人教版2018-2019学年江苏省泰州市泰兴市实验中学教育集团八年级(下)第一次质检地理试卷解析版

江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2018 -2020年（三年）八年级第二学期期中考试英语试卷分类汇编首字母填空江苏省泰兴市实验初中教育集团（联盟）2019-2020学年八年级下学期期中英语试题八、首字母填空(5分)Want to go on holiday，but don't have enough money for luxury （豪华的）hotels and expensive trips？Backpacking might be right for you．Backpacking is a very c 91 way to travel outdoors．European students and young adults who may not have all that much money often do it．It is called backpacking because，i 92 of using a suitcase （手提箱），people put all their things in a large backpack．They c 93 all the things inside.The most popular places for backpacking are Southeast Asia and South America．The cost isn’t not high in the countries and the w 94 is warm for most of the year．And Australia is also very p 95 ．In 2002，over 400，000 backpackers hit Australia．Sometimes，backpacking can be dangerous．You might walk on a less-travelled path and get into t 96 . As a result, you’d better plan your trip well b97 you start and tell friends or family members about your plans.Backpacking，in fact，is much more than a holiday for young people in E 98 . It is s 99 as a way of learning about the world．Backpackers often travel a 100 for many months. Besides finding the new world, backpacking, people say, is also about “ finding yourself ”.答案：cheap instead carry weather populartrouble before Europe seen alone江苏省泰兴市实验初中教育集团联盟2018-2019学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题八、缺词填空(5分)He’s just 12 years old, but he has started his own school to help other children, and even some adults, with their studies.The boy is Leonardo , from Argentina. He h 91 is still studying in a secondary school. Leonardo loves to study, but he also wants o 92 kids to love studies.One day after seeing some children spending much time playing on the street, he d 93 to do something about it.Last year, w 94 his grandmother’s help, he set up his own school. Today his free private school has nearly 40 young students. He acts b 95 as teacher and headmaster. He is proud that his I 96 has already made a big difference to many of the children.His school is not b 97 . It’s very simple and small. B98 it has benches for all the students, lockers, a small library, blackboard and even a bell.The 12-year-old headmaster does his b 99 to help students with their studies. The students love the school and many say they are studying hard and well now.Leonardo’s story has t100 the whole country and his selflessness and loving heart have already inspired millions of people.答案：91-95 himself other decided with both96-100 idea beautiful But best touched江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2017-2018学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题七、缺词填空（10分）The aim(目的) of students coming to school is to study. But to study needs a right way, o 1 you waste either the time or the money. The following are the ways of s 2 .The best time for reading is m 3 , because in the morning, the __4____ is fresh and the mind is clear. For that reason, we can get good results.In studying we must have patience(耐心). If we have not k 5 a text well, we must read it again. We should not read the next one u 6 we have learned the first one.When we are studying, we must put our hearts into the book, or we can get n 7 from the book while we are reading.We mu st always ask “whys”. If we can’t understand it well, w___8___ it down and ask our teachers or our parents, or friends. I 9 any possible way, we must know it completely and then we can use what we’ve learned better.Though(虽然)there are many ways for studying, yet the above mentioned(提到的) will be quite enough if we can keep them in heart and do s 10 .1. ___________2. __________3. ___________4. ___________5. ___________6. ___________7.___________8.____________9. ___________ 10. ___________ 答案：1-10 or, studying, morning, air, known, until, nothing, write, In, so。

2018-2019学年江苏省泰州市泰兴市八年级（下）期中数学试卷一、选择题（每题2分，共12分）1．（2分）下列图形中，是中心对称图形的有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个2．（2分）下列分式中，最简分式是（）A．B．C．D．3．（2分）下列事件中是必然事件的是（）A．投掷一枚质地均匀的硬币100次，正面朝上的次数为50次B．任意一个六边形的外角和等于720°C．如果a2＝b2，那么a＝bD．13个同学参加一个聚会，他们中至少有两个同学的生日在同一个月4．（2分）下列代数式变形正确的是（）A．＝B．＝﹣C．÷（+）＝+D．＝5．（2分）如图，△ABC中，∠A＝75°，∠B＝50°，将△ABC绕点C按逆时针方向旋转，得到△A′B′C，点A的对应点A′落在AB边上，则∠BCA'的度数为（）A．20°B．25°C．30°D．35°6．（2分）如图，在△ABC中，点D，E，F分别是AB，BC，AC的中点，则下列四个判断中不一定正确的是（）A．四边形ADEF一定是平行四边形B．若∠B+∠C＝90°，则四边形ADEF是矩形C．若四边形ADEF是菱形，则△ABC是等边三角形D．若四边形ADEF是正方形，则△ABC是等腰直角三角形二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）7．（2分）分式有意义的条件是．8．（2分）六张完全相同的卡片上，分别画有等边三角形、正方形、矩形、平行四边形、圆、菱形，现从中随机抽取一张，卡片上画的恰好既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的概率为．9．（2分）当x＝时，分式的值等于0．10．（2分）为了了解我市2018年中考数学学科各分数段成绩分布情况，从中抽取180名考生的中考数学成绩进行统计分析，在这个问题中，样本是指．11．（2分）菱形ABCD的周长为52cm，一条对角线的长为24cm，则该菱形的面积为cm2．12．（2分）一只不透明的袋子中装有红球和白球共30个，这些球除了颜色外都相同，校课外学习小组做摸球实验，将球搅匀后任意摸出一个球，记下颜色后放回，搅匀，通过多次重复试验，算得摸到红球的频率是0.2，则袋中有个红球．13．（2分）若分式方程有增根，则m＝．14．（2分）如图，在矩形ABCD中，对角线AC与BD相交于点O，过点A作AE⊥BD，垂足为点E，若∠EAC＝2∠CAD，则∠BAE＝度．15．（2分）若分式的值是正整数，则m可取的整数有．16．（2分）Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，BC＝4，D为AB中点，点E在AC上，ED平分△ABC的周长，则ED＝．三．解答题17．（6分）计算：（1）（2）++18．（8分）解方程：（1）＝2﹣（2）＝119．（6分）先化简，再求值：，其中x满足x2+3x﹣1＝0．20．（6分）已知＝，求A、B的值．21．（6分）已知△ABC的三个顶点的坐标分别为A（﹣5，0）、B（﹣2，3）、C（﹣1，0）．（1）画出△ABC关于坐标原点O成中心对称的△A1B1C1；（2）将△ABC绕坐标原点O顺时针旋转90°，画出对应的△A′B′C′；（3）若以A′、B′、C′、D′为顶点的四边形为平行四边形，请直接写出D′的坐标．22．（8分）我市为加强学生的安全意识，组织了全市学生参加安全知识竞赛，为了解此次知识竞赛成绩的情况，随机抽取了部分参赛学生的成绩，整理并制作出如下的不完整的统计表和统计图，如图所示，请根据图表信息解答以下问题．（1）一共抽取了个参赛学生的成绩；表中a＝；（2）补全频数分布直方图；（3）计算扇形统计图中“B”对应的圆心角度数；（4）若成绩在80分以上（包括80分）的为“优”等，则所抽取学生成绩为“优”的占所抽取学生的百分比是多少？23．（6分）如图，已知矩形ABCD中，E是AD上的一点，F是AB上的一点，EF⊥EC，且EF＝EC，DE＝4cm，矩形ABCD的周长为36cm，求AE的长．24．（6分）某中学图书馆添置图书，用240元购进一种科普书，同时用200元购进一种文化书．由于科普书单价是文学书单价的 1.5倍，因此学校所购买的文学书比科普书多4本．（1）求文学书的单价是多少？（2）学校买了文学书和科普书一共多少本？25．（8分）在正方形ABCD中，对角线BD所在的直线上有两点E、F满足BE＝DF，连接AE、AF、CE、CF，如图所示．（1）求证：△ABE≌△ADF；（2）试判断四边形AECF的形状，并说明理由．26．（8分）如图1，点C在线段AB上，分别以AC、BC为边在线段AB的同侧作正方形ACDE 和正方形BCMN，连结AM、BD．（1）AM与BD的关系是：．（2）如果将正方形BCMN绕点C顺时针旋转锐角α，其它不变（如图2）．（1）中所得的结论是否仍然成立？请说明理由．（3）在（2）的条件下，连接AB、DM，若AC＝4，BC＝2，求AB2+DM2的值．2018-2019学年江苏省泰州市泰兴市八年级（下）期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（每题2分，共12分）1．（2分）下列图形中，是中心对称图形的有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个【解答】解：图1，图3是中心对称图形．故选：B．2．（2分）下列分式中，最简分式是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：A、分子不能分解因式，因而分式不能再化简，是最简分式，故此选项正确；B、原式＝，不是最简分式，故此选项错误；C、原式＝x+2，不是最简分式，故此选项错误；D、原式＝a+4，不是最简分式，故此选项错误．故选：A．3．（2分）下列事件中是必然事件的是（）A．投掷一枚质地均匀的硬币100次，正面朝上的次数为50次B．任意一个六边形的外角和等于720°C．如果a2＝b2，那么a＝bD．13个同学参加一个聚会，他们中至少有两个同学的生日在同一个月【解答】解：A、投掷一枚质地均匀的硬币100次，正面向上的次数为50次是随机事件；B、任意一个六边形的外角和等于720°是不可能事件；C、如果a2＝b2，那么a＝b是随机事件；D、13个同学参加一个聚会，他们中至少有两个同学的生日在同一个月是必然事件；故选：D．4．（2分）下列代数式变形正确的是（）A．＝B．＝﹣C．÷（+）＝+D．＝【解答】解：A、＝＝，故选项错误；B、＝﹣，故选项错误；C、÷（+）＝÷＝，故选项错误；D、＝＝，故选项正确．故选：D．5．（2分）如图，△ABC中，∠A＝75°，∠B＝50°，将△ABC绕点C按逆时针方向旋转，得到△A′B′C，点A的对应点A′落在AB边上，则∠BCA'的度数为（）A．20°B．25°C．30°D．35°【解答】解：∵△ABC中，∠A＝75°，∠B＝50°，∴∠BCA＝180°﹣∠A﹣∠B＝45°，∵将△ABC绕点C按逆时针方向旋转，得到△A，B，C，点A的对应点A，落在AB边上，∴AC＝A′C，∴∠A＝∠CA′A＝75°，∴∠ACA′＝180°﹣∠A﹣∠CA′A＝20°，∴∠BCA′＝∠BCA﹣∠ACA′＝25°，故选：B．6．（2分）如图，在△ABC中，点D，E，F分别是AB，BC，AC的中点，则下列四个判断中不一定正确的是（）A．四边形ADEF一定是平行四边形B．若∠B+∠C＝90°，则四边形ADEF是矩形C．若四边形ADEF是菱形，则△ABC是等边三角形D．若四边形ADEF是正方形，则△ABC是等腰直角三角形【解答】解：∵点D，E，F分别是AB，BC，AC的中点，∴EF＝AD＝DB＝AB，DE＝AF＝FC＝AC，EF∥AB，DE∥AC∴四边形ADEF是平行四边形故A正确，若∠B+∠C＝90°，则∠A＝90°∴四边形ADEF是矩形，故B正确，若四边形ADEF是菱形，则AD＝AF，∴AB＝AC∴△ABC是等腰三角形故C不一定正确若四边形ADEF是正方形，则AD＝AF，∠A＝90°∴AB＝AC，∠A＝90°∴△ABC是等腰直角三角形故D正确故选：C．二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）7．（2分）分式有意义的条件是x≠1．【解答】解：由题意得：x﹣1≠0，解得：x≠1，故答案为：x≠1．8．（2分）六张完全相同的卡片上，分别画有等边三角形、正方形、矩形、平行四边形、圆、菱形，现从中随机抽取一张，卡片上画的恰好既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的概率为．【解答】解：等边三角形是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形，正方形是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，矩形是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，平行四边形不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，圆是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，菱形是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，卡片上画的恰好既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的概率为＝，故答案为：．9．（2分）当x＝﹣1时，分式的值等于0．【解答】解：∵分式的值等于0，∴x2﹣1＝0，1﹣x≠0，解得：x＝﹣1．故答案为：﹣1．10．（2分）为了了解我市2018年中考数学学科各分数段成绩分布情况，从中抽取180名考生的中考数学成绩进行统计分析，在这个问题中，样本是指从中抽取的180名考生的中考数学成绩．【解答】解：样本是指从中抽取的180名考生的中考数学成绩，故答案为：从中抽取的180名考生的中考数学成绩．11．（2分）菱形ABCD的周长为52cm，一条对角线的长为24cm，则该菱形的面积为120 cm2．【解答】解：∵菱形ABCD的周长等于52cm，∴边长＝52÷4＝13cm，∵AC⊥BD，AO＝CO，BO＝DO，BD＝24，∴OA＝5，∴AC＝10，∴菱形的面积为10×24÷2＝120cm2．故答案为：120．12．（2分）一只不透明的袋子中装有红球和白球共30个，这些球除了颜色外都相同，校课外学习小组做摸球实验，将球搅匀后任意摸出一个球，记下颜色后放回，搅匀，通过多次重复试验，算得摸到红球的频率是0.2，则袋中有6个红球．【解答】解：设袋中有x个红球．由题意可得：＝0.2，解得：x＝6，即袋中有6个红球，故答案为：6．13．（2分）若分式方程有增根，则m＝2．【解答】解：方程两边都乘（x﹣3），得m＝2+（x﹣3），∵方程有增根，∴最简公分母x﹣3＝0，即增根是x＝3，把x＝3代入整式方程，得m＝2．故答案为2．14．（2分）如图，在矩形ABCD中，对角线AC与BD相交于点O，过点A作AE⊥BD，垂足为点E，若∠EAC＝2∠CAD，则∠BAE＝22.5度．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是矩形，∴AC＝BD，OA＝OC，OB＝OD，∴OA＝OB═OC，∴∠OAD＝∠ODA，∠OAB＝∠OBA，∴∠AOE＝∠OAD+∠ODA＝2∠OAD，∵∠EAC＝2∠CAD，∴∠EAO＝∠AOE，∵AE⊥BD，∴∠AEO＝90°，∴∠AOE＝45°，∴∠OAB＝∠OBA＝＝67.5°，∴∠BAE＝∠OAB﹣∠OAE＝22.5°．故答案为22.5°．15．（2分）若分式的值是正整数，则m可取的整数有3，4，5，8．【解答】解：∵分式的值是正整数，∴m﹣2＝1、2、3、6，则m＝3、4、5、8这四个数，故答案为：3、4、5、8．16．（2分）Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，BC＝4，D为AB中点，点E在AC上，ED平分△ABC的周长，则ED＝2．【解答】解：作DH⊥AC于H，则DH∥BC，∵D为AB中点，∴H是AC的中点，DH＝BC＝2，设AE＝x，由题意得，CE＝x﹣4，∴AC＝2x﹣4，∴CH＝AC＝x﹣2，则HE＝CH﹣CE＝x﹣2﹣（x﹣4）＝2，由勾股定理得，DE＝＝2，故答案为：2．三．解答题17．（6分）计算：（1）（2）++【解答】解：（1）＝•＝；（2）++＝﹣+＝．18．（8分）解方程：（1）＝2﹣（2）＝1【解答】解：（1）去分母得到：x＝4x﹣2+3，解得：x＝﹣，经检验x＝﹣是分式方程的解；（2）去分母得：x2+2x+1﹣4＝x2﹣1，解得：x＝1，经检验x＝1是增根，分式方程无解．19．（6分）先化简，再求值：，其中x满足x2+3x﹣1＝0．【解答】解：＝＝＝＝3x2+9x，∵x2+3x﹣1＝0，∴x2+3x＝1，∴原式＝3x2+9x＝3（x2+3x）＝3×1＝3．20．（6分）已知＝，求A、B的值．【解答】解：+＝＝，即＝，∴，∴解得：A＝B＝．21．（6分）已知△ABC的三个顶点的坐标分别为A（﹣5，0）、B（﹣2，3）、C（﹣1，0）．（1）画出△ABC关于坐标原点O成中心对称的△A1B1C1；（2）将△ABC绕坐标原点O顺时针旋转90°，画出对应的△A′B′C′；（3）若以A′、B′、C′、D′为顶点的四边形为平行四边形，请直接写出D′的坐标（﹣3，4）、（3，﹣2）、（3，6）．【解答】解：（1）如图所示，△A1B1C1即为所求；（2）如图所示，△A′B′C′即为所求；（3）D′的坐标（﹣3，4）、（3，﹣2）、（3，6）．故答案为：（﹣3，4）、（3，﹣2）、（3，6）．22．（8分）我市为加强学生的安全意识，组织了全市学生参加安全知识竞赛，为了解此次知识竞赛成绩的情况，随机抽取了部分参赛学生的成绩，整理并制作出如下的不完整的统计表和统计图，如图所示，请根据图表信息解答以下问题．（1）一共抽取了40个参赛学生的成绩；表中a＝6；（2）补全频数分布直方图；（3）计算扇形统计图中“B”对应的圆心角度数；（4）若成绩在80分以上（包括80分）的为“优”等，则所抽取学生成绩为“优”的占所抽取学生的百分比是多少？【解答】解：（1）抽取的学生成绩有14÷35%＝40（个），则a＝40﹣（8+12+14）＝6，故答案为：40，6；（2）直方图如图所示：（3）扇形统计图中“B”的圆心角＝360°×＝72°．（4）成绩在80分以上（包括80分）的为“优”等，所抽取学生成绩为“优”的占所抽取学生的百分比＝×100%＝65%．23．（6分）如图，已知矩形ABCD中，E是AD上的一点，F是AB上的一点，EF⊥EC，且EF＝EC，DE＝4cm，矩形ABCD的周长为36cm，求AE的长．【解答】解：在Rt△AEF和Rt△DEC中，EF⊥CE．∴∠FEC＝90°．∴∠AEF+∠DEC＝90°．而∠ECD+∠DEC＝90°．∴∠AEF＝∠ECD．（3分）在Rt△AEF与Rt△DCE中，∵，∴Rt△AEF≌Rt△DCE（AAS）．∴AE＝CD．AD＝AE+4．∵矩形ABCD的周长为32cm．∴2（AE+ED+DC）＝36，即2（2AE+4）＝36，整理得：2AE+4＝18，解得：AE＝7（cm）．24．（6分）某中学图书馆添置图书，用240元购进一种科普书，同时用200元购进一种文化书．由于科普书单价是文学书单价的 1.5倍，因此学校所购买的文学书比科普书多4本．（1）求文学书的单价是多少？（2）学校买了文学书和科普书一共多少本？【解答】解：（1）设文学书单价为x元/本，科普书单价为1.5x元/本，依题意，得：﹣＝4，解得：x＝10，经检验，x＝10是该方程的解，且符合题意．答：文学书的单价是10元/本．（2）200÷10×2﹣4＝36（本）．答：学校买了文学书和科普书一共36本．25．（8分）在正方形ABCD中，对角线BD所在的直线上有两点E、F满足BE＝DF，连接AE、AF、CE、CF，如图所示．（1）求证：△ABE≌△ADF；（2）试判断四边形AECF的形状，并说明理由．【解答】证明：（1）∵正方形ABCD，∴AB＝AD，∴∠ABD＝∠ADB，∴∠ABE＝∠ADF，在△ABE与△ADF中，∴△ABE≌△ADF（SAS）；（2）连接AC，四边形AECF是菱形．理由：∵正方形ABCD，∴OA＝OC，OB＝OD，AC⊥EF，∴OB+BE＝OD+DF，即OE＝OF，∵OA＝OC，OE＝OF，∴四边形AECF是平行四边形，∵AC⊥EF，∴四边形AECF是菱形．26．（8分）如图1，点C在线段AB上，分别以AC、BC为边在线段AB的同侧作正方形ACDE 和正方形BCMN，连结AM、BD．（1）AM与BD的关系是：AM＝BD且AM⊥BD．（2）如果将正方形BCMN绕点C顺时针旋转锐角α，其它不变（如图2）．（1）中所得的结论是否仍然成立？请说明理由．（3）在（2）的条件下，连接AB、DM，若AC＝4，BC＝2，求AB2+DM2的值．【解答】解：（1）∵四边形ACDE和四边形BCMN都为正方形，∴AC＝DC，∠ACD＝∠BCD＝90°，BC＝CM，在△AMC和△DBC中，，∴△AMC≌△DBC（SAS）．∴AM＝BD，∠CAM＝∠CDB，延长AM交BD于F，∵∠AMC＝∠DMF，∴∠ACM＝∠DFM＝90°，∴AM⊥BD；故答案为：AM＝BD且AM⊥BD；（2）如果将正方形BCMN绕点C逆时针旋转锐角α，其它不变，（1）中所得的结论仍然成立，理由如下：在正方形ABCE和正方形BCMN中，AC＝CD，CM＝BC，∠ACD＝∠MCB ＝90°，∵∠ACM＝90°+∠MCD，∠DCB＝90°+∠MCD，∴∠ACM＝∠DCB，在△ACM和△DCB中，，∴△AMC≌△DBC（SAS）．∴AM＝BD，∠CAM＝∠CDB，∵∠AFC＝∠DFG，∴∠ACF＝∠DGF＝90°，∴AM⊥BD．（3）如图2，连接AD、BM，∵AC＝4，BC＝2，由勾股定理得：AD2＝42+42＝32，BM2＝22+22＝8，∵AM⊥BD，∴∠AGB＝∠DGM＝∠AGD＝∠BGM＝90°，∴AB2+DM2＝AG2+BG2+DG2+GM2，∵AD2+BM2＝AG2+DG2+BG2+MG2＝32+8＝40，∴AB2+DM2＝40．。

江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2018 -2020年（三年）八年级第二学期期中考试英语试卷分类汇编回答问题江苏省泰兴市实验初中教育集团（联盟）2019-2020学年八年级下学期期中英语试题六、回答问题(No more than five words)(5分)I was coming back from hunting and walking along a broad path on thegarden, with my dog running in front of me.Suddenly he started running slowly, and began to walk quietly as if(好像) there were some wild animals nearby.I looked along the path, and I knew he saw a baby sparrow, with yellow about its beak(喙的四周长着嫩黄色羽毛) and down(绒毛) on its head. It fell out of the nest(鸟巢) because of the strong wind and sat unable to move on the ground.My dog was slowly going near it.Moving with great speed down the tree nearby, an old sparrow fell like a stone right before thenose of my dog, untidy, very afraid and making pitiful sounds. It ran to save. It lay beside the youngsparrow. In full fear, it gave itself up to the dog. My dog must have looked really big and terrible to it! But it left the safety to risk saving its child, bringing a powerful force to my dog.At first, my dog stopped moving, then moved back... It was clear that he knew this force.I movedfast to call my dog back and went away full of respect.Yes, do not laugh. I felt a deep respect to the old bird because it showed great courageand love.Love, I thought, is stronger than death or the fear of death.Only by it, by love, life is kept togetherand moves forward.76.What did the dog see at first?77.Why did the young sparrow come down from its nest?78.Why did the old bird fly down from the tree?79.What did the writer think the old bird showed?80.What did the writer think is stronger than death or the fear of death?答案：76. A baby/young sparrow.77. Because of the strong wind.78. To save the/its baby/young sparrow. To risk saving its child/To save its baby/child79. Great courage and love.80. Love江苏省泰兴市实验初中教育集团联盟2018-2019学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题六、阅读表达(5分)It’s quite right tot say that one man’s rubbish is another man’s treasure—The winners at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games(残奥会) will receive medals made of rubbish.Olympic host cities traditionally get the medal from mining(采矿) companies. But Japan isn’t rich in mineral resources(矿产资源）.It decided to make medals in an environmentally friendly way: by using the metal collected from e-rubbish. This isn’t an easy thi ng, because, to make all the gold, silver and bronze medals for the 2020 Games, it needs over 30.3 kg of gold,4,100 kg of silver and 2,700 kg of bronze.How does the Tokyo Organizing Committee make it happen? It started the Medal Project and set up co llection centers(usually post offices and other public places) across 1,594 cities in Japan. Since April 2017,Japanese people, companies as well as athletes have been encouraged to send e-rubbish, such as old phones, broken cameras and computers to the centers.Although the collection activity came to an end this March, it killed two birds with one stone—people around Japan take part in the preparation work; they now care more about the environment, believing that recycling is a good idea.(No more than five words)76. What did Japan decide to use to make medals for the2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games?77. Where do host cities traditionally get the medal ?78. How much gold does it need to make all the medals?79. When did it begin to collect rubbish?80. Japanese people think recycling is a good idea, don’t they?答案：76. The metal collected from e-rubbish.77. From mining companies.78. Over 30.3 kg.79. In April,2017.80. Yes, they do.江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2017-2018学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题A．阅读短文, 回答问题.A smartphone company, Xiaomi Technology, was set up in Beijing in 2010. Now it has become one of China’s leading mobile phone companies. Some people skipped work and school to wait in line to buy its main product: Mi phones. The man behind this craze is Lei Jun. The 47—year—old is the co—founder and CEO of Xiaomi. “He helped make online buying popular in China,” said CCTV. All Mi phones were sold online.Lei was born in Xiantao, Hubei, in 1969. At the age of 18, he entered Wuhan University. A book that he read there changed his life. It was Fire in the Valley, which te lls the stories of the founders of famous IT companies in the US, such as Apple’s Steve Jobs.“People become great because they have dreams,” said Lei. The book inspired his dream: to run a big company like Apple.After graduation, Lei joined Kingsoft, a software company. In 16 years, he became one of the top IT company leaders. But that’s not the only thing he wanted. “I had my dream not realized and it was calling for me every night,” said Lei.At the age of 41, he co—founded Xiaomi. Now, there are more than 14 million Mi phone users. Becoming a household name in such a short time seems to be impossible, but Xiaomi has made it. That’s also what “Mi” stands for.1. Who is Lei Jun? (no more than 6 words)_________________________________________2. What did some people do in order to buy Mi phones? (no more than 9 word)_________________________________________3. How did Xiaomi sell its phones? (no more than 1 word)_________________________________________4. Which book has changed Lei Jun’s life? (no more than 4 word)_________________________________________ 5. What is Lei Jun’s dream? (no more than 7 word) _________________________________________答案：1.The co-founder and CEO of Xiaomi.2. They skipped work and school to wait in line .3. Online.4. Fire in the Valley.5. To run a big company like Apple.。

2019年春学期期中考试八年级物理试卷（时间：90分钟，总分：100分）第一部分选择题(共24分)一、选择题（每题4个选项中只有1个符合题意.每题2分，共24分）1．下列情况中，铁块的质量发生变化的是（）A．铁块表面用锉刀锉光滑 B．铁块熔化成铁水C．铁块压轧成薄铁片 D．铁块从地球运到月球2．为了揭示大自然的奥秘，科学家们进行了探索.下列说法错误的是（） A．汤姆生发现了电子，从而揭示了原子是可以再分的B．卢瑟福建立了类似行星绕日的核式结构模型C．近代科学家提出质子和中子都是由被称为夸克的更小粒子组成的D．天体和微观粒子都在不停地运动，其中太阳是宇宙的中心3．小明用一个最多能装5kg水的塑料桶装满酱油，则桶内酱油的质量（）A．等于5kg B．大于5kg C．小于5kg D．无法确定4．下列实例中，材料的选用与描述的物理属性不相符的是（）A．电线的线芯用铜制成，是因为铜的导电性好B．房屋的天窗用玻璃制成，是因为玻璃的透光性好C．划玻璃的刀刃用金刚石制成，是因为金刚石的硬度大D．水壶的把手用胶木制成，是因为胶木的导热性好5．下列说法正确的是（）A．只有相互接触的物体才会产生力的作用B．踢出去的足球受到踢力和重力的作用C．“孤掌难鸣”说明“一个物体不能产生力的作用”D．手握住绳子提起一条鱼，该鱼所受拉力的施力物体为手6．如果没有重力，下列说法中不正确的是（）A．河水不流动 B．物体没有质量C．一跳起来就会离开地球 D．茶杯里的水倒不进嘴里7．下列实例中，为了减小有害摩擦的是（）A．擦黑板时，用力压紧黑板擦 B．鞋底上刻有凹凸不平的花纹C．在拔河比赛中，用力握紧绳子 D．旅行箱下装有小轮子8．下列过程中，有一个力的作用效果与其他三个不同，它是( ) A．把橡皮泥捏成不同造型 B．进站的火车受阻力缓缓停下C．苹果受重力竖直下落 D．用力把铅球推出9．物理课本静止放在水平桌面上，下列各对力中属于平衡力的是（）A．桌子受到的重力和物理课本对桌面的压力B．物理课本受到的重力和物理课本对桌面的压力C．桌子受到的重力和桌面对物理课本的支持力D．物理课本受到的重力和桌面对物理课本的支持力10．在“用托盘天平测物体质量”时，小明用已调节好的天平在测物体质量过程中，通过增、减砝码后，发现指针指在分度盘的中央刻度线左边一点，这时他应该( )A．将游码向右移直至横梁重新水平平衡 B．将右端平衡螺母向左旋进一些C．把天平右盘的砝码减少一些 D．将右端平衡螺母向右旋出一些11．下列现象中，没有利用惯性的是( )A．跳远运动员助跑一段距离才起跳B．苹果熟了，从树上落向地面C．掷出去的铅球在空中继续向前飞行D．上岸后的鸭子振动翅膀将水抖掉12．如图所示是“竹筷提米”实验.玻璃杯和米被慢慢提起后，与玻璃杯所受重力相平衡的力是（）A. 米对竹筷产生的压力B. 竹筷对米的摩擦力C. 米对玻璃杯的摩擦力第12题图D. 手对竹筷向上的提力第二部分非选择题(共76分)二、填空题(每空1分，共24分)13．请在下面的数字后面填上适当的单位：①一只苹果重约1.5 ②一瓶矿泉水的容积大约是500③初二物理课本的质量是0.25 ④空气密度1.2914．小明一家使用共享汽车出行时闻到上一位租车人留下的一股早餐的味道，从物理学角度分析这是由于分子____________.汽车启动后发动机温度升高，需要使用冷却液，它是由水和乙二醇为原料混合而成的，配制冷却液时将乙二醇加入水中，二者混合后实际的总体积小于混合前水和乙二醇的总体积，这说明分子间__________.将两个表面光滑的铅块相互紧压后,发现它们会粘在一起,这说明表明分子之间存在______力.固体和液体很难被压缩是因为分子间存在______力.15．在干燥的天气里，用塑料梳子梳干燥的头发，头发会随梳子飘起来，这是因为梳子和头发带种电荷的缘故；头发会越梳越蓬松，主要原因是头发间带种电荷（两空均选填“同”或“异”）.这种用塑料梳子梳头发使梳子和头发带电的现象叫，其实质是的转移.16．我们常说“铁比木头重”是指铁的比木头大；冬天里，户外装满水的水缸常会出现破裂是因为水缸里的水结成冰后，其质量，密度，体积（后三空均选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”）．17．某医院急诊室的氧气瓶中，氧气的密度为8kg/m3，给急救病人供氧用去了氧气质量的1/4，则瓶内剩余氧气的密度是______kg/m3.18．2018年2月，我国运动员武大靖打破世界记录夺得平昌冬奥会短道速滑金牌.在比赛中他用脚向后蹬冰面，人向前运动且速度加快，这不仅说明力的作用是_______，还可以说明力可以改变物体的_________，滑过终点线后，由于_______他仍向前滑行.19．重250N的箱子放在粗糙程度相同的水平地面上，小明用30N的力水平推这个箱子，刚好能使其做匀速直线运动，当他用100 N 的力水平推这个箱子运动时，地面对箱子的摩擦力大小为_______N.20.如图所示，物体A 、B 叠放在水平地面上，对A 施加水平向右的拉力F ，拉力大小为20N ，此时A 、B 刚好一起向右做匀速直线运动，则A 和B 之间的摩擦力为____N ，地面与B 之间的摩擦力为____N ，物体B 在竖直方向受到了____个力（填数字）.三、解答题（共52分.其中第21、22、23题每题6分，第22、23题需写出解题过程，其余每空1分）21．根据题目要求作图：（1）在图1中画出南瓜所受到的重力的示意图；（2）如图2所示，箱子随着汽车在平直的公路上一起向右匀速行驶，请画出此时箱子受力的示意图(不计空气阻力)；（3）如图3所示，物体静止在斜面上，请画出物体对斜面的压力的示意图.22．一铁球的质量为237g ，体积为50cm 3，在空心部分注满某种液体后，球的总重为2.53N ．①求空心部分的体积；②求液体的密度.（g 取10N/Kg ，ρ铁＝7.9×103kg/m 3）23．某种绳子能承受的最大拉力为40000N ，利用它能直接提起地上质量为2t 的箱子吗？此箱子在水平路面上滑动时，所受阻力为箱子重的0.05倍，小明水平推箱子，推力为多大时，恰好能使箱子做匀速直线运动？（g 取10N/Kg ）图3 图 1 图2 第20题甲图17乙50 40 30 20 10ml0 1 2 3 4 5g2010gg24．学完密度的知识后，小明想知道所喝的早餐奶的密度，于是和小刚到实验室分别用不同的器材进行了测量.（1）小明利用天平、量筒、烧杯测量早餐奶的密度过程如下：①将天平放在________桌面上，游码移到___________处，调节平衡螺母，使指针指在分度盘中央的刻度线处，这时横梁平衡；②在烧杯中倒入适量的早餐奶，用天平测出烧杯和早餐奶的总质量为84.2g；将烧杯中的早餐奶的一部分倒入量筒中，如图甲所示，则量筒内早餐奶的体积是______cm3；③再用天平测出烧杯和剩余早餐奶的质量，所加砝码和游码的位置如图乙所示，其质量为______g；④经过计算可知，早餐奶的密度为ρ＝____g/cm3.（2）实验中小刚发现自己桌上没有量筒，思考了一会儿后，他利用天平、水（水的密度已知用ρ水表示）、烧杯也测出了早餐奶的密度，操作过程如下：①用天平测出空烧杯的质量m；②用天平测出烧杯和装满水的质量m1；③用天平测出烧杯和装满早餐奶的质量m2.请你根据他测得的物理量计算出早餐奶的密度表达式ρ＝ ________（用字母表示）.小明针对小刚的实验设计进行评估后，认为小刚设计的操作过程有不妥之处，你认为该不妥之处是___________________________________．25．某物理实验兴趣小组的同学在探究“影响物体重力大小的因素”实验中，进行了如下的实验探究：第一组：探究物体重力的大小跟物体形状的关系，他们用橡皮泥为实验对象，用小刀将橡皮泥雕刻成各种形状进行实验，实验数据如下表所示. 分析实验数据，第一组的同学得出实验结论：物体重力的大小与物体的形状有关.他们的结论正确吗？请你对此实验过程及实验结论作出评价并说明理由：_________________________________________.第二组：探究物体的重力的大小跟物体的质量的关系，他们找来了三个质量不同的木块甲、铁块乙、橡皮泥丙.请你帮他们设计这次探究的全过程，完成如下工作：（1）猜想：物体的重力与物体的质量成_______.（2）在实验过程中，需要的测量工具有______________.（3）写出探究过程的主要步骤：______________________________________. （4）根据测得的数据，得出结论：若重力与质量的比值_____，则猜想正确.反思：课本中在探究重力的大小和质量关系时选用了若干钩码和弹簧测力计，对比第二组选用的器材，你认为课本中选用钩码的好处是：______________________________________________________.26．在探究“滑动摩擦力的大小与什么有关”的实验中，所用装置如图甲所示．（1）从弹簧测力计直接读出的是拉力大小，实验中需要让拉力与木块所受滑动摩擦力大小相等，则应满足的主要条件是：将木块放在水平桌面上，用弹簧测力计沿________拉动，使其做__________．根据___________的知识可得拉力大小等于滑动摩擦力的大小.（2）拉动木块前，应将测力计沿________方向放置，然后进行调零．（3）利用如图所示的装置进行相关实验后，在木块上再叠放另一个木块来进行实验．分析叠放木块与不叠放木块两种情况对应的数据，是为了验证下列猜想中的________．（填字母）A ．滑动摩擦力的大小与压力大小有关B ．滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面的粗糙程度有关C ．滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面积大小有关D ．滑动摩擦力的大小与运动的速度大小有关（4）交流评估时，某实验小组提出：实验过程中，弹簧测力计的示数不容易稳定．可能的原因是_______．（填字母）A. 木板的长度太长B. 木板表面的粗糙程度不均匀C. 弹簧测力计的分度值太大D. 木块与木板的接触面积太大（5）生活中不仅有滑动摩擦，还有静摩擦等．如图乙所示，下列判断正确的是_______．（填字母）A. 瓶子没有掉下来是手对瓶子的握力作用B. 当增大手对瓶的握力时，手与瓶间的摩擦力变大C. 当向瓶中装入水时，手与瓶间的摩擦力变大27．小华利用如图甲所示器材“探究二力平衡的条件”．（1）将卡片上的两根线跨放在支架的滑轮上，并在两个线端分别挂上钩码，使作用在卡片上的两个拉力方向相反，且在一条直线上．当卡片平衡时，从第26题图甲 第26题图乙第27题图甲第27题图乙钩码数量看，卡片两边所受的拉力________．（2）为探究不在同一直线上的两个力能否能平衡，可将卡片________(旋转/翻转)，松手后观察其能否平衡．（3）为了验证只有作用在同一物体上的两个力才能平衡，在图甲所示情况下，小华下一步的操作是： ．（4）小华还利用弹簧测力计代替图甲中的钩码进行了探究，发现两个力的大小还有较小的差距，你认为形成差距的原因是 ．（5）在探究同一问题时，小明将木块放在水平桌面上，设计了如图乙所示的实验，同学们认为小华的实验明显优于小明的实验．其主要原因是_____．（填字母）A ．小卡片是比较容易获取的材料B ．减少摩擦力对实验结果的影响C ．容易让小卡片在水平方向上保持平衡D ．小卡片容易扭转28．小明用如图甲所示的实验装置探究阻力对物体运动的影响．他在水平台面上分别铺上不同材料，让同一小车从斜面上的同一高度由静止滑下，在小车停下的位置分别做上标记a 、b 、c.（1）将同一小车从同一斜面的同一高度由静止滑下是为了使小车到达水平面时____________．这一操作体现出的科学探究方法是___________法.（2）若水平面上铺的材料种类是木板、棉布、玻璃板，则标记c 是小车在________表面上停下的位置．（3）由上述实验可知：小车受到的阻力越小，运动的路程越________．（4）对上述实验进行分析并进一步推理：如果运动的物体在没有受到力的作用时，将____________________．（5）在大量实验事实基础上，牛顿概括出了著名的牛顿第一定律．它揭示了力不是____________________，而是_________物体运动状态的原因.它是人们公认的物理学基本定律之一.（6）通过上面的探究后，小明再思考如下的问题，如图乙所示，摆球从A 点由静止释放摆到右侧最高点C 时如果摆球所受的力忽然全部消失，那么摆球将________(往回摆/静止/做匀速直线运动)．（7）小刚也利用了小明的实验器材进行了探究，但他在实验时却出现了两次小车冲出水平台面的情况，无法比较小车运动的路程，他回顾了整个探究过程，操作规范，思考片刻他决定利用原有器材重新进行探究.你认为他重新探究时应注意________________________.第28题图甲 第28题图乙参考答案一、选择题（每题4个选项中只有1个符合题意．每题2分，共24分） 13．N 、ml （或cm 3）、kg 、kg/m 314．在永不停息地做无规则运动、有空隙、吸引力、排斥力15．异、同、摩擦起电、电子 16．密度、不变、变小、变大 17．6 18．相互的、运动状态、惯性 19．3020．20、20、3三、解答题（共52分.其中第21、22、23题每题6分，其余每空1分）21． 图略 22. 20cm 3 0.8×103kg/m 3 23．能 1000N24．（1）① 水平、零刻度线 ②40 ③34.2 ④1250（2）(m 2-m 0) ρ水/m 1-m 0 烧杯装满液体用天平称质量时易溢出，不易操作（答案合理即可）25． 不正确，没有控制质量一定 （1）正比 （2）天平和弹簧测力计（3）用天平分别测出甲、乙、丙的质量，用弹簧测力计分别测出甲、乙、丙的重力（4）为定值钩码的质量已知，省去了测质量这一环节或钩码的质量可以成倍改变，便于发现规律26．（1）水平方向、匀速直线运动、二力平衡（2）水平（3）A （4）B （5）C27．（1）大小相等 （2）旋转 （3）用剪刀将卡片从中间剪开（4）轮与轴之间的摩擦不同或未校零或存在读数误差（答案合理即可）（5）B28.（1）初速度相同、控制变量（2）玻璃板（3）远（4）做匀速直线运动（或永远运动下去）（5）维持物体运动的原因、改变（6） 静止（7）适当降低小车释放的高度 题号 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 答案 A D B D C B D A D A B C。

江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2018 -2020年（三年）八年级第二学期期中考试英语试卷分类汇编阅读理解江苏省泰兴市实验初中教育集团（联盟）2019-2020学年八年级下学期期中英语试题阅读理解(15分)(A)Book your birthday party here！The Children’s Museum has 3 floors of hands-on exhibits for the kids to play. Therewill be no mess at your home！Call 337-433-9420 for information: Monday-Saturday:10 am -4:30pm & Sunday: 1 pm- 4:30pmWe have 2 plans to meet your needs:Plan AYou bring the cake and enjoy the party. We will do the set-up and clean-up.We provide:♦ A party room for an hour and 45 minutes♦All the paper products such as invitations, party bags and party hats ♦A T-shirt for the birthday child♦Punch& Ice CreamPlan BWe provide the space and you do the rest. You do the set-up and clean-up and bring everything for your party.We provide:♦ A party room for an hour and 45 minutes ♦Cleaning supplies♦A birthday hat for the birthday child Cost:$205.00 for non-members$180.00 for members36.Each party room can be used for __________.A. one hourB. three hoursC. about 100 minutesD. about 150 minutes47. According to Plan A, which of the following won’t be pr ovided?A. Birthday cake.B. Party hats.C. Birthday invitations.D. Paper bags.48. According to Plan B, the birthday children will be offered_________.A. a free T- shirtB. a birthday hatC. Punch& Ice CreamD. some school supplies49. Which of the following is TRUE according to the reading?A. You must book 4 months ahead .B. You can’t call for information on weekendsC. The party rooms are not provided on Sunday afternoons.D. Being a member of the museum can save you 25 dollars.50. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To introduce some birthday party choices.B. To help people make their home clean.C. To compare two birthday party plans.D. To show the exhibits of the Children’s Museum.( B )Henry lives a very hard time. His wife has just died. He feels that life without her is pointless. For months, Henry sits in his house, doing nothing. His family try to encourage him to do new things and enjoy life, but they’re not successful.Henry’s neighbo r, an old woman named Lisa, sees him from her yard one day. She has not seen him outside in days! She asks him to come closer to the fence (篱笆) next to her house.“Hello, Henry! Just look at this fence. It is falling apart. You are a strong man. Can you help me fix this fence?” Lisa asks.Henry is angry inside. He is the one who needs help right now. He thinks the old lady is being kind of rude. But she is too old to fix the fence herself, so he says yes.Henry works on the fence for days. Lisa brings him lemonade when he works. When he finishes, she thanks him. Henry smiles for the first time in months.“What a wonderful job! Could you please paint it for me?” Lisa says to him.Henry cannot believe she is asking for more help. Doesn’t she know how sad he is? But beca use he respects her, he agrees. He works really hard, painting the fence in the hot sun, but Lisa’s lemonade and encouragement are helpful. As their neighbors pass by, they all tell Henry what a beautiful job he has done. Henry feels very happy.Henry no longer feels that life is pointless. He finally realizes that Lisa is not rude. She knows that staying busy can help to forget sorrows（悲伤）. He helps her, but she truly saves him.51. The underlined word “pointless” means “____ ” in Chinese.A. 平淡无奇的B. 没有意义的C. 无忧无虑的D. 没有变化的52. How did Lisa help Henry to forget his sadness?A. She encouraged him to make friends with other neighbors.B. She forced him to get to know more neighbors.C. She advised him to find a part-time job in his free time.D. She asked him to do some things to make him busy.53. Why does Henry agree to paint the fence?A. Because he has nothing to do.B. Because he wants to talk to someone.C. Because Lisa is not good at painting.D. Because Lisa is someone he respects.54. Which is the right order of Henry’s feelings?A. Crazy → happy → angry → surprisedB. Sad → angry → happy → thankfulC. S ad→wonderful→ thankful—proudD. Angry → surprised → bored → happy55. What can we learn from the story?A. Asking others for help isn’t easy.B. Staying busy can help us forget troubles.C. It is hard to make friends with neighbors.D. We can save our own lives in many ways( C )Deborah Sampson was born in Massachusetts, US in 1760. She was the fifth oldest of the seven children in her family. The family was so poor that the mother sent the kids off to live with friends and relatives. At the age of 5, Deborah was taken in by an old woman and was then sent to work as a servant(佣人) in another home one year later.At the age of 10, she helped with the housework and worked on a farm for about eight years, growing to be about 173 cm tall, almost 30 cm taller than the average woman of her day. Hard physical work helped her develop a strong body.She dreamed of going on some adventures（冒险）. When the American Revolutionary War（美国独立战争）broke out in 1775, women were not allowed to serve in the army. But Deborah dressed herself to look like a man and joined the army in 1782. She called herself Robert Shurtliff.One day, during an attack, Deborah was shot (射中) in the back and leg. Another soldier took her to the hospital. A doctor treated the wound on her back and asked if she had any other wounds. Deborah lied and said no. She was afraid that if the doctor examined her leg, he would find out her secret. The bullet was deep in her leg. Using a pocket knife, Deborah took it out. She left the hospital and continued to fight.After the war ended, Deborah got married and had children. But she was still thirsty for adventure. So she put on her soldier’s uniform and traveled a round the country telling of her life as Robert Shurtliff, the young and brave soldier.56. Deborah Sampson started to work as a servant in .A. 1760B. 1765C. 1766D. 177057. Deborah joined the army successfully because of the following reasons EXCEPTthat .A. she dressed herself like a manB. she used a man’s nameC. she had a strong bodyD. The old woman asked her58. The word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to (指的是) .A. the pocket knifeB. the bulletC. the secretD. her leg59. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Deborah?A. Deborah didn’t tell the doctor she had another wound when being asked.B. Deborah treated the wound in her leg by herself.C. Deborah walked to the hospital after being shot.D. Deborah went on fighting in the war after being treated.60. What was the story mainly about?A. Deborah’s adventurous life.B. Reasons why Deborah liked adventures.C. A big poor family Deborah had.D. Fight for women’s right.答案：(A)CABDA (B)BDDBB (C) CDBCA江苏省泰兴市实验初中教育集团联盟2018-2019学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题四、阅读理解(15分)AYou are not going to believe this! A Japanese sweets maker made a rocketusing candy as fuel (燃料), and it went up in the air on March 7.With 20 soft candies, Candy Rocket went 248 meters high.A big paper boat is floating on the water! It is 3.6 meters long and weighs100kg. Morwenna Wilson, a British man, made it and put it on a lake in SouthLondon. This paper boat can even carry an adult.It must be amazing for skiers to try this. It is a bedroom in a cable carabove the snowy mountains of Courchevel, France. It is 2,700 meters high. Ithas basic living things and can hold 4 people. You can enjoy beautiful nightviews in the air and arrive at the top the next day.Pandas are traveling around the world! In the capital city of Malaysia, KualaLumpur, 1,600 pandas got together at the square. They will go to 15 famousplaces in Malaysia. French artist Paulo Grangeon made these pandas with paper.He started his project Pandas on Tour in 2008 and traveled to more than 20countries. It is to tell people to protect pandas.51.If you are interested in staying in a paper boat on a lake, you should go to _____.A. JapanB. EnglandC. FranceD. Malaysia52. How many people can stay in the bedroom in a cable car?A. 4.B. 15.C. 20.D. 24853. Why did Paulo Grangeon make 1,600 pandas with paper?A. To travel around the world.B. To enjoy beautiful night views.C. To become famous in the world.D. To ask people to protect pandas.54. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. A Japanese scientist made the candy rocket and it went up in the air on March 7.B. Several adults can stay in the paper boat on a lake in South London.C. Skiers can stay in the bedroom in a cable car for a night.D. Paulo Grangeon is good at making paper pandas as well as paper boat.55. Where can you probably read this passage?A. In a newspaper.B. In a novel.C. In a dictionary.D. In a history bookBClassic books never go out of fashion. The Outsider first came out in 1967. But even though the book is old, it is still worth reading. The book is written by US writer S.E.Hinton.The book tells the story of a 14-year-old boy called Ponyboy Curtis. He struggles with (挣扎于) right and wrong in a society where he believes he is an outsider. The story took place in Oklahoma, US, in 1965.In the book, the children are divided into two groups. One includes Curtis and Greasers, which are mostly made up of poor kids. They have longer hair and they smoke at a young age. The other group is called the Socs, which is made up of rich children. They wear expensive clothes and drive high-tech cars. Those two groups do not get along well. The book only shows us two weeks of the boy’s life. But unexpected things happen and change the boy’s life forever.I was touched by friendship among the boys. When any of them had a problem, the others would help. Although they are not well educated , they are kind and brave. For example, when Johnny was hurt and in hospital, his friends visited him almost every day. They brought him food and told him interesting stories. I always dreamed of having kind and strong friendships like this.This book shows the beautiful personalities in those ordinary people. I advise that teenagersread this book and I hope they can enjoy it.56.What dose the writer mean by saying “Classic books never go out of fashion.”?A.Books for classroom reading are popular.B. Good books are worth reading all the time.C. Students should read some fashionable books.D. Classic books are about fashion.57.The story in the book took place _____.A.in 1965B. in 1967C. More than 14 years agoD. we don’t know58.The writer divided the boys into two groups according to _____.A.their families’ wealthB. their looksC. their studiesD. their ages59.The writer always dreamed about _____ in his life.A.healthB. knowledgeC. friendshipD. books60.The writer wrote this text to _______.A.tell us his early lifeB. introduce a book to studentsC. explain what is right and wrong to usD. tell us a storyCWhen I was a kid in Minnesota, watermelon was expensive. One of my father’s friends, Bernie, was a rich businessman, who owned a large store in St. Paul.Every summer, when the first watermelons arrived, Bernie would call. Dad and I would go to Bernie’s place. We’d sit on the edge of the dock（码头）, feet dangling（摇晃）, and got ready for a big meal.Bernie would take his knife, cut our first watermelon, hand us both a big piece and sit down next to us. Then we’d bury our faces in watermelon, eating only the heart—the reddest, juiciest, firmest, sweetest, most seed-free part—and throw away the rest.Bernie was my father’s idea of a rich man. I always thought it was because he was such a successful businessman. Years later, I realized that it was not Bernie’s wealth itself but his way of dealing with it that my father liked. Bernie knew how to stop working, get together with friends and eat only the heart of the watermelon.What I learned from Bernie is that being rich is a state of mind. Some of us, no matter how much money we have, will never be free enough to eat only the heart of the watermelon. If you don’t take the time to dangle your feet over the dock and enjoy life’s small pleasure, your work is probablyhurting your life.For many years, I fo rgot that lesson I’d learned as a kid on the loading dock. I was too busy making all the money I could.Well, I’ve relearned it. I hope I have time left to enjoy the success of others and to take pleasure in the day. That’s the heart of the watermelon. I have learned again to throw the rest away.61.Who would go to Bernie’s place when the first watermelons arrived every summer?A. The writer’s dadB. The writerC. Bernie’s dadD. The writer and his dad62. We learned from the second paragraph that the writer and his father were feeling ______.A. relaxedB. worriedC. hungryD. lonely63. How did the writer and his father eat the watermelon?A. They ate it in a polite way.B. They only ate its best part.C. They ate every part of it.D. They shared only one piece.64. In the eyes of the writer’s father, Bernie ______.A. was just a rich businessmanB. worked hard all the timeC. lived a rich but healthy lifeD. knew how to make money65. The underlined part “the heart of the watermelon” in the last paragraph means ______.A. the best part of the watermelonB. the writer’s busy lifeC. the writer’s decision of making moneyD. the writer’s hope of enjoying life答案：BADCA BAACB DABCD江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2017-2018学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题四、阅读理解(15分)AI moved here three years ago, and because of my business, I needed to fly both to Taiwan and the United States often. When I traveled alone, I felt lonely because I couldn’t speak English well. I made a decision that I had to study English and very hard.I like to be in Rita Colina’s class at the Chinese Community Center in Houston. I have manychances to speak and talk to others. Before I came to the class, I always walked away when I met any foreigner. I know that pronunciation, grammar and conversation are very important for me so I came to this class. It’s completely different now. I try to communicate with Americans in English by myself. It’s really great for a person like me to live here. Now I like to talk to foreigners. I like to go to American supermarkets, Starbuck’s coffee shops and the post office. I can drive anywhere I like to go because I know the road signs. Not only the skill of life becomes more flexible (灵活的), but also I really like to live here.I learn English in four ways: First of all, I listen to what the teacher teaches in class. Then I keep speaking during the class. Second, I do my homework right away when I get home. I memorize at leas t five vocabulary words everyday. Third, I listen to American radio stations, and I watch the news channels and other American programs with my family every day. I ask them whatever I don’t know. Finally, I go to American stores as often as possible so I will have more chances to learn more new words, and find any chance to talk to Americans in English.Anyway, the most important thing is not to be afraid to open your mouth. It doesn’t matter even though you speak incorrectly. It’s a good start. I’m very grateful for the teaching and encouragement from Ms. Colina. That is the key to the door of learning English for me.46. The writer flew both to Taiwan and the United States ______.A. as a teacherB. on businessC. as a language learnerD. on vacation47. The writer felt lonely when she travelled alone because ______.A. she was not very good at EnglishB. she couldn’t speak Chinese wellC. she missed her parents very muchD. she knew nobody on the plane48. The writer ______ before coming to Rita Colina’s class.A. used to talk to foreignersB. could drive anywhere she wanted to goC. would not like to meet any foreignerD. practiced English in supermarkets, coffee shops and the post office49. The underline d word “grateful” in the last paragraph means “______”.A. beautifulB. carefulC. successfulD. thankful50. The passage is mainly about ______.A. how the writer moved to AmericaB. the writer’s story in learning EnglishC. something abo ut Rita Colina’s classD. Ms Colina’s ways of teaching EnglishBJim is forty years old. He has two children and they are growing up fast. His daughter Lisa is 16 and his son Harry is already in a middle school. As they grow bigger, their house seems to get smaller. So they want to sell some of their things and give the money to a children's home.They have already cleared out a lot of things from the house. Each of them has decided to sell five things they no longer use. Harry was quite sad at first. He has played with his old toys for a long time, but he still wanted to keep them. For example, he has owned a model plane since his fourth birthday, and he played with it al most every week until he was about seven. And he didn't want to lose his toy monkey, either. He slept next to the monkey every night when he was a child. Lisa was more understanding, but she also felt sad to part with certain toys.As for Jim, he didn't want to give up his football shirts, but, to be honest, he has not played for a while now. He is getting older, too!51. Why did Jim's family want to sell some of their things?A. Some of their things are useless.B. They want to move to a bigger house.C. Their house is not big enough for the family.D. Some of their things are no longer in fashion.52. What do they want to do with the money?A. Buy some new toys.B. Give it to a children's home.C. Help the homeless people.D. Go travelling.53. How did Harry feel at first?A. Unhappy.B. Excited.C. Angry.D. Full of joy.54. Which word has the same meaning with the underlined words "part with"?A. loseB. haveC. cleanD. check55. What did Jim give up?A. A model plane.B. A toy monkey.C. Football shirts.D. Nothing.CIn Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining (请客) at home. They often invite friends for a meal, a party or just for coffee and conversation.Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their homes: “Would you like to come over for dinner this Saturday night?” “Hey, we’re having a party on Friday. Can you come?”To answer an invitation, either say thank you and accept or say you are sorry and give an excuse. “Thanks, I’d love to. What time would you like me to come?” or “Oh, sorry. I’ve t ickets for a movie.”Sometimes, however, people in the west use expressions (语句) that sound like invitation but which are not real invitation. For example, “Please come over for a drink sometime.” “Why not get together for a party sometime?” or “Why don’t you come over and see us sometime soon?” They are really polite ways of ending a conversation. They are not real invitations because they don’t mention(提到、涉及) a certain time or date. They just show that the person is trying to be friendly. To answer expressions like this, people just say, “Sure, that would be great!” or “OK! Thanks.”So next time when you hear what sounds like an invitation, listen carefully. Is it a real invitation or is the person just being friendly?56.Where do Canadians and Americans usually invite their friends for meals according to (根据) the article?A. At homeB. At the parkC. At the restaurantD. At the hotel57. Which of the following is NOT a real invitation?A. Please go to the concert with me some day.B. Would you like to have a cup of tea with us this evening?C. I’ve two tickets here. Can you go to the cinema with me?D. If you are free now, let’s go to Wang’s for a drink.58. If people s ay, “Why not get together for a party sometime?”, you just say “__________”A. I’m glad to hear that.B. How about this evening?C. Oh, sorry. I’m very busy.D. That’s great. Thanks.59. People use “an unreal invitation” in order to show __________.A. th ey’re trying to be friendlyB. they’re trying to make friends with othersC. they have already got ready for a partyD. their spirit of generosity60. The passage is mainly about __________.A. entertainment at homeB. real invitations or notC. expressions of starting a conversationD. ways of ending a conversation 答案：BACDB CBAAC AADAB。

江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2018-2019学年八年级下学期期末考试语文试题一、选择题1.下面各句中，标点符号使用合乎规范的一项是（）。

A. 人的一生，总是在不停地尝试，尝试拥有，尝试放弃；人的一生，又始终在不断地追求，追求自由，追求幸福。

B. 挫折与磨难面前，你是做畏缩逃避的懦夫？还是做奋起搏击的勇士？C. “最重要的是，”他说道：“我们心中要有对弱者的同情与爱心。

”D.鲁迅先生称赞“史记”是“史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》”。

2.下列划线成语使用有误的一项是（）A. 对于那些在一线抢救的医护人员来说，个人的安危简直微不足道。

B. 诸葛亮―生“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”，是中国传统文化中忠臣与智者的代表人物。

C. 课堂上老师要找一个同学来给大家讲讲《西游记》中孙悟空三打白骨精故事，有个同学大声说：“老师，这个鲜为人知的故事，连我的爷爷奶奶和那幼儿圆的弟弟妹妹都会讲啊，能不能换一个？”D.小芳正在台上演讲她的作文，别看她平时支支唔唔，演讲起来慷慨淋漓，一反既往。

二、书写（共1题；共4分）3.文章从解释________这个概念入手，接着________，介绍了“生物入侵者”给人类带来的危害、对生态环境的破坏作用，再________，最后讨论对策。

三、默写4.默写。

（1）________ ，病树前头万木春。

（2）________ ，燕然未勒归无计。

（3）不畏浮云遮望眼，________。

（4）山行六七里，________ ，酿泉也。

（5）请为如图配上符合画意的两个古诗词名句。

________ ，________。

四、名著导读5.《天上的街市》一诗引发了同学们对天空的无尽遐想，为此，班级开展了“我所了解的天空”综合性学习活动，请你积极参与并完成下列题目。

（1）写出两个跟天空有关的成语。

（2）默写出两句带“天”字的诗句。

（3）列举两个跟天空有关的神话故事或民间传说。

五、综合性学习6.下面语段中有两个病句，请把它们找出来，并加以改正。

2018-2019学年江苏省泰州市八年级（下）期末数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共 6 小题，共 18 分）1、(3分) 下列数学符号中，届于中心对称图形的是（）A. B. C. D.2、(3分) 下列说法正确的是（）A.明天的天气阴是确定事件B.了解本校八年级（2）班学生课外阅读情况适合作抽查C.任意打开八年级下册数学教科书，正好是第5页是不可能事件D.为了解高港区262846人的体质情况，抽查了5000人的体质情况进行统计分析，样本容量是50003、(3分) 如果把分式2xyx−y中的x和y都扩大为原来的2倍，那么分式的值（）A.不变B.缩小2倍C.扩大2倍D.扩大4倍4、(3分) 已知反比例函数y=-6x，下列结论中不正确的是（）A.图象经过点（3，-2）B.图象在第二、四象限C.当x＞0时，y随着x的增大而增大D.当x＜0时，y随着x的增大而减5、(3分) 点A（4，3）经过某种图形变化后得到点B（-3，4），这种图形变化可以是（）A.关于x轴对称B.关于y轴对称C.绕原点逆时针旋转90°D.绕原点顺时针旋转90°6、(3分) 已知m、n是正整数，若√2m +√5n是整数，则满足条件的有序数对（m，n）为（）A.（2，5）B.（8，20）C.（2，5），（8，20）D.以上都不是二、填空题（本大题共 10 小题，共 30 分）7、(3分) 式子√x −3在实数范围内有意义，则x 的取值范围是______． 8、(3分) 化简：2xx+1+1−xx+1=______．9、(3分) 在一个不透明的布袋中，红色、黑色、白色的玻璃球共有60个，除颜色外，形状、大小、质地等完全相同．小刚通过多次摸球实验后发现其中摸到红色、黑色球的频率稳定在15%和45%，则口袋中白色球的个数很可能是______个．10、(3分) 如图，点A 是反比例函数图象上一点，过点A 作AB⊥y 轴于点B ，点C 、D 在x 轴上，且BC∥AD，四边形ABCD 的面积为3，则这个反比例函数的解析式为______．11、(3分) 如图，在▱ABCD 中，用直尺和圆规作∠BAD 的平分线AG 交BC 于点E ，若AB=5，AE=8，则BF 的长为______．12、(3分) 若√12与最简二次根式√a −1能合并成一项，则a=______． 13、(3分) 已知关于x 的方程2x−ax+2=1的解是负值，则a 的取值范围是______． 14、(3分) 已知（m ，n ）是函数y=-√3x 与y=3x+9的一个交点，则13m -1n 的值为______． 15、(3分) 如图，矩形纸片ABCD ，AB=4，BC=3，点P 在BC 边上，将△CDP 沿DP 折叠，点C 落在点E 处，PE ．、DE 分别交AB 于点O 、F ，且OP=OF ，则BP 的长为______．16、(3分) 已如边长为√13的正方形ABCD 中，C （0，5），点A 在x 轴上，点B 在反比例函数y=m x （x ＞0，m ＞0）的图象上，点D 在反比例函数y=nx （x ＜0，n ＜0）的图象上，那么m+n=______．三、解答题（本大题共 9 小题，共 94 分） 17、(12分) （1）计算：（5-√6）（√3+√2） （2）解方程：x−2x+2-1=16x 2−418、(8分) 一只不透明的袋子中装有3个红球、2个黄球和1个白球，每个球除颜色外都相同，将球摇匀，从中任意摸出1个球． （1）摸到的球的颜色可能是______； （2）摸到概率最大的球的颜色是______；（3）若将每个球都编上号码，分别记为1号球（红）、2号球（红）、3号球（红）、4号球（黄）、5号球（黄）、6号球（白），那么摸到1～6号球的可能性______（填相闳或者不同）； （4）若在袋子中再放一些这样的黄球，从中任意摸出1个球，使摸到黄球的概率是35，则放入的黄球个数是______．19、(10分) 甲、乙两公司为“见义勇为基金会”各捐款3000元．已知甲公司的人数比乙公司的人数多20%，乙公司比甲公司人均多捐20元．请你根据上述信息，就这两个公司的“人数”或“人均捐款”提出一个用分式方程解决的题，并写出解题过程．20、(8分) 某校为了开展读书月活动，对学生最喜欢的图书种类进行了一次抽样调查，所有图书分成四类：艺术、文学、科普、其他．随机调查了该校m名学生（每名学生必选且只能选择一类图书），并将调查结果制成如下两幅不完整的统计图：根据统计图提供的信息，解答下列问题：（1）m=______，n=______，并请根据以上信息补全条形统计图；（2）扇形统计图中，“艺术”所对应的扇形的圆心角度数是______度；（3）根据抽样调查的结果，请你估计该校900名学生中有多少学生最喜欢科普类图书．21、(10分) 如图，在△ABC中，点D，E，F分别是AB，BC，CA的中点，AH是边BC上的高．（1）求证：四边形ADEF是平行四边形；（2）求证：∠DHF=∠DEF．22、(10分) 小明家饮水机中原有水的温度为20℃，通电开机后，饮水机自动开始加热（此过程中水温y（℃）与开机时间x（分）满足一次函数关系），当加热到100℃时自动停止加热，随后水温开始下降（此过程中水温y（℃）与开机时间x（分）成反比例关系），当水温降至20℃时，饮水机又自动开始加热，重复上述程序（如图所示），根据图中提供的信息，解答下列问题：（1）当0≤x≤10时，求水温y （℃）与开机时间x （分）的函数关系式； （2）求图中t 的值；（3）若小明在通电开机后即外出散步，请你预测小明散步57分钟回到家时，饮水机内的温度约为多少℃？23、(10分) （1）发现规律： 特例1：√1+13=√3+13=√4×13=2√13； 特例2：√2+14=√8+14=√9×14=3√14；特例3：√3+15=4√15；特例4：______（填写一个符合上述运算特征的例子）； （2）归纳猜想：如果n 为正整数，用含n 的式子表示上述的运算规律为：______； （3）证明猜想： （4）应用规律： ①化简：√2019+12021×√4042=______；②若√m +1n =19√1n ，（m ，n 均为正整数），则m+n 的值为______．24、(12分) 已知在边长为4的菱形ABCD中，∠EBF=∠A=60°，（1）如图①，当点E、F分别在线段AD、DC上，①判断△EBF的形状，并说明理由；②若四边形ABFD的面积为7√3，求DE的长；（2）如图②，当点E、F分别在线段AD、DC的延长线上，BE与DC交于点O，设△BOF的面积为S1，△EOD的面积为S2，则S1-S2的值是否为定值，如果是，请求出定值：如果不是，请说明理由．25、(14分) 已知反比例函数y=mx 的图象经过点A（x1，y1）和B（x2，y2）（x1＜x2）（1）若A（4，n）和B（n+13，3），求反比例函数的表达式；（2）若m=1，①当x2=1时，直接写出y1的取值范围；②当x1＜x2＜0，p=y1+y22，q=2x1+x2，试判断p，q的大小关系，并说明理由；（3）若过A、B两点的直线y=x+2与y轴交于点C，连接BO，记△COB的面积为S，当13＜S＜1，求m的取值范围．四、计算题（本大题共 1 小题，共 8 分） 26、(8分) 先化简（1-1a−2）÷a 2−6a+9a 2−4，然后a 在-2，0，2，3中选择一个合适的数代入并求值．。

江苏省泰州中学附中2018-2019学年八年级（下）第二次月考数学试卷一、选择题（每题3分，共18分） 1．（3分）下列选项中的图形有一个不是中心对称图形，它是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．2．（3分）已知2x =-是关于x 的一元二次方程22502x x a --=的一个根，则a 的值为（ ） A ．3±B ．3-C ．3D ．1或1-3．（3分）一元二次方程是20x x +=的根的是（ ） A ．10x =，21x =B ．11x =，21x =-C ．10x =，21x =-D ．121x x ==-4．（3分）如图，已知某广场菱形花坛ABCD 的周长是12米，60BAD ∠=︒，则花坛对角线AC 的长等于（ ）A ．B ．4米C ．米D ．2米5．（3分）如图，在ABC ∆中，D 是AB 上一点，AD AC =，AE CD ⊥，垂足为点E ，F 是BC 的中点，若16BD =，则EF 的长为（ ） A ．32 B ．16 C ．8 D ．4 6．（3分）对于反比例函数2y x=-，下列说法不正确的是（ ） A ．图象分布在第二、四象限 B ．当0x >时，y 随x 的增大而增大 C ．图象经过点(1,2)-D ．若点1(A x ，1)y ，2(B x ，2)y 都在图象上，且12x x <，则12y y <第4题 第5题 第8题 二、填空题（每题3分，共30分）7．（3分）将一元二次方程23(2)(1)(1)x x x +=+-化为20(0)ax bx c a ++=≠的形式为 ． 8．（3分）如图，在直角坐标系中，A 点、B 点坐标分别为(2,0)，(0,1)，要使四边形BOAC 为矩形，则C 点坐标为 ．9．（3分）如图，已知菱形OABC ，点C 在x 轴上，直线y x =经过点A ，菱形OABC 的边，若反比例函数ky x=的图象经过点B ，则k 的值为 ． 10．（3分）a 是方程21x x -=的一个根，则2226a a -+的值是 ．11．（3分）如果方程240x x n ++=可以配方成2()3x m +=，那么2018()m n -= 12．（3分）如图，已知ABCD 的对角线AC ，BD 交于点O ，且8AC =，10BD =，5AB =，则OCD ∆的周长为 ．13．（3分）如图，已知反比例函数(0)ky k x=>的图象经过Rt OAB ∆斜边OB 的中点C ，且与直角边AB 相交于点D ，若B 的坐标为(4,6)，则BOD ∆的面积为 ．第9题 第12题 第13题 第14题 14．（3分）如图，在矩形ABCD 中，3AD =，将矩形ABCD 绕点A 逆时针旋转，得到矩形AEFG ，点B 的对应点E 落在CD 上，且60DAG ∠=︒，若EC =，则AB = ．15．（3分）以正方形ABCD 的边AD 作等边ADE ∆，则BEC ∠的度数是 ． 16．（3分）一次函数2(0)y kx k k =++≠的图象与反比例函数my x=的图象，对不同k 的取值均相交于同一个点，则m = ． 三、解答题（共102分） 17．（12分）用合适的方法解下列方程： （1）245x =（2）2420x x -+=（3）(1)(2)1x x x +-=+． （4）24320x x +-=．18．（8分）先化简，再求值：223(1)(4)1x x x x x x +-÷---，其中x 为一元二次方程230x x -=的解． 19．（8分）如图，平行四边形ABCD 中，E 、F 分别是边BC 、AD 的中点，求证：ABF CDE ∠=∠．20．（8分）如图，四边形CDEF是矩形，OC OE=，只用直尺作AOB∠的平分线．（保留作图的痕迹，不写画法）21．（10分）如图，一次函数y kx b=+与反比例函数myx=的图象交于点(1,6)A，(3,)B n两点．（1）求一次函数的表达式；（2）在y轴上找一点P，使PA PB+的值最小，求满足条件的点P的坐标及PAB∆的面积．22．（10分）如图，将矩形纸片ABCD沿AC翻折，点B落在点E处，连接BD，BE、EN，若//AE BD，（1）求证：BEC∆是等边三角形；（2）求证：四边形ABNE是菱形．23．（10分）已知：如图，平行四边形ABCD，对角线AC与BD相交于点E，点G为AD的中点，连接CG，CG的延长线交BA的延长线于点F，连接FD．（1）求证：AB AF=；（2）若AG AB=，120BCD∠=︒，判断四边形ACDF的形状，并证明你的结论．24．（12分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，直线:l y x =+与x 轴、y 轴分别交于点A ，B ，将点B 绕坐标原点O 顺时针旋转60︒得点C ，解答下列问题： （1）求出点C 的坐标，并判断点C 是否在直线l 上；（2）若点P 在x 轴上，坐标平面内是否存在点Q ，使得以P 、C 、Q 、A 为顶点的四边形是菱形？若存在，请直接写出Q 点坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．25．（12分）如图，正方形ABCD 的边CD 在正方形ECGF 的边CE 上，连接BE ，DG ， （1）求证：BE GD =；（2）若GD 平分CGE ∠，AB a =，EF b =，求ba的值． （3）连接BD ，若6GD =，求EGD ∆与BGD ∆面积的和．26．（12分）如图，在ABC ∆中，AC BC =，AB x ⊥轴，垂足为A ．反比例函数(0)ky x x=>的图象经过点C ，交AB 于点D ．已知4AB =，52BC =． （1）若4OA =，求k 的值；（2）连接OC ，若BD BC =，求OC 的长．（3）连接OC ，若OCA ∠是钝角，求k 的取值范围．江苏省泰州中学附中2018-2019学年八年级（下）第二次月考数学试卷答题卡试卷类型：A姓名：______________班级：______________二、填空题（每题3分，共30分）（请在各试题的答题区内作答）三、解答题（共102分）（请在各试题的答题区内作答）19.答：20.答：21.答：23.答：24.答：26.答：。

江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学教育集团2018-2019学年八年级下学期第一次月考英语试题第I卷选择题(共90分)一、听力部分（共20 小题；每小题1分，计20 分）A. 听对话回答问题。

(听两遍)1. Which place are they talking about?A. B. C.2. Where has the woman been?A. B. C.3. What did the man’s family do last night?A. B. C.4. What are they talking about?A. B. C.5. Where does the girl’s father work now?A. In Canada.B. In the USA.C. In France.6. What time will Mr. Wang leave for the theatre?A. At 6.45.B. At 7.00.C. At 7.15.7. Why hasn’t Helen finished her Maths homework?A. She is too busy.B. She isn’t able to do it.C. She has forgotten to do it.8. What does the woman mean?A. She hates Japanese food.B. She doe sn’t want to go to the restaurant with the man.C. She wants to pay this time.9. How does the woman feel about her job?A. She doesn’t like it very much.B. She wants to do her work well.C. She hates working at her office.10. On which fl oor is Mr. Gao’s office?A. The sixth floor.B. The ninth floor.C. The fifth floor.B. 听下面一段对话和两篇短文，选择正确答案。

2018-2019学年江苏省泰州市泰兴市八年级（下）期中数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共6小题，共12.0分）1.下列图形中，是中心对称图形的有（）A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个2.下列分式中，最简分式是（）A. x2+y2x+y B. 6b4aC. x2−4x−2D. a2+4aa3.下列事件中是必然事件的是（）A. 投掷一枚质地均匀的硬币100次，正面朝上的次数为50次B. 任意一个六边形的外角和等于720∘C. 如果a2=b2，那么a=bD. 13个同学参加一个聚会，他们中至少有两个同学的生日在同一个月4.下列代数式变形正确的是（）A. x−yx2−y2=1x−yB. −x+y2=−x+y2C. 1xy÷(1x+1y)=1y+1xD. x−yx+y=x2−y2(x+y)25.如图，△ABC中，∠A=75°，∠B=50°，将△ABC绕点C按逆时针方向旋转，得到△A′B′C，点A的对应点A′落在AB边上，则∠BCA'的度数为（）A. 20∘B. 25∘C. 30∘D. 35∘6.如图，在△ABC中，点D，E，F分别是AB，BC，AC的中点，则下列四个判断中不一定正确的是（）A. 四边形ADEF一定是平行四边形B. 若∠B+∠C=90∘，则四边形ADEF是矩形C. 若四边形ADEF是菱形，则△ABC是等边三角形D. 若四边形ADEF是正方形，则△ABC是等腰直角三角形二、填空题（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）7.分式xx−1有意义的条件是______．8.为了了解我市2018年中考数学学科各分数段成绩分布情况，从中抽取180名考生的中考数学成绩进行统计分析，在这个问题中，样本是指______．9.菱形ABCD的周长为52cm，一条对角线的长为24cm，则该菱形的面积为______cm2．10.若分式6m−2的值是正整数，则m可取的整数有______．11.Rt△ABC中，∠C=90°，BC=4，D为AB中点，点E在AC上，ED平分△ABC的周长，则ED=______．三、计算题（本大题共3小题，共20.0分）12.解方程：（1）x2x−1=2-31−2x（2）x+1x−1−4x2−1=113.先化简，再求值：(x+2−5x−2)÷x−33x2−6x，其中x满足x2+3x-1=0．14.已知3x−2(x+1)(x−1)=Ax−1+Bx+1，求A、B的值．四、解答题（本大题共7小题，共48.0分）15.计算：（1）3ab⋅ab2a3b2÷6ba2（2）12−x+2x2−4+12+x16.已知△ABC的三个顶点的坐标分别为A（-5，0）、B（-2，3）、C（-1，0）．（1）画出△ABC关于坐标原点O成中心对称的△A1B1C1；（2）将△ABC绕坐标原点O顺时针旋转90°，画出对应的△A′B′C′；（3）若以A′、B′、C′、D′为顶点的四边形为平行四边形，请直接写出D′的坐标______．17.我市为加强学生的安全意识，组织了全市学生参加安全知识竞赛，为了解此次知识竞赛成绩的情况，随机抽取了部分参赛学生的成绩，整理并制作出如下的不完整的统计表和统计图，如图所示，请根据图表信息解答以下问题．组别成绩x/分频数A组60≤x＜70aB组70≤x＜808C组80≤x＜9012D组90≤x＜10014（1）一共抽取了______个参赛学生的成绩；表中a=______；（2）补全频数分布直方图；（3）计算扇形统计图中“B”对应的圆心角度数；（4）若成绩在80分以上（包括80分）的为“优”等，则所抽取学生成绩为“优”的占所抽取学生的百分比是多少？18.如图，已知矩形ABCD中，E是AD上的一点，F是AB上的一点，EF⊥EC，且EF=EC，DE=4cm，矩形ABCD的周长为36cm，求AE的长．19.某中学图书馆添置图书，用240元购进一种科普书，同时用200元购进一种文化书．由于科普书单价是文学书单价的1.5倍，因此学校所购买的文学书比科普书多4本．（1）求文学书的单价是多少？（2）学校买了文学书和科普书一共多少本？20.在正方形ABCD中，对角线BD所在的直线上有两点E、F满足BE=DF，连接AE、AF、CE、CF，如图所示．（1）求证：△ABE≌△ADF；（2）试判断四边形AECF的形状，并说明理由．21.如图1，点C在线段AB上，分别以AC、BC为边在线段AB的同侧作正方形ACDE和正方形BCMN，连结AM、BD．（1）AM与BD的关系是：______．（2）如果将正方形BCMN绕点C顺时针旋转锐角α，其它不变（如图2）．（1）中所得的结论是否仍然成立？请说明理由．（3）在（2）的条件下，连接AB、DM，若AC=4，BC=2，求AB2+DM2的值．答案和解析1.【答案】B【解析】解：图1，图3是中心对称图形．故选：B．根据中心对称图形的概念求解．本题考查了中心对称图形的概念．轴对称的关键是寻找对称轴，图象沿对称轴折叠后可重合，中心对称是要寻找对称中心，旋转180°后与原图重合．2.【答案】A【解析】解：A、分子不能分解因式，因而分式不能再化简，是最简分式，故此选项正确；B、原式=，不是最简分式，故此选项错误；C、原式=x+2，不是最简分式，故此选项错误；D、原式=a+4，不是最简分式，故此选项错误．故选：A．最简分式的标准是分子，分母中不含有公因式，不能再约分．判断的方法是把分子、分母分解因式，并且观察有无互为相反数的因式，这样的因式可以通过符号变化化为相同的因式从而进行约分．本题主要考查了最简分式的定义，判断的关键是正确对分式的分子，分母进行因式分解．3.【答案】D【解析】解：A、投掷一枚质地均匀的硬币100次，正面向上的次数为50次是随机事件；B、任意一个六边形的外角和等于720°是不可能事件；C、如果a2=b2，那么a=b是随机事件；D、13个同学参加一个聚会，他们中至少有两个同学的生日在同一个月是必然事件；故选：D．根据事件发生的可能性大小判断相应事件的类型即可．本题考查的是必然事件、不可能事件、随机事件的概念．必然事件指在一定条件下，一定发生的事件．不可能事件是指在一定条件下，一定不发生的事件，不确定事件即随机事件是指在一定条件下，可能发生也可能不发生的事件．4.【答案】D【解析】解：A 、==，故选项错误；B 、=-，故选项错误；C 、÷（+）=÷=，故选项错误；D 、==，故选项正确．故选：D．根据分式运算法则，将各分式化简即可．考查了分式的混合运算，分式的混合运算，要注意运算顺序，式与数有相同的混合运算顺序；先乘方，再乘除，然后加减，有括号的先算括号里面的．5.【答案】B【解析】解：∵△ABC中，∠A=75°，∠B=50°，∴∠BCA=180°-∠A-∠B=45°，∵将△ABC绕点C按逆时针方向旋转，得到△A，B，C，点A的对应点A，落在AB边上，∴AC=A′C，∴∠A=∠CA′A=75°，∴∠ACA′=180°-∠A-∠CA′A=20°，∴∠BCA′=∠BCA-∠ACA′=25°，故选：B．根据三角形内角和定理了求出∠ACB，根据旋转得出AC=A′C，求出∠CA′A，根据三角形内角和定理求出∠ACA′，即可求出答案．本题考查了三角形内角和定理，旋转的性质的应用，能求出∠ACA′的度数是解此题的关键．6.【答案】C【解析】解：∵点D，E，F分别是AB，BC，AC的中点，∴EF=AD=DB=AB，DE=AF=FC=AC，EF∥AB，DE∥AC∴四边形ADEF是平行四边形故A正确，若∠B+∠C=90°，则∠A=90°∴四边形ADEF是矩形，故B正确，若四边形ADEF是菱形，则AD=AF，∴AB=AC∴△ABC是等腰三角形故C不一定正确若四边形ADEF是正方形，则AD=AF，∠A=90°∴AB=AC，∠A=90°∴△ABC是等腰直角三角形故D正确故选：C．利用正方形的性质，矩形的判定，菱形的性质，平行四边形的判定，等腰直角三角形的判定进行依次推理，可求解．本题考查了正方形的性质，矩形的判定，菱形的性质，平行四边形的判定，等腰直角三角形的判定，熟练运用这些性质进行推理是本题的关键．7.【答案】x≠1【解析】解：由题意得：x-1≠0，解得：x≠1，故答案为：x≠1．根据分式有意义的条件可得x-1≠0，再解即可．此题主要考查了分式有意义的条件，关键是掌握分母不等于0，．8.【答案】从中抽取的180名考生的中考数学成绩【解析】解：样本是指从中抽取的180名考生的中考数学成绩，故答案为：从中抽取的180名考生的中考数学成绩．根据样本定义：从总体中取出的一部分个体叫做这个总体的一个样本可得答案．此题主要考查了样本，总体，关键是掌握样本的定义．9.【答案】120【解析】解：∵菱形ABCD的周长等于52cm，∴边长=52÷4=13cm，∵AC⊥BD，AO=CO，BO=DO，BD=24，∴OA=5，∴AC=10，∴菱形的面积为10×24÷2=120cm2．故答案为：120．根据周长先求出边长，由菱形的对角线平分且垂直求出它的另一条对角线的长，再根据面积公式求得面积．本题考查了菱形的四条边相等的性质，以及对角线互相垂直平分的性质，关键是根据菱形面积的等于对角线乘积的一半解答．10.【答案】3，4，5，8【解析】解：∵分式的值是正整数，∴m-2=1、2、3、6，则m=3、4、5、8这四个数，故答案为：3、4、5、8．由分式的值是正整数知m-2=1、2、3、6，据此可得．本题考查分式的值，解题的关键是理解题意，学会用转化的思想思考问题，属于基础题，中考常考题型．11.【答案】2√2【解析】解：作DH⊥AC于H，则DH∥BC，∵D为AB中点，∴H是AC的中点，DH=BC=2，设AE=x，由题意得，CE=x-4，∴AC=2x-4，∴CH=AC=x-2，则HE=CH-CE=x-2-（x-4）=2，由勾股定理得，DE==2，故答案为：2．作DH ⊥AC 于H ，根据三角形中位线定理求出DH ，根据题意求出EH ，根据勾股定理计算，得到答案．本题考查的是勾股定理、三角形中位线定理，如果直角三角形的两条直角边长分别是a ，b ，斜边长为c ，那么a 2+b 2=c 2．12.【答案】解：（1）去分母得到：x =4x -2+3，解得：x =-13，经检验x =-13是分式方程的解； （2）去分母得：x 2+2x +1-4=x 2-1， 解得：x =1，经检验x =1是增根，分式方程无解． 【解析】（1）分式方程去分母转化为整式方程，求出整式方程的解得到x 的值，经检验即可得到分式方程的解；（2）分式方程去分母转化为整式方程，求出整式方程的解得到x 的值，经检验即可得到分式方程的解．此题考查了解分式方程，利用了转化的思想，解分式方程注意要检验． 13.【答案】解：(x +2−5x−2)÷x−33x 2−6x=((x+2)(x−2)−5x−2)÷x−33x(x−2)=x 2−9x−2×3x(x−2)x−3=(x+3)(x−3)x−2×3x(x−2)x−3=3x 2+9x ，∵x 2+3x -1=0， ∴x 2+3x =1，∴原式=3x 2+9x =3（x 2+3x ）=3×1=3． 【解析】根据分式的减法和除法可以化简题目中的式子，然后根据x 2+3x-1=0即可解答本题． 本题考查分式的化简求值，解答本题的关键是明确分式的化简求值的计算方法．14.【答案】解：A x−1+B x+1=A(x+1)+B(x−1)(x−1)(x+1)=(A+B)x+A−B (x−1)(x+1)，即(A+B)x+A−B (x+1)(x−1)=3x−2(x+1)(x−1)，∴{A −B =−2A+B=3， ∴解得：A =12 B =52． 【解析】根据分式的运算法则以及待定系数法即可求出答案．本题考查分式的运算，解题的关键是熟练运用分式运算法则，本题属于基础题型． 15.【答案】解：（1）3a b⋅ab 2a 3b2÷6b a 2=3a b ⋅ab 2a 3b 2•a 26b=a2b 2；（2）12−x +2x 2−4+12+x=2+x(2−x)(2+x)-2(2−x)(2+x)+2−x(2+x)(2−x) =14−x 2．【解析】（1）直接利用分式的乘除运算法则计算得出答案； （2）直接利用分式的加减运算法则计算得出答案．此题主要考查了分式的混合运算，正确掌握运算法则是解题关键． 16.【答案】（-3，4）、（3，-2）、（3，6）【解析】解：（1）如图所示，△A 1B 1C 1即为所求； （2）如图所示，△A′B′C′即为所求；（3）D′的坐标（-3，4）、（3，-2）、（3，6）．故答案为：（-3，4）、（3，-2）、（3，6）．（1）根据关于原点对称的点的横坐标与纵坐标都互为相反数解答；（2）根据网格结构找出点A、B、C关于原点对称的点A′、B′、C′的坐标，然后顺次连接即可，再根据平面直角坐标系写出点A′的坐标；（3）根据平行四边形的对边平行且相等解答．本题考查了利用旋转变换作图，平行四边形的性质，熟练掌握网格结构准确找出对应点的位置是解题的关键．17.【答案】40 6【解析】解：（1）抽取的学生成绩有14÷35%=40（个），则a=40-（8+12+14）=6，故答案为：40，6；（2）直方图如图所示：（3）扇形统计图中“B”的圆心角=360°×=72°．（4）成绩在80分以上（包括80分）的为“优”等，所抽取学生成绩为“优”的占所抽取学生的百分比=×100%=65%．（1）利用总人数与个体之间的关系解决问题即可．（2）根据频数分布表画出条形图即可解决问题．（3）利用圆心角=360°×百分比计算即可解决问题．（4）根据优秀人数以及总人数求出优秀率即可．本题考查了频数分布表、频数分布直方图，解题的关键是明确题意，找出所求问题需要的条件，利用统计图获取信息时，必须认真观察、分析、研究统计图，才能作出正确的判断和解决问题．18.【答案】解：在Rt△AEF和Rt△DEC中，EF⊥CE．∴∠FEC=90°．∴∠AEF+∠DEC=90°．而∠ECD+∠DEC=90°．∴∠AEF=∠ECD．（3分）在Rt△AEF与Rt△DCE中，∵{∠FAE=∠EDC=90°∠AEF=∠ECDEF=EC，∴Rt△AEF≌Rt△DCE（AAS）．∴AE=CD．AD=AE+4．∵矩形ABCD的周长为32cm．∴2（AE+ED+DC）=36，即2（2AE+4）=36，整理得：2AE+4=18，解得：AE=7（cm）．【解析】先证∠AEF=∠ECD，再证Rt△AEF≌Rt△DCE，然后结合题目中已知的线段关系求解．本题综合考查矩形的性质和三角形全等的知识．此题难度适中，注意掌握数形结合思想与方程思想的应用．19.【答案】解：（1）设文学书单价为x元/本，科普书单价为1.5x元/本，依题意，得：200x-2401.5x=4，解得：x=10，经检验，x=10是该方程的解，且符合题意．答：文学书的单价是10元/本．（2）200÷10×2-4=36（本）．答：学校买了文学书和科普书一共36本．【解析】（1）设文学书单价为x元/本，科普书单价为1.5x元/本，根据数量=总价÷单价结合用200元购买的文化书比用240元购买的科普书多4本，即可得出关于x的分式方程，解之即可得出结论；（2）根据数量=总价÷单价结合购买的科普书比文化书少4本，即可求出结论．本题考查了分式方程的应用，找准等量关系，正确列出分式方程是解题的关键．20.【答案】证明：（1）∵正方形ABCD，∴AB=AD，∴∠ABD=∠ADB，∴∠ABE=∠ADF，在△ABE与△ADF中{AB=AD∠ABE=∠ADF BE=DF，∴△ABE≌△ADF（SAS）；（2）连接AC ，四边形AECF是菱形．理由：∵正方形ABCD，∴OA=OC，OB=OD，AC⊥EF，∴OB+BE=OD+DF，即OE=OF，∵OA=OC，OE=OF，∴四边形AECF是平行四边形，∵AC⊥EF，∴四边形AECF是菱形．【解析】（1）根据正方形的性质和全等三角形的判定证明即可；（2）四边形AECF是菱形，根据对角线垂直的平行四边形是菱形即可判断；本题考查正方形的性质、全等三角形的判定和性质、菱形的判定等知识，解题的关键是熟练掌握基本知识，属于中考常考题型．21.【答案】AM=BD且AM⊥BD【解析】解：（1）∵四边形ACDE和四边形BCMN都为正方形，∴AC=DC，∠ACD=∠BCD=90°，BC=CM，在△AMC和△DBC中，，∴△AMC≌△DBC（SAS）．∴AM=BD，∠CAM=∠CDB，延长AM交BD于F，∵∠AMC=∠DMF，∴∠ACM=∠DFM=90°，∴AM⊥BD；故答案为：AM=BD且AM⊥BD；（2）如果将正方形BCMN绕点C逆时针旋转锐角α，其它不变，（1）中所得的结论仍然成立，理由如下：在正方形ABCE和正方形BCMN中，AC=CD，CM=BC，∠ACD=∠MCB=90°，∵∠ACM=90°+∠MCD，∠DCB=90°+∠MCD，∴∠ACM=∠DCB，在△ACM和△DCB中，，∴△AMC≌△DBC（SAS）．∴AM=BD，∠CAM=∠CDB，∵∠AFC=∠DFG，∴∠ACF=∠DGF=90°，∴AM⊥BD．（3）如图2，连接AD、BM，∵AC=4，BC=2，由勾股定理得：AD2=42+42=32，BM2=22+22=8，∵AM⊥BD，∴∠AGB=∠DGM=∠AGD=∠BGM=90°，∴AB2+DM2=AG2+BG2+DG2+GM2，∵AD2+BM2=AG2+DG2+BG2+MG2=32+8=40，∴AB2+DM2=40．（1）利用正方形的性质和已知条件证明△AMC≌△DBC，从而求出AM与BD相等且垂直；（2）如果将正方形BCMN绕点C逆时针旋转锐角α，其它不变（1）中所得的结论任然成立，先求出∠ACM=∠DCB，然后利用“边角边”证明△AMC和△DBC全等，再根据全等三角形对应边相等即可得证；（3）根据AM⊥BD，得相交的角为直角，由勾股定理计算可得结论．本题考查了四边形的综合题、正方形的性质、旋转的性质、全等三角形的判定和性质、勾股定理等知识，解题的关键是学会添加常用辅助线，构造直角三角形解决问题，属于中考压轴题．。