2014-2015学年小学五年级科学试卷

2015——2016学年第一学期五年级语文阶段性考查姓名：___________ 等级：___________二、判断1、贪婪（lán）支撑（chēng）娱（yú）乐呕（ǒu）心沥血（）2、驳（bó）杂馈（kuī）赠借鉴（jiàn）玷（diàn）污（）3、间（jiàn）隔秉（bǐng）性削(xūe)弱苔藓(xiǎn) （）4、抹（mā）净骨（gǔ）气粘（zhān）贴低头折（zhã）节（）5、过虑判断别出心裁毫不犹豫（）6、吩咐告诫守望相助不动生色（）7、舞姿点缀浮想连翩不言而喻（）8、锻练抉择颇负盛名风欺雪压（）9、“我踮起脚尖，从大人的腋下钻过去。

”是动作描写。

（）10、“明月有情应识我，人生天涯鬓已斑。

”是袁枚写的。

（）11、“须鲸主要吃虾和小鱼。

”去掉“主要”，句子意思不变。

（）12.“你喜欢的书就像一个朋友，就像你的家。

”是比喻句，与文章题目“走遍天下书为侣”相照应。

（）13. 《泊船瓜洲》、《秋思》、《长相思》这三首古诗都是借景物描写来表达作者的思乡之情。

( ) 14. 《落花生》一文作者告诉我们做人要像落花生一样朴实无华、默默奉献，不计名利；不要做像石榴、苹果那样去展现自己的人。

（）15、母亲认为杭州的桂花没有家乡院子里的桂花香，是因为家乡环境好，没有污染。

（）三、读拼音，写词语fēn fu gào jìâjǔsàng yúlâpàn duàn ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) wūyán xián yíbǔrǔyóu yùshūlǐ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )四、按要求写词语1、近义词大抵( ) 秉性( ) 干涸( ) 争辩( )2、反义词推迟( ) 居然( ) 熟悉( ) 困难( )3、形近字组词窃( )帐( )费( )躁( )诫( )窍( )账( )废( )噪( )戒( )五、填空1、时间对每个人来说都是极其珍贵的，可是，林林就不这么认为，每当看到他沉迷于各种游戏中，你真想对他说：_____________________ __ 2、王林读书一直是囫囵吞枣，你用朱熹的一句名言帮助他：_______________________________________________________________。

北京市西城区2014—2015学年度第一学期期末试卷第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）21. They’ve moved to a different house _____ their children can attend a better school.A. in caseB. as long asC. so thatD. even though22. _____ his ID card, Philip had to go to the police station in person and reapply for a new one.A. Having lostB. LosingC. To loseD. Lose23. I believe that the world is _____ you think it is. So smile at the world and it will smile back.A. whatB. howC. thatD. which24. —I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday.—I know your feelings, but if you forgive him, you _____ a bigger man.A. have beenB. would beC. will beD. were25. —What do you do as a volunteer in Africa?—_____! There are many poor people there. They need a lot of help.A. NoneB. SomethingC. LittleD. Everything26. Arriving at the party in a great hurry, we were disappointed to find that the band _____ playing.A. stoppedB. will stopC. has stoppedD. had stopped27. The sign at Gate 8 reads that you _____ show your boarding pass and passport before getting onthe plane.A. canB. mustC. mayD. would28. This ferryboat _____ to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years.A. is usedB. was being usedC. is being usedD. has been used29. It is becoming a threat to the Chinese language and culture _____ some people can’t writeChinese characters properly.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. how30. _____ the travelling needs of passengers, China Railway Corporation has decided that peoplecan book tickets 60 days in advance.A. MeetB. To meetC. MetD. Meeting31. The Alibaba Group, _____ was founded in 1999, has become China’s largest e-commercecompany.A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. that32. —Hi, Lucy! What’s the schedule for tomorrow?—Let me check. You _____ an appointment with Thomas at three o’clock.A. haveB. hadC. were havingD. have had33. Peter would have the chance to present his talents in the competition now if he _____ last term.A. signed upB. had signed upC. signs upD. has signed up34. There are 12 lamps hanging _____ the ceiling in the restaurant.A. onB. inC. fromD. around35. In Singapore, people _____ eating or drinking on the subway can be fined up to 500 Singaporedollars.A. having caughtB. catchingC. caughtD. catchCAACD DBDBB AABCC第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）Each of us struggles for self-respect and self-worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life.I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really36 and even scary sometimes.During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people’s viewing my achievements or my 37 . I wanted everyone’s praise and acceptance, but I was my own toughest critic(挑剔的人).After I graduated from high school, my 38 to be “thin” began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by 39 my food.In the beginning, I felt great—attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyone else. What I di dn’t see was that I was slowly 40 myself.People around me began to 41 my weight loss. They said with concern. “You’re losing too much weight.” “Elisa, you’re so thin.” All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to “42 ” .Sadly, I took my physical 43 the first important in my life, 44 that it was the way to become successful and accepted.Then I cut down my 45 more and more, until a 46 day consisted of half a teaspoon of nonfat yoghurt and coffee in the morning, and a cup of grapes at night.But my poor 47 began to cause me to lose 48 . Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn’t sleep, and my heart felt as though it might beat out of my chest. I tried to49 , but I couldn’t. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer50 . What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really 51 , and I knew I needed help. My roommate rushed me to the52 , beginning the long road to my 53 . It took a lot—doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements…And most important, a sense of what was true about myself got back on track with reality. I realized that, with my 54 of trying to be “perfect” on the 55 , I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are—each and every one of us—already perfect.36．A. natural B. hard C. easy D. possible37．A. natures B. backgrounds C. failures D. scores38．A. problem B. desire C. way D. promise39．A. collecting B. checking C. controlling D. balancing40．A. killing B. forgetting C. asking D. questioning41．A. help B. accept C. reject D. notice42．A. perfection B. devotion C. destination D. attention43．A. strength B. exercise C. examination D. appearance44．A. believing B. realizing C. pretending D. declaring45．A. expense B. movement C. food D. travel46．A. pleasant B. difficult C. different D. typical47．A. memory B. nutrition C. knowledge D. taste48．A. weight B. h ope C. sleep D. job49．A. walk B. relax C. cry D. talk50．A. breathe B. resist C. wake D. remember51．A. scared B. annoyed C. discouraged D. disappointed52．A. bed B. office C. school D. hospital53．A. glory B. recovery C. discovery D. victory54．A. skill B. decision C. experience D. deal55．A. whole B. face C. mind D. outsideBCBCA DADAC DBCBA ADBCD第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）AWelcome to OysterOyster is a smart card which can hold Pay as you go credit, Travelcard and Bus & Tram(有轨电车) Pass season tickets. It is the cheapest way for you to pay for single journeys on bus, Tube, tram, DLR, London Overground and most National Rail services in London.Pay as you go on your Oyster cardUsing Pay as you go is cheaper than paying cash for most journeys.Daily limitIf you’re unsure of the number of journeys you’re going to make, Oyster pay is easy for you to use. Make as many journeys as you like and you’ll never pay more than the daily limit for the zones you’ve travelled in. Daily limits are calculated over a 24-hour period, covering all the journeys starting between 4:30 and 4:29 the next day. There are different limits for different types of transport and times of day.The system calculates the daily limit based on when and how you travel. Money will be taken away from your card each time you travel, until you reach a daily limit. This includes Pay as you go travel on bus, Tube, tram, London Overground and most National Rail services in London. River services and the Emirates Air Line do not contribute to your daily limit. For more information, visit /oyster.Season tickets on your Oyster cardYou can buy Travelcards and Bus & Tram Passes on Oyster. With a Travelcard, you can travel as many times as you like on bus, Tube, London Overground and National Rail services on the dates, and across the trav el zones you’ve paid for. Please ensure your Travelcard covers all the zones you travel through. If your Travelcard includes zone 3, 4, 5 or 6, you can also use it on tram services. Bus & Tram Passes can be used on trams and London buses displaying the red roundel bus symbol on the dates you’ve paid for.The red roundelWhen you first get an Oyster card, you will need to pay a £5 refundable (可退款的) deposit. If you no longer need your Oyster card, we’ll refund any remain ing pay. Find out more at /refunds.56. What do we know about the daily limit?A. You’ll stop paying once you reach the daily limit.B. River services help contribute to your daily limit.C. The daily limit is fixed no matter when you travel.D. You’ll pay more than the daily limit for your travel.57. Season tickets include _____.A. Oyster card and TravelcardsB. Pay as you go and TravelcardsC. Travelcards and Bus & Tram PassesD. Pay as you go and Bus & Tram Passes58. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A brochure.B. A report.C. A novel.D. An essay.56．A 57．C 58．ABMy morning routine varies little from day to day. I walk the dog, eat breakfast at the kitchen counter with Katie and Matt, and then settle in for a day at the computer. And because I work mostly from home, I have learned that little walks into the outside world are important for psychological well-being. So before I begin attempting to put sentences together, I walk over to a little coffee shop in my neighborhood, and chat with the folks behind the counter.The coffee shop is on the other side of the historic Chesapeaker & Ohio Canal from my house. Whenever in season, tourists line up to take a slow boat, if not to India, at least into the 19th century.One warm day last fall, I turned the corner to see one of the boatmen sitting alone on the boat, bathed in early-morning light. He was playing the violin. The scene stopped me in my tracks. What I witnessed could only be described as a perfect moment. Ten seconds at most. But months later I still remember just standing there, watching, listening, and taking it all in.We all have such moments put before us. Little surprises. Whether we’re wise enough to see them is another thing.I thought of the violin man one Sunday afternoon while reading the biographies of those killed in the Columbia incident. The specialist Laurel Clark, talking from the shuttle a few days before it was to land, said it was blissful to see the simple unexpected wonders of space, like a sunset. “There’s a flash; the whole payload bay turns this rosy pink,” she said. “It only lasts about 15 seconds, and then it’s gone.”I once had a friend who had a strange habit that never stopped to amuse me, maybe because I never quite knew when she was going to spring it on me. It could come in the middle of a particularly lively dinner with old friends. Out of the blue, she’d say, “Stop! I want to remember this moment.” I realize now, after her death, what wise advice that is.59. The author goes out for a walk every day in the morning mainly because _____.A. she needs to walk the dog and enjoy the fresh airB. she considers that it is good for her physical healthC. she hates to be left alone at home when others are outD. she benefits psychologically from contacting the outside world60. The underlined word “blissful” in Paragraph 5 probably means _____.A. enjoyableB. valuableC. agreeableD. reasonable61. The main purpose of the passage is to tell people to _____.A. develop a good habitB. enjoy life to the fullestC. catch the valuable moments in lifeD. be willing to follow friends’ advice62. “I” in the passage is probably a _____.A. violinistB. writerC. sailorD. waitress59．D 60．A 61．C 62．BCA lot of us think that we should visit the dentist every six months. Whether those check-ups are really necessary is, however, a matter of debate. In 2000, three-quarters of dentists surveyed in New York were recommending six-monthly check-ups, despite the absence of evidence. Today, many organizations still recommend six-monthly check-ups. But for several decades some have been arguing that the choice of six months as the ideal space between visits is rather questionable. For example, Aubrey Sheiham, a professor of dental public health, published a paper complaining about the lack of evidence for six-monthly check-ups. Almost 40 years, he’s still making the same point.Last year the Cochrane Collaboration performed a review of the research that had been done and they were disappointed with what they found. The quality and quantity of the research was simply too poor to back up the idea of six-monthly check-ups.There’s something else we have to bear in mind. Even when a study finds, for example, that children who go to the dentist frequently have fewer fillings, there may be other factors(因素) at work. Those same children may have other advantages; they may eat more healthily and have better quality dental equipment.How often should you visit the dentist, then? Bodies like Nice, which provides guidance for the National Health Service in England and Wales, say that the frequency of dental visits all depends on the individual. They recommend that children go at least once a year because their teeth can decay(蛀蚀) faster, while adults without problems can wait as long as two years. They even go as far as to say that longer than two years is OK for people who have shown commitment to caring for their teeth.Where does this leave the rest of us the next time we receive a card in the mail reminding us our next dental visit is due? We’d all like an excuse to go less often, and the good news is that if you don’t have any problems you can probably w ait a little longer than six months between visits. But exactly how long you can wait before your appointment with the dentist’s chair will depend on the assessment you and your dentist make of your own risk.63. Who supports six-monthly dental check-ups?A. All the dentists.B. Many organizations.C. Aubrey Sheiham.D. The National Health Service.64. The research may not prove the idea of six-monthly check-ups because _____.A. the researchers were not qualifiedB. the number of the subjects was bigC. there might be other factors at workD. there was a lack of quality dental equipment65. We can learn from the last two paragraphs that _____.A. people often find excuses to avoid the next dental visitB. the frequency of dental visits varies for different peopleC. people should decide when to go to the dentist by themselvesD. the healthier a person is, the less frequent the dental visits are66. What is the best title for this passage?A. How can we go to the dentist less?B. Why do we need to visit our dentist?C. Who should go to the dentist frequently?D. How often do we need to visit our dentist?63．B 64．C 65．B 66．DDDo we really know our best friends?I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously.It’s generally held that friends are people with whom we choose to develop relationships because we find their personalities agreeable, or similar to our own, and yet experience regularly contradicts this. What is a friend, really? All that one can safely say is that a friend is someone one likes and wishes to see again.The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens. When the researchers Michael Gill and Bill Swann questioned students sharing rooms, they found that, as time passed, people became even more confident in the accuracy of their judgments about the other, and yet, in reality, the judgments grew no more accurate. Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives.This seems strange, until you consider, that many of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability. Friendship may be less about being drawn to someone’s personality than about finding someone willing to keep you company, or lend an ear. A friend provides the “social-identity support” we desire. You needn’t be a close match with someone, nor deeply familiar with their mind. And once a friendship has begun, you want to like it, if only to confirm that you made the right decisi on. We don’t want to know everything about our friends. We don’t base friendships on what we learn about people; we decide what to learn about people, and what to ignore, based on having decided to be friends.Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendshipas an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’sfaults and not probe (刨根问底) too deeply in ways that mightweaken the friendship. Perhaps a true friend is someone whodoesn’t ask many awkward questions.67. Why does the author tell the stories of his two friends in thefirst paragraph?A. To provide background information.B. To introduce the topic of the passage.C. To stress the importance of friendship.D. To show the difference between friends.68. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.A. friendsB. judgmentsC. researchersD. benefits69. It can be concluded from the passage that _____.A. close friends usually know each other in depthB. real friends are people you like but don’t wish to see oftenC. we do not necessarily share personalities with close friendsD. the longer we stay with friends, the more accurately we judge them70. Which statement about friends will the author probably accept?A. Stay friends but keep a distance.B. It takes a long time to grow an old friend.C. Real friends will tell you when your face is dirty.D. True friends know all about you and still like you.67．B 68．D 69．C 70．A第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）Real-life Room Escape GamesReal-life room escape games are a type of physical adventure game in which people are locked in a room with other participants and have to use the things in the room to settle a series of puzzles, find clues (线索), and escape the room within a set time limit.The games are based off Escape the Room video games, such as Crimson Room and QP-Shot, created by TAKAGISM Inc. by Toshimitsu Takagi in 2005, in which the player is locked inside a room and must explore his or her surroundings in order to escape. 71 Other inspirations include adventure board games and movies. Real-life room escape games are becoming popular in the United States, Japan, and China. 72 For example, some games require you escape prison cells while others require you escape space stations.73 Soon, they were exported to North America, Asia and Australia. Examples include the two pioneer companies Hint Hunt and Adventure Rooms.The games were so successful that new locations began opening up across China, in cities big and small, according to Want China Times. In the southern city of Shenzhen, for example, the first escape game location opened last August. 74 “These real-life escape games can help those who stay at home on their computers and iPads all day to experience real social circles,” Tian Xiaochuan, who owns two room escape game stores in Jinan, told Want China Times.Earlier this year, The South China Morning Po s t said the real-life escape games are a hit among “highly stressed students and overworked young professionals.” 75 Some players get so involved that they tear down equipment or decorations inside their “prisons”, as Zhu Yumeng, chief operating officer of Beijing room escape game store Taoquan told China Daily.A. Each game adds local themes to settings.B. And seven new game locations quickly followed.C. They should also be brave enough to face their fears.D. Sometimes the excitement becomes a bit much, though.E. Weekend or day event escape games have been held in some stores.F. Permanent real life escape games in a fixed location were first opened in Europe.G. Players must be observant and use their critical thinking skills to escape the room.71．G 72．A 73．F 74．B 75．D第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）你的英国笔友Chris要来北京参加一个汉语冬令营。

20 14 —2015学年度第二学期期中考五年级英语试卷（满分100分，考试时间60分钟）听力部分（40分）一、听录音，判断图片或句子是否相符，相符的打“√”，不相符的打“×”。

(12分)1. 2. 3.( ) ( ) ( )4. 5. 6.( ) ( ) ( )二、听录音，选择最佳答语。

(10分)( ) 1. A. I like apples. B. I like winter. C. I like June.( ) 2. A. It’s windy. B. It’s in January and February. C. It’s winter.( ) 3. A.Because I can swim. B. Because I can skate. C. I like summer( ) 4.A.I can fly kites. B. I often pick apples. C. I often go swimming.( ) 5. A. it’s Monday. B. It’s in summer. C. It’s April.三、听录音，根据录音内容填写句子中所缺的单词（每空一词）。

（8分）1. Spring is from _________ to May.2. Grandpa grows ________ grapes.3. I often _______ _______ ______ ________ with my family.4. The ________ is nice.四、听录音，在相应的选项下打“√”。

(10分)姓名班级考号学校笔试部分（60分）五、用所给的单词填空。

（10分）A．When B. Which C. What D. How E. Why1、_______ is your favourite food? My favourite food is chicken.2、_______ do you get up? I get up at 6:00 a.m..3、_______ old are you? I’m 12 years old.4、_______ season do you like best? I like winter best.5、_______ do you like summer? Because I like summer vocation.六、单项选择。

一、知识再现。

（共 分）．生物之间像链环一样的食物关系，叫做 ，这种关系中直接或间接消费别人制造的食物的生物叫 。

．在光的照射下，物体影子的 与物体离光源的距离有关。

．地震和火山是地球 引起的，地球内部可以分成地壳、地幔、地核三部分，绝大部分地震发生在 内。

．物体都受到一个向下的力，这个力叫 。

力的单位是 。

．一个物体在另一个物体表面运动，有 和 两种方式，同样重量的物体， 时，受到的摩擦力小。

二、辩明是非。

（正确的在括号内打“√”，错误的打“×”）（共 分）（ ） ．绿豆发芽只要有充足的水分就行。

（ ） ．食物链通常从绿色植物开始，到凶猛的肉食动物终止。

（ ） ．所有的光源在发光时都会发热。

（ ） ．小明为了观察光源，常常用眼睛直对着光源进行观察。

（ ） ．影子的产生有光源和遮挡物两个条件就行了。

（ ） ．地球表面的很多变化都是在流水、风、冰川、海浪等自然力的作用下很缓慢地进行的，是我们在短时间内难以觉察的。

（ ） ．上游河床一般会堆积许多鹅卵石和细沙。

（ ） ．土壤与人类的生产生活没有任何关系。

（ ） ．用黑板擦擦黑板是进行滑动摩擦。

（ ） ．皮筋的弹力越大，作用时间越长，小车运动的距离越近。

三、精挑细选。

（请你将正确答案的字母填写在题中的括号内。

）（共 分）．地球上最有价值的资源是（ ）。

✌．岩石 ．黄金 ．土壤．土壤中的水分是一种（ ）。

✌．纯净水 ．溶液 ．蒸馏水．由于流水对土地有（ ）作用，地表便形成了许多溪流和沟壑。

✌．风化 ．沉积 ．侵蚀．下列物体中，不是光源的是（ ）。

✌．月亮 ．萤火虫 ．夜光玩具．如果太阳在物体的左边，那么影子在物体的（ ）。

✌．右边 ．左边 ．后面．同样材料的物体，表面涂上的颜色也相同，但放置的角度不同，吸收太阳热的本领最大的是（ ）。

✌．水平放置 ．竖直放置 ．倾斜与太阳光垂直．医生带额镜给病人检查耳朵，是巧妙地利用（ ）解决了难题。

五年级语文期中试卷一、我会拼也会写。

（16分）1.看拼音，写词语。

（8分）yîu huîài mù gǔ lì wū yán（）（）（）（）dào qiâ bào jǐng shuāi lǎo cí xiáng（）（）（）（）2、比一比，再组词。

（8分）猴（）讯（）呻（）换（）喉（）迅（）伸（）焕（）二、我能把下列词语补充完整。

（每空一分，共12分）（）天（）地风（）雪（）（）书（）画（）（）大雨毫不（）（）不容（）（）三、我会选词填空。

（每空一分，共6分）囫囵吞枣牵肠挂肚与众不同悲欢离合别出心裁如饥似渴不知从什么时候开始，我喜欢上了阅读，爸爸书架上的一些文艺书籍，差不多都被我翻过了。

刚开始，我读得很快，（），大有“不求甚解”的味道。

慢慢的，故事中人物的命运遭遇吸引了我，他们的（）常常使我（）。

我开始（）地阅读，不知不觉中，得到了丰厚的报偿。

从小学三年级开始，我的作文构思就（），落笔也（）。

四、我会选择关联词填空。

（5分）不是……而是……尽管……还是……如果……就……即使……仍然……只有……才……只要……就……1、（）噪音这位“隐身人”难以对付，人们（）想出了许多制服它的办法。

2、（）装上“吃音玻璃”，街上的声音为40分贝时，传到房间里（）只剩下12分贝了。

3、它们在树上做窝、生活，（）树被风刮得太厉害，（）到地上来。

4、“夹丝玻璃”（）被打碎了，碎片（）藕断丝连地粘在一起。

5、鲸生活在海洋里，虽然体形像鱼，可它（）鱼类，（）哺乳动物。

五、我能读句子，按要求填写。

（8分）1、你喜爱的书就像是一个朋友，就像你的家。

书，被人们称为人类文明的“长生果”。

以上的句子中，作者分别把书比作（）、（）和（）。

关于书，你肯定也有一些自创的比喻，请大胆地把它们写出来吧！2、松鼠不像山鼠那样，一到冬天就蛰伏不动，它们是十分警觉的。

2014-2015学年新人教版五年级（下）期末数学试卷（1）一、填空．（22分）1. 把米长的绳子平均分成段，每段长是全长的，每段长________米．2. 和的最大公因数是________，最小公倍数是________．3. 分母是的所有最简真分数的和是________．4. 时分________时________________________．5. 分数单位是________，它有________个这样的分数单位，减去________个这样的分数单位后是最小的质数．6. ________________填小数．7. 钟表的分针从到，顺时针旋转________；从到，顺时针旋转________；从开始，顺时针旋转正好到________．8. 用一根长的铁丝，做成一个长，宽的长方体框架，这个框架的高是________．9. 一个正方体接上一个完全相等正方体后，表面积比原来增加了平方厘米，这个正方体的表面积是________平方厘米．10. 有个零件，其中个零件质量相等，另一个轻一些．至少称________次才能保证找出这个零件．二、判断．（正确的画“√”，错误的画“×”）（6分）11. 一个正方体的棱长扩大倍，它的表面积扩大倍．________．（判断对错）12. 分数的分母越大，它的分数单位就越小．________（判断对错）13. 棱长为分米的正方体，它的表面积和体积相等．________．（判断对错）14. 在克水中加入克盐，这时盐占盐水的．________．（判断对错）15. 互质的两个数一定都是质数．________．（判断对错）16. 折线统计图更容易看出数量的增减变化．________．（判断对错）三、选择．（将正确答案的序号填在括号里．）（8分）17. 的分子加上，要使分数值不变，分母应加上（）A. B. C.18. 一个棱长厘米的正方体木块，把它平均分成两个大小完全相等的长方体木块后，表面积（）A.不变B.增加平方厘米C.增加平方厘米D.减少平方厘米19. 用一根长（）厘米的铁丝正好围成长厘米、宽厘米、高厘米的长方体框架．A. B. C. D.20. 一个长方体，长、宽、高各扩大倍，体积扩大（）倍．A. B. C.21. 两个质数的积一定是（）A.奇数B.偶数C.质数D.合数22. 下面几个分数中，不能化成有限小数的是（）A. B. C. D.23. 五班男生人数占全班人数的，五班男生人数也占全班人数的，两班的男生人数（）A.同样多B.班多C.班多D.无法比较24. 如果□是的倍数，那么□里最大填（）A. B. C. D.四、计算．（30分）25. 直接写出得数．26. 脱式计算．（能简算的要简算）27. 解方程．；；；．28. 列式计算．（1）一个数比与的差多，这个数是多少？（2）从里减去和的和，差是多少？五、操作题．（9分）29. 画出如图中三角形绕点顺时针旋转后的图形．30. 计算如图的表面积与体积．（单位：）六、解决问题．（25分）31. 甲，乙，丙三个运动员跑步，甲分钟跑一圈，乙分钟跑一圈，丙分钟跑一圈．三人同时同地出发，至少经过多少分钟三人才能在原出发地相遇．32. 工人们修一条长米的路，第一天修了全长的，第二天比第一天多修了全长的，还剩几分之几没有修？33. 一个正方体的表面积是平方厘米，把它锯成体积相等的个小正方体，求每个小正方体的表面积是多少？34. 修路队修一条公路，第一周修了，第二周修了，剩下的比前两周修的总和少，这条公路共长多少千米？35. 在一个长、宽、高的水池中注满水，然后把两条长、宽、高的石柱立着放入池中，水池溢出的水的体积是多少？参考答案与试题解析2014-2015学年新人教版五年级（下）期末数学试卷（1）一、填空．（22分）1.【答案】，．【考点】分数的意义、读写及分类【解析】把米长的绳子平均分成段，根据分数的意义，即将这根米长的绳子当做单位“”平均分成份，则每段是全长的，每段的长为：．【解答】解：每段是全长的：，每段的长为：．2.【答案】,【考点】求几个数的最大公因数的方法求几个数的最小公倍数的方法【解析】最大公因数也就是这几个数的公有质因数的连乘积，最小公倍数是共有质因数与独有质因数的连乘积，对于两个数来说：两个数的公有质因数连乘积是最大公因数，两个数的公有质因数与每个数独有质因数的连乘积是最小公倍数，由此解决问题即可．【解答】解：，所以与的最大公因数是，最小公倍数是．故答案为：，．3.【答案】【考点】最简分数【解析】分子与分母互质并且分子小于分母的分数叫做最简真分数，据此找出分母是的所有最简真分数，然后求和即可．【解答】解：分母是的最简真分数有：、、、、、，它们的和是：；故答案为：．4.【答案】,,,【考点】时、分、秒及其关系、单位换算与计算体积、容积进率及单位换算【解析】把时分化成时数，用除以进率，然后再加上；把立方分米化成立方米数，用除以进率；把立方分米化成立方厘米数，用乘进率；把升化成毫升数，用乘进率；即可得解．【解答】解：时分时；故答案为：，，，．5.【答案】,,【考点】分数的意义、读写及分类合数与质数【解析】判定一个分数的单位看分母，分母是几，分数单位就是几分之一；再把化成假分数，看分子是几，里面就有几个分数单位；最小的质数是，用这个分数减去的结果，再看有几个分数单位即可解答．【解答】解：的分母是，所以分数单位是，，分子是，所以它有个这样的分数单位；最小的质数是，，即减去个这样的分数单位后是最小的质数．故答案为：，，．6.【答案】,【考点】比与分数、除法的关系小数、分数和百分数之间的关系及其转化【解析】解决此题关键在于，的分子和分母同乘可化成；的分子和分母也可以同乘化成；用分子做被除数，分母做除数可转化成除法算式为，的被除数和除数同乘可化成；用分子除以分母得小数商为；由此进行转化并填空．【解答】解：；故答案为：，，，．7.【答案】,,【考点】角的概念及其分类旋转【解析】钟面上个数字把钟面平均分成了个大格，一个大格所对应的度数是，由此即可解答．【解答】解：钟面上个数字把钟面平均分成了个大格，一个大格所对的度数是，分针从顺时针旋转到，经过了个大格，所以旋转度数为：；分针从顺时针旋转到，经过了个大格所以旋转度数为：；因为，所以分针从开始，顺时针旋转是经过了个大格，，所以从开始，顺时针旋转正好到．答：钟表的分针从到，顺时针旋转；从开始，顺时针旋转正好到．故答案为：，，．8.【答案】米【考点】长方体的特征【解析】用一根长的铁丝，做成一个长方体的框架，也就是这个长方体的棱长总和是米，长方体的棱长总和（长+宽+高），用棱长总和除以再减去长和宽即可．【解答】解：（米），答：这个长方体框架的高是米．故答案为：米．9.【答案】【考点】长方体和正方体的表面积【解析】由题意可知：一个正方体接上一个完全相等正方体后，表面积比原来增加了平方厘米，增加的平方厘米是正方体的个面的总面积，由此可以求出一个面的面积，然后用一个面的面积乘即可．【解答】解：（平方厘米），答：这个正方体的表面积是平方厘米．故答案为：平方厘米．10.【答案】【考点】找次品【解析】因天平是一个等臂杠杆，所以如果左右两盘质量不一样，则天平会不平衡，利用此特点进行分组称量：（把质量较轻的那个零件看做次品）把个零件分成两组：个组，进行第一次称量，找出较轻的那一组；由此再把较轻的个零件分成组，任取个零件，分别放在天平秤两边，如果天平秤保持平衡，则未取得零件即为质量轻的，若天平秤不平衡，则比较轻的一边的零件即为质量轻的．【解答】解：把个零件分成两组：个组，进行第一次称量，找出较轻的那一组；再把较轻的个零件分成组：任取个零件，分别放在天平秤两边，如果左右相等，那么说明剩下的一个是轻的零件品，如果左右不等，那么比较轻的一边的零件即为质量轻的．答：至少称次才能保证找出这个零件．故答案为：．二、判断．（正确的画“√”，错误的画“×”）（6分）11.【答案】正确【考点】长方体和正方体的表面积【解析】设正方体的棱长为，扩大后的棱长为，分别计算出表面积，即可求出表面积扩大的倍数．【解答】解：设正方体的棱长为，扩大后的棱长为，原表面积：，扩大后的正方体的表面积：，表面积扩大：倍；故答案为：正确．12.【答案】√【考点】分数大小的比较【解析】分数单位的意义：把单位“”平均分成若干份，表示其中一份的数就是它的分数单位；据此一个分数的分母越大，就表示单位“”平均分成的份数就越多，所以它的分数单位就越小．【解答】解：分数的分母越大，它的分数单位就越小．题干的说法是正确的．故答案为：√．13.【答案】【考点】长方体和正方体的表面积长方体和正方体的体积【解析】这个正方体的表面积数和体积数虽然相等，但是面积和体积不能比较大小，即可作判断．【解答】解：因为表面积和体积不能比较大小，故答案为：．14.【答案】【考点】分数除法应用题【解析】在克水中加入克盐，则盐水总重克，根据分数的意义，用盐重除以盐水总重，即得盐占盐水的几分之几．【解答】解：答：盐占盐水的．故答案为：．15.【答案】错误【考点】合数与质数【解析】根据互质数的意义，公因只有的两个数叫做互质数．和任何非自然数是互质数，既不是质数也不是合数；由此解答．【解答】解：根据互质数的意义，互质的两个数不一定都是质数，和任何非自然数是互质数，既不是质数也不是合数；因此互质的两个数一定都是质数，此说法是错误的．故答案为：错误．16.【答案】正确【考点】统计图的特点【解析】折线统计图的特点：不但可以表示出数量的多少，而且能看出各种数量的增减变化情况；据此进行解答即可．【解答】根据折线统计图的特点：不但可以表示出数量的多少，而且能看出各种数量的增减变化情况；得出：折线统计图更容易看出数量的增减变化，说法正确；三、选择．（将正确答案的序号填在括号里．）（8分）17.【答案】B【考点】分数的基本性质【解析】的分子加上，分子扩大了倍，根据分数的基本性质，要使分数值不变，分母应该扩大倍，变成，所以分母应加上，据此判断即可．【解答】解：所以要使分数的大小不变，分母应加上．故选：．18.【答案】C【考点】简单的立方体切拼问题长方体和正方体的表面积【解析】把这个正方体分成两个完全一样的长方体时，增加了两个边长是厘米的正方形的面的面积，一个是，所以再乘以就是增加的面积．【解答】解：表面积比原来增加的面积是：（平方厘米）答：表面积增加平方厘米．故选：．19.【答案】C【考点】长方体的特征【解析】根据题意可知，需要多长的铁丝围成一个长方体框架，也就是求长方体的棱长总和．长方体的棱长总和（长+宽+高），把数据代入公式解答即可．【解答】解：，，（厘米），答：需要一根长厘米的铁丝．故选：．20.【答案】C【考点】长方体和正方体的体积【解析】可以设长方体的长、宽、高分别为、、，扩大后变为、、，然后根据长方体的体积公式计算后进行选择．【解答】解：原；扩；所以体积扩大了倍；故选：．21.【答案】D【考点】合数与质数【解析】在自然数中，除了和它本身外，没有别的因数的数为质数．最小的质数是，除了之外，其它质数都为奇数．根据数的奇偶性可知，与其它质数相乘的积一定是偶数；除了之外，其它两个质数相乘的积是奇数，即两个质数的积可能是偶数也可是质数；又在自然数中，除了和它本身外，还有别的因数的数为合数．两质数相乘的积的因数，除了和它本身外，还有这两个质数是它的因数，即共有个因数．一定为合数．【解答】根据质数的意义及数的奇偶性可知，个质数的积可能是偶数也可是质数；根据合数的意义可知，两质数相乘的积，一定为合数．22.【答案】B【考点】小数与分数的互化【解析】根据一个最简分数，如果分母中只含有质因数或，不能含有其它的质因数，这个分数就能化成有限小数；如果分母中含有或以外的质因数，这个分数就不能化成有限小数．因此解答．【解答】解：首先把化成最简分数是，分母中只含有质因数，的分母只含有质因数，的分母中只含有质因数，都能化成有限小数；约分后是，分母中含有质因数，不能化成有限小数；故选：．23.【答案】D【考点】分数大小的比较【解析】第一个是把五班的人数看作单位“”，第二个是把五班的人数看作单位“”，两个的单位“”不一样，所以无法比较大小，据此解答即可．【解答】解：因为两个的单位“”不一样，也就是说两个班的人数的多少无法确定，所以无法比较大小；故选：．24.【答案】C【考点】2、3、5的倍数特征【解析】根据各位上的数字之和是的倍数，这个数一定是的倍数．据此解答．【解答】解：如果□是的倍数，，如果它是的倍数，那么□、、，最大填；故选：．四、计算．（30分）25.【答案】解：【考点】分数的简便计算【解析】直接利用分数加减法的计算法则计算得出答案即可．利用加法交换律简算，利用减法的性质简算．【解答】解：26.【答案】解：；；；；；．【考点】分数的简便计算【解析】利用减法的性质简算；利用加法交换律与结合律简算；先算加法，再算减法．【解答】解：；；；；；．27.【答案】解：；；；．【考点】方程的解和解方程【解析】依据等式的性质，方程两边同时减求解；依据等式的性质，方程两边同时加，再同时减求解；依据等式的性质，方程两边同时加，再同时除以求解；先化简方程，再依据等式的性质，方程两边同时加求解．【解答】解：；；；．28.【答案】这个数是．（2）．答：差是．【考点】分数的四则混合运算【解析】（1）先算与的差，所得的差再加上；（2）先算和的和，再用减去所得的和．【解答】解：．答：这个数是．（2）．答：差是．五、操作题．（9分）29.【答案】解：【考点】作旋转一定角度后的图形【解析】旋转作图步骤：明确题目要求：弄清旋转中心、旋转方向和旋转角；分析所作图形：找出构成图形的关键点；找出关键点的对应点：按一定的方向和角度分别作出各关键点的对应点；作出新图形：顺次连接作出的各点．【解答】解：30.【答案】图形的表面积是．答：图形的体积是．【考点】规则立体图形的表面积规则立体图形的体积【解析】根据图示，可得图形的表面积等于棱长是的正方体的侧面积和长、宽、高分别是、、的长方体的表面积的和，据此求出图形的表面积即可．根据图示，可得图形的体积等于棱长是的正方体的体积和长、宽、高分别是、、的长方体的体积的和，据此求出图形的体积即可．【解答】解：六、解决问题．（25分）31.【答案】至少经过分钟三人才能在原出发地相遇．【考点】公因数和公倍数应用题【解析】当三人在原出发地相遇时用的时间一定是三人各跑一圈所用时间的最小公倍数，求出它的最小公倍数，就是再次在原出发地相遇时用的时间．【解答】解：，，，，和的最小公倍数是，所以三人又在原出发地相遇时用的时间是分．32.【答案】还剩没有修．【考点】分数加减法应用题【解析】要求还剩几分之几没有修，需要先求出第二天修了全长的几分之几，进而用“”减去第一天与第二天修的分率和得解．【解答】解：33.【答案】每个小正方体的表面积是平方厘米．【考点】体积的等积变形长方体、正方体表面积与体积计算的应用【解析】根据正方体的表面积是平方厘米可知，这个正方体的一个面的面积为平方厘米，所以这个大正方体的棱长为厘米；根据正方体切割成个小正方体的特点可以得出，切割后的小正方体的棱长为厘米，由此利用正方体的表面积公式即可解决问题．【解答】解：（平方厘米），所以大正方体的棱长为厘米，根据大正方体切割成个小正方体的特点可得：每个小正方体的棱长为厘米，所以每个小正方体的表面积为：（平方厘米），34.【答案】这条公路共长千米．【考点】分数加减法应用题【解析】要求这条公路共长多少千米，需要先求出修了两周后剩下的千米数，进而把第一周、第二周和剩下的千米数加起来得解．【解答】解：剩下：这条公路共长：35.【答案】水池溢出的水的体积是立方米．【考点】探索某些实物体积的测量方法长方体和正方体的体积【解析】根据题意，溢出水的体积就是石柱浸入水的体积，石柱浸入水的高为米，根据长方体的体积公式，求出一个石柱的体积，再乘上即可解答．【解答】解：（立方米）。

五年级统考语文试卷分析及经验交流材料轩辕小学雍清刚2014——2015学年度全县小学五年级语文统考已经结束，我县参加考试的人数是4209人，均分为74.97分，及格率98.79%，其中全县中心小学参加考试的人数是2304人，均分为82.30分，及格率98.74%；轩辕小学在全县中心小学中名列第一，265人参加此次考试，均分为88.52，及格率99.62%；我所带的五一班也取得了可喜的成绩，67人参加考试，均分为89.40分，及格率100%，优良率97%，单科全县排名第一。

为了真正发挥考试评价促进学生发展，促进教师提高和改进教学方法的三重功能，现谨就本次统考做如下分析：一、试题的特点本次测试共有三大题，可以概括为积累与运用，阅读与理解，习作三大类。

这三大类是从知识与技能，过程与方法，情感态度与价值观方面进行检测。

积累与运用占55%，阅读理解运用占20%，习作占25%，这样的比例分配体现了高年级以理解运用为主的教学重点，也体现了新课程标准的理念。

二、学生答题分析在第一部分积累与运用中，基础知识的考察如：第一小题看拼音写词语，第二小题用对号给加点字选择正确读音，第三小题比一比再组词，第四小题补充词语，第八小题将下列句子补充完整，这几道题大部分学生能正确作答，并且书写规范，失分较少；基本技能的考察如：用斜线划去括号中的错别字一题大部分学生对“印”与“映”不能正确区分，第六小题“仍然、居然、果然、显然”的选词填空大部分学生对这四个词语意思区别不准确，做错的较多，失分较大；第七小题按要求写句子中反问句变陈述句，修改病句，缩句等题大部分学生都有不同程度的失分；从第一部分整体来看，学生积累部分学的较扎实，运用部分还存在着一定的问题。

在第二部分阅读与理解中，课内阅读为《圆明园的毁灭》中的片段，因为是学过的文章，且反复背诵练习过，故得分率较高。

而课外阅读恰恰相反，较少有满分，失分原因有1、对震动，惊动的意思区分不清楚，出现错选。

2015-2016学年上学期期末试卷分析五年级科学苏教版一、试卷命题情况：⒈ 试卷的笼盖率高：本册课本的5个单元，试卷除1单元涉及内容较少之外，其他单位都有题型涉及。

特别是第3单元和第4单元成为了知识审核的重点和难点。

⒉试卷具有根本性：试卷能反映出学生最根本的学习情形，如填空题、选择题与简答实验题，这些题型根本都能反映学平生日所学习的根本知识掌握与否，并且题量与比分都占有较大的比例，因而本试卷的检测能考查出学生根本知识所掌握的情形。

⒊试卷具有敏捷性：试卷的题型固然还保留原来古板题型，试卷共分为四个题型，分别为填空、选择、简答、实验题。

但试题非凡敏捷，无论是填空题照旧另外的题都具有较好的敏捷性。

⒋试卷具有综合性试卷的综合包罗它的知识综合与技能的综合，知识的综合表现在试卷的标题型上，如对知识的再现，表现在填空、简答题上，技能的综合是我们科学测验的一个重要组成局部，如实验题。

二、试题的类别与分值试题一共分四个大题，分别是填空、选择、知识补充、实验。

题型比较规整，与学生平时练习的题目基本相同，学生在问题回答时比较容易。

三、具体分析⒈填空题：填空题是得分率较高的题，同学们大多数根本知识较扎实，但也有几个谬误。

如：第4小题，主要考察神经中枢有什么合成，我以为出现这样的谬误最主要的因为是概念没背会。

其余，再有写错别字造成丢分的，也有不少同学。

⒉选择题：选择题主要考察学生对科学观点掌握的正确与否，选择题它给学生选择的答案更多，并且又伴有很多作梗的因素，增加了学生对客观事物正确选择的难度，更具有思考性。

谬误聚集在5题。

第5题，下面属于右脑管理的是（书写），好多同学选的是情感，音乐。

属于记忆性错误，失分很多。

3．实验题是研究不同的岩石，你准备研究什么性质？准备那些工具？而且小组成员在合作中应该注意些什么？题型很特殊，对学生来说没有难度，只是第二因素，工具部分学生掌握的不是很好，所以这个地方出错较多。

五、措施和建议从以上试卷剖析中可以看出，我在以后的教学中还有很多的难题，但是我会努力的，主要从以下几个方面努力:⒈认真钻研课本课前能认真备课，认真地阅读课本，仔细地阅读教参，明白课本的编写意图，每一课课本的教授内容和科学的观点，明白课本的重点与难点。