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Unit 10T ask3Listening: Y ou will now hear the answers to the puzzles above. Listen to the recording and write down the answers as well as the strategies for solving these problems. Did you solve the puzzle in the same way?Number 1Woman: Hey …uh…let’s l ook at the secret message.Man:Uh…What do you think it means? Any ideas?Woman:Well…uh…it looks as if each numbers stands for a different letter.Man:Y eah, you know, I think you’re right. Twenty-three is W and…5 is E.Woman: Hmm. Let’s see…Ah…oh, boy…ah…oh, and E is the fifth letter of the alphabet. Man:Mm-hmm. So…so the first word is we. Well, that makes sense.Woman: Y eah, so then 1 is A…Man:And 2 is B, 3 is C…Woman:and…yeah, right, so on, up to 26, which Z.Man:All right, well, let’s…let’s write down all the numbers, and…and then we’ll assign a letter to each one. Then we can, you know, replace all of the…Woman:…ah, so…wow-the answer is:’’We hope you enjoy using this book. ‘’Numbers 2Woman: …OK…ah, well, let’s look at these three sequ ences. What do you think?Man:I…think I know the answer. The next two numbers in the first sequence are 31 and 30. Woman: Wait a minute. How did you figure that out?Man:I’ll give you a hint. Think…of the months of the year.Woman: What? Months of the year?Man:Look, look, look, look. January has 31 days.Woman: Right.Man: February usually has 28 days, and then…Woman: Oh, Ok, I get it. March has 31 days, and April has 30 days, (Exactly.) so the last two numbers stand for May and June-31 and 30.Man that’s right.Woman: All right, but then about the next one?Man:Well…the next two letters in the second sequence are…uh…Woman: HmmMan: Hmm. Oh, I know—E and At..Woman: E and At? Why is that?Man:The key to this puzzle…is numbers.Woman:I’m stil l confused. What do you mean numbers?Man:O, 27, 77, F, F, --one, two, three, four, five.Woman: Oh! Ok, I get it. Each letter is the first letter of a number when it’s spelled out. OK. So 0 stands for two, T stands for three…Man: And so on. Then eight begins with the letter E…and nine begins with N.Woman: That’s it!Man:OK, now let’s look at the third sequence.Woman:I know it. It’s …um…Man: No, don’t…don’t tell me. I can figure it out. Are the next two letters…um…T and R? Woman: Y es. Why?Man: Well, January ends with the letter Y February ends with a Y, March ends with H, April with L, May with Y…Woman:And June with E, July with Y…Man: And August ends with T, and September with R.Woman: Y ou know what? Those are kind of fun, actually. They a ren’t so hard when you work together.T ask 4Listening: Y ou will hear four conversations. Some people are talking about the problems they face at the present time. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below what you hear. Just note down the key information.Number 1Lee:Hi, Jane. How are you?Jane:Fine, Lee.No, I’m not fine. I don’t know what to do.Lee: What’s the matter? Do you want to talk about it? I hope it’s not a problem with Allen. Jane:Well, yes and no. Our wedding is planned for next month.Lee: Y es, I know. Allen is such a nice person.Jane:Y es, he is. He’s very good to me. He owns two sporting goods stores. He makes quite a lot of money, and he’s generous with it.Lee:But…?Jane:Do you remember my first boyfriend, Stan? He moved to Africa to teach school?Lee:Y es, I remember him. He wanted you to marry him and go to Africa too.Jane:Y es, but I didn’t want to leave my family. Well, Stan is back from Africa, and he still wants to marry me.Lee:Do you want to marry him?Jane:I don’t know. I still love him. I’ve never forgotten him. But everything is arranged for the wedding with Allen.Lee:But it would be wrong to marry Allen if you don’t love him.Jane:It’s not that I don’t love him. It’s just…I don’t know. But there’s something else. My mother just lost her job, and my father can’t work because of his accident. Allen will help my family. Stan has no money. I love Stan, but Allen and I have already planned a wedding and a life together. I just don’t know what to d o.Number 2Clare:What’s the matter, Jim? Y ou look like you haven’t slept in a week.Jim: Oh, Clare. It’s Frank.Clare: Frank? He’s one of your best friends, isn’t he?Jim:Y ear, we’ve been friends since we were eight years old.Clare:So what’s wro ng?Jim:Well. Y ou know his uncle died. The funeral is the day of the final exam in economics, so he’s going to take the exam three days after the rest of the class.Clare:And…?Jim: He wants me to copy the questions and give them to him.Clare: That’s cheating.Jim:I know. But economics is hard for him. He hasn’t done very well this semester. And he’s been my best friend for ten years.Clare:But a really good friend wouldn’t ask someone to do a favor like that. Doesn’t the teacher know you two are best friends?Jim: Y es, she does. If Frank does really well, she’ll know it was me who told him about the test. Clare:And you might get into trouble.Jim: I guess so, but it’s not only that. She’s my best teacher. I respect her-and I don’t want to lose her respect.Clare: Y ou’ll probably need a recommendation from her too.Jim: That’s right. But when your best friend asks you for a favor, what can you do? Especially since he’s going to a funeral and all.Number 3T om: Hey, George! Congratulations! I heard about your good news.George: Thanks, Tom. Y ear, what luck, huh? I still can’t believe it.T om:How much did you win?George: Ten thousand dollars.T om:Boy, that’s great! What are you going to do with the money?George:Y ou know, we’re not sure. Our daughter, Emily, will be ready to go to college next year. She’s very smart. We’re very proud of her. She was accepted at one of the best universities in the country. She’d be the first in our family to go to college. But the cost is very high-more than $10,000 a year. We had planned to use the money for that.T om: That sounds like a good use for your lottery money to me.George:Well, it’s more difficult than that. Y ou see, my mother just got some bad news. Her house needs some major repairs-new electrical wiring and plumbing, and the roof is a mess! It’s going to cost a lot.T om: Can’t she just move?George:She’s lived in that house for oven fifty years, Tom. And now Dad gone, it’s all she has. She really doesn’t want to move. She doesn’t have the money for the repairs; to she needs to borrow it from me. The problem is we can’t afford to send Emily to collage and help Mom at the same time.T om:Boy, that’s a hard decision to make. Y our daughter’s young and has her whole life before her. If she can go to a good university, she’ll probably do very well in life. But your mother has always helped you.George: Y ear, this is tough. She’s my mother. How can I say no? At the same time, my daughter’s future…?T om: That is hard, really hard.Number 4Larry: Hey, Marta. How are you doing? How’s the job search going?Marta:It’s going well, too well,in fact! I’ve had two job offers, and I don’t know which one to take.Larry: which one do you want?Marta: Well, there are parts of both of them that I’m not sur e I like. One of the jobs is being a sales representative for a computer company. I would travel between two and three weeks each month, mostly in Europe and Asia.Larry:That sounds really exciting. I’d like that.Marta: Y ear, I would too. I love the idea of travelling. But my salary would depend completely on sales. So if I don’t sell anything, I don’t get paid.Larry:Ouch! That’s tough.Marta:On the other hand, if I’m successful, I would be in a very small office-only two other people. There would be no outside travel.Larry: So it would probably be kind of dull.Marta: Maybe. But it would be safe. The salary is pretty good-not great, but enough to live on. I wouldn’t be able to travel, but I’d know that I’d always have a paycheck.Larry: Hmm…sounds li ke a tough choice to me.Task 7Listening: Below is a list of questions about stress. You will bear an expert giving answers to these questions. Listen to the recording and briefly note down the expert’s answers to these questions.Interviewer: Too much work to do? Working long hours? Taking work home? Too busy to take the weekend off? No holidays? Nonsocial life? Stressed out? Of course you are! Well, today on the health Programmer we have a guest who may have some interesting advice. Dr. Squire, author of Wow to Beat Stress. Welcome, Dr. Squire.Dr. Squire: Hello.Interviewer: Obviously lots of people feel stressed, but what exactly causes stress?Dr. Squire:Well, you need to realize that there are two kinds of stress—good stress and bad stress. Good stress comes from situations where you feel in control. These situations are a challenge. Bad stress comes from situations where you feel out of control, and that could be when the washing machine breaks down, or when you go shopping and the supermarket is very crowded.Interviewer: How do I know if I’m suffering from stress?Dr. Squire: Well, there are many symptoms of stress, such as headaches, tiredness, or backache. If you get angry easily, then you’re probably suffering from stress.Interviewer: And so what can we do once we’ve identified that we suffer from stress?Dr. Squire: Stress is like smoking—if you really want to stop, you can. By changing the way you think and the way you behave, you can reduce the amount of stress that you feel. You don’t need to see a doctor, you don’t need tranquilizers, and you don’t need sleeping pills!Interviewer: Now in your book, you identify some exercises that people can do if they’re feeling stressed. Tell us about some of these.Dr. Squire: Well, exercise is one of the best things you can do for stress. How much exercise do you take? Not running or going to the gym, but ordinary, everyday exercise. Probably not much. Most people drive to work, take the lift to their office, and sit there all day. Try running up the stairs, and take a ten-minute walk at lunchtime. Some people find that doing very physical sports helps them to relax—it makes them fell energized and happy. It’s very important to take breaks during the day and do the things that you want—even if it’s just having lunch with a friend. I think it’s also important to have fun…spend a minute making a list of all the things that you enjoy doing, like reading a book or going to the cinema, and make sure that you do these things regularly.Interviewer: You also suggest some more unusual things, don’t you?Dr. Squire: Well, perhaps they might seem unusual because they’re so obvious. Slow down your eating, for example. Put your knife and fork down between bites, and count to 20 while you chew your food. It’ll give you time to talk and relax. If you slow down your eating, you’ll find that you slow down in other areas of life. You should avoid too much coffee and too much alcohol—and you should eat healthy foods like vegetables, salads, and fruit—but more importantly you should enjoy eating. And finally try to spend a day without your watch. Make an effort to forget about time.Interviewer: Dr. Squire, that’s all we’ve got time for. Thanks for joining us. Coming up after the break it’s…Task 8Listening: Y ou will bear a woman talking about her annoying co-worker. What are the problems of this co-worker? Listen to the recording and note down the six points the woman makes about her mate.a. I share an office with a woman who’s forever talking to her boyfriend on the phone, blowing kisses and saying intimate things that I don’t want to listen to. It really gets on my nerves!b. She will insist on opening all the windows when she arrives in the morning, and then she complains it’s freezing and puts the heating on full blast. The office is either freezing or boiling!c. She’s always leaving half finished cups of coffee around the desk—then I knock them over and it’s my fault!d. She will go on talking about her personal problems. Honestly, you’d think I was her therapist or something—I should charge her for my time!e. She’s always telling me what to do, which I resent. I mean, I was working here when she was still at school!f. I’ve told her hundreds of times to get her own pencil sharpener and scissors, but she will keep using mine and not putting them back in their place. So when I need them I can never find them!Task 9Listening: Y ou will bear some points about an issue. There are six paragraphs. Listen to the recording. After each pause, write down the main point the speaker makes.And here’s another reason we need your vote for governor. Gun control is one of the most important issues we face today. In the next four years, it is absolutely essential that we find a solution to the problem of gun violence in our streets!With have heard that you are worried about violence at school, violence at home, andviolence in the workplace. The number of deaths caused by guns has skyrocketed in the last four years, and the current governor doesn’t even seem to notice. Something must be done now!Many people will tell you that the vest way to solve the problem of gun violence in our society is to take away all guns from all citizens .I however, what these people don’t realize is that guns don’t kill people, people kill people! What we need to do is make sure that people who use guns to hurt others are put to jail for along, long time. Then, our streets will be safe!Now, hear me out. My husband does not believe that putting people in jail is the only solution to this problem. Did I mention that he is very much in favor of putting special safety locks on guns so that children cannot use them? He also, of course, believes that anyone who has committed a crime in the past should not be allowed to even own a gun.However, we do not want to take away guns from people who use them responsibly. People have a right to defend their homes from criminals! People have a right to go hunting! People have a right to enjoy gun sports。
Unit 10 Text A美国医疗保健体系美国是地球上最大、最具多样性的国家，我们的医疗体系反映了这一点。
每年我们在健康保健上支付了近2万亿美元，这一数字几乎是我们国民经济的七分之一。
尽管如此，我们仍是世界上为数不多并非所有公民都享受医保的国家之一。
对许多美国人来说，健康保险最常见的是与工作绑定的福利，或是来自政府的项目，如联邦医疗保险和联邦医疗补助等。
具有讽刺意味的是，尽管美国是世界上人均在健康保健方面投入最多的国家，尽管美国拥有世界上技术最先进的医疗体系，美国却不是世界上最健康的国家。
当然，这并不能完全归咎于医疗体制。
我们的健康保健成效甚微是由公共卫生和社会问题造成的。
纵观美国社会，我们比其他国家的人相比身体更胖、承受的压力更大、生活里更缺少运动；我们的医疗体系不得不应对根源于美国人核心生活方式的公共卫生和文化问题。
也许我们早该选择欧洲模式：多假期，少聚财，但我们没有。
于是我们的生活就出现了一些问题。
但让我把这些先放在一边，回到真正的健康保健问题，即：美国的医疗保健专业人士知道如何让我们保持健康，但因为医疗体系的羁绊，他们经常不能为病人所需的关怀。
美国的医疗体系支离破碎，制度复杂（州有州规，市有市政，各自为政），私人和公共官僚机构沆瀣一气，决定着病人可以得到的治疗。
美国医生必须是天才才能了解在治疗和照顾每个病人时所要遵守的规则，不然会受到保险公司或其他机构的质疑。
但是，相对于其他国家的人民，美国人对这种支离破碎的体制更加心安理得。
纵观整个国家，我们对任何“单一”的东西持怀疑的态度：单一的健康保险支付体系即为一例。
我们国家急需找到一个让所有人都享受医保的方法，钱是症结之一。
这很简单：如果政府有足够的钱，我们就可以补贴那些没有医保的群体，让他们享受医保。
如果我们没有足够的钱，这就办不到。
目前，一个四口之家平均需要花费12,000美元来购买医疗保险。
如果要使购买医疗保险的费用变得合情合理，所需的收入要远远高于美国家庭的平均工资。
The role of the academy in times of crisis1.Today the academy holds a highly privileged place in American society because of along-standing national consensus about the value of education. One of my predecessors, President Harold Dodds, said in his inaugural address in 1933 that “No country spends money for education, public or private, so lavishly as does the Unites States. Americans have an almost childlike faith in what formal education can do for them.” That faith is base on a conviction that the vitality of the United States, its creative and diverse cultural life, its staggeringly inventive economy, its national security and the robustness of its democratic institutions owe much to the quality of institutions of higher education.2.Our society’s confidence in its institutions of higher education is expressed through thegenerous investments of the federal and state governments in basic and applied research, investments that wisely couple support for research with support for graduate education. It is also expressed through federal and state investments that subsidize the cost of higher education for those who cannot afford to pay, investments by private foundations and charities who see colleges and universities as the best routes for achieving their strategic goals, and investments by individuals and by the private sector, who see universities as the incubators of future health and prosperity. In return for this broad support, society rightfully expects certain things from us. It expects the generation of new ideas and the discovery of new knowledge, the exploration of complex issues in an open and collegial manner and the preparation of the next generation of citizens and leaders. In times of trouble, it is especially important that we live up to these expectations.3.The medieval image of the university as an ivory tower, with scholars turned inward insolitary contemplation, immunized from the cares of the day, is an image that has been superseded by the modern university constructed not of ivory, but of a highly porous material, one that allows free diffusion in both directions. The academy is of the world, not apart from it. Its ideals, crafted over many generations, are meant to suffuse the national consciousness. Its scholars and teachers are meant to move in and out of the academy in pursuit of opportunities to use their expertise in public service, in pursuit of creative work that will give us illumination and insight and in pursuit of ways to turn laboratory discoveries into useful things. Our students engage the world with a strong sense of civic responsibility, and when they graduate they become alumni who do the same. This is as it should be.4.The search for new ideas and knowledge is not and cannot be motivated by utilitarianconcerns. Rather it depends on the ability to think in new and creative ways. When the Nobel laureate John Nash developed the mathematical concepts underlying non-cooperative game theory as a graduate student at Princeton, he could not foresee that those concepts would be used today to analyze election strategies and the causes of war and to make predictions about how people will act. When Professor of Molecular Biology Eric Wieschaus set out as a young scientist to identify genes that pattern the body plan of the fruit fly embryo, he could not know that he would identify genes that play a central role in the development of human cancer. We have learned that we cannot predict with any accuracy how discoveries andscholarship will influence future generations. We also have learned that it is unwise to search only in predictable places, for new knowledge often depends upon preparing fertile ground in obscure places where serendipity and good luck, as well as deep intelligence, can sprout.Freedom of inquiry, which is one of our most cherished organizing principles, is not just a moral imperative, it is a practical necessity.5.Just as we have an obligation to search widely for knowledge, so we also have an obligationto insure that the scholarly work of the academy is widely disseminated, so that others can correct it when necessary, or built on it, or use it to make better decisions, develop better products or construct better plans. In the days ahead, I hope that our country’s decision-makers will draw on the knowledge that resides on our campuses, on historians who can inform the present through deep understanding of the past, philosophers who can provide frameworks for working through issues of right and wrong, economists whose insights can help to get the economy back on track, engineers who know how to build safer buildings, scientists who can analyze our vulnerabilities to future attack and develop strategies for reducing those vulnerabilities, and scholars in many fields who can help us understand the motivations of those who would commit acts of terrorism here and throughout the world.6.Let me now turn to the third obligation that we have to society: the education of the nextgeneration of citizens and leaders. Princeton’s view of what constitutes a liberal arts education was expressed well by Woodrow Wilson, our 13th President, whose eloquent wordsI read at Opening Exercises:“What we should seek to impart in our colleges, is not so much learning itself asthe spirit of learning. It consists in the power to distinguish good reasoning frombad, in the power to digest and interpret evidence, in the habit of catholicobservation and a preference for the non-partisan point of view, in anaddiction to clear and logical processes of thought and yet an instinctivedesire to interpret rather than to stick to the letter of reasoning, in a tastefor knowledge and a deep respect for the integrity of the human mind.”7. Wilson, and the presidents who followed him, rejected the narrow idea of a liberal artseducation as preparation for a profession. While understanding the importance of professional education, they made it clear that at Princeton we should first and foremost cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students in the belief that this will be most conducive to the health of our society. Thus we distinguish between the acquisition of information, something that is essential for professional training, and the development of habits of mind that can be applied in any profession. Consequently we celebrate when the classics scholar goes to medical school, the physicist becomes a member of a Congress, or the historian teaches primary school. Of we do our job well as educators, each of our students will take from a Princeton education a respect and appreciation for ideas and values, intellectual openness and rigor, practice in civil discourse and a sense of civic responsibility.During these troubled times, our students and our alumni will be called upon to exercise these qualities in their professions, their communities and their daily lives. By so doing, and through their leadership, their vision and their courage, they will help to fulfill Princeton’sobligation to society and bring true meaning to our motto, “Princeton in the nation’s service and in the service of all nations.”。
Unit TenExploration of the TextI.Reading ComprehensionII. VocabularyA. Complete the sentences with words given below, making sure each word is used in the right form.1. last2. house3. peer4. haunted5. qualified6. diverse7. arouses8. press9. sponsored 10. jewelsB. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of the sentence.1-10 CADBA CBDABIII. ClozeChoose the best answer from the choices A, B, C and D provided to fill in each blank.1-15 BDCAD CBACD BACADIV. Translation (for reference)Section A Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.在纽约，父亲开始撰写《生活的艺术》，这是他最重要的著作之一，也是他的哲学思想的一个大综合。
1938年，该书成为美国的畅销书，背翻译成十几种语言，该书也使他成为向西方诠释中国的最主要的学者。
在对中西方进行对比的过程中，他发现没有哪一个差异比起对老年的态度更加引人注意。
“西方人的态度现在还会时常让我感到震撼，”他写道，“有一位老太太，她已经有了好几个孙儿孙女，我曾听她说，‘还是第一个孙子最让人伤感。
’虽然知道西方人痛恨被人认为年老，但是用这种方式来表达这种感情还是我没有想到的。
