things, and usually those feeling are right. The important thing is to act quickly! Up until now I've been pretty lucky. The people I've hired have all worked out--no major problems so far.Wayne: When I have to make an important decision, I find I need to talk to a lot of people, get their input. If I have to do it myself, I get confused. It's like the more I think about something and consider all the options, the more frustrated I get. I could sit and analyze something forever. My friends say that I can always see both sides of everything, which makes it hard to decide on anything! You can imagine how irritated my friends must get. When I was deciding where to spend my long Christmas holidays last year, I asked everyone for help. Basically what I did was pose this question: "Where would you go in December if you had three weeks?" I listened to all the answers and then made my decision. You might think I'm strange, but it worked. Based on everyone's advice, I went to Miami. I had an amazing vacation!Unit 6 Unit6: Lesson A: ListeningFirst conversationLiz: Hi,...Pete?Pete: Yes. Hello.Liz: I'm Liz, Donna's mother. Donna has told me all about you.Pete: Nice to meet you, Mrs. Morton.Liz: It's nice to meet you, too. So, are you enjoying the party?Pete: Yeah, it's great. This might be the last time I see some of these people for a long time, so I've been pretty busy. I haven't had much time to sample the food.Liz: I know what you mean. I can't believe that all you kids are finally graduating. Donna has grown up so fast! Do you have any plans after graduation?Pete: Well, I've applied for a teaching job overseas. I guess I'll probably find out if I got the job or not next week.Liz: You’re more adventurous than Donna. She's going to take a job right here in town, at least for the summer. After that, who knows?Pete: Well, you might be seeing me around here for a while longer, too. Oh,...wait a minute. I'm sorry. I think Dan is leaving the party. Excuse me, Mrs. Morton, I've got to talk to him before he goes.Liz: Certainly. It was nice meeting you, Pete.Pete: Same here.Liz: Oh, and good luck with your job search.Pete: Thanks. Thanks a lot.Second conversationMan 1: You know, I...uh...I kind of like this music.Man 2: Well, it is lively. I'll say that for it.Man 1: Great music for dancing.Man 2: Dancing? Yeah. I guess. For young people, anyway.Man 1: What? What, you think we're too old?Man 2: Oh, no. You're not thinking..Man 1: And why not? It looks like fun! Why should we sit here while everyone else is having a great time?Man 2: If you start dancing to this music, you're going to make a fool out of yourself. Man 1: Hmm. That's what you think.Man 2: Anyway, who would you dance with?Man 1: Oh? Is that a challenge?Man 2: Oh, no. Woman: Hey, there. Want to dance?Man 1: Uh,...why...why, yes, I would, young lady. (turns to Man 2) Uh, excuse me. It's been real nice talking to you, but, uh, I've got to go.Third conversationWoman 1: Mmmm,...this is delicious. I love stuffed grape leaves.Woman 2: Ummm. Me, too. It all tastes delicious. Do you think they made all this themselves? Or did they have it catered?Woman 1: Oh, no. George is a great cook. Why would they cater it?Woman 2: Really?Woman 1: Oh, yeah.Woman 2: George cooks?Woman 1: You didn't know that? Lynn's always saying that's half the reason she married him!Woman 2: Well, that is a good reason. She is really lucky. I wish my husband liked to cook. He completely avoids anything that has to do with the kitchen.Woman 1: You know, my husband's talking about signing up for an Italian cooking class on Saturdays. Oh, I hope he does it.Woman 2: Oh. I wonder if I could convince my husband to do that. I'd sure love being the taste tester for his recipes.Woman 1: Exactly what I was thinking. Well, I'll let you know when the class starts. Woman 2: Great! Please do. In the meantime, I think I'll go mention it to him. Talk to you soon.Woman 1: OK. Bye.Unit6: Lesson B: ListeningNicole: I got some incredible news over the weekend!Man: Yeah? What happened?Nicole: Well, my sister is finally getting married.Man: Really? Well, that is exciting! How long have they been seeing each other? Nicole: Oh, I mean, it's been over four years. We all knew that they would get married someday, but no one expected it to happen now. And you know what? Yhe funny part is how it happened.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah. OK, listen. They were on a cruise, and one night while they were sitting on the deck of the ship, looking at the stars... Man: Ah,...let me guess. He pulled out a ring and asked her to marry him.Nicole: No, smarty. The other way around. She asked him! She got right down on one knee and proposed.。

剑桥雅思4-剑18听力题型分布从《剑桥雅思4》到《剑桥雅思18》，听力部分的题型总体分布比较平稳，具体题型和分布情况如下：
1.填空题：在《剑桥雅思4》到《剑桥雅思18》中，填空题
一直是听力部分的重要题型。

这种题型主要测试考生对于听力材料的细节信息的把握能力。

2.选择题：选择题也是听力部分的主要题型之一，包括单选
题和多选题。

这些题目要求考生根据听到的内容，从多个选项中选择正确的答案。

3.匹配题：匹配题在听力部分中也时有出现，主要是要求考
生根据听到的内容和给出的选项进行匹配。

这种题型测试了考生的信息筛选和匹配能力。

4.总体来说，从《剑桥雅思4》到《剑桥雅思18》，听力部
分的题型分布比较稳定，没有出现大的变化。

考生可以根据这些题型的特点和解题技巧进行有针对性的备考。

如需了解更多关于剑桥雅思系列书籍的听力题型分布，建议查阅剑桥雅思官方网站或相关论坛。

剑桥雅思4Test1听力Section 2答案+解析第一部分，请点击：剑桥雅思4Test1听力Listening Section 1答案+解析谈话场景：旅游场景。

人物关系：演讲者为导游，听众为游客。

谈话话题：介绍 Riverside 工业村的有关情况，其历史、特点以及工业产品。

交际与语言表达1. 这是一道介绍景点的场景题。

常常是导游或组织者介绍旅游线路或游览地点。

如：曾考过的新西兰“Christ Church”的南极科考站, “agricultural park, industrial village”等。

文中导游介绍了英国的某个工业村庄，谈到了工业化的历史，虽然涉及到一些机械制造中的专业词汇，但是不考查这些专业词汇的拼写。

2. “Now, from where we’ re standing you’ ve got a good view of the river over there.”从我们站的地方看去，那边河流的美景尽收眼底。

“view”表示“景色，美景”。

例如： a fine view of the castle 城堡的美景。

3. “These were built for the workers towards the end of the 18th century and they’re still furnished from that period so you can get a good idea of ordinary people’s living conditions.”这些村舍是在 18 世纪末为工人们建造的，还依然保持着那个年代的装修风格，因此你可以很好地了解当时普通人的生活情况。

“get an idea of”表示“对……所了解”。

4. “If you’ d like to come along, this way please, ladies and gentlemen.”女士们、先生们，如果你们想跟着一起，那我们走这边吧。

Listen to people at a party making small talk. What topic is introduced in each conversation? What closing phrase is used to end the conversation?★First conversationLiz: Hi, … Pete?Pete: Hi, Hello.Liz: I am Liz, Donna’s mother. Donna has told me all about you.Pete: Nice to meet you, Mrs. Morton.Liz: It is nice to meet you, too. So, are you enjoying the party?Pete: Yeah, It is great. This might be the last time I see some of these people for a long time, so I’ve been pretty busy, I haven’t had much time to sample the food.Liz: I know what you mean. I cannot believe that all you kids are finally graduating. Donna has grown up so fast! Do you have any plans after graduation?Pete: Well, I’ve applied for a teaching job overseas. I guess I’ll probably find out if I got the job or not next week.Liz: You’re more adventurous than Donna. She’s going to take a job right here in town, at least for the summer. After that, who knows?Pete: Well, you might be seeing me around here for a while longer, too. Oh,… wait a minute. I’m sorry. I think Dan is leaving the party. Excuse me, Mrs. Morton, I’ve got to talk to him before he goes.Liz: Certainly. It was nice meeting you, Pete.Pete: Same here.Liz: Oh, and good luck with your job search.Pete: Thanks. Thanks a lot.★Second conversationMan 1: You know, I … uh … I kind of like this music.Man 2: Well, it is lively. I’ll stay that for it.Man 1: Great music for dancing.Man 2: Dancing? Yeah. I guess. For young people, anyway.Man 1: What? What, you think we’re too old?Man 2: Oh, no. You’re not thinking…Man 1: And why not? It looks like fun! Why should we sit here while everyone else ishaving a great time?Man 2: If you start dancing to this music, you’re going to make a fool out of yourself.Man 1: Hmm. That’s what you think.Man 2: Anyway, who would you dance with?Man 1: Oh? Is that a challenge?Man 2: Oh, no.Woman: Hey, there. Want to dance?Man 1: Uh,… why,…why, yes, I would, young lady. (turns to Man2) Uh, excuse me. It’s been real nice talking to you, but, uh, I’ve got to go.★Third conversationWoman 1: Mmmm,…this is delicious. I love stuffed grape leaves.Woman 2: Ummm, me, too. It all tastes delicious. Do you think they made all this themselves? Or did they have it catered?Woman 1: Oh, no. George is a great cook. Why would they cater it?Woman 2: Really?Woman 1: Oh, yeah.Woman 2: George cooks?Woman 1: You didn’t know that? Lynn’s always saying that’s half the reason she married him!Woman 2: Well, that is a good reason. She is really lucky. I wish my husband liked to cook. He completely avoids anything that has to do with the kitchen.Woman 1: You know, my husband’s talking about signing up for an Italian cooking class on Saturdays. Oh, I hope he does it.Woman 2: Oh, I wonder if I could convince my husband to do that. I’d sure love being the taste tester for his recipes.Woman 1: Exactly what I was thinking. Well, I’ll let you know when the class starts. Woman 2: Great! Please do. In the meantime, I think I’ll go mention it to him. Talk to you soon.Woman 1: OK. Bye.Listen to Nicole, Tony, and Darren telling different pieces of news. What was the news? What happened exactly?★Nicole: I got some incredible news over the weekend!Man: Yeah? What happened?Nicole: Well, my sister is finally getting married.Man: Really? Well, that is exciting! How long have they been seeing each other?Nicole: Oh, I mean, it’s been over four years. We all knew that they would get married someday, but no one expected it to happen now. And you know what? The funny part is how it happened.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah. OK, listen. They were one a cruise, and one night while they were sitting on the deck of the ship, looking at the stars…Man: Ah,… let me guess. He pulled out a ring and asked her to marry him.Nicole: No, smartly. The other way around. She asked him! She got right down on one knee and proposed.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah! And he was pretty surprised, I think, but of course he immediately said “yes”. Listen, they’re planning a wedding for the fall.Man: Well, that is great news. Yeah,… and I’m sure they’ll be very happy together. Nicole: Yeah. Now I have to start thinking about the wedding. I’m going to be a bridesmaid in the wedding, so, you know, I have to buy a dress and then…★Woman: Why the long face, Tony?Tony: Oh, I just got some bad news today.Woman: What happened?Tony: Well, you know my job at the design studio?Woman: Yes.Tony: Well,…Woman: Oh, no!Tony: Oh, yes. Today the boss called me into his office and told me they had to lay me off indefinitely. That means as of April thirtieth, I’m out of work.Woman: Oh!Tony: No more job.Woman: Tony, I am so sorry. You really liked working there.Tony: Yeah, well, it’s not all bad news. There’s still a small chance that the company will call me back in the summer if the work picks up. You never know what’ll happen. They may still need me then.Woman: Oh, this is so sudden. Isn’t it?Tony: Well, sort of. Two other employees lost their jobs last month, and I had a feeling I might be the next one in line. You know, I’ve only been working there ten months, so I don’t have any seniority. If they’re going to lay someone off, it is always going to be the newer employees first.Woman: What are you going to do?Tony: Like I said, I’ve still got a job until the end of the month. Starting in May, I plan to send out resumes and go on some interviews. Depending on the outcome of the interviews,…★Darren: I just found out that my parents are moving.Woman: Mmmm. Are you surprised?Darren: Well, not really. They’ve been trying to sell their house for, gosh, six months to a year now.Woman: Oh, well, I thought they liked it where they were.Darren: They do. They love it. But they’re getting older. Dad wants to live in a smaller town. And Mom says she’s sick and tired of the fast pace and taking care of the house, you know. Woman: Hmmm. So where are they going to move?Darren: You’re not going to believe this!Woman: What? What?Darren: They’re going to Mexico. Can you believe it?Woman: Nope. They’re going to San Miguel de Allende. It’s this gorgeous little town in the mountains.Woman: Wow! I’ve never heard of it.Darren: Ah,… it’s about a hundred and fifty mile northwest of Mexico City.Woman: Wow. Do your parents speak Spanish?Darren: No, but they’re going to learn.Woman: Wow. That is a big change! Why don’t they stay in the U.S.?Darren: Well, they have always wanted to live abroad. Now that they’re retired, they finally get to do it. And my Dad, he adores Mexico. He’d been there six or seven times at least. Woman: Wow. Sounds like this is going to be quite an adventure.Darren: It should be. And San Miguel – it is stunning. The government has made sure that there’s no new buildings ever built there, so the traditional feeling of the town… well, it’s been preserved. Oh, and they make pottery there, which is perfect for my mother because she collects the stuff.Woman: Oh, that’s great for her. So,… I guess now you’re going to have a place to stay in Mexico.Darren: Yeah,…Woman: And a place for your friends to come and visit in Mexico?Darren: Well, if my friends are nice to me, I suppose something could be arranged. Did you have anybody in particular in mind?Woman: Oh, very funny. So, when exactly are they moving?Darren: Oh, in a couple of months. They have to pack up and take care of all the business here. I’m going to help them with the move. I may even try to stay a couple of months if I can swing the time….。