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常用翻译技巧——重复法

常用翻译技巧——重复法
常用翻译技巧 之
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重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition）
这属于谓语动词的重复形成排比句。
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例2．It is customary(往往) for adults to forget how hard and dull and long school was.
成年人往往忘了当年上学的日子多艰苦，多乏味，
多漫长。
副词重复形成排比结构。
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A: 听说当年XXX是你的女神？
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汉语常使用重复修辞，形 成大量的平行对偶结构； 而英语则常设法减少重复。
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例1．May is open windows and lilac(丁香) perfume
on the breeze and bees humming at tulips(郁金香).
五月是敞开的窗户，是微风送来的丁香的芬芳，是郁 金香丛中蜜蜂嗡嗡的欢唱。
7 7
B：她长得又好，人又好，又聪明，谁 会不喜欢？
She is so pretty, so nice and so smart.
后面两个so要好还是不要好？
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See the pretty girl in that mirror there: Who can that attractive girl be? Such a pretty face, Such a pretty dress, Such a pretty smile, Such a pretty me!

英译汉第8讲 翻译技巧之重复法【连淑能英译汉教程】

英译汉第8讲 翻译技巧之重复法【连淑能英译汉教程】

2019/2/17
11
grammatical repetition

重复下义词，代替上义词
An electron tube is generally used for amplification, and vacuum tube is another name for this device. 电子管通常用来放大，而真空管则是电子管的另一名称。 On July 14, 1965, Mariner IV passed within 6,000 miles of Mars and transmitted back to the earth 21 pictures of the surface of that planet. 1965年7月14日，“海员四号”从离火星不到6000英里处经 过，把21张火星表面的照片传回了地球。 The monkey’s most extraordinary accomplishment was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine, the monkey had learned to solo on the vehicle. 这只猴子最了不起的技能是学会驾驶拖拉机。到了九岁的 时候，这只猴子已经学会单独表演驾驶拖拉机了。

重复名词或动词，以代替英语的关系词或连接词
Radar is a newly developed technique by which people can see the things beyond the visibility of them. 雷达是一种新开发的技术，利用雷达人们能看到视线以外的 东西。 We have advocated the principle of peaceful coexistence, which is now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa. 我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前在亚非各国越来越 得人心了。 Peace-loving people can only wish that the victory in election be utilized and consolidated, and that a stable government be formed in that country. 爱好和平的人只希望这次选举的胜利能得到利用，并加以巩 固，也希望该国能建立一个稳定的政府。

2020年MBA英语翻译方法：重复法

2020年MBA英语翻译方法：重复法

2020年MBA英语翻译方法：重复法重复法实际上也是一种增词法，只不过所增加的词是上文刚刚出现过的词。

一、为了明确1.重复名词Water can be decomposed by energy, a current of electricity.参考译文：水可由能量来分解，所谓能量也就是电流。

2.重复动词They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American.参考译文：他们想要确定，他是否履行了受雇条件，是否履行了作为美国公民所应尽的职责。

3.重复代词Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines.参考译文：强国有强国的策略，小国有小国的路线。

二、为了强调1.英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时能够保持同样的词的重复。

Work while you work, play while you play.参考译文：工作时工作，游戏时游戏。

2.英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时能够用同义词重复。

They would read and read the secret notes.参考译文：他们往往一遍又一遍地反复琢磨这些密件。

三、为了生动1.使用两个四字词组He showed himself calm in an emergency situation.参考译文：他在情况危急时，态度从容，镇定自若。

2.使用词的重叠I wasn’t evasive in my reply.参考译文：我的回答并不躲躲闪闪。

3.使用四字对偶词组The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely fair.参考译文：据他看来，这次审判是绝对公平合理的。

英汉翻译法8——重复法

英汉翻译法8——重复法

2.2 练习一参考译文I thought this machine would never be anything but a toy.我原以为这台机器最多只能当成一个玩具，没有什么实用价值。

Early the next morning, after a large breakfast, they departed.第二天一早，饱饱地吃了一顿早餐之后，他们便动身了。

第二天一早，他们吃了一顿丰盛的早餐之后，便出发了。

Do as you would be done by.要别人如何待你，你就该如何待人。

（增加原文比较句中省略的部分）This printer is indeed cheap and fine.这部打印机真是物美价廉。

I could knit when I was seven.我七岁时就会织毛衣。

Steel and iron products are often coated lest they should rust.钢铁制品常常涂上油漆以免生锈2.2.2重复法1．原文为省略表达：英语中和汉语中都有省略现象。

英语多按语法形式省略以避免重复，多省略所有格、形容词和介词后面的名词，助动词、不定式后面的动词，系动词后面的表语，主谓一致时的主语或谓语等。

译为汉语时，这些省略掉的词语往往要补上，这就构成了汉语的重复。

１．重复名词：例１．Aristocratic and democratic tendencies in a nation often show themselves in its speech.一个民族的贵族倾向和民主倾向常在其言语中表现出来。

（重复形容词所修饰的名词）例2．We have advocated the principle of peaceful coexistence, which is now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa.我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前在亚非各国越来越得人心了。

重复译法(1)repetition

重复译法(1)repetition

B). Repeat nouns used as predicatives 1). This has been our position—but not theirs. 这一直是我们的立场—而不是他们的立场。 2). Tom is your friend as much as he is mine. 汤姆既是你的朋友，也是我的朋友。 3). He became an oil baron—all by himself. 他成为一个石油大王—一个白手起家的石油大 王。
2). The chief effects of electric currents are the magnetic, heating and chemical effects. 电流的主要效应是电磁效应、热效应和化学 效应。 3). People use natural science to understand and change nature. 人类利用自然科学去了解自然、改造自然。 4). It was he who first repudiated and breached the understanding. 是他首先否定了这一谅解，破坏了这一谅解。
3). The use of poison gas is clear violation of international law—in particular of the Geneva Convention. 使用毒气显然违反国际法，特别是违反《日 内瓦公约》。 4). Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. 无知是羡慕的根源，也是恐惧的根源。 5). The story of Tom is a story of groans and tears, of a poor fellow ill-treated. 汤姆的故事是一个充满呻吟和泪水的故事， 是一个不幸的人惨遭虐待的故事。

英译汉第8讲翻译技巧之重复法连淑能英译汉教程参考幻灯片

英译汉第8讲翻译技巧之重复法连淑能英译汉教程参考幻灯片

2020/10/5
4
Nanjing University
grammatical repetition
重复被修饰语
Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。
The use of atomic weapons is a clear violation of international law, in particular of the Geneva Convention.
翻译技巧
第八讲
2013-4-23
重复法
repetition
Nanjing University
repetition
grammatical repetition rhetorical reduplication and
repetition
2020/10/5
2
Nanjing University
repetition
我非常钦佩你们决心增强中国经济，并且决心保证使从事社 会主义建设的人民群众能够享受经济发展的成果。
2020/10/5
5
Nanjing University
grammatical repetition
重复修饰语
I identify myself as one of critical lovers and loving critics of the United Nations.
我自认为我既是一个批评联合国的爱护者，又是一个爱 护联合国的批评者。
We need materials which can bear high temperature and pressure.

英汉翻译重复发转

英汉翻译重复发转

英汉翻译重复发转汉语有个明显的特点，也是英语所少见的，就是同义词语的重复。

这种重复在汉语修辞上称为反复，为的是突出某个意思，强调某种感情，以加强读者的印象。

但是在许多情况下，并非出自修辞需要，而是语言本身所固有的。

在翻译中，有时为了忠实于原文，不得不重复某些词语，否则就不能忠实地表达原文意思。

这种反复使用某些词语的翻译方法就叫重复法。

一般说来，重复法有三个作用：一是为了明确，二是为了强调，三是为了生动。

1.名词的重复(1)重复作宾语的名词1)We should learn how to analyze and solve problems.我们应学会如何分析问题、解决问题。

2)A good play serves to educate and inspire the people.一出好戏足以教育人民、鼓舞人民。

3)I had experienced oxygen and/or engine trouble.我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障。

4)It is o1)Work while you work,play while you play.该工作时就工作，该玩时就玩。

2)It is impossible to live in society and be independent of society.生于社会，不能脱离社会。

3)Dead is the monarch,dead the servant who cringed beforehim,dead the city in which they dwelt.君主死了，在他面前卑躬屈膝、阿谀奉承的侍臣死了，他们居住的这个都城也死了。

ur duty to rebuild and defend our homeland.重建家园和保卫家园是我们的职责。

2)重复作表语的名词1)Every single woman Iever know is apuzzle to me,as,I have no doubt,she is to herself.我所认识的每一个女人对我来说都是一个谜，而且我毫不怀疑，她自己对她本人也是一个谜。

英汉翻译重复法课件

英汉翻译重复法课件

英汉翻译重复法
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• 3) But there are clues, and they seem to bear out my earlier suspicion.
• 但还是有蛛丝马迹可寻的。这些蛛丝马迹似 乎都足以证实我最初的揣测。
• 4) When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive.
的名词） • They do some things in that they are men misled and blinded with
error. (重复作表语的名词) • 他们做了某些事情，因为他们是误入歧途的人，是被错误蒙蔽
的人。
英汉翻译重复法
2
• The engineer must have a knowledge not only of what these properties are and mean, but also of how they are determined.
• 过去，我在城里有一所住宅，在山间有栋避暑 的住所，在沙漠地带有一栋御寒的寓所，外出 还有汽车和驾照。
• 4) They were starting from scratch and needed men, guns, training.
• 他们是白手起家的，他们需要人员，需要枪 支，需要训练。
英汉翻译重复法
Lecture Eight
•Repetition •重复法
英汉翻译重复法
1
I. For Clearness
• 1. Repetition of nouns • The People’s Daily guides, educates and encourages the masses. • 《人民日报》指导群众，教育群众，鼓舞群众。（重复作宾语

2016年英语考研翻译技巧之重复法

2016年英语考研翻译技巧之重复法

2016年英语考研翻译技巧之重复法在英语考研的翻译考题中，要想做好这一题目，需要我们掌握一些翻译技巧，下面就和大家分享翻译技巧的重复法，重复法实际上也是一种增词法，增加的词就是上文刚刚出现过的词。

(1)为了明确1)重复名词经典例题: I had experienced oxygen and/or engine trouble.参考译文: 我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障。

经典例题: Water can be decomposed by energy，a current of electricity. 参考译文: 水可由能量来分解，所谓能量也就是电流。

2)重复动词经典例题: They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American. 参考译文: 他们想要确定，他是否履行了受雇条件，是否履行了作为美国公民所应尽的职责。

经典例题: He supplied his works not only with biographies，but with portraits of their supposed authors. 参考译文: 他不仅在他的作品上提供作者传记，而且还提供假想作者的画像。

3)重复代词经典例题: Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines. 参考译文: 强国有强国的策略，小国有小国的路线。

经典例题: He hated failure; he had conquered it all his life，risen above it，despised it in others. 参考译文: 他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且藐视别人的失败。

翻译技巧(1)

翻译技巧(1)

2. 增译法 (amplification) ⒉ 汉译英时的增词情况
汉译英也有增词法，称“词的增补”。概括起来，汉译英需要增补 的有下列9种情况。 ⑴汉语无主语视情况补出主语 例：接到你的来信，非常高兴。 I was very glad to have received your letter. 子曰:“学而不思则罔, 思而不学则殆。” Confucius said: “He who learns without thinking is lost. He who thinks without learning remains puzzled.” ⑵增补物主代词 例：我用手蒙住脸。 I cover my face with my hands. ⑶增补作宾语的代词 按习惯，汉语常常可省略宾语，但英语里，凡及物动词都得有宾语。 例：请原谅，打断你一下。 Excuse me for interrupting you.
1. 重复法 (repetition) ⑴动词的重复 例：We shall overcome all the difficulties so long as we study hard and in a good way. 只要我们学习努力，而且学习得法，我们就能克服学习中 的困难。 ⑵名词的重复 例： We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们要分析问题，解决问题。 ⑶代词的重复 例： Wherever there is matter, there is motion. 哪里有物质，哪里就有运动。 ⑷关键词语的重复 ⑸应用汉语四字词语和重迭词 例： Nels had it all written out neatly. 纳尔斯把它写得清清楚楚。
2. 增译法 (amplification) ⒈ 英译汉的增词情况 ⑴英语中的某些抽象名词、不及物动词或代词，若单独译出， 有时意思不够明确，可分别在其后增加“状态”、“工 作”、“过程”、“现象”、“方式”、“情况”、“作 用”、“部分”、“化”等词。 例：Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty. 氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。 Due care must be taken to ensure that the pulse signal itself shall show no irregularities and no interruptions. 应注意保证脉冲信号本身不出现不规则现象和中断现象。

英汉翻译技巧——重复译法

英汉翻译技巧——重复译法

英汉翻译技巧——重复译法使用重复法的目的主要有三个：一是使意义明确，二是使译文生动活泼，三是加强语势。

一、使意义明确1.重复名词1) We should learn how to analyze and solve problems.2) It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland.3)A good play serves to educate and inspire the people.4)It was he who first repudiated and breached the understanding.5)All of these arrangements were a prelude to the ball, the hostess' ultimate prize.6)They slipped out into the open,avoiding the kitchen, a spacious separate building.2.重复动词1)People forget your face first, then your name.2)Then he spoke of the rise of charity and popular education, and in particular of the spread of wealth and work.3)They talked of things they longed for ─ of meat and of hot soup and of the richness of butter.4)He encouraged this bumptious young ma n to write of his own region──of its bleak poverty and of its women old before their time.3.重复代词1）The country has its romantic feeling.2）However you travel, it’ll take you at least two days.3）Whoever works hard will be respected.4）Choose whatever you like.5）Ignoring a problem does not solve it.6）When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive.二、使译文生动活泼1)grotesque2)careless3)in chaos4)street gossip5)rumors6) Talking and laughing, running and jumping, the children had a good time at sea-side.7) But at that time, she was the only woman there.8) His folks ate up everything he had.三、加强语势1) Would you please please please please please please please stop talking.2)Any my poor fool is hanged. No, no, no life.。

翻译经验方法：重复法(1)

翻译经验方法：重复法(1)

英语知识翻译的重复法是指在译文中适当地重复原文中出现过的词语，以使意思表达得更加清楚；或者进一步加强语气，突出强调某些内容，收到更好的修辞效果。

一般的情况下，英语翻译常常会为了行文简洁而尽量避免重复。

因此，英语经常借助替代、省略或变换等其他表达方法。

相反的，重复却是汉语表达的一个显著特点。

在许多场合某些词语不仅需要重复，而且也只有重复这些词语，语义才能明确，表达才能生动。

为了达到汉语译文准确、通顺和完整的翻译标准，在考研英语翻译中，常常需要将一些关键性的词加以重复。

接下来，天译时代北京翻译公司整理了一些重复法的一些例句，希望对学员有所帮助。

一、重复名词（一）重复英语中作宾语的名词Students must be cultivated to have the ability to analyze and solve problems. 必须培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。

They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting. 他们不太愿意推迟这个会议或者取消这个会议。

（二）重复英语中作表语的名词This has been our position—but not theirs. 这一直是我们的立场——而不是他们的立场。

John is your friend as much as he is mine. 约翰既是你的朋友，又是我的朋友。

（三）重复英语介词前所省略的名词英语中常重复使用介词，而将第二个、第三个介词前的名词省略，翻译时则往往可以重复这些省略的名词。

The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of seventeen hundred ordinary patients. 医生从我身上得到的实践，地比从一千七百个普通病人身上得到的实践还多。

（四）重复定语从句中作先行词的名词英语定语从句常用关系词引导，它一方面代表定语从句所修饰的那个先行词（通常是名词、名词短语或代词），一方面在从句中担任一个成分。

(最新整理)英汉互译八种技巧

(最新整理)英汉互译八种技巧

2021/7/26
3
1. 重复法
1. 汉语重复,英译时也重复;
2. 根据两种语言各自的习惯用法,以不同的表 达方式进行重复,这种重复通常是为了传达 原文的生动性.
2021/7/26
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❖ 重复主要有三种作用： ❖ 1，使译文的意思更加明确； ❖ 2，加强语气，表示强调； ❖ 3，使译文更加生动 这种方法主要用于英译汉，因为英汉语比较起
❖ 增词义增加虚词为多，也可酌量增加实词。
❖ 英译汉时经常增加的词有结构词、数量词、 概念词、语气词等。
❖ 从增补的功能来看，可以分为结构增补、意 义增补和修辞增补。
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❖ I am looking forward to the holidays. ❖ 我们等待假日的到来。
❖ Much of our morality is customary. ❖ 我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。
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❖ 4. 保留习语中的重复 ❖ Long, long ago… ❖ 很久很久以前，··· ❖ The flower is very ,very beautiful. ❖ 这花可美可美了。 5，英语强势词的译法 Whatever, whatsoever, whoever, whomever,
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1. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. (No investigation, no right to speak.)
2. 子曰:“学而不思则罔, 思而不学则殆。” Confucius said: “He who learns without thinking is lost. He who thinks without learning remains puzzled.”

汉英翻译技巧重复部分

汉英翻译技巧重复部分

汉英翻译技巧重复部分C-E汉英翻译技巧：重复（Repetition）这是块宝地！要不是宝地，怎么住的人越来越多？This is a lucky place; if it isn't , why do more and more people come to live here?（吕瑞昌、喻云根、张复星、李嘉祜、张燮泉：《汉英翻译教程》，陕西人民出版社）代替：用代词或别的名词或相当于名词的词来代替重复使用的名词或名词词组。

我们的民族将再也不是被人侮辱的民族了，我们已经站起来了。

（《毛泽东选集》四卷，1439页）Ours will no longer be a nation subject to insult and humiliation. We have stood up.（同上）用do ,do so 或so do 来代替重复出现的主要动词或整个谓语部分。

你答应过借他钱就应当借给他。

You should lend him money since you have promised to do so.用“so” 或“as”代替重复出现的表语或整个从句。

自周秦以来，中国是一个封建社会，其政治是封建的政治，其经济是封建的经济。

（《毛泽东选集》二卷，625页）From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards, Chinese society was feudal, as were its politics and its economy.（同上）那时将不要军队，也不要兵船，不要军用飞机，也不要毒气。

Neither armies, nor warships, nor military aircraft, nor poison gas will then be needed.（同上）合并：将重复词语或结构全部抽提出来，总译一次。

中国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于革命的。

八 重复法,词类转换法

八 重复法,词类转换法

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Translation Skill--Conversion (词类转换法)
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Definition
The skill to change word’s part of speech is called conversion. It is employed to make the translation smoother and more expressive.
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转译成动词
大量使用 名词 是英语的一个重要标志， 而汉语中则大量使用动词动词
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老拴还踌躇着，这黑的人便抢过灯笼，一把拽 下纸罩，裹了馒头，塞与老拴，一手抓过洋钱， 捏一捏，转身去了，嘴里哼着说…… （连动式） 晴雯先接出来，笑道： 好啊，叫我研了墨，早 起高兴，只写了三个字，哄我等了这一天，快 来给我写完了这些末才算呢！（连动式， 兼语 式） 拍案叫绝 / 打草惊蛇/ 见异思迁/ 引狼入室 / 请君入翁 /指鹿为马
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A.名词转译成动词
1. 2.
3.
He is a good eater and sleeper. The appearance of the books on the market caused a sensation. He is a lover of Chinese paintings.
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1. They went on strike in demand of a 40 percent wage increase. 他们举行罢工 要求工资增加40%。 罢工， 工资增加 他们举行罢工，要求工资增加 。 2. Give me liberty or give me death. 自由， 毋宁死 不自由， 毋宁死。 3. He is an enemy to reform. 反对改革 改革。 他反对改革。 4. Difference between the social system of states shall not be an obstacle to their approach and cooperation. 国与国社会制度的不同应妨碍彼此的接近与合作。 妨碍彼此的接近与合作 国与国社会制度的不同应妨碍彼此的接近与合作。

翻译技巧8之必要重复

翻译技巧8之必要重复

Translation Skills (8)RepetitionI. 英语回避重复的主要方法1.指代法：即使用代词（主要是人称代词、物主代词、指示代词以及用于非限制性定语从句的关系代词等）来回避重复。

I met John on the street yesterday. He was walking beside his sister. They were going to see a film. Mary is standing at the door, with her hand in her pocket.2. 换词法：即使用范畴词、上下义词、同义词或准同义词来回避重复。

The monkey’s extraordinary feat was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine, this remarkable animal had learned to drive the vehicle single-handed.电视的表达法：Television receiver, television, television set, TV, TV set, boob tube, telly, goggle box, idiot box3.省略法：即删去句中相同的词语来回避重复。

I like strong tea, but I suppose weak is better for you.They are not known to retreat. They never have and never will.A: Would you like to go with me,B: Yes, I’d like to.This orange is ripe. I know from its color.英语回避重复的主要方法4.保留介词法：即保留同一个介词以回避名词、动词或形容词的重复。

英汉翻译(8)重复法(1)

英汉翻译(8)重复法(1)

• 5) They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting. • 他们非常不愿意推迟这次会议或取消 这次会议。 • 6) Odette needs and deserves admiration─it is the element that contents her. • 奥德蒂需要让人羡慕，而且也值得让 人羡慕——这正是她感到满意的一点。
• 1. When we reflected on the labors and pains, the cares, disquiet, and dangers which attended the road to greatness... • 2. And Homer! Is not he likewise human? Even Homer may sometimes nod. To err is human. • 3. It is part of the general theory of democracy that all human beings are equal in the sense that they all have some basic rights and that all should be treated alike. • 4. Stephen came out of the hot mill into the damp wind and cold wet streets, haggard and worn. • 5. I was struck by their cordiality. • 6. Most were absorbed into the Russian empire through colonial expansion under the Tsars. • 7. There lied one of the chief difficulties. • 8. Don't take it seriously. I'm just making fun of you. • 9. I was extremely worried about her, but this was neither the place nor the time for a lecture or an argument. • 10) Birds fluttered and cheeped among the budding fruit trees, Insects buzzed and tickled.

重复译法(1)repetition解析

重复译法(1)repetition解析

At times, the verb is still to be repeated in Chinese even if the prepositions have been omitted in English, as is shown in the following (有时英语中连前置词也省略了，
3). May I extend my hearty congratulations to the Chinese athletes, through you, for the glowing success of their performance at the Beijing Olympic Games, which is now inspiring the entire country. 让我通过您衷心地祝贺中国运动员，祝贺他 们在北京奥运会上获得的辉煌胜利, 这个胜利 正鼓舞着全国人民。 4). All of these arrangements were a prelude to the ball, the hostess’ ultimate prize. 所有这些安排都只是这次舞会的序曲，舞会才 是女主人的最终目的。
Repetition 重译法
1. Definition Repetition: the way the key words are repeated in a given sentence or paragraph or passage in such a way as to conform to the idiomatic usage of the target language in E-C and C-E translation. 为了明确、强调或生动，需要在翻译中重复 某些关键性词语。重译法其实也是一种增词 法，只是所增加的是上文出现过的词语。目 的有三: (1).使意义明确；(2). 表示强调；(3). 使译文生动。
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• 1. When we reflected on the labors and pains, the cares, disquiet, and dangers which attended the road to greatness... • 2. And Homer! Is not he likewise human? Even Homer may sometimes nod. To err is human. • 3. It is part of the general theory of democracy that all human beings are equal in the sense that they all have some basic rights and that all should be treated alike. • 4. Stephen came out of the hot mill into the damp wind and cold wet streets, haggard and worn. • 5. I was struck by their cordiality. • 6. Most were absorbed into the Russian empire through colonial expansion under the Tsars. • 7. There lied one of the chief difficulties. • 8. Don't take it seriously. I'm just making fun of you. • 9. I was extremely worried about her, but this was neither the place nor the time for a lecture or an argument. • 10) Birds fluttered and cheeped among the budding fruit trees, Insects buzzed and tickled.
• 11、频率、波长和声速三者是密切相关的。 • 12、他买了一辆飞鸽牌自行车。 • 13、这次论战的胜利意味着文明对愚昧的胜利，科学对迷信的胜 利，真理对谬误的胜利。 • 14、先头部队在强攻中遇到了顽强的抵抗，伤亡惨重，于是，作 战略上的撤退，以便采取迂回战术，发动新的攻势。 • 15、《摩登时代》这部影片反映了资本主义社会的一个侧面：人 和人之间除了赤裸裸的，冷酷无情的“现金交易”的关系外，就 再也没有任何别的关系了。 • 16、倘若八月的某个下午，沿着大街溜达，那的确是百无聊赖的。 • 17、如今巴黎街头，阿尔及利亚人已寥寥无几了。 • 18、温度升高，水体随之而增大。 • 19、他悄悄地推开门，溜出房间，为了不惊醒她。 • 20、仓库重地，不准吸烟。 • （注：1—12句为增词法，其中汉语粗体为翻译时所增；13— 20句为减词法）

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11) The frequency, wave length and speed of sound are closely related. 12. He has bought a Dove. 13. This victory in polemics means the victory of civilization over ignorance, of science over superstition and of truth over falsehood. 14. The advance echelon met with a stubborn resistance. in a drive, suffering serious casualties, and beat a strategic retreat for a new offensive by outflanking tactics. 15. The film "Modern Times" reflects a profile of the capitalist society that there exists no other nexus between man and man than naked and callous "cash payment. 16. If you walk along the main street on an August afternoon, there is nothing whatsoever to do. 17. There are fewer Algerians to be found on the streets in Paris now. 18. As the temperature increases, the volume of water becomes greater. 19. He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her. 20. Smoking is not allowed in the store-house.
• 1、每当思念起他们在成为伟人的路途上所费的力气，受的痛苦， 担的心思以及冒的风险…… • 2、荷马！他不同样也是人吗？即便是荷马有时也可能打盹（智 者千虑，必有一失），犯错人所难免。 • 3、民主的一般理论，有一个部分是说人类都是平等的。他们都 有些基本权利, 同时，也都应该受到同等待遇。 • 4、斯蒂芬从闷热的工厂出来，进入凄风冷雨的街道上，形容憔 悴，筋疲力竭。 • 5、我为他们的热诚行为身受感动。 • 6、大部分土地是在历代沙皇统治下，通过殖民扩张而并入俄罗 斯帝国的。 • 7、那是当时的主要困难之一。 • 8、不要认真嘛，我不过开个玩笑罢了。 • 9、我真替她万分担忧，但此时此地，既不宜教训她一番，也不 宜与她争论一通。 • 10、鸟儿在出芽的果树上翻飞，虫儿在空中嗡嗡叫，碰在人脸上 怪痒痒的。