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２５７ 以抓住篮球的素材，对学生进行写作扩展。
比如教师可以给学生介绍与篮球有关的人物，对学生进行写作素材的扩展。
教师可以介绍与篮球有关的比赛方法、篮球运动员等英语材料，让学生在了解与篮球有关的英文材料时，可以积累到更多的写作素材。
针对喜欢打篮球的同学，教师还可以鼓励学生积极站起来用英文介绍自己喜欢的篮球运动员，或者用英文简单描述一下自己为什么喜欢打篮球。
在学生介绍完之后，教师可以根据学生所说的内容，对学生进行扩展的教育。
比如当学生说：“Ｉｌｉｋｅｐｌａｙｉｎｇｂａｓｋｅｔｂａｌｌｂｅｃａｕｓｅｐｌａｙｉｎｇｂａｓｋｅｔｂａｌｌｃａｎｋｅｅｐｍｙｂｏｄｙｈｅａｌｔｈｙ．”教师就可以根据打篮球能提高学生的身体素质进行拓展，给学生普及篮球给身体带来的好处。
教师还可以给学生扩展打篮球能培养坚持不懈的品质，给学生扩展写作句子：“Ｐｌａｙｉｎｇｂａｓｋｅｔｂａｌｌｈａｓｔａｕｇｈｔｍｅｎｏｔｔｏｇｉｖｅｕｐａｎｄｋｅｅｐｔｒｙｉｎｇａｆｔｅｒｆａｉｌｕｒｅ．”通过对英语写作主题的素材拓展可以不断提高学生的写作素材积累量，从而提高学生的写作能力和写作技巧。
三、利用维导图梳理写作思路要进行英文写作，首先要保证学生有具体的英文写作思路，在思路清晰后才能对英文文章进行有条理的书写。
因此教师在教学生句子的组合、词汇的用法以及语法结构的同时，还要注重对学生写作思维的培训，让学生在写作时有清晰的条理。
教师可以教导学生，利用思维导图来梳理英文写作思路。
教师可以采取不同的方法围绕写作主题对学生进行英文写作思维导图教学。
例如，在确立了写作主题之后，要求学生针对写作主题建立一个思维导图，在思维导图建立完成之后再进行具体写作。
比如在对译林版小学英语六年级上册第２单元《Ｗｈａｔａｄａｙ》进行写作教学时，教师要指导学生围绕写作主题进行思维导图的建立。
如果写作主题是：Ｏｎｅｄａｙｏｆｍｉｎｅ，教师就可以先指导学生在空白的纸上简单画出自己一天的活动，然后用简单的英文在活动旁边进行标注，然后根据英文标注以及画面的内容进行思维导图的建立。
第42卷第1期肇庆学院学报V ol.42,No .12021年1月JOURNAL OF ZHAOQING UNIVERSITYJan 2021功能目的论视角下政府外宣文本翻译策略研究邓薇（广东金融学院外文学院，广东广州510520）摘要：本文以政府外宣文本为语料来源，以应用翻译最具影响力的功能目的论为视角，通过典型案例分析，提出了政治主张明确法、修辞效果求同法、语境意义匹配法、冗余信息简略法等翻译策略，以期为政府外宣文本翻译提供管窥之见。
关键词：政府外宣文本；翻译策略；功能目的论中图分类号：H059文献标志码：A文章编号：1009-8445（2021）01-0055-05收稿日期：2020-03-28基金项目：广州市哲学社科规划2017年度课题（2017GZQN02）；湖南省哲学社会科学项目（16WLH27）作者简介：邓薇（1982-），女，湖南双峰人，广东金融学院外文学院讲师，博士。
以国家政府为发布主体的政府外宣文本是让世界了解中国情况、塑造积极的国家形象的重要渠道，其“文本内容、翻译策略、译文质量、传播效果等都会直接或间接影响着我国在国际传媒中的国家形象”[1]75，关涉到国家形象、国家利益、国际影响力和话语权。
本文拟从功能目的理论视角，通过典型案例分析，探索政府外宣文本的翻译策略。
一、功能目的论与政府外宣文本翻译翻译活动是人类社会实践活动，遵循人类活动的行为模式：行为—动机—目的—需求，需求是社会性的，是人自身赖以生存或改变生活方式的精神或物质性内容；而目的则是为满足特定需求可预期达到的行为目标，它决定着行为准则及其道德内容。
从功能目的论看，翻译行为是跨文化、跨语言信息之间转换的复杂的目的性行为。
功能派翻译理论之开创者赖斯[2]认为，译者应充分考虑源文的背景及考虑源文的读者对象，设法使目标语读者能够从目标语文化的角度理解源文。
弗米尔[3]在论述人类目的性行为基础上，明确提出了翻译的目的性，译者首先应该明确翻译的交际目的，并且可以根据翻译目的来选择翻译策略或方法。
２１５ 我的小学语文阅读教学探索■钟素文 （广东省广州市海珠区赤岗小学 ５１００００）【中图分类号】Ｇ６２２ 【文献标识码】Ａ 【文章编号】２０９５－３０８９（２０１８）２４－０２１５－０１ 这些年来，我一直都在教小学一至三年级语文课，学校一般是按小循环安排的。
这样安排，有利于我对本学段的教学内容进行探索。
尤其是阅读教学，属于小学阶段的重难点内容。
我们用的小学语文教材是人教版，教材中提出了一些有关阅读教学的方式和方法，这对提高小学生语文阅读能力大有帮助。
在这里，笔者结合教学实践经验针对小学语文阅读教学进行探索，以期与各位同仁共勉。
一、课堂中教会学生阅读对于小学语文教学，阅读是一项非常重要的任务，对于低年级的学生来说，应着重让学生在阅读中认识更多的生字词，而对于高年级的学生来说，阅读更侧重于对文章的理解以及汲取写作素材。
阅读是教学的重难点，在语文课堂上，教师要教会学生阅读。
具体来说，教师要给予学生一定程度的自由思考空间，并进行及时阅读引导，例如引导学生阅读的方向，因为有些作品过于高深，小学生还理解不了，因此教师要引导学生在平时要多留意优秀的儿童文学作品以及改写的较为出色的名著读本；再就是引导学生学会正确的阅读方法，比如精读、略读等；另外就是引导学生在阅读之后进行感想，通过多种方式让小学生总结阅读过的课文、书籍等，比如可以让学生每周写一篇读后感，或定期举办读书交流活动等。
对于需要背诵的部分，教师可组织学生在班级举办朗诵会，让学生在了解课文内涵的基础上进行背诵，对于有故事情节的课文，让学生表演课本剧。
不同年级的学生对于阅读的偏好不尽相同，小学低年级的学生普遍对寓言、童话、诗词等充满浓厚的趣味，此时我用浅显生动的语言告诉学生这些篇章中蕴含的道理，而对于高年级的小学生，应该适当让学生阅读富有哲理的小短文或者是充满意境的散文等，由浅入深，逐渐让学生理解文字中蕴含的情感。
二、课外养成阅读好习惯在阅读教学中激发学生的阅读兴趣很重要，学生一旦对阅读产生了浓厚的兴趣，就会把读书看成是一大乐事，就会释放巨大的潜能，觉得越读越有兴趣，越读越想读，这样就会有利于养成课外阅读好习惯。
外语外文前言：高效的课堂效率是英语课堂教学的主要追求目标，也是检验教师教学质量和教学水平高低的重要方法，最重要的是高效的课堂效率是提高学生成绩的关键。
英语教学过程有着很多阶段，有讲课、复习、巩固等阶段，其中讲课阶段是最为关键的环节。
讲课包括讲课内容导入与呈现阶段。
导入指的是在教师讲授新知识和开始新的教学活动之前的的准备工作，组织学生进行课前预习，学生进行引导的过程。
内容呈现阶段主要就是靠老师讲解，因为英语没有系统的理论，知识点都是零散的，比如英语单词，为了高考，学生们要掌握大量的单词，记忆英语单词并不是一件简单的事情，就算现在记住了，日后也可能会忘记，是一个复杂的重复记忆过程；英语句型也分好多种，学生们要记住如此多的复杂的句型实属不易。
因此在实际的学习过程中，学生们中普遍存在的问题就是难以记忆复杂的知识点，对句型不能做出准确的判断，做阅读时不能准确快速提取有用的信息等，这就使得学生们学习英语存在一定的难度。
因此老师在课堂上讲课内容的呈现方式就显得非常重要，老师可以提前将本节课要讲的内容为学生整理成整体的知识框架，然后在课堂上呈现出来，方便学生学习和理解，也为老师提供了整体的知识框架和教学框架，使学生对本节所学的知识点可以一目了然，从而提高学习效率，更加准确地掌握英语知识点。
1、中职教师和学生现状分析1.1、学生现状分析一般中职在校生，他们入校时的年龄大多数都是15或者16周岁，也就是说大部分学生还没有成年，他们上这类学校，就是因为录取分数线较低，所以大部分没有养成良好的学习习惯，又因为刚刚离开父母，没了父母的约束，对学习更加放松。
而且大部分自理能力不够高，基础文化也不扎实，对待老师的态度更是傲慢，他们在学校的状态就是：吃喝玩乐，不想玩了或者玩累了就睡觉，睡醒了接着玩，就是拿着父母的钱玩乐几年。
然而，他们大部分都感觉这就是大学生应该过的生活，没有一点疼惜父母辛苦的观念。
1.2、教师现状分析中职教师，由于教学都是按课时上课的，所以教师不可能没当面在课堂上都一一讲清楚，更不可能让每个学生都有充足的时间在课堂上去理解上课讲授的内容，只能靠着学生们利用课下的时间去理解老师上课讲的内容。
英语地点介绍的五大要点作者：雷康成来源：《高中生·天天向上》2018年第01期一、要点内容主次分明要点内容按照重要性排序依次为：评论性的内容>表示位置的内容>表示面积、人口的内容。
例1 北京，位于中国的东北部，是中国的首都，全国的政治中心和文化中心。
分析：审题后可知，句子的主干内容应为北京是中国的首都，全国的政治中心和文化中心。
，在介绍地点的书面表达中，比起表示位置的语句，评论性的语句更为重要（可让读者了解北京是个什么样的地方），应作为句子的主干，而表示位置的语句则作为次要的内容。
例2 中国位于亚洲大陆的东部、太平洋的西岸，陆地面积约960万平方千米。
分析：审题后可知，句子的主干内容应为中国位于亚洲大陆的东部、太平洋的西岸。
在该句中，比起表示面积的语句，表示位置的语句更加重要（可让读者知道中国在哪儿），应作为句子的主干，表示面积的语句则作为次要的内容。
二、面积与人口的描述在描述面积与人口，涉及具体的数字时，若需要用到量同，应使用单数形式。
例3 清华大学坐落于北京西北部风景秀丽的清华园，是中国著名高等学府之一，占地面积3，560，000平方米。
三、气候与天气的表达在描述气候与天气时，常用it或climate作主语。
例4 描述气候与天气的语句：四、城市地位的表达若有几个描述该城市地位的短语，可用not on-ly…but also来连接，从而使句子结构清晰明了且不单调，或用同位语、过去分词短语known as来连接，或用serve as来引出表示城市地位的表达。
例5上海是中国科技、经济、文化中心和首要工业城市。
例6 请根据下列提示，用一句英语介绍广州市。
别称：五羊城、花城等；地位：中国第三大城市，广东省省会。
五、文章的时态和语言文章的时态通常是一般现在时。
在介绍地点时，应做到条理清晰、层次分明、语言简练，还应客观地介绍某个地点且不描述任何主观想法。
例7 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Sarah打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。
２４５ 法将阅读能力和写作能力结合在一起，所以教师需要在教学的过程中将读写技能相结合，帮助学生形成英语语言综合运用能力，为以后的学习打下一定的基础。
二、高中英语中读写技能整合教学模式中存在的问题１．传统教学思维的影响。
首先，教师作为教学过程中的主导者，教师需要改变传统的教学思维，不然也无法将读写能力有效的结合，根据调查所发现，教师对于“语言综合运用能力”的理解并不够深入，从而在课堂上的时候，教师由于教学目标设计的不合理，高中英语课堂只注重了阅读能力和培养，忽略了学生的写作能力。
而且教师在进行选材的时候，有些阅读材料比较松散，无法贴合教学内容，而有些阅读材料又比较枯燥，让学生无法提起对于阅读的兴趣，从而影响到了写作能力的根本，这样的读写材料比较难落实读写能力的整合。
在新课标的改革要求下，高中英语的教学目的主要是为了将读写技能整合，但是教师在将读写能力整合的时候又忽视了对于高中英语教材的合理运用，高中英语教材中，虽然有着局限性，但是我们也需要对教材起到足够的重视和利用，将教材中的知识进行进一步的剖析，从读写两方面去培养学生。
２．教学目标不明确。
根据调查所显示，大部分教师依旧没有把教学目标主要的放在读写技能整合上，还是以学生的成绩为主，读写技能整合为辅，因为教师们普遍觉得，学生的成绩永远是第一位，而读写技能的整合对于学生的成绩并不会有很高的提升，这些行为都导致读写技能整合的效果不是特别好，无法发挥出其本身具备的作用。
有些高中英语教师制定的教学目标针对性较差，看似是将读写技能作为了重点，但是却无法引起教师对于其的重视，教师需要明确语言技能的重要性和学习策略，树立正确、明确的教学目标。
三、高中英语中读写能力整合教学模式的具体运用１．阅读英语课文。
在高中英语课堂上，由于每节课的时间并不多，所以教师需要让学生快速的去阅读英语课文，在学生阅读结束以后，通过师生之间的交流再来理解文中的意思，教师可以在开始阅读的时候给学生提出几个问题，让学生带着问题去进行阅读，这样的阅读方式会让学生带着目的性进行阅读，这样的阅读会更有效率，学生也会对阅读产生兴趣，而对于文中出现的陌生词汇，教师并不能直接告诉学生，而是引导学生去根据上下文进行猜测，并且尝试着在阅读的过程中体会作者想要表达的感情，最后将陌生词汇的具体含义教给学生，以免在日后对文章的知识理解错误。
2019学年广州市高三英语词汇竞赛（2019 - 01）English Vocabulary Competition for Senior 3（完成时间：40-45分钟；满分：100分）一、选择最佳答案(1x40=40)1. The Chinese ________ for crisis consists of two words — Wei Ji, the former meaning dangerand the latter referring to opportunities.A. expressionB. impressionC. explanationD. information2. Nowadays some protective parents want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger, realor imagined.A. spotB. dismissC. shelterD. distinguish3. If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ________ reaction will be to tell thepolice.A. physicalB. immediateC. sensitiveD. sudden4. Fearing unemployment, almost one million people sat China's civil service examination in order to get ________ jobs.A. properB. suitableC. generousD. secure5. This telephone bill is ______ a mistake. It says I owe 3 million dollars.A. accidentallyB. purposefullyC. obviouslyD. formally6. A good teacher should leave some time for the students to ________ the information theyreceive in class.A. introduceB. receiveC. digestD. accept7. The photographer needs to charge up the digital camera every day as its battery ________quickly.A. shuts upB. ends upC. runs outD. turns out8. John worked hard at his lessons and gained ________ to a famous university.A. permissionB. admissionC. agreementD. freedom9. The population of Africa is ________ so rapidly that experts fear there may be food shortages insome regions.A. expandingB. stretchingC. extendingD. spreading10. Helen devoted herself ________ to her research and became a top scientist in the field ofapplied physics.A. seriouslyB. extremelyC. strictlyD. entirely11. The US will stop ______ to green climate funds because they feel they are paying too much.A. attachingB. contributingC. opposingD. referring12. When you ______ money from the bank, compares your signature with the one in its files tosee if it is authentic.A. depositB. dismissC. removeD. withdraw13. Plans are underway for a new ______ at the airport.A. carriageB. harbourC. straitD. terminal14. Unfortunately, by the time the ambulance arrived he was ______.A. unbearableB. uncomfortableC. unconsciousD. unemployed15. The proposal was ______ as too conservative by the committee.A. declinedB. rejectedC. refusedD. resisted16. Among her many ______ are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness.A. virtuesB. varietiesC. victoriesD. victims17. Cheney is everyone’s image of a(n) ______ police man: six feet, 220 pounds and slowthinking.A. typicalB. initialC. matureD. merciful18. The spread of ______ areas endangers wildlife.A. disasterB. suspensionC. urbanD. remote19. A lot of the comments were apparently ______ and general.A. specificB. vagueC. constructiveD. fair20. We know that taste in art is a(n) ______ matter.A. impressiveB. objectiveC. persuasiveD. subjective21. The printed word is no ______ for personal discussion with a great thinker.A. substituteB. considerationC. provisionD. allowance22. The government is trying to do something to ______ better understanding between the twocountries.A. raiseB. promoteC. heightenD. increase23. In children’s minds the Spring Festival is ______ with nice food and presents.A. connectedB. joinedC. combinedD. associated24. To ______ the success in the World Cup, the Chinese team have been practising very hardover the past few months.A. insureB. assumeC. ensureD. secure25. The soldier was______ of running away when the enemy attacked.A. scoldedB. chargedC. accusedD. punished26. He’s watching TV? He’s ______ to be clearing his room!A. knownB. supposedC. regardedD. considered27. If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not ______ going to the doctor.A. put offB. hold backC. put asideD. hold up28. He seemed to have come to a roadblock in solving the problem, so he simply ______whatever came into his head.A. put asideB. put awayC. put backD. put down29. The French pianist who had been praised very highly ______ to be a great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned inC. turned outD. turned down30. People could hardly ______ their anger when they found millions of dollars of public fundshad been used to build luxurious houses for city officials.A. hold backB. draw backC. hold overD. hold up同义词选择从A、B、C、D中选出可替换句中画线部分的最佳选项。
31. All the time, the captain tried to preserve our good spirits by telling stories and talkinghopefully about what we would do when we got back to England.A. protectB. refreshC. keepD. content32. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.A. rigidB. absurdC. fantasticD. boring33. He denied taking money, but we were skeptical .A. significant B sure C. remarkable D. doubtful34. You can judge a man by just a few remarks.A. wordsB. soundC. rawD. meetings35. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.A. fragrantB. ornateC. abnormalD. fragile36. The quality and number of a city's public roads offer an excellent means of gauging itsprosperity.A. protectingB. enrichingC. tracingD. judging37. In the United States there are numerous federal, state and local programs aimed at combating air pollution.A. fightingB. limitingC. prohibitingD. avoiding38. Ten names were deleted from the list of those invited to attend the conference.A. suggested forB. absorbed fromC. removed fromD. included in39. A dog's sense of smell is keener than that of a human being.A. more interestingB. more acuteC. more appropriateD. more useful40. The flowers on the table were a manifestation of the child's love for his mother.A. demonstrationB. (an) explanationC. combinationD. satisfaction二.阅读理解(3X10= 30)(A)The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime's knowledge. But is there a point where it reaches capacity?The answer is no, because brains are more sophisticated（复杂）than that. Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form.Previous behavioral studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forgetting. But in a new study, researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occurs in the brain.In daily life, forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine, for instance, that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number (PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to relevant information, without old memories interfering.And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new, but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference.When we acquire new information, the brain automatically tries to incorporate（合并）it within existing information by forming associations. And when we retrieve（检索）information, both the desired and associated but irrelevant information is recalled.The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on the conditions under which we forget, as its importance begins to be more appreciated.A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome.In a sense, forgetting is our brain's way of sorting memories, so the most relevant memories are ready for retrieval. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our braindoesn't become too full.41. What have past behavioral studies found about our brain?A. Its capacity actually knows no limits.B. It grows sophisticated with practice.C. It keeps our most precious memories until life's end.D. New information learned pushes old information out.42. What is the benefit of forgetting?A. It frees us from painful memories.B. It helps slow down our aging process.C. It facilitates our access to relevant information.D. It prevents old information from forming associations.43. What is the emphasis of current studies of memory?A. When people tend to forget.B. What contributes to forgetting.C. How new technology hinders memory capacity.D. Why learning and forgetting are complementary.44. What do people find about their rare ability to remember every detail of their life?A. It adds to the burden of their memory.B. It makes their life much easier.C. It contributes to their success in life.D. It constitutes a rare object of envy.45. What does the passage say about forgetting?A. It can enlarge our brain capacity.B. It helps get rid of negative memories.C. It is a way of organizing our memories.D. It should not cause any alarm in any way.(B)That was two years after her father's death and a short time after her sweetheart — the one we believed would marry her — had deserted her. After her father's death she went out very little; after her sweetheart went away, people hardly saw her at all. A few of the ladies had the nerve to call, but were not received, and the only sign of life about the place was the Negro man —a young man then — going in and out with a market basket."Just as if a man — any man — could keep a kitchen properly, "the ladies said; so they were not surprised when the smell developed. It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.A neighbor, a woman, complained to the mayor, Judge Stevens, eighty years old."But what will you have me do about it, madam?" he said."Why, send her word to stop it," the woman said. "Isn't there a law? ""I'm sure that won't be necessary," Judge Stevens said. "It's probably just a snake or a rat that servant of hers killed in the yard. I'll speak to him about it."The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in timid deprecation. "We really must do something about it, Judge. I'd be the last one in the world to bother Miss Emily, but we've got to do something." That night the Board of Aldermen met —three graybeards and one younger man, a member of the rising generation."It's simple enough," he said. "Send her word to have her place cleaned up. Give her a certain time to do it in, and if she doesn’t...""Dammit, sir," Judge Stevens said, "will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?"So the next night, after midnight, four men crossed Miss Emily's lawn and slunk about the house like burglars, sniffing along the base of the brickwork and at the cellar openings while one of them performed a regular sowing motion with his hand out of a sack slung from his shoulder. They broke open the cellar door and sprinkled lime there, and in all the outbuildings. As theyrecrossed the lawn, a window that had been dark was lighted and Miss Emily sat in it, the light behind her, and her upright torso motionless as that of an idol. They crept quietly across the lawn and into the shadow of the locusts that lined the street. After a week or two the smell went away.That was when people had begun to feel really sorry for her. People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt, her great-aunt, had gone completely crazy at last, believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily and such. We had long thought of them as a picture, Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip, the two of them framed by the back-flung front door. So when she got to be thirty and was still single, we were not pleased exactly, but vindicated; even with insanity in the family she wouldn't have turned down all of her chances if they had really materialized.46. What did the Negro man possibly do in the family?A. He was an adopted son.B. He worked as a servant.C. He kept the family alive.D. He helped kill the snakes and rats.47. What did the ladies mean by saying the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?A. Men were good at cleaning kitchen in a proper way.B. The Negro man seemed to keep the kitchen properly.C. Men were not able to manage the kitchen well.D. Men were very likely to make a kitchen smelly.48. What was the attitude of Judge Stevens towards the complaints initially?A. He remained neutral without giving suggestions.B. He considers the complaints unreasonable.C. He thought it was the Negro man to blame.D. He thought they were trivial and could be easily solved.49. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Four men tried to sow something in Emily’s lawn after midnight.B. Emily probably noticed some ones cross on her lawn.C. The four men tried to find out where the smell came.D. The smell was finally got rid of by the four men.50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Emily’s great aunt was driven crazy by her father.B. Emily looked down upon the young men who were not rich.C. Emily’s family was too distinguished to be appreciated.D. Emily’s father had set lots of barriers for her pursuers.第二卷（满分30分）二、选词填空（1.5X20=30）请用所给的词完成短文，每个词只能用一次。
