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初中英语名词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、初中英语名词1．（•广西河池）—There is an MP5 on the desk,whose is this?—It can be my ____,she bought one yesterday.A. sisterB. sister'sC. sisters’D. sisters【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:一一书桌上有一个MP5是谁的?一一可能是我妹妹的。
她昨天买了一个。
A.妹,单数形式;B.单数的所有格形式;C.妹们的，复数的所有格式;D.妹们，复数形式。
本题表示MP5的所有关系所有格形式，后句的she说明是一个人，用单数，故选B。
2．There's little left at home. Go and buy some, dear.A. carrotsB. potatoesC. rice【答案】 C【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。
句意：家里剩的马铃薯不多了，去买一些吧。
A. carrots 胡萝卜；B. potatoes马铃薯；C. rice大米。
因为空格前有little，它修饰不可数名词，rice 是不可数名词，故选C。
3．Upstairs are bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But are in a mess.A. Lily's and Lucy's; ourB. Lily's and Lucy's; oursC. Lily's and Lucy; oursD. Lily and Lucy's; our【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：楼上是利莉莉的和露西的卧室，他们整洁又好看，但是我们的一团糟。
根据they，可知莉莉和露西每人有一个卧室，因此两个词都应使用所有格，故排除CD；第二空后面没有名词出现，应使用名词性物主代词，ours，我们的，故答案是B。
1.初中英语名词讲解与练习名词I. 名词的种类：专有名词普通名词不可数名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词国名地名人名，团体可数名词机构名称个体名词 II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：规则 1 2 一般情况在词尾加-s 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es 例词 map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes knife-knives, proof-proofs, 3 leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, 变-f和-fe为v 再加-es loaf-loaves, wife-wives 以-f或-fe结尾的词 belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, 加-s roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs 4 5 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变yparty-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities 为i加-es 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys 有名词以y结尾的，加-s 一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes piano-pianos, photo-photos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos zero-zeros/zeroes, volcanos auto-autos, 6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名不少外来词加-s 词两者皆可volcano-volcanoes/ 7 8 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s 以-th结尾的名词加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：规则 1 例词改变名词中的元音字母或其他man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 形式 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents 2 单复数相同 3 只有复数形式 4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police, cattle, staff 5 部分集体名词既可以作单数audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, （整体）也可以作复数（成员） committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代),spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌),looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟) Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 6 复数形式表示特别含义表示7 “某国单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 人” 以-man或-woman结尾Englishmen, Frenchwomen 的改为-men,-women 将主体名词变为复数 8 加-s 合成名无主体名词时将最后grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 词一部分变为复数将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
名词讲解及练习题名词是语言中的一类词性，用于指代人、事物、地点、概念等。
在英语中，名词的分类较为复杂，包括普通名词、专有名词、可数名词、不可数名词等。
本文将对名词的不同类型进行解释，并提供练习题供读者加深理解。
一、普通名词（Common Nouns）普通名词是指泛指某个类别中的事物，一般不特指某个人或物。
例如：cat（猫）、book（书）、table（桌子）等。
普通名词一般是可数名词或不可数名词。
练习题 1：给下列词找出对应的普通名词。
1. apple2. teacher3. chocolate4. chair5. car答案：1. 苹果（apple）2. 教师（teacher）3. 巧克力（chocolate）4. 椅子（chair）5. 车（car）二、专有名词（Proper Nouns）专有名词是指特指某个人、地点、组织或品牌等的名词。
专有名词通常首字母大写。
例如：John（约翰）、London（伦敦）、Microsoft （微软）等。
练习题 2：给下列词找出对应的专有名词。
1. boy2. paris3. iphone4. doctor5. nike答案：1. 男孩（boy）2. 巴黎（Paris）3. 苹果手机（iPhone）4. 医生（doctor）5. 耐克（Nike）三、可数名词（Countable Nouns）可数名词是指可以用数目进行计算的名词，可以有单数和复数形式。
例如：book（书）可以是单数形式，books（书）则是复数形式。
练习题 3：把下列单数形式的名词转化为复数形式。
1. pen2. child3. cup4. book5. dog答案：1. pens2. children3. cups4. books5. dogs四、不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）不可数名词是指无法进行数目计算的名词，通常表示抽象概念、物质或集合。
不可数名词没有复数形式。
例如：water（水）、money （钱）、information（信息）等。
初中英语语法名词用法讲解及专项练习【考点讲解】一、名词的分类二、可数名词与不可数名词(一) 可数名词名词分为可数和不可数名词。
物质名词与抽象名词一般属于不可数名词，它们只有单数形式；个体名词和集体名词一般是可数名词，通常有单数和复数两种形式。
1. 单数变复数的规则【注】 ① 常见的以o 结尾要加es 的有如下几个：hero, tomato, potato ,可记为“英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆”。
剩余以o 为结尾的加s ：如photo, zoo, piano等② 以f 或fe 结尾变f 或fe 为v+es 的词有如下：小偷的妻子用刀把狼劈成两半，一半放在书架上，一半放在树叶上2. 不规则复数形式(1) 元音或词尾发生变化：child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse-policeman -___________, Frenchman-_________Englishman-(2) 单复数形式相同： (3) 形式为复数，意思为复数：people ，police(4) 形式为复数，意思为单数：news, maths, physics(5) 只能用复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses ……【注】○1man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher –，woman doctor –_____________；○2但是其他合成名词，只需把其中心词变成复数形式。
如：shoe factory- , banana tree-3. “某国人”的复数形式“中日不变英法变，其余s加后边”(二)不可数名词不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，一般没有复数形式1. 物质名词有water, rice, tea, milk, chicken(鸡肉), fish(鱼肉), food, fruit, beef,orange(橙汁), sugar, salt, paper(纸), porridge, bread, sand, juice,chalk等；抽象名词有news, music, time(时间), information等；2. 在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：(1) 用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如：a lot of money / some milk / any water / much snow(2) 用“a piece / glass / cup / bottle / bag of+不可数名词”或“数词pieces /glasses / cups / bottles / bags of+不可数名词”这类定语，例如：a piece of paper ( wood / bread) →a bottle of orange →a glass of wate r →a cup of tea →a bag of rice →3. 不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词a/an连用；4. 注意有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，此时中文意思有区别。
第二章 名 词一、名词概述1、名词的定义：名词是指表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的词。
2、名词的种类：(1)普通名词： 表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称。
普通名词又可进一步分为四类：①个体名词： 表示单个的人和事物。
如car(汽车)、room(房间)、 fan(风 扇)、photo(照片)。
②集体名词： 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。
如 people(人们)、family(家 庭)、army(军队)、government(政府)、group(集团)。
③物质名词： 表示物质或不具备确定形状或大小的个体的物质。
如fire （火）、steal （钢）、air （空气）、water （水）、milk （牛奶）。
④抽象名词： 表示动作、状态、品质或其他抽象概念。
如 labor( 劳动)、 health(健康)、life (生活)、friendship(友情)、patience(耐力)。
(2)专有名词: 表示特定的人、地方、称谓、机构、语言、国民、星期、月份、 节日名称等，专有名词的第一个字母必须大写。
三、综合练习1.单项选择题（）1. They got much _____ from those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. newsD. stories（）2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orangeD. orange, oranges（）3. Every evening Mr. King takes a _________ to his home .A. 25 minutes’ walkB. 25 minute’s walkC. 25 minute walkD. 25 minutes walk（）4. An old _______ wants to see you.A. peopleB. personC. the peopleD. the person（）5. Help yourself to __________.A. chickens and applesB. chickens and appleC. chicken and appleD. chicken and apples（）6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________.A. roo m’s numberB. rooms’ numberC. room numbersD. rooms’ numbers（）7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________.A. familyB. houseC. homeD. room（）8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .A. Mary and Peter’sB. Mary and PeterC. Mary’s and PeterD. Mary’s and Peter’s（）9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.A. her uncleB. her uncle’sC. her unclesD. aunt’s（）10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience（）11．______ are going to see a film．A. Green’sB. The Green’sC. The GreensD. The Green（）12. Mrs. Green is ______mother．A. Lucy’s and Lily’sB. Lucy and Lily’sC. Lucy and LilyD. Lily’s a nd Lucy（）13. Ben saw forty______in a cave．A. thiefesB. thievesC. thiefD. thiefs（）14. Dongdong is one of the Chinese in our school.A. boyB. boysC. boiesD. boyes（）15.This is the room.A. children’sB. childrens’C. childrenD. childrens（）16. ---Is that ?---Yes, it is.A. a pair of glassB. two pair of glassesC. a pair of glassesD. glasses（）17. Hong Wei is making a card. She wants a of scissors.A. packetB. bottleC. pairD. pairs（）18. These bottles of are fresh.A. milkB. milksC. jamsD. milkes（）19. A friend of will come this evening.A. Denny’sB. DennyC. Dennys’D. Dennys（）20. This is a big room. It’s the .A. twin’s roomB. twins roomC. twins’ roomD. twin rooms（）21. There are three and seven in the picture.A. deers; sheepsB. deers; sheepC. deer;sheepD. deer; sheeps （）22. Yesterday, Mrs. Smith gave us on how to deal with stress.A. an adviceB. many advicesC. some adviceD. a pair of advice（）23. ---Would you like something to drink, girls?---Yes, , please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolateC. two boxes of cokeD. two coke（）24. What it is to go surfing in weather!A. a great fun; such fineB. a great fun; such a fineC. great fun; such fineD. great funs; such a fine（）25. The theme park is about ride from the museum. You should start out right now.A. two hourB. two hour’sC. two hours’D. two hours（）26. Look at the map. It’s .A. a map of AmericanB. a map of AmericaC. an American mapD. a map to America（）27. ---What are those?--- .A. They are knife.B. They are knives.C. They are Peter’s knife.D. They are knifes.（）28. We are in model group.A. shipsB. carsC. planeD. shipes（）29. ---Whose crayon is that?---It’s .A. MikeB. Mike’sC. for Mike’sD. Mikes（）30. We have on Saturday.A. not lessonB. no lessonsC. schoolD. lesson（）31. Last night, there was a food accident. The _______ were ill, but no _______ were lost.A. child, livesB. children, lifeC. children, livesD. child, life（）32. This is a photo of _________ when they were young.A. my father and motherB. my mother and fat her’sC. my mothers’ and fathers’D. my father’s and my mother（）33. The new student is in __________ , Grade Two.A. Class ThirdB. Third ClassC. Class ThreeD. Three class（）34. Today is September 10th. It's __________ Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.A. TeachersB. Teachers’C. the Teachers’D. Teacher’s（）35. The market isn’t far from here. It’s only _________ bicycle ride.A. half an hours’B. half an hour’sC. half an hourD. an hour and a half（）36. --- What would you like to drink, girls?--- _________, please.A. Two cup of coffeeB. Two cups of coffeC. Two cups of coffeeD. Two cups of coffees （）37. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for _________.A. funB. wishesC. interestD. thanks（）38. Some _________ are flying kites near the river.A. childB. boyC. boysD. childs（）39. After the exam, we’ll have a ________ holiday.A. two weeksB. two-weeksC. two weeks'D. two week's（）40. They are those _________ bags. Please put them on the bus.A. visitorB. visitorsC. visitor’sD. visitors’（）41.--- How many workers are there in your factory?--- There are two ___________.A. hundredsB. hundredC. hundred ofD. hundreds of（）42. ---What do you think of the _______ the Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven?--- It sounds really wonderful.A. subjectB. musicC. bookD. animal（）43. There is not enough _________ in the corner for the fridge.A. placeB. roomC. fieldD. ground（）44. _________ comes from sheep and some people like eating itA. WoolB. PorkC. MuttonD. Milk（）45. If you don’t take more ________, you’ll get fat.A. medicineB. lessonsC. photosD. exercise（）46. My school is about twenty ________ walk from here.A. minuteB. minutes’C. minutes’sD. minutes （）47. Mum, I have _______ to tell you!A. a good newsB. some good newsC. some news goodD. many good news（）48. Which is the ________ to the post office?A. streetB. wayC. roadD. address（）49. I stayed at ________ last Sunday.A. my unclesB. my uncles’C. my uncle’sD. my uncle（）50. Maths ________ not easy to learn.A. areB. isC. amD. were2．用所给名词的适当形式填空1．The ________(child) are talking to their teacher.2．September l0th is ________(teacher) Day.3．These are ________(girl) names.4．They are ________(woman) teachers.5．We have ________(banana).6．They are from ________(Chinese).7．This is ________(apple).8．That________(boy) is Tom.9．He has some________(water).10．---Are you________(student).---Yes, we are．11．March 8th is _______(woman) Day.12．These are _______(boy) names.13．Two _______(apple tree) are near my home.14．June l st is _______(child) Day.15．There are a lot of_______(boy) students in our class.16．Every _______(student) has a book.17．Those shoes are _______ (Tom).18．There are several_______ (knife) in the pencil box.19．Mrs. Brown has two____________(child).20．I want to take some____________(photo) here.参考答案1.单项选择题1. C2. C3. A4. B5. D6. C7. C8. D9. B 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. C 23. C 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D 41. B 42. B 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. B2. 用所给名词的适当形式填空1. children2. Teachers’3. girls’4. women5. bananas6. China7. an apple8. boy9. water 10. students 11. Women’s 12. boys’ 13. apple trees 14. Children’s 15. boy 16. student 17. Tom’s 18. knives 19. children 20. photos精品文档文档说明(Word文档可以删除编辑)专注于精品文档：中考、高考、数学语文英语试卷、高中复习题目、小学试卷教案合同协议施工组织设计、期中、期末等测试，本文档目的是为了节省读者的工作时间，提高读者的工作效率，读者可以放心下载文档进行编辑使用.文档来源网络改编，审核有可能疏忽，如果有错误或侵权，请联系本店马上删除。
名词辨析（100题含答案解析）初中英语专题练习名词词义辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数；cloth指布，为不可数名词，clothing是服装的总称。
2. incident, accidentincident 指小事件,；accident 指不幸的事故。
例：He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount of 后接不可数名词；a number of 后接可数名词例：amount of money；a number of students4. family, house, homehome指家，包括住处和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成员。
例：My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各种各样的声音，voice 指人的嗓音，noise指噪音。
例：I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相机拍摄的照片；picture可指相片，图片，影片；drawing指画的画，主要是素描。
例：Let's go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 指词汇，一个人拥有的单词量；word 指具体的单词。
例：He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation 指人口，人数；people 指具体的人。
例：China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather指一天内具体的天气状况；climate指长期的气候状况。
例：The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad指具体的公路，马路；street指街道；path指小路，小径；way 指道路，途径例：take this road; in the streetShow me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 课程(可包括多门科目)，subject 科目(具体的学科)例：a summer course12. custom, habitcustom指传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接 to do；habit指生活习惯，后接of doing.例：I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接 of sth./doing sth；reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接 for sth./doing sth.例：the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 运动，锻炼(不可数)；exercises练习，操类运动(可数)；practice(反复做的)练习。
名词的用法机场工作人员问：Who are you flying with?（你坐哪家航空公司?）我答：Myself 。
对方大囧，一笑之后补充：Which airline?An airport staffer asked me "Who are you flying with?" and I said "Myself."He was surprised and the n laughed, add ing "Which airli ne?"原来Who在英语里也可以泛指航空公司等群体或组织。
"Who" in English can also refer to a group or an orga ni zati on such as airli nes.普通名词指一类人或事物的名称。
英语中普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词一般有单、复数两种形式。
不可数名词之前不可直接用泛指限定词和数词（一）可数名词及其复数形式（1）可数名词的复数形式一般由词尾加-s或-es构成，其规则见下表：般情况加-s 在清辅音后读/s/ maps, books在浊辅音及元音后读zcars, photos在/t/后读/ts/ cats, stude nts在/d/后读/dz/ beds, guards在/dZ/后读/iz/ bridges, ages 以字母s, x, ch,sh结尾的词加-es在/s/, /z/,/S/,/tS/ 后读/iz/classes, brushes以辅音字母+y结尾的词将y改成i,加-es /z/ factories, stories 以字母o结尾的词一般加-es /z/ potatoes, tomatoes少数外来词或缩略词加-s/z/ radios, pia nos一般加-s /s/ roofs, chiefs以字母f或fe结尾的词少数将f, fe, 改为-ves/z/ shelves, kni ves 有些加-s或改为-ves均可/s/ 或/z/ scarfs/scarves(2)可数名词复数形式的不规则构成法英语中有一部分名词由于历史或词源原因其复数形式的构成法是不规则的。
初中英语词性讲解及例题1. 名词（Noun）名词是指用来表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词语。
在句子中通常用来作主语、宾语、表语等。
例题： 1. The dog is running in the park. 2. She loves to read books.2. 动词（Verb）动词是表示动作、状态或变化的词语。
在句子中可以独立构成谓语，并与主语呼应。
例题： 1. The cat climbed up the tree. 2. They studied for the exam all night.3. 形容词（Adjective）形容词用来描述名词或代词的特征和性质，常放在名词之前作定语。
例题： 1. It was a beautiful day. 2. The big house is for sale.4. 副词（Adverb）副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，通常用于表示时间、地点、原因或程度。
例题： 1. He runs quickly. 2. She sang beautifully.5. 代词（Pronoun）代词用来代替名词，以避免重复使用名词。
例题： 1. She is my best friend. 2. They are coming over for dinner.6. 冠词（Article）冠词用来限定名词的范围，分为定冠词“the”和不定冠词“a/an”。
例题： 1. The cat is sleeping on a mat. 2. A bird is singing in the tree.7. 介词（Preposition）介词用来表示名词或代词与其他句子成分之间的关系。
例题： 1. The book is on the table. 2. She is waiting for the bus.8. 连词（Conjunction）连词用来连接词语、短语或句子，使句子结构更加连贯。
【名词】一、名词(n．) 表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词( 一) 名词的分类名词分为普通名词和专有名词，其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。
可数名词包括个体名词( 表示一类人或物的个体。
如：boy ，desk ，cat ，window) 和集体名词( 由若干个体组成的集合体。
如：family ，class ，police) 。
不可数名词包括物质名词( 表示无法分为个体的实物。
如：water ，paper ，silk ，money)和抽象名词( 表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。
如：work ，happiness ，music ，difficulty ，housework)专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。
如：Tom ，the Great Wall ，the Spring Festival ，France ，the United States)( 二) 名词的数1 ．可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：(1) 一般情况下，在词尾加s 。
eg ．book ——books ，dog ——dogs ，pen ——pens ，boy ——boys以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s 的读音为[s) ，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s 读音为〔ｚ〕。
(2) 以s ，x ，ch ，sh 结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es 。
eg ．beach ——beaches ，brush ——brushes ，bus ——buses ，box —boxes(es 读音为〔ｉｚ〕(3) 以“辅音字母＋y ”结尾的名词，先变y 为i ，再加es 。
eg ．city ——cities ，family ——families ，documentary ——documentaries ，country ——countries ，strawberry ——strawberries(ies 读音为[iz])( 注：以“元音字母+y ”结尾的词，直接在词尾加-s 。
7上Unit6语法知识点讲解和练习可数名词和不可数名词讲解和练习从英语语法角度来讲，表示人、事物、地点、时间或抽象概念的词，我们通常称之为名词。
如：teacher, desk, Japanese, milk等均为名词。
一、名词的分类：专有名词和普通名词英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类。
专有名词主要指人名、地名及某些类人和事物专有的名称。
例如：1）人名：Mary, Mrs Green, Zhanghua 2）地名：Beijing, West Lake 3）某类人的名称：Americans, Russians 4）某些抽象事物的名称：English, Chinese 5）月份、周日及节日名称：May, Saturday, Easter 6）书名、电影及诗歌的名称：Gone with the Wind 7）对家人等的称呼：Mum, Dad, Uncle Tom 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
普通名词指的是那些不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词，这类名词在名词中占绝大多数。
例如，family, class, love, knowledge, life, chair, table等。
普通名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
二、可数名词及不可数名词普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。
可数名词分为个体名词（表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等）和集体名词（表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等）。
如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。
不可数名词分为物质名词（表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等）和抽象名词（表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等）。
名词一、名词分类：名词分为普通名词和专有名词普通名词：表示同一类的人或物的名称，又可分为个体名词，如boy, house, insect, tiger等；物质名词，女口air, snow, bread, rice 等；扌由象名词，女口glory, hon esty, failure, education 等。
专有名词：表示个人、国家、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称，如Che ng Du, Chi na, Obama,Chi na Cen tral Televisi on 等。
名词的两大考点：数与格二、名词的数1. 普通名词：可数名词和不可数名词（1）可数名词：包括个体名词和集体名词△个体名词：表示个体的人或事物名称的词。
如：teacher, student, boy, book, bag每个可数名词都有其单数和复数形式。
A. 单数表示“一个”的概念。
用名词的单数时，名词前需加a或an。
女口 a book （一本书）、an apple （一个苹果）、an orange （—个橘子）等。
B. 复数表示两个或两个以上的物体。
如two pencils （两枝铅笔）、three weeks （三周）等。
△ 集合名词：表示一群人或一些事物名称的词。
女口：people, family, class, furniture复数形式的构成有两种：规则名词复数形式的构成和不规则名词复数形式的构成。
规则名词复数形式的构成注意事项：只能用于复数形式的名词有：clothes, trousers, pan ts, shoes, socks单数名词用于复数含义：people, public, police特殊名词的讲解：⑴people作“人们，人民”解时，只有复数形式，谓语动词作复数。
作“民族”解时，单复数不同，复数要在词尾加s。
There are five people in my family. 我家有五口人。
There are fifty-six peoples in our coun try.我们国家有56个民族。
⑵clothes等属于无单数形式的复数名词，谓语作复数。
例: My favorite clothes are pants.⑶ pants , shoes , glasses ,shorts ，scissors 等名词，由两部分构成，常以复数形式出现，谓语动词要用复数。
要表示单数常用 a pair of表示，此时如作主语，谓语要作单数看待。
例: Your pants are blue. This pair of pants is mine. _____⑷集体名词看作整体时，谓语用单数；指成员时，谓语用复数。
His family is a large family. 指整体His family like an imals. 指成员⑸有的名词单复数意思不同：例：hair和fruit 通常作单数，表示总体。
My hair is black. 我的头发是黑色的。
I like fruit .It ' s good for you. 我喜欢水果，水果对你的身体有好处。
但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果，则需用复数形式Homer Simps on has three hairs. 辛普森有三根头发。
She likes pears, peaches and other fruits. 他喜欢梨，桃和其它水果。
(2) 不可数名词：包括物质名词和抽象名词△物质名词：表示无法分为个体的名词。
如：coffee, hair, juice, water, rice△抽象名词：表示状态，品质，动作，感情等抽象概念的名词。
如：health, happi ness, help普通名词专有名词注意事项：1. 不可数名词没有复数变化,不能与a/an或表示具体数量的词直接连用。
这些名词前往往加some, any, no, a little 等词。
女口; some water/ apple juice/ milk2. 当需要表达名词的单位的量时候就要用：数词+量词+Of+名词来表述。
用量词修饰时，首先要注意量词的单复数; 然后要注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数，可数时用复数，如:one bag of rice. one kilo of apples.ten bags of rice . ten kilos of apples.★对量词的提问句型对可数名词的数量提问用how many;对不可数名词的数量提问要用how much，但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时要用how many。
如：I would like two apples. T How many apples would you like?I want some bread. 》How much bread do you want?I want three glasses of water. T How many glasses of water do you want ?询问价格用How much，女口： How much is the coat? How much are the coats?名词的所有格所有格的构成：1.有生命的名词 2. 无生命的名词★有生命的名词（1）一般单数名词后加's.女口：my brother's book ，Jack's cat ，the girl's pen（2）以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格，只需在名词右上方加‘。
女口：the girls ' dormitory ，a teachers' college注意：在不规则复数名词后，要加’s.女口：women's clothes.（3）如果一样东西为两个人共有，在后一个名词词尾加's，女口：Tom and Peter's room 汤姆和彼得的房间（共有）（4）如果一样东西不是共有的，两个名词都要加's.女口：Tom's and Peter's rooms 汤姆的房间和彼得的房间（不共有）★无生命名词：无生命的名词的所有格，通常用“ of+名词”的结构来表示。
如：the win dows of the room （房间的窗户） a picture of the horse（张马的照片）名词习题二．选择填空：1. I want to buy _____ .A. two bottles of inkB. two bottle of inkC. two bottle of inksD. two bottles of inks2. They don ' t have to do ______ today.A. much homeworkB. many homeworksC. manyhomeworkD. much homeworks3. There are three ___ and seven _____ in the picture.A. cows, sheepsB. cows, sheepC. cow, sheepD. cow, sheeps4. June 1 is _____ .A. children ' s dayB. children ' s DayC. Children ' s DayD. Children ' s day5. ____ room is next to their parents ' .A. Kate 's and Joan 'sB. KateD. Kate and Joan6. Miss Green is a friend of ______ .A. Mary 's mother 'sB. MaryD. mother 's of Mary7. Sheep ______ white and milk ____s and Joan C. Kate and Joan 'ss mother C. Mary mother 's also white.A. is, areB. are, isD. are, are8. I 'd like to have a glass of milk and ________ .C. is, isA. two breadsC. two pieces of bread9. Many _____A. womanB.child10. He bought ______ .A. two pairs of shoesC. two pairs of shoe11. Mr. White has three ______A. childB. two pieces of breadsD. two piece of breadare singing over there.women C. girlB. two pair of shoesD. two pair of shoeB. children D.C. childsD. childrens12. ---Are these ____ ? --- , cows B. sheep, cow No, they aren 't. TheyC. sheeps, cowD.'resheeps, cows13. There are many _____ in the fridge.A. fishB. fruitC. eggsD. bread14. --- Whose room is this? --A. Li MingD. Li Mings 'It 's _______B. Li Ming'sC. Li Mings15. Here are _____ for you, Sue.A. potatosB. some potatoesC. three tomatosD. some tomatoA. Japan, JapaneseB. China, ChineseC. England, EnglishD.16. Here are some birthday cards with our best ____ for her. A. wish B. hope C. wishesD. hopes17. I always go to that ____ to buy food on Sunday. A. shop B. park C. zoo D. garden18. ____ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily ' s C. Lucy ' s and Lily D.Lucy ' s and Lily ' s19. Mum, I ' m quite thirsty. Please gi ve me _______ . A. two orange B. two bottle oforangesC. two bottles of orangeD. two bottles of oranges20. 10. The cat caught two ________ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices21. I met some ____ in the park and talked with them the other day.D. writer25. --- Excuse me, are you _____ ? ---A. Janpaneses B. American D. English22. There are two _____ in the room. A. shelf B. shelfs D. shelves23. There are seven _____ in a week. A. years B. months D. minutes24. My father is a _____. He works in a hospital. A. teacher B. doctorC. ChinesesC. shelfesC. daysC. farmerYes, I ' m from ________American, AmericaA. Lucy ' sB. Lucy '26. They are _ ____jackets.27. What color is ____ coat. A. Peter 's B. Peter '28. These are___ ___ books. A. teachers 's B. teachers29. They are_____________ __ ice creams A. children B. children 's30. This is_____________ b ag. A. Tom and Peter 's and Peter 's31. Where are __ ___ . A. the school 's students B. students ofthe school32. Those are___ ___ bags. A. drivers 's B. drivers 'bag is _____ . A. Mary 's and Tom's B. M ary and Tom 's34. ______ fathers are coming. A. Mary's and Kate's B. Mary's and KateC. Mary and Kate 's__ are these books? A. many B. much36. This pair of pants _____ blue. I like ____ very much. A. is, it B. are,them C. is, them D. are, it_____ glasses of water do you want? A. many B. much38. This is ______ .A. Mike and Jim's bikeB. Mike's and Jim bikeC. Mike's and Jim's bikeD. Mike and Jim bike39. These are ______ .A. Amy and Lingling 's roomB. Amy 's and Lingling 's roomC. Amy's and Lingling 's roomsD. Amy and Lingling 's room40. My ___ ___ big and my ____ ____ happy. A. family is family are B.family is families are三．根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空1. I have a lot of _____ to do. (homework)2. There are seven ____ in a week. (day)3. How many ____ can you see? (tomato)4. Miss Guo is wearing a pair of _____ . (glass)5. There are five ________ in the picture. (child )6. There are two_______ over there ．( bench )7. I like taking ______ ．( photo )8. l can see two _______ standing there ．( woman)9. There are two baskets of ________ on the floor ．( apple ) are three _________ ．( knife )11. How many ______ (sheep) are there on the hill?12. There is some _____ (food) in the basket.13. The baby has only two _______ (tooth) now.14. There is a lot of ______ (water) in the bottle.15. There are five ______ (people ) in his family.16. Let's take _______ (photo), OK?17. The ______ (leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.18. The ______ (child) are playing games on the playground now.19. Their _____ (dictionary) are very new.20. I see you have a few white _____ (hair).21. They are _____ (woman) doctors.22. Can you give me some bottles of __ (orange), please?23. There are many ______ (fox) in the picture.24. I would like some apple ______ (juice). I am very thirsty.四．将下列句子变成复数形式1．This is a knife. ___________________________2．That is a tomato. __________________________3．She has a wish. __________________________4．That child is very lovely. __________________________5. He is looking after the6. It ' s a big heavy box. _________________________________7. This picture is8. She is a beautiful9. I ' m a good child. __________ _____________________________10. That ' s a delicious五．将下列句子改为单数句子1. These are red coats. _______________________________________2. Who' re the boys? They ' re my3. They ' re women workers here. ____________________________________4. Are they playing basketball now? Yes, they5. What are they? They are buses. ______________________________6. Those are beautiful7. We have many old六．翻译下列词组一瓶牛奶一杯茶一双鞋子两条裤子三杯桔子汁六包盐五千克鸡蛋一些面包一点水。
