高中英语第一轮复习话题四：自然灾害(基础写作)

题型专项打破 -Unit4 完形填空（自然灾害篇）一、完形填空Earthquakes are common; thousands of them happen each day. But most are (1)weak to feel.During a(2)earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth(3)terribly and many houses(4)down. Railway tracks break and trains go(5)lines; a great many factories are (6) ; thousandsof deaths are caused, and many more lose homes. . .(7)the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake(8), other disasters such as fires often(9) . More buildings are destroyed and more(10) caused.It is well known of the(11) of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than 2, 000 years ago, (12), a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng(13) a machine which could find out from which(14)the seismic(地震的 ) waves had come, and this machine is still (15) by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and(16) they happen, but we still cannot(17)exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot(18)it from happening. So earthquakes are among the (19)disasters in the world.No one can stop natural earthquakes.(20) , scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths.(1)A. very B. too C. quite D. so(2)A. real B. weak C. big D. small(3)A. moves B. shakes C. jumps D. breaks(4)A. get B. put C. set D. fall(5)A. off B. on C. into D. behind(6)A. burst B. struck C. destroyed D. buried(7)A. Except B. Besides C. Instead of D. Because of(8)A. lonely B. later C. themselves D. itself(9)A. follow B. copy C. come D. enter(10) A. quakes B. deaths C. difficulties D. results(11) A. information B. questions C. dangers D. frights(12)A. as a result B. in fact C. for example D. as well(13)A. invented B. discovered C. found D. bought(14)A. country B. directions C. ways D. city(15)A. improved B. repaired C. protected D. used(16)A. where B. when C. what D. why(17)A. speak B. tell C. talk D. point(18)A. make B. prepare C. stop D. let(19)A. worst B. best C. most D. fast(20)A. However B. But C. And D. So二、完形填空（共20 小题；每题 1 分，满分 20 分 0）阅读下边短文，掌握其粗心，而后从(21)—(40)各题所给的四个选项A 、B、C 和 D中，选出最正确选项，并在答题纸大将该选项标号涂黑。

高考英语一轮总复习必修第一册提能训练：Unit 4 Natural DisastersⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·浙江1月高考题) On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letti ng the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weath er Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr. Doswell says. “Doe s cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。

natural disasters 高中英语全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：自然灾害是指由于自然原因而造成的突发性灾害事件，如地震、火山喷发、飓风、龙卷风、洪水、干旱等。

这些灾害往往带来毁灭性的影响，给人类的生命和财产安全带来严重威胁。

自然灾害是地球的一部分，人类需要与之共存，因此了解自然灾害并做好应对措施是至关重要的。

地震是一种常见的自然灾害。

地震是由地壳板块构造运动引起的地球内部能量释放而产生的地震波，会引起地面震动、地表沉陷、土石流等现象，造成巨大的破坏。

地震常发生在地震带，如太平洋火山带、喜马拉雅地震带等。

为了减少地震带来的伤害，我们可以通过建筑加固、地震避难演练等方式来预防和减少地震造成的伤害。

火山喷发是另一种常见的自然灾害。

火山是地壳中的熔岩通过火山口喷出，形成的地质现象。

火山喷发会释放出高温的熔岩、岩浆和火山灰等物质，对周围的生物和人类造成极大的危害。

火山喷发往往伴随着地震、烟尘、火山弹等现象，对周围环境造成污染和破坏。

为了减少火山喷发带来的危害，我们可以通过监测火山活动、规划疏散路线等方式来降低人员伤亡和财产损失。

飓风和龙卷风是造成重大破坏的极端天气现象。

飓风是海洋上的气旋风暴，具有强烈的对流旋风，风速可达每小时200公里以上，对沿海地区和海岸线造成严重影响。

龙卷风是强烈的环流气流和气旋风暴，通常伴随着旋转的漏斗云，具有短暂但强烈的破坏力。

为了减少飓风和龙卷风的影响，我们可以通过气象预警系统、加固建筑、房屋保险等方式来减少人员伤亡和财产损失。

洪水是由于降水过多或江河水位上涨而导致的大面积水灾事件。

洪水往往会造成河流溢出、农田被淹、城市停电等后果，对周围的生活和经济造成严重破坏。

为了减少洪水的危害，我们可以通过加强防洪堤坝建设、疏浚排水渠、定期清理下水道等方式来减少洪水灾害的发生和扩大。

干旱是由于长时间缺乏降水而导致的干旱现象，对农业、生态系统和人类生活造成严重危害。

干旱会造成农作物减产、土地荒漠化、水资源供应不足等影响，给社会和经济带来严重困扰。

natural disasters 高中英语全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：自然灾害是指由自然力量引起的灾害，如地震、飓风、台风、洪水、干旱等。

这些灾害在世界各地都时有发生，给人类社会带来了极大的损失和伤害。

本文将探讨自然灾害对人类和环境的影响，以及预防和减轻灾害的措施。

自然灾害对人类社会造成的危害不可忽视。

地震、飓风等灾害往往造成房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等严重后果。

2010年海地地震造成了数十万人死亡和大量建筑毁损，给当地社会带来了沉重的负担。

洪水、干旱等灾害也会导致农作物受损，给农业生产和粮食安全带来威胁。

自然灾害还会造成环境破坏，如土壤流失、水质污染等，对生态系统产生负面影响。

预防和减轻自然灾害的措施至关重要。

政府和社会应加强对自然灾害的监测和预警系统，提前发现并及时应对灾害。

加强基础设施建设、提高建筑抗灾能力也是减轻灾害影响的重要手段。

加强环境保护和生态恢复，减少人类活动对自然环境的破坏，也有助于减少自然灾害的发生。

自然灾害是人类社会面临的严重挑战，需要政府、社会和个人共同努力应对。

只有加强灾害预防、减轻灾害影响，才能保障人类社会的安全和稳定，实现可持续发展的目标。

希望未来能够借助科技和人类智慧，更好地应对自然灾害，实现社会和自然的和谐共生。

【结尾】第二篇示例：自然灾害是指由自然力量导致的灾害，如地震、飓风、火山喷发、洪水等。

这些灾害往往突如其来，给人们的生命、财产和生活造成毁灭性的影响。

在过去的几年中，自然灾害似乎变得越来越频繁和猛烈，造成了无数伤亡和财产损失。

我们有必要认真对待这些自然灾害，采取有效的措施来减少灾害的影响。

地震是自然界最具破坏性的灾害之一。

地震是由地球内部能量的释放引起的，可能导致建筑物的倒塌、土地的滑坡、道路的破裂等现象。

为了减少地震造成的损失，我们可以采取一些预防措施，如加固建筑物、规划城市区域、加强地质勘探等。

人们还可以通过地震预警系统来提前预警，并采取适当的措施来保护自己。

新人教版关于自然灾难的高考英语作文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Natural DisastersHey guys! Today we are going to talk about natural disasters. You know, natural disasters are really scary and can cause a lot of damage. There are many different types of natural disasters, like earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes.One of the scariest natural disasters is an earthquake. When an earthquake happens, the ground shakes and buildings can fall down. It's really important to know what to do during an earthquake, like hiding under a table or a desk to protect yourself.Floods are also very dangerous. When there is a lot of rain, rivers and lakes can overflow and cause flooding. It's important to stay away from flooded areas and never try to drive through water that is covering the road.Hurricanes and tornadoes are like giant storms with a lot of wind and rain. It's important to listen to the weather forecast andfollow any evacuation orders if a hurricane or tornado is coming your way.We need to be prepared for natural disasters by having an emergency kit with important things like food, water, and a flashlight. And we need to know what to do to stay safe during a natural disaster.So remember, be aware of natural disasters and be prepared. Stay safe, everyone!篇2Oh my goodness! Today, I want to talk about natural disasters. Natural disasters are like when bad things happen in nature, like earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and stuff like that.One time, I saw on the news that there was a big earthquake. It was so scary! The ground was shaking and buildings were falling down. People had to run outside to be safe. It made me think about how powerful nature is and how we need to be prepared for these kinds of things.Another natural disaster is a flood. When it rains a lot, the water can overflow and cover everything. It's really dangerousbecause the water can sweep people and things away. That's why it's important to have a plan in case of a flood and to stay safe.Hurricanes are also really dangerous. They have strong winds and heavy rain that can destroy buildings and cause a lot of damage. People need to evacuate and go to a safe place when a hurricane is coming. Safety is the most important thing!In conclusion, natural disasters are scary and dangerous. We need to be prepared and know what to do in case one happens. Stay safe, everyone!篇3Oh my goodness, have you heard about natural disasters? They're like super scary and can cause a lot of damage to people and the environment.First of all, let's talk about earthquakes. They happen when the ground shakes because of plates moving underneath the Earth's surface. Sometimes buildings can fall down and people can get hurt. It's really important to have earthquake drills at school so we know what to do if one happens.Next up, we have tsunamis. Tsunamis are giant waves that can be caused by earthquakes underwater. They can flood citiesand destroy everything in their path. That's why it's important to have early warning systems in place so people can evacuate to safety.And don't forget about hurricanes and tornadoes! Hurricanes are huge storms with strong winds and heavy rain, while tornadoes are spinning columns of air that can destroy everything in their path. It's important to have emergency kits ready in case we need to evacuate or stay safe during these disasters.In conclusion, natural disasters are no joke and we need to be prepared for them. It's important to have emergency plans in place and to listen to experts when they warn us about potential dangers. Stay safe everyone!篇4Oh no, natural disasters are so scary! ️ ️ ️Natural disasters are like really big and super powerful things that happen in nature. They can be like earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, or wildfires. When these things happen, they can cause a lot of damage and hurt people and animals. It's really sad ️One time, there was a big earthquake in my town and it was really scary. The ground was shaking and things were falling down. I was so scared but luckily my family was okay. We had to stay in a shelter for a while until everything was safe again.But there are also some things we can do to be prepared for natural disasters. We can make a plan with our family about what to do if a disaster happens. We can also have an emergency kit with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. And we can listen to the news and follow the advice of experts to stay safe.Natural disasters are really scary, but if we work together and stay prepared, we can do our best to stay safe and help others too. Let's take care of our planet and each other! ️ ️篇5Oh my goodness, have you heard about natural disasters? They are super scary! Let me tell you all about them!Natural disasters are like big, big, BIG emergencies that happen in nature. There are lots of different kinds, like earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods. They can be really dangerous and cause a lot of damage to people and the environment.When a natural disaster happens, it's so important for everyone to stay safe. Sometimes people have to evacuate their homes and go to shelters. It's really sad when homes get destroyed and people lose their belongings. That's why it's important to always be prepared for emergencies.We can't control when natural disasters happen, but we can try to be ready for them. We can have emergency kits with food, water, and supplies. We can also have a plan with our family on what to do if there's a disaster.It's also important to take care of our planet so that natural disasters don't happen as much. We can recycle, reduce waste, and take care of the environment. That way, we can help protect our homes and our friends from these big emergencies.So, let's all work together to stay safe and take care of our planet. Natural disasters may be scary, but if we are prepared and take care of the Earth, we can help prevent them from happening so often. Let's do our part to keep our world safe!篇6Hello everyone, today I'm going to talk about natural disasters. Natural disasters are things like earthquakes, floods,hurricanes, and tsunamis. They can be really scary and cause a lot of damage.One of the scariest natural disasters is earthquake. When the ground starts shaking, it can be really dangerous. Buildings can collapse and people can get hurt. That's why it's important to have an emergency plan in case of an earthquake. You should know where to go and what to do to stay safe.Another scary natural disaster is flood. When there is too much rain, the water can flood streets and houses. This can be really dangerous too, because the water can carry away cars and people. It's important to listen to the news and evacuate to a safe place if there is a flood warning.Hurricanes are also really scary. They are big storms with strong winds and lots of rain. Hurricanes can destroy houses and cause a lot of damage. It's important to prepare for a hurricane by stocking up on food and water and boarding up windows.Tsunamis are giant waves that are caused by underwater earthquakes. They can be really devastating, especially for people who live near the coast. If there is a tsunami warning, it's important to evacuate to higher ground as quickly as possible.In conclusion, natural disasters are really scary and can cause a lot of damage. It's important to be prepared and have a plan in case of an emergency. Stay safe everyone!篇7Once upon a time, there was a big earthquake in a place called Schoolville. It was so scary! I was in my classroom, working on my math problems, when suddenly everything started shaking. My pencils fell off my desk, my chair moved by itself, and I could hear screams from my friends.I didn't know what to do! I remembered my teacher telling us about what to do in an earthquake, so I quickly got under my desk and covered my head with my hands. It was really loud and the ground kept shaking, but I stayed calm and waited for it to stop.After a few minutes, the shaking finally stopped. Everyone in my class was okay, but some things in the classroom were broken. The windows were cracked, some books fell off the shelves, and the whiteboard fell down. It was a big mess!The principal announced that we had to go to the playground because it was safer outside. We all held hands and walked carefully to the playground. I saw some cracks on thewalls of the school building and felt really scared. I was worried about my family and my home.The teachers told us that earthquakes are natural disasters caused by the movement of the earth's plates. They said that we should always be prepared and know what to do in case of an earthquake. I learned that it's important to stay calm, find a safe place, and listen to the adults.I hope there won't be another earthquake in Schoolville, but if there is, I know that I can stay safe and help my friends too. Nature is powerful and unpredictable, but we can be ready to face any challenge that comes our way.篇8Title: The Great Power of NatureHey everyone! Today I want to talk about natural disasters. They are super scary and powerful, but we can learn a lot from them! There are different kinds of natural disasters like earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, and tornadoes. These disasters can happen anytime and anywhere, so we need to be prepared.When a natural disaster strikes, it can cause a lot of damage to the environment and to people’s homes. It can be really dangerous and sometimes e ven deadly. But we can’t control nature, so it’s important to know how to stay safe during a natural disaster.One way to stay safe is to have an emergency kit with things like food, water, flashlights, and a first aid kit. We should also have a plan with our family on what to do if a natural disaster happens. We can practice drills so we know what to do in an emergency.Even though natural disasters can be scary, they also show us how powerful and amazing nature is. We should respect nature and take care of the environment so we can all live safely. Remember, we can’t control nature, but we can control how we prepare for natural disasters. Stay safe everyone!That’s all for today, thanks for listening! Bye bye!篇9Oh my goodness, I can't believe I have to write an essay about natural disasters for my high school English exam. But here goes nothing!Natural disasters are like, super scary stuff that can happen in nature, like earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and stuff like that. They can be really dangerous and can cause a lot of damage to people and their homes.One of the scariest natural disasters is an earthquake. It's when the ground shakes and everything starts to move around. Buildings can collapse and people can get hurt. It's really important to be prepared for an earthquake by having a plan in place and knowing what to do when one happens.Another super scary natural disaster is a hurricane. It's like a big, windy storm that can cause a lot of damage. People have to evacuate their homes and go to safer places when a hurricane is coming. It's really important to listen to the weather reports and follow any instructions given by the authorities.Floods are also a really dangerous natural disaster. They can happen when there's a lot of rain or when a river overflows its banks. Flood waters can destroy homes and buildings, and people can get caught in the water and drown. It's really important to stay safe and not try to drive or walk through flood waters.So yeah, natural disasters are really scary and can cause a lot of damage. It's important to be prepared and know what to do when one happens. Stay safe, everyone!篇10Oh, hi everyone! Today, I want to talk about natural disasters. It's like those big, scary things that can happen in nature, like earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, and stuff like that. They can be super dangerous and cause a lot of damage and harm to people and the environment.I think it's important to learn about natural disasters so we can be prepared and stay safe if one happens. We can learn about them in school, watch videos about them, or read books and articles. It's also important to listen to alerts and warnings from the government or meteorologists, so we know what to do in case of an emergency.When a natural disaster strikes, it can be really scary and overwhelming. But we can try to stay calm and follow safety procedures, like finding a safe place to hide during an earthquake or evacuating to higher ground during a tsunami. It's also important to have an emergency kit with food, water, and other essentials ready just in case.We can also help others who have been affected by natural disasters by donating money, supplies, or volunteering to help clean up and rebuild. We can show kindness and support to those in need, and together, we can overcome any challenges that come our way.So let's all learn more about natural disasters and how to stay safe, and remember to always be prepared and help others in times of need. Stay safe, everyone!。

人教版必修1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters （主题：自然灾害）阅读与写作【单元主题工自然灾害Today, scientists worldwide are studying plants and animals to build a better class of robots. Many of the robots may help with future rescue. And while some of these nature-inspired robots are in the lab, at least one type of these robots has been tested during a big natural disaster.Months ago, a big earthquake shook central Mexico. The quake resulted in hundreds of deaths and destroyed thousands of buildings. Before long, volunteers asked scientists from a lab at the Carnegie Mellon University to bring their snake robots to Mexico City to aid in the rescue efforts.Soon, scientist Matthew Travers, one director of this lab, and other scientists reached Mexico City and traveled between the city's fallen-down buildings. They used the cameras on the heads of the snake robots to look into a building/s open spaces and check if people were trapped inside.In the past years, scientists at the Carnegie Mellon University have worked to develop snake robots. By changing the designs of the robots made before, they created a “unified snake robot” , which could move through different types of terrain （地形）.But Travers and his teammate Howie Closet said that the snake robots had somewhat limited success in the Mexico City earthquake. zz lt wasn't like what we had thought: we brought the snake robots down there and we won the war/'says Travers.The big reason was that the robots were not equipped with any microphones,speakers, or proximity sensors （接近感应器）,Such kinds of modern equipment would have greatly improved the snake robots' ability to communicate with people who were trapped or to map the environment/The reason why wedon/t have more equipment is only because of money,''says Choset.Research on snake robots continues to move on. But Choset says it remains a challenge to get money to develop search-and-rescue robots.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Unit 4 Natural DisastersⅠ．词块记单词1．the rescue workers 救援人员2．damage the buildings 损坏建筑物3．2，400 homes destroyed 2 400所房屋被毁4．no deaths, no injuries 没有人员伤亡5．shelters set up by the government 政府搭建的避难所6．useless pieces of metal 无用的金属块7．bury the dead 掩埋死者8．the tireless efforts of the city's people 全市人民的不懈努力9．the wisdom to stay positive 保持乐观的智慧10．provide the supplies 提供物资11．stay calm 保持冷静12．crash into coastlines 袭击海岸线13．huge waves 巨大的海浪14．strike a match 划火柴15．deliver food and supplies 运送食物和物资Ⅱ．语境记单词1．He was shocked at the shocking news, for I could see his shocked look on his face．(shock)2．You must learn to breathe regularly．Otherwise, you will feel out of breath after such a long run．(breath)3．Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of survival．Last week, thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in surviving the terrible flood and they were the only two survivors．(survive)4．After he came to power, everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can't save his daughter．(power)5．The road has a total length of two miles only, so the workers decide to lengthen it．(long)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．Her life has not come to an end (结束), and she also doesn't know what is waiting for her ahead．2．Although it was Sunday yesterday, Lily got up early as usual (和往常一样)．3．Always have your dictionary on hand (在手头) when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it．4．We haven't cleaned the house for a few days, because we don't want to sweep away (彻底消除) good luck．5．It was reported that an American couple had dug out (挖出) a lot of gold coins from their own yard．6．The city lay in ruins (成为废墟) after the earthquake．Now, rows of houses are being built．7．Suddenly, a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse．Seeing this, I was in shock (震惊)．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这块沉重的石头。

高中英语小作文新闻报道自然灾害全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Natural disasters often strike unexpectedly, leaving a trail of destruction in their wake. From hurricanes and tornadoes to earthquakes and wildfires, these events can have devastating effects on communities and the environment. Recently, a powerful earthquake struck a small town in California, causing widespread damage and leaving many residents homeless.The earthquake, which registered a magnitude of 7.0 on the Richter scale, hit the town of Ridgecrest in the early hours of the morning. Buildings were toppled, roads were cracked, and power lines were downed, leaving the town in chaos. The local hospital was overwhelmed with injured residents, and emergency services were stretched to their limits trying to cope with the aftermath of the disaster.Local residents described a scene of chaos and panic as the earthquake struck. "I was asleep in bed when the shaking started," said one resident. "I thought my house was going to collapse on top of me." Another resident recounted how theyhad to flee their home as it crumbled around them. "It was terrifying," they said. "I've never experienced anything like it in my life."In the days following the earthquake, rescue teams worked tirelessly to search for survivors and assess the damage. Many residents were left without power or water, and food supplies were running low. The community came together to support each other, with makeshift shelters set up in local schools and churches to provide a safe haven for those left homeless by the disaster.As the cleanup operation got underway, experts warned that the town could be at risk of further aftershocks. Residents were advised to stay vigilant and be prepared to evacuate at short notice. The long-term impact of the earthquake on the town's infrastructure and economy is yet to be fully assessed, but it is clear that the road to recovery will be a long and challenging one.Natural disasters are a stark reminder of the fragility of our existence and the power of Mother Nature. In the face of such adversity, communities often come together to support each other and rebuild in the aftermath of destruction. The residentsof Ridgecrest are no exception, and their resilience and strength in the face of disaster serve as an inspiration to us all.篇2Title: Natural Disasters in the NewsNatural disasters have been making headlines around the world, bringing devastation and loss to many communities. In recent weeks, various regions have been hit by a series of catastrophic events, including hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires. These disasters have left thousands without homes, resources, and in some cases, even loved ones.One of the most significant natural disasters that has dominated the headlines is Hurricane Dorian. The Category 5 storm made landfall in the Bahamas, leaving a trail of destruction in its wake. Entire communities were flattened, and the death toll continues to rise as rescue and recovery efforts continue. The images coming out of the Bahamas are truly heart-wrenching, with buildings reduced to rubble and residents in desperate need of aid.In addition to hurricanes, earthquakes have also rocked several regions in recent weeks. The recent earthquake in Indonesia, for example, caused widespread damage and forcedthousands to flee their homes in fear of aftershocks. The devastation caused by earthquakes is particularly difficult to comprehend, as entire cities can be reduced to ruins in a matter of minutes.Furthermore, wildfires have been consuming vast swaths of land in places like California and Australia. The fires have destroyed homes, businesses, and wildlife habitats, leaving many without their livelihoods and creating a major environmental crisis. The ongoing fires have forced thousands to evacuate, and firefighters are working tirelessly to contain the blaze and prevent further damage.These natural disasters serve as a reminder of the unpredictable and destructive power of nature. They also highlight the importance of preparedness, resilience, and global cooperation in responding to such crises. Governments, humanitarian organizations, and individuals must work together to provide aid, support, and resources to those affected by these disasters.In conclusion, natural disasters continue to wreak havoc around the world, leaving devastation, loss, and suffering in their wake. The recent hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires are a stark reminder of the fragility of life and the need for unity in theface of adversity. As communities strive to rebuild and recover from these disasters, it is essential that we come together to offer support, assistance, and hope for a brighter future.篇3Natural disasters have always been a threat to human life and property. Recently, a series of natural disasters have struck different parts of the world, causing mass destruction and loss of life. From earthquakes to hurricanes, these disasters serve as a reminder of the power of nature and the need for preparedness.In the past month, a devastating earthquake hit Nepal, causing thousands of casualties and leaving many more homeless. The earthquake, with a magnitude of 7.8, struck on April 25th, 2015, and was followed by numerous aftershocks, further complicating rescue efforts. The death toll is estimated to be over 8,000, with thousands more injured and missing. The government of Nepal has declared a state of emergency and has appealed for international assistance to deal with the crisis.Meanwhile, in the United States, a powerful hurricane named Hurricane Sandy has swept through the East Coast, causing widespread damage and flooding. The hurricane, with wind speeds of up to 115 mph, made landfall on October 29th,2012, affecting states from North Carolina to Maine. The storm surge, combined with heavy rainfall, led to severe flooding in many coastal cities, causing billions of dollars in damages and claiming dozens of lives.In both cases, the response to the disasters has been a combination of local, national, and international efforts. Search and rescue teams have been deployed to locate survivors and provide aid, while humanitarian organizations have worked to provide food, shelter, and medical care to those affected. Governments have mobilized resources to restore infrastructure and utilities, while scientists and engineers have assessed the damage and developed plans for rebuilding.As the frequency and intensity of natural disasters continue to rise, it is clear that more needs to be done to mitigate their impact. Early warning systems, evacuation plans, and building codes can all help to reduce the risk of future disasters. International cooperation and solidarity are also essential in addressing the global nature of many natural disasters.In conclusion, natural disasters are a sobering reminder of the fragility of human life and the power of nature. While we cannot prevent these disasters, we can work together to reduce their impact and increase our resilience. By learning from pastdisasters and preparing for future ones, we can build a safer and more resilient world for ourselves and future generations.。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．tornado n．(pl.-oes or-os)龙卷风；旋风2．drought n．旱灾；久旱3．landslide n．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡4．tsunami n．海啸5．volcanic eruption火山喷发6．magnitude n．(地)震级；重大7．evacuate v t.疏散；撤出v i.撤离8．helicopter n．直升机9．crack n．裂纹；裂缝v i.&v t.(使)破裂10．brick n．砖；砖块11．metal n．金属12．revive v t.&v i.复活；(使)苏醒13．revival n．振兴；复苏14．unify v i.&v t.统一；(使)成一体15．volcano n．(pl.-oes or-os)火山16．erupt v i.&v t.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出17．typhoon n．台风18．hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风19．whistle v i.吹口哨；发出笛声v t.吹口哨n．哨子(声)；呼啸声20．kit n．成套工具；成套设备21．first aid kit急救箱Ⅱ.记重点单词1．disaster n．灾难；灾害2．slide v i.&v t.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动3．flood n．洪水；大量v i.淹没；大量涌入v t.使灌满水；淹没4．rescue n．&v t.营救；救援5．damage v t.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失6．destroy v t.摧毁；毁灭7．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护v t.保护；掩蔽v i.躲避(风雨或危险)8．ruin n．&v t.破坏；毁坏9．percent n．百分之……adj.&ad v.每一百中10．trap v t.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱11．bury v t.埋葬；安葬12．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力13．context n．上下文；语境；背景14．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品v t.供应；供给15．tap v i.&v t.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲16．pipe n．管子；管道17．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的v t.使平静；使镇静18．aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资v i.&v t.(formal)帮助；援助19．crash v t.&v i.碰撞；撞击n．撞车；碰撞20．sweep v t.&v i.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫21．wave n．海浪；波浪v i.&v t.挥手；招手22．strike v i.&v t.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n．罢工；罢课；袭击Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡2．affect v t.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n．效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克v t.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的4．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的5．breathe v i.&v t.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的7．suffer v t.遭受；蒙受v i.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．受难；苦楚→sufferer n．受苦者；受难者8．survive v i.生存；存活v t.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生还→survivor n．幸存者；生还者9．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj.强大的；强壮的→powerless adj.无力的10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge v i.浮现；出现11．deliver v t.&v i.递送；传达v t.发表→delivery n．投递；送交12．summary n．总结；概括；概要→summariz(s)e v t.&v i.总结；概括13．length n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长1．ambulance n．救护车2．ancient adj.古代的3．anniversary n．周年纪念日4．annual adj.每年的5．antique n．古董，古玩6．apartment n．公寓7．apparent adj.表面上的；明显的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．as if似乎；好像；仿佛2．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪3．in shock震惊；吃惊4．in the open air露天；在户外5．on hand现有(尤指帮助)6．sweep away消灭；彻底消除7．refuse to do sth拒绝做某事8．the number of...……的数量9．as usual像往常一样10．come to an end告终；结束Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.(too...to...)鸡甚至猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。

Unit 4 Earthquake〔一〕惨痛的记忆：中国历史上的大地震1556: Shaanxi, China明代陕西大地震The deadliest quake of all time might be one of the least talked about, considering it occurred nearly 450 years ago. The 1556 quake claimed the lives of some 830,000 people. Why the massive death toll? Blame the quake's strength (8.0 on the Richter scale, or more than 30 times more powerful than the recent quake in Haiti) as well as timing and location. The pre-modernstructures were utterly unable to withstand a quake ofsuch force, and massive landslides contributed to thecasualties.历史上最可怕的地震也许是最少被谈与的一场地震,因为它发生在450年之前。

这场地震导致83万人死亡。

为何死亡人数如此巨大？原因在于震级〔里氏8.0级,比刚发生的海地地震强30倍〕,还有时间和地点。

古代的房屋建筑完全不能抵挡这样的大地震,大面积的山体滑坡也导致不少人遇难。

1976: Tangshan, China唐山大地震China has the misfortune to have had the second deadliest earthquake on record, the 1976 Great Tangshan Earthquake, which struck in the country's northeast. It'dbe more accurate to call this a binaryquake: anaftershock that struck 16 hours after theinitial temblor measured an identical 7.8 on theRichter scale and was equally destructive.继陕西地震之后,中国又发生了第二大强度的地震,1976年唐山大地震,确切来说是两次大地震：地震后16小时,里氏7.8级的余震又造成了巨大损失。

话题4 自然灾害〔Unit 4 Earthquakes〕晨读背诵根底知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标与词义写出英文单词。

1. event [ɪˈvent]n. 事件；大事2. dirt [dɜːt]n. 污垢；泥土→dirty [dɜːt ɪ]adj. 脏的3. burst [bɜːst]vi. 爆裂；爆发；n. 突然破裂；爆发4. ruin [ˈruːɪn]n. 废墟；消灭；vt.〔使〕破产；消灭5. injure [ˈɪndʒə(r)]vt.& vi. 损害；伤害→injured[ˈɪndʒəd]adj. 受伤的→injury [ˈɪndʒərɪ]n. 伤口6. useless [ˈjuːslɪs] adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的7. destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ]vt.破坏；毁坏→destruction [dɪˈstrʌkʃn]n. 破坏8. electricity [ɪˏlekˈtrɪsətɪ]n. 电；电流；电学→electric [ɪˈlektrɪk]adj. 用电的；带电的→electrical [ɪˈlektrɪkl]adj.与电有关的9. rescue [ˈreskjuː]vt.& n. 援救；营救10. disaster [dɪˈzɑːstə(r)]n.灾难；灾祸11. shock [ʃɑk]vt.& vi. 〔使〕震惊；振动n. 休克；打击；震惊12. bury [ˈberɪ]vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏13. mine [maɪn]n. 矿；矿山；矿井→miner[ˈmaɪnə(r)] n. 矿工14. frighten [ˈfraɪt(ə)n] vt. 使惊吓；吓唬→frightened[ˈfraɪt(ə)nd] adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening [ˈfraɪtnɪŋ] adj. 令人恐惧的15. judge [dʒʌdʒ] n. 裁判员；法官vt. 判定；判断；判决16. sincerely [sɪnˈsɪəlɪ]adv. 真诚地；真挚地→sincere [sɪnˈsɪə]adj. 真诚的；真挚的(B)单词活用用所给词的正确形式填空。