华南理工大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语综合水平测试2006

华南理工大学考研真题法语2006I. 选择正确的词或词组填空（20%）1. Elle a soif, donnez-___________ de l’eau.[A] le [B] la[C] lui [D] elle2. Pour prendre un bon repas, il faut ___________ l’argent,n’est-ce pas?[A] beaucoup [B] beaucoup de[C] bien [D] de3. Je veux achet er quelque chose ____________ pour l’anniversaire de ma mère.[A] bon [B] bonne[C] de bonne [D] de bon4. ___________sa patience, il n’est pas arrivé à convaincre son frère.[A] Bien que [B] Quelque que[C] Malgré[D] Quoique5. On ne doit pas penser seulement à ___________, mais aussi aux autres.[A] soi [B] lui-même[C] elle –même [D] tout le monde6. Il retourne voir ses parents une année __________ quatre.[A] pour [B] sur[C] par [D] à7. Nous ne voyons __________qui puisse nous intéresser dans ce magasin.[A] rien [B] quelque chose[C] peu de chose [D] pas un8. J’avais envoyé un mot pour vous prévenir ________aller vous voir.[A] avant [B] avant d’[C] d’[D] après9. Cette région est connue __________ ses vins.[A] pour [B] par[C] grâce à[D] à cause de10. Il considère ces travaux _____________ parfaitement terminés.[A] pour [B] comme[C] en [D] par11. Je préfère lire ________ de perdre mon temps au cinéma.[A] mieux [B] plutôt que[C] plus que [D] au lieu12. Ce bateau sert _________ traverser la rivière.[A] pour [B] de[C] en [D] à13. Il a fini __________ se décider à nous rejoindre.[A] de [B] par[C] à[D] pour14. Très pressé, il a pris le dictionnaire de son voisin _____________le sien.[A] au lieu de [B] avec[C] sans [D] par15. Elle sera la première __________ atteindre le sommet.[A] pour [B] à[C] de [D] par16. Les Français veulent vivre à la campagne pour échapper _________la pollution.[A] de [B] par[C] contre [D] à17. C’est______ le Parti communiste chinois que l’on doit son bonheur.[A] grâce à[B] en[C] avec [D] à18. ___________ difficile que paraisse cette tâche, il nous faut l’accomplir à temps.[A] Quelque [B] Quelle que[C] Quelle [D] Bien que19. __________ il arrive, je dois rester calme.[A] où[B] quel que[C] quoi que [D] quoique20. Je ne veux pas sortir avec vous ________ je ne me sens pas bien.[A] bien que [B] comme[C] depuis que [D] parce queII. 选择适当的动词形式：（15 %）1. ___________ du sport régulièrement, il aurait une santé solide.[A] faisant [B] ayant fait[C] après avoir fait [D] en faisant2. Si j’avais suivi vos conseils, je n’____________ aux examens.[A] n’aie pas échoué[B] n’échouerais pas[C] n’aurais pas échoué[D] n’ai pas échoué3. Nous sommes sûrs que notre avenir ____________ radieux.[A] soit [B] sera[C] serait [D] est4. Il me semble que tu ___________ raison.[A] aies [B] as[C] aurais [D] auras5. Je ne sais pas pourquoi il __________ à la soirée.[A] n’est pas venu [B] ne vienne pas[C] ne soit pas venu [D] n’était pas venu6. Dès qu’ils eurent déjeuné, ils _________ la discussion.[A] ont repris [B] reprenaient[C] avaient repris [D] reprirent7. Aussitôt qu’il __________ la nouvelle de sa réussite, i l lui envoya une lettre de félicitations.[A] a appris [B] avait appris[C] eut appris [D] apprenait8. M Dupont __________ se mettre à table lorsqu’on frappa à la porte.[A] ira [B] irai[C] va [D] allait9. Dans quelques jours, mon ami __________me voir à l’hôpital.[A] est venu [B] viendra[C] vient [D] sera venu10. Elle a promis qu’elle __________ là à l’heure dite.[A] serait [B] sera[C] est [D] était11. En ce moment ils ___________ de ce qui s’est passé hier.[A] parlaient [B] viennent de parler[C] parlent [D] ont parlé12. S’il ____________ chez lui hier soir, il aurait déjà fini son travail.[A] était resté[B] avait resté[C] reste [D] restait13. Il est encore temps de partir pour la gare à condition que vous _______un taxi.[A] ayez pris [B] avez pris[C] prenez [D] preniez14. Il a beaucoup travaillé de sorte qu’il ______________.[A] avait réussi [B] aura réussi[C] a réussi [D] réussisse15. V ous ne croyez pas qu’il ____________ vous aider, vous vous trompez.[A] puisse [B] pourraC: peut [D] pûtIII. 填合适的介词：(19%)1. Ce texte est assez facile ___________ comprendre, mais il est bien difficile _______le traduire en chinois.2. Nous avons décidé __________ouvrir une discussion du texte.3. Il s’agit _________une position de classe.4. Les vives répliques de Cosette obligèrent sa copine ___________ se taire.5. Il est obligé _______ déjeuner sans boire.6. Les capitalistes vivent _______ la sueur des ouvriers.7. L’enfant aide la vieille femme ________ se déc harger de son panier.8. V oulez-vous prévenir mon oncle ________mon arrivée prochaine dans la capitale ?9. C’est moi qui les ai invités _________venir ici.10. Je posai une question _________ l’ouvrier qui me répondit _______ lever les yeux.11. La nourrice promit _______la mère ______ prendre soin du bébé.12. Qui a téléphoné _________ le clerc du notaire ?13. Il arrive _________tout le monde ________ commettre des erreurs. .14. Dites ________ votre frère _______ vous conduire _________l’hôpital.15. La jeune fille servait _________cet homme _______ secrétaire et ________interprète.16. Ma tante ne tardera pas _________ rentrer.17. A-t-il accepté l’invitation? Oui, il a accepté __________venir _______six heures.18. J’ai passé toute la journée _____ dim anche ________corriger mes devoirs.19. Je vais __________ l’épicière, allez chercher du pain __________la boulangerie.20. Ils ont beaucoup _________ se dire.IV．用适当的代词填空：（10%）1. Tu connais Venise? ----- Non, je n’__________ suis jamais allé.2. Tu voulais parler au directeur? Justement, _________voilà: c’est le moment, profites- ______!3. Ce manteau ne me plaît pas, mais regarde, _______ est très bien.4. Ta voiture est différente de __________: elle n’a que deux portes.5. La mode actuelle est plus pratique que _________ nos grands-mères.6. C’est le garçon ________le père est professeur de mathématiques.7. Les enfants _______tu vois jouer dans le jardin sont ceux du voisin.8. Il a rencontré une difficulté à __________ il n’avait pas pensé.9. Je me demande ___________ Jacques peut bien faire en ce moment.10. __________pour soi et Dieu pour tous.V. 中译法：（20 %）1．北京的春天很短，而且经常刮风。

华南理工大学2014年考研专业课真题试卷（原版）626华南理工大学2014年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：英语综合水平测试适用专业：英语语言文学，外国语言学及应用语言学共12页Part I.Reading Comprehension(60marks,2marks each)Directions:There are6passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage1A new study from the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement(CIRCLE)at Tufts University shows that today's youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations,and a2008study from the Center for American Progress adds that increasing numbers of young voters and activists support traditionally liberal causes.But there's no easy way to see what those figures mean in real life.During the presidential campaign,Barack Obama assembled a racially and ideologically diverse coalition with his message of hope and change;as the reality of life under a new administration settles in,some of those supporters might become disillusioned.As the nation moves further into the Obama presidency,will politically engaged young people continue to support the president and his agenda,or will they gradually drift away?The writers of Generation O(short for Obama),a new Newsweek blog that seeks to chronicle the lives of a group of young Obama supporters,want to answer that question.For the next three months,Michelle Kremer and11other Obama supporters,ages19to34,will blog about life across mainstream America,with one twist:by tying all of their ideas and experiences to the new president and his administration,the bloggers will try to start a conversation about what it means to be young and politically active in America today.Malena Amusa,a24-year-old writer and dancer from St.Louis sees the project as a way to preserve history as it happens.Amusa,who is traveling to India this spring to finish a book,then to Senegal to teach English,has ongoing conversations with her friends about how the Obama presidency has changed their daily lives and hopes to put some of those ideas,along with her global perspective,into her posts.She's excited because,as she puts it,"I don't have to wait [until]15years from now"to make sense of the world.Henry Flores,a political-science professor at St.Mary's University,credits this younger generation's political strength to their embrace of technology."[The Internet]exposes them to more thinking,"he says,"and groups that are like-minded in different parts of the country start to come together."That's exactly what the Generation O bloggers are hoping to do.The result could be a group of young people that,like their boomer parents,grows up with9/13a strong sense of purpose and sheds the image of apathy they've inherited from Generation X.It's no small challenge for a blog run by a group of ordinary—if ambitious—young people,but the第1页。

2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, __1__ this is largely because, __2__ animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are __3__ to perceiving those smells which float through the air, __4__ the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, __5__, we are extremely sensitive to smells, __6__ we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of __7__ human smells even when these are __8__ to far below one part in one million.Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, __9__ others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate __10__ smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send __11__ to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell __12__ can suddenly become sensitive to it when __13__ to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it __14__ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can __15__ new receptors if necessary. This may __16__ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not __17__ of the usual smell of our own house but we __18__ new smells when we visit someone else’s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors __19__ for unfamiliar and emergency signals __20__ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1.[A] although [B] as [C] but [D] while2.[A] above [B] unlike [C] excluding [D] besides3.[A] limited [B] committed [C] dedicated [D] confined4.[A] catching [B] ignoring [C] missing [D] tracking5.[A] anyway [B] though [C] instead [D] therefore6.[A] even if [B] if only [C] only if [D] as if7.[A] distinguishing [B] discovering [C] determining [D] detecting8.[A] diluted [B] dissolved [C] dispersed [D] diffused9.[A] when [B] since [C] for [D] whereas10.[A] unusual [B] particular [C] unique [D] typical11.[A] signs [B] stimuli [C] messages [D] impulses12.[A] at first [B] at all [C] at large [D] at times13.[A] subjected [B] left [C] drawn [D] exposed14.[A] ineffective [B] incompetent [C] inefficient [D] insufficient15.[A] introduce [B] summon [C] trigger [D] create16.[A] still [B] also [C] otherwise [D] nevertheless17.[A] sure [B] sick [C] aware [D] tired18.[A] tolerate [B] repel [C] neglect [D] notice19.[A] available [B] reliable [C] identifiable [D] suitable20.[A] similar to [B] such as [C] along with [D] aside fromSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,”with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services”than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________.[A] posing a contrast[B] justifying an assumption[C] making a comparison[D] explaining a phenomenon22. The statement “it is all too monkey”(Last line, paragraph l) implies that ________.[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals[B] resenting unfairness is also monkeys’nature[C] monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions23. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are _____.[A] more inclined to weigh what they get[B] attentive to researchers’instructions[C] nice in both appearance and temperament[D] more generous than their male companions24. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.[A] prefer grapes to cucumbers[B] can be taught to exchange things[C] will not be cooperative if feeling cheated[D] are unhappy when separated from others25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.Text 2Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report: “Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it’s Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. Withthe risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research -- a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that ________.[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as ________.[A] a protector [B] a judge [C] a critic [D] a guide28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis”(Last line, paragraph 4)?[A] Endless studies kill action.[B] Careful investigation reveals truth.[C] Prudent planning hinders progress.[D] Extensive research helps decision-making.29. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?[A] Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.[B] Raise public awareness of conservation.[C] Press for further scientific research.[D] Take some legislative measures.30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because ____.[A] they both suffered from the government’s negligence[B] a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former[C] the outcome of the latter aggravates the former[D] both of them have turned from bad to worseText 3Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”-- the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”And one leading authority says that theseintensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “It’s your dream,”says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.”says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions show up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events -- until, it appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we waken up in a panic,”Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep -- or rather dream -- on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams ________.[A] can be modified in their courses[B] are susceptible to emotional changes[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show ________.[A] its function in our dreams[B] the mechanism of REM sleep[C] the relation of dreams to emotions[D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to ________.[A] aggravate in our unconscious mind[B] develop into happy dreams[C] persist till the time we fall asleep[D] show up in dreams early at night34. Cartwright seems to suggest that ________.[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?[A] Lead your life as usual.[B] Seek professional help.[C] Exercise conscious control.[D] Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text 4Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom,”for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,”has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive -- there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms -- he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china.”A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.36. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English ________.[A] is inevitable in radical education reforms[B] is but all too natural in language development[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture[D] brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s37. The word “talking”(Line 6, paragraph 3) denotes ________.[A] modesty[B] personality[C] liveliness[D] informality38. To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.[B] Black English can be more expressive than standard English.[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.[D] Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.39. The description of Russians’love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s ________.[A] interest in their language[B] appreciation of their efforts[C] admiration for their memory[D] contempt for their old-fashionedness40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates”is to “china”as ________.[A] “temporary”is to “permanent”[B] “radical”is to “conservative”[C] “functional”is to “artistic”[D] “humble”is to “noble”Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into of the numbered blank there are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.41. ________What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care -- to say nothing of reports from other experts -- recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.42. ________But “national”doesn’t have to mean that. “National”could mean interprovincial -- provinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way, one benefit of a “national”organization would be to negotiate better prices, ifpossible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province -- or a series of hospitals within a province -- negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.43. ________A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere while drug costs keep rising fast.44. ________Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow’s report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”45. ________So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent![B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C] What does “national”mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices. [G] Of course the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they canlobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. （46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene. （47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group, while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind.Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. （48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.（49) Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice -- that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of European Investments Bank, will handle the finances necessary for production costs.（50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”-- and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.”A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & fashions. But nowyou find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason (s), and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2005年试题答案及解析第一部分英语知识运用一、文章体裁结构分析这是一篇说明文。

Listening TestI. Listen to the sentences and choose the correct answer.1. a. concession b. brand c. guarantee2. a. nuisance b. aisle c. label3. a. direct access b. mega storage c. affordable4. a. catalog b. features c. exchanges5. a. perishable b. imported c. expiration6. a. guarantee b. high end c. deal7. a. warranty b. nuisance c. electronic equipment8. a. features b. high end c. domestic9. a. produce b. dairy c. poultry10. a. domestic b. perishable c. toiletriesII. You will hear three conversations. At the beginning of each conversation, you will hear a question. Listen to the conversation. Then , circle the best answer.1. a. two b. three c. we don’t know2. a. the elevator b. Annie c. the dog3. a. man guilty of robberyb. man innocent of robberyc. man suspected of robberyIII. Spot dictation: Listen to this conversation twice and fill in the blanks with exact words in the recording .Officer: Now calm down! Are you sure you had your wallet with you? Man: Yes, I’m dead sure (1) I had it with me. Officer: Can you remember who was standing around you?Man: Ah—Well, let me see…Yes, of course. There was this older woman in front of me. She was small and round (2) and had short gray hair. She was wearing a pink raincoat(3) with a matching hat. Oh, I’m sure she couldn’t have stolen mywallet.Officer: Now, don’t be so sure. Sometimes pickpockets are very smart and disguise (4) themselves with special clothing to trick (5) their victims.Man: Oh, I can’t believe that that sweet old woman is a criminal. She must have been as old as my grandmother.Officer: That doesn’t mean anything. Remember, young pickpockets someday become old pickpockets.Man: I still don’t think she did it.Officer: Okay, well can you remember anyone else who was near you? Man: You know there was a very odd-looking (6) man behind me. He was about 5’10”, and between 40 and 50 yearsold.Officer: Could you identify(7) him if we showed you pictures?Man: I think so. He was wearing a long dark coat and had short brown hair. (8). You know, now that I think of it, he looked rather suspicious(9) . He was wearing sunglasses even though it’s dark andcloudy(10) today. Maybe he took my wallet. You’ve got to go inside and find him!IV. Listen to the passage for three times and complete the sentences you have heard .1.The world health organization calls tobacco______________________________________.2.Since cancer can be a long-term consequence of tobacco smoking,_______________________________________________________.3.Cigarette smoke also reduces lungfunction,_______________________________________4.The physical changes taking place inside the body can’t readily beseen _________________5.the skin of the person who smokes is going to_____________________________________I. 1.b 2.a. 3.c 4.b 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.a 10.b II. 1. b 2. b 3. cIII. 1. I’m dead sure2. small and round3. a pink raincoat4. disguise5. trick6. odd-looking7. identify8. had short brown hair.9. suspicious10. dark and cloudyPart 4The world health organization calls tobacco the leading cause of preventable death in the world. In December , the WHO launched a campaign against cigarette smoking in Africa, saying a rapidly growing population is creating “larger and more accessible markets” on the continent for tobacco companies.Since cancer can be a long-term consequence of tobacco smoking, there are much quicker unhealthy effects such as nicotine addiction .A blood clot in the wrong place can stop the flow of blood to the heart, triggering a heart attack. Cigarette smoke also reduces lung function, even if inhaled as second-hand smoke.The physical changes taking place inside the body can’t readily be seen without the aid of medical equipment. But there are telltale signs on the outside.The skin is going to age more rapidly. For instance, if we take some twins, one who smokes and the other one doesn’t, and they do everything exactly the same, the skin of the person who smokes is going to have more wrinkles and is going to look much older. Maybe like even 10 years older.Quitting is not easy, whether it’s done by sheer willpower or with the help of medication. It may take numerous attempts to break the nicotine addiction, but the Johns Hopkins professor says it’s worth it .。