高考英语 阅读微技能训练 篇章结构题(2)

专题7 阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题班级姓名学号分数（测试时间：45分钟）1.The production of coffee beans is a huge，profitable business，but，unfortunately，full­sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shad e­grown p roduction to full­sun production endangers the very existence of，certain animals and birds，and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.On a local level，the damage of the forest required by full­sun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Full­sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result，many species are quickly dying out.On a more global level，the destru ction of the rainforest for full­sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition，new coffee­grow ing techniq ues are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full­sun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate，and studies show that the loss of o xygen­giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover，the new growing techniq ues are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade­grown coffee whenever possible，although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?【推理关系】题干Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?☞文章内容本文的第一段提出观点，其后的第二、三、四段分别从不同角度进行具体论证，最后一段是总结段。

2019-2020年高考英语阅读微技能训练篇章结构题(2)A mon enough remark is that speed reading takes the joy out of reading. However, is this entirely fair? To answer this, we need to look at some of the reasons why we need speed reading.It should always be in your mind that speed reading is a skill. Actually, it is adopted in certain situations and it's not always necessarily a skill you need to apply every time you read something.An example, if you are in bed reading the latest novel, it is unlikely that you are going to read fast. The reason： first, you have spent money on it； second, because the atmosphere in which to read is one of relaxation and taking things easy. If we now change the scene to one where we are reading the latest financial report from a pany, even if we are doing this in bed, the environment has changed. The need and reason why we read in these two scenes is not the same. In the former we relax in fort. In the latter we are in a professional way. Clearly in the latter, where we want to be done with the reading and off to sleep, we can adapt our speed reading skills and in the former we may choose not to. In other words, speed reading skill is a “horses for courses”skill. Apply them at times when you need to read something really fast, but not when you don't need to.Furthermore, as your retention(记忆) rates are usually better with speed reading, it is often a good idea that you speed reading at times when you have a special need to understand and retain the information. It is far more likely that understanding and retaining the information in the financial report is go-ing to be more beneficial to you, so use your speed reading skills at this time so that you can increase your chances of understanding and retaining.As you can see then, having the ability to be able to speed reading will al-low you the choice of reading faster, or slower. It's about having choices.1.What does “horses for courses” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Changing behavior and attitudes towards reading.B. Applying speed reading according to the situation.C. Using advanced skills in reading difficult materials.D. Reading attentively without being interrupted.2.In paragraph 3, how does the author try to make readers accept his opinion?A. By using figures.B. By telling stories.C. By setting up examples.D. By asking questions.3.What idea is presented in Paragraph 4 ？A. Speed reading is a special need in increasing reading chances.B. Readers will remember more information with speed reading.C. Reading more financial reports is more beneficial to readers.D. Retention rates are usually better when reading novels.4.The article is written to________.A. argue that speed reading is readers' choiceB. present the characteristics of speed readingC. persuade readers to do speed readingD. show how to do speed readingWe can offer you a place at one of the best universities in Britain. We'll provide you with a choice of 150 first class courses developed especially to enable you to study in your own time, backed by the Open University's own special study method — OU supported open learning.We'll give you the support of a personal teacher, and the chance to meet your fellow students. You can take one-off courses, diplomas’ a degree or a postgraduate degree. Subjects available include ： puting, Business Man-agement ,Technology, Modern languages, Social Sciences, English Law, Arts, Science, Mathematics, Education and Health Social Welfare.Whether you want to study to improve your jobs or for your own personal interests, there's almost certainly a course for you. If you haven't studied for a while, we'll help you get started. No previous training or degrees are required ；you just need a lively power of learning and a willingness to learn. It's real value for money and you can pay by monthly payments.Open University course materials are of the highest quality and e in a variety of forms including video and audio tapes as well as texts. The OU leads the world in its use of new technology for learning. A number of courses provide source materials on CD ROM. What else can the Open University offer you? The best way to find out is to visit our website or phone us today.OU hotline(24 hours): 0870 9000 301Website: open. ac. uk/advert* The OU is in the top 15% of all UK universities for teaching quality.* 25% of all British MBAs e from the OU.* Over 303, 000 employers have offered chances to their staff on OU courses.* 40, 000 OU students are online from home.* There are 9 month courses and new diplomas as well as degrees.* AMBA Accredited. ______________5.This aim of the advertisement is to________.A. sell teaching materialsB. introduce the Open UniversityC. attract studentsD. offer job opportunities6.The Open University can supply you with______.A. a lively power of learningB. different kinds of coursesC. chances to find good jobsD. supports from teachers and students7.What is the greatest advantage of open learning?A. Freedom to manage your own time.B. No experience needed.C. Different forms of course materials.D. Good teaching quality.8.The advertisement is made believable by_______.9.A. asking questionsB. presenting factsC. making parisonsD. telling stories(C)It is monly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. However, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole world of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a respected grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a well-known scientist. While schooling tries something that can be predicted, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from babies on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral (不可或缺的) part of one's life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at about the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their munities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.10.What does the author probably mean by “children interrupt education to go toschool”?A. The more years students go to school, the worse their education is.B. People are engaged in education the whole life.C. Children go to school just to make trouble.D. Schooling is not educationally beneficial.11.The phrase “For example” in the last paragraph introduces a sentence thatgives examples of______.A. the slices of reality that are to be learnedB. the result of schoolingC. limitations of classroom teachingD. the similarities of all schools12.Which of the following conclusions does the passage support?A. Without formal education, people would remain ignorant.B. Education systems need to be thoroughly reformed.C. Education involves many years of petence training.D. Going to school is only part of one's education.13.The passage is written in the way of_________.A. contrasting the meaning of two related wordsB. giving examples of different kinds of educationC. listing and discussing several educational problemsD. providing facts to support an argument(D)Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar(美洲狮) saw Jeb and his son, Tom before they saw it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.Jeb let go of his jacket, grasped Tom and held him across his body, making a cross. Now the cougar's enemy looked even bigger, and it rose up, ready to move away, but unfortunately Tom got scared and struggled free of Jeb.“Tom, no, “shouted his father.But Tom broke and ran and that's the last thing you do with a cougar. The second Tom broke free, Jeb threw himself on the cougar, just as it jumped from the rock. They hit each other in mid-air and both fell. The cougar was on Jeb in a flash, forgetting about Tom, which was what Jeb wanted.Cougars are not as big as most people think and a determined man stands a chance, even with just his fists. As the cougar's claws got into his left shoulder, Jeb swung his fist at its eyes and hit hard. The animal howled and put its head back. Jeb followed up with his other fist. Then out of the corner of his eye. Jeb saw Tom. The boy was running back to help his father.“Knife, Tom,” shouted Jeb.The boy ran to his father's bag, while Jeb started shouting as well as hit-ting, to keep the cougar's attention away from Tom. Tom got the knife and ran over to Jeb. The cougar was moving its head in and out, trying to find a way through the wall Jeb was making out of his arms. Tom swung with the knife, into the cougar's back. It howled horribly and ran off into the mountains.The whole fight had taken about thirty seconds.14.Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar?A. To get ready to fight.B. To frighten it away.C. To protect the boy.D. To cool down.15.What do we know about cougars?A. They are afraid of noises.B. They hesitate before they hit.C. They are bigger than we think.D. They like to attack running people.16.How did Jeb try to hold the cougar's attention?A. By keeping shouting and hitting.B. By making a wall out of his arms.C. By throwing himself on the cougar.D. By swinging his fists at the cougar's eyes.17.Which of the following happened first?A. The cougar jumped from the rock.B. Tom struggled free of his father.C. Jeb asked Tom to get the knife.D. Jeb held Tom across his body.(E)Miguel's co-workers don't quite understand him. One day he's smiling and friendly, a real team player. The next day, he's cross, getting angry over minor things, especially when asked to improve one of his designs.Identifying your personality characteristics is the first step in developing a good attitude. Are you a positive, confident person or are you shy and reserved? Do you face problems, looking for solutions, or do you find someone to blame? Characteristics define you. They help you succeed, or they hold you back.Self-awareness, or understanding the factors that make up your personality, is an important step towards happiness, and happiness is the key characteristic of a good attitude. To bee self-aware is to be aware of both your good and bad characteristics.What are the characteristics that people pliment(恭维) on you? Are you “dependable”, “responsible”, or “solid”? Pay attention to the pliment because they are a confirmation of your strongest characteristics. You can use these characteristics to create an even better image.People form opinions about you. Whether they are right or wrong doesn't enter the equation. You, however, can change their opinions by demonstrating the personality characteristics and attitudes that match the way you want to be viewed. In being self-aware, understanding how others see you is an important step. This can be painful； but if you are brave enough to try it, it can be an excellent growth experience.Change is not easy, especially when it has to do with your behaviors. You should break the behavior change into small steps because small steps are easier to achieve and more likely to last. The change will be permanent if you want to change for yourself.18.The author mentions Miguel in order________.A. to show the importance of personalityB. to introduce the topic of the passageC. to tell us that Miguel is a changeable personD. to give us an example of multiple personality19.The purpose for writing this passage is to_______.A. help you to get along well with othersB. give you advice on how to be happyC. help you to get rid of our bad behaviorsD. help you to develop a good personality20. You should be self-aware because________.A. it may help you on the way to successB. it is a matter of failure or successC. it will surely make you happy and successfulD. it helps you to create a better image21.What may be talked about after this passage?A. Detailed steps of changing your behaviors.B. Why it is important to improve yourself.C. Why it is hard to change your personality.D. Tips on how to get along well with others.(F) A new phone eraCHINA was predicted to bee the world’s top smartphone market by the end of xx, overtaking the US, according to forbes. Surprised? You shouldn’t be. Just take a look around the next time you’re on the subway or riding the bus: It seems that just about everyone these days is busily tapping away on their phones, playing games and sending e-mails.For technology panies, smartphones are the biggest business around. Apple’s iPhone is now worth more than some of the largest panies in the world, including Microsoft. But it’s not just the corporations making the money. The smartphone boom has provided opportunities for people to make and sell their own apps.Nick D’Aloisio, just 17 y ears old, hit the news headlines in November for making a brand new app for reading news, called Summly, which cleverly uses equations (方程式) to turn stories into short summaries. It shot up to number nine in the charts just two hours after its release in t he US. But he’s not the only young person seizing this opportunity.So where will smartphones go next? A lot of new ideas have been proposed. Google, for example, has recently shown off a type of smartphone you can actually wear like a pair of glasses. If successful, this new product promises to pave a new future for municating. However, there are others who argue that smartphone makers have reached a limit in revolutionary ideas. Either way, there’s no sure way of predicting the future. After all, who can tell when a groundbreaking (开创性的) idea might hit them?But perhaps there are bigger questions than this.“I fear the day that technology will surpass our human interaction,” Albert Einstein once said. “The world will have a generation of idiots.”This statement is beginning to ring true. If our grandparents had been told that in the year xx everyone would walk around looking at puters in their hands, would they have believed it?In an ever-connected world of social networks, have we actually bee unsociable? Is the fascination turning into a dangerous addiction? There are certainly positive and negative aspects of the smartphone culture. We hope you enjoy this exploration into some of them.21. With the example of Nick D’Aloisio, the author intends to tell us that _____.A. the new app for reading news has been well received since its releaseB. the smartphone boom has inspired many people to make apps and succeedC. there is an increasing demand for news reading with the popularity ofsmartphonesD. many corporations and people earn money by making and selling apps forsmartphones22. What is one of the bigger questions facing us in the era of smartphones accordingto the last two paragraphs?A. Overuse of technology.B. The limit in revolutionary ideas.C. The loss of human interaction.D. Trouble with new ways ofmunication.23. Which of the following best shows the structure of the article?。

高考英语阅读理解篇章结构分析技能一、科普类文章1.引出中心内容的方法(1)A but B。

这个时候B是文章的中心。

为了不让文章显得太突兀，一般会先讲A，即普通的内容(科普类文章一般介绍的是我们不太熟悉的内容)。

另外，A也有可能是一种欲扬先抑的写作手法，与B的意思正好相反。

Most animals have little connection with animals of adifferent kind, unless they hunt them for food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership (伙伴关系) which does good to both of them. You may havenoticed some birds sitting on the backs of sheep. This is not because they wanta ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生虫) on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so becausethey remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can manage without eachother, they do better together.The idea of fighting a noise by making more noisesounds strange, but that’s exactlywhat motor engineers are doing in Germany and some other countries.(2) 用熟悉的事物作类比。

高考英语阅读微技能训练篇章结构题阅读微技能训练5—篇章结构题(2) 巩固练习(A) Does Speed Reading Take the Joy Out of Reading?A common enough remark is that speed reading takes the joy out of reading. However, is this entirely fair? To answer this, we need to look at some of the reasons why we need speed reading.It should always be in your mind that speed reading is a skill. Actually, it is adopted in certain situations and it's not always necessarily a skill you need to apply every time you read something.An example, if you are in bed reading the latest novel, it is unlikely that you are going to read fast. The reason： first, you have spent money on it；second, because the atmosphere in which to read is one of relaxation and taking things easy. If we now change the scene to one where we are reading the latest financial report from a company, even if we are doing this in bed, the environment has changed. The need and reason why we read in these two scenes is not the same. In the former we relax in comfort. In the latter we are in a professional way. Clearly in the latter, where we want to be done with the reading and off to sleep, we can adapt our speed reading skills and in the former we may choose not to. In other word s, speed reading skill is a “horses for courses” skill. Apply them at times when you need to read something really fast, but not when you don't need to.Furthermore, as your reten tion(记忆) rates are usually better with speed reading, it is often a good idea that you speed reading at times when you have a special need to understand and retain the information. It is far more likely that understanding andretaining the information in the financial report is go-ing to be more beneficial to you, so use your speed reading skills at this time so that you can increase your chances of understanding and retaining.As you can see then, having the ability to be able to speed reading will al-low you the choice of reading faster, or slower. It's about having choices.1.Wh at does “horses for courses” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Changing behavior and attitudes towards reading.B. Applying speed reading according to the situation.C. Using advanced skills in reading difficult materials.D. Reading attentively without being interrupted.2.In paragraph 3, how does the author try to make readers accept his opinion?A. By using figures.B. By telling stories.C. By setting up examples.D. By asking questions.3.What idea is presented in Paragraph 4 ？A. Speed reading is a special need in increasing reading chances.B. Readers will remember more information with speed reading.C. Reading more financial reports is more beneficial to readers.D. Retention rates are usually better when reading novels.4.The article is written to________.A. argue that speed reading is readers' choiceB. present the characteristics of speed readingC. persuade readers to do speed readingD. show how to do speed reading(B)We can offer you a place at one of the best universities in Britain. We'll provide you wit h a choice of 150 first class courses developed especially to enable you to study in your own time, backed by the Open University's own special study method —OU supported open learning.We'll give you the support of a personal teacher, and the chance to meet your fellow students. You can take one-off courses, diplomas’ a degree or a postgraduate degree. Subjects available include ：Computing, Business Man-agement ,Technology, Modern languages, Social Sciences, English Law, Arts, Science, Mathematics, Education and Health Social Welfare.Whether you want to study to improve your jobs or for your own personal interests, there's almost certainly a course for you. If you haven't studied for a while, we'll help you get started. No previous training or degrees are required ；you just need a lively power of learning and a willingness to learn. It's real value for money and you can pay by monthly payments.Open University course materials are of the highest quality and come in a variety of forms including video and audio tapes as well as texts. The OU leads the world in its use of new technology for learning. A number of courses provide source materials on CD ROM. What else can the Open University offer you? The best way to find out is to visit our website or phone us today.OUhotline(24hours)************Website: WWW. open. ac. uk/advert* The OU is in the top 15% of all UK universities for teachingquality.* 25% of all British MBAs come from the OU.* Over 303, 000 employers have offered chances to their staff on OU courses.* 40, 000 OU students are online from home.* There are 9 month courses and new diplomas as well as degrees.* AMBA Accredited. ______________5.This aim of the advertisement is to________.A. sell teaching materialsB. introduce the Open UniversityC. attract studentsD. offer job opportunities6.The Open University can supply you with______.A. a lively power of learningB. different kinds of coursesC. chances to find good jobsD. supports from teachers and students7.What is the greatest advantage of open learning?A. Freedom to manage your own time.B. No experience needed.C. Different forms of course materials.D. Good teaching quality.8.The advertisement is made believable by_______.9.A. asking questionsB. presenting factsC. making comparisonsD. telling stories(C)It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. However, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole world of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a respected grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a well-known scientist. While schooling tries something that can be predicted, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from babies on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral (不可或缺的) part of one's life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at about the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in theircommunities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.10.What does the author probably mean by “children interrupt education to go toschool”?A. The more years students go to school, the worse their education is.B. People are engaged in education the whole life.C. Children go to school just to make trouble.D. Schooling is not educationally beneficial.11.The phrase “For example” in the last paragraph introduces a sentence thatgives examples of______.A. the slices of reality that are to be learnedB. the result of schoolingC. limitations of classroom teachingD. the similarities of all schools12.Which of the following conclusions does the passage support?A. Without formal education, people would remain ignorant.B. Education systems need to be thoroughly reformed.C. Education involves many years of competence training.D. Going to school is only part of one's education.13.The passage is written in the way of_________.A. contrasting the meaning of two related wordsB. giving examples of different kinds of educationC. listing and discussing several educational problemsD. providing facts to support an argument(D)Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar(美洲狮) saw Jeb and his son, Tom before they saw it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.Jeb let go of his jacket, grasped Tom and held him across his body, making a cross. Now the cougar's enemy looked even bigger, and it rose up, ready to move away, but unfortunately Tom got scared and struggled free of Jeb.“Tom, no, “shouted his father.But Tom broke and ran and that's the last thing you do with a cougar. The second Tom broke free, Jeb threw himself on the cougar, just as it jumped from the rock. They hit each other in mid-air and both fell. The cougar was on Jeb in a flash, forgetting about Tom, which was what Jeb wanted.Cougars are not as big as most people think and a determined man stands a chance, even with just his fists. As the cougar's claws got into his left shoulder, Jeb swung his fist at its eyes and hit hard. The animal howled and put its head back. Jeb followed up with his other fist. Then out of the corner of his eye. Jeb saw Tom. The boy was running back to help his father.“Knife, Tom,” shouted Jeb.The boy ran to his father's bag, while Jeb started shouting as well as hit-ting, to keep the cougar's attention away from Tom. Tom got the knife and ran over to Jeb. The cougar was moving its head in and out, trying to find a way through the wall Jeb was making out of his arms. Tom swung with the knife, into the cougar's back. It howled horribly and ran off into the mountains.The whole fight had taken about thirty seconds.14.Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar?A. To get ready to fight.B. To frighten it away.C. To protect the boy.D. To cool down.15.What do we know about cougars?A. They are afraid of noises.B. They hesitate before they hit.C. They are bigger than we think.D. They like to attack running people.16.How did Jeb try to hold the cougar's attention?A. By keeping shouting and hitting.。

高考英语阅读篇章结构题解题技巧阅读理解占有较大的分值,把握有效的解题技巧可以有效快速解题,下面就是我给大家带来的高考英语阅读篇章结构题解题技巧，盼望大家喜爱！高考英语阅读篇章结构题解题技巧1．确定指代关系。

最常见的提问方式是：The underlined word “they/it/…” in paragraph… refers to… …2．对句子意义或作用的理解。

最常见的提问方式是：The sentence “… …” in paragraph … means ….; The example of … … in para….is used to illustrate/show … ….3．对段落大意或段落作用的理解。

最常见的提问方式是：The last paragraph mainly tell us that … …; The purpose of writing Paragraph … is …. ….4．对文章组织结构的理解。

最常见的提问方式是：How is the passage organized?；Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?在上述几类题中考生感觉难做的题是第四类, 这类题是近两年来消失的主要考查谈论文结构的命题新方式,且逐步得到语言教育专家们的认可。

并逐步推广到对其他文体结构的考查。

分析这一类的题我们看出：对文章组织结构的考查不外乎两个层次。

一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构，一是按写作方法（论证方法）理解文章的结构。

首先，看看这样考查从段落层次理解文章的结构。

这类题常常用到的提问方式是：Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? 常见的段落结构有如下几种状况：图1表明：①（Paragraph 1）是主题段（提出论题或论点），②、③段是就同一论据或者问题的同一方面作论述，④用另一论据材料或者从问题的另一方面论述，⑤段是结论段或者是用来重述论题、强调论点的段落。

2019届高三二轮复习英语精品资料【讲案】专题- 阅渎理解IV：篇章结构题【构建知识体系】篇章结构题B【2018 •天津卷】When I was 17, I read a magaz ine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercoloristnamed Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunnySaturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but ni recog nize it,there was a picture in the magaz ine.""Oh, stop. There it is! ”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us."May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine. ” Tour guides got on my n erves. What if they tlong time about a pain ti ng you were n't that in terested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed verynosy（爱窥探的）,keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Sudde nly I sen sed a man sta nding beh ind me. "Where do you think you are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay ArtMuseum!" He smiled, shaki ng his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braun fels Street." "What place? ” I asked, still con fused. "Well, it's our home." My heart jolted震颤）.I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come dow n immediately!""There's some really good stuff（艺术作品）up there." She stepped dow n, I ook ing con fused. I pushed her toward the front door, wavi ng at the family, say ing, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, whe n I told Sally what happe ned, she covered her mouth, laugh ing. She could n't believe how long they let us look around without say ing anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, i n case anything else unu sual happe ned.Thirty years later, a woma n approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever en ter a reside nee, I ong ago, thin ki ng it was the McNay Museum?""Yes. But how do you know? We n ever told anyon e.""That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I n ever felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feeli ngs about my home cha nged after that. I've always wan ted to tha nk you."44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked eno ugh artwork to in terest her.B. She was too upset to spe nd much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappo inting compared with the house.D. The event happe ning in the house was more sig ni fica nt.【答案】44. D【解析】本文杲一篇记叙文°文童作者和朋友原MoXay博物管，到了之后参观的时候」发现很多人奇怪的看看她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成\kNdy博物馆。

阅读微技能训练4—细节理解题(2) 巩固练习(A)THE people have spoken –The Big Bang Theory is a worldwide sensation (引起轰动的事情). In January, the popular American sitcom earned its second People’s Choice Award for Best Network TV Comedy. As popular character Sheldon Cooper might say: “Bazinga!”, meaning “Gotcha”.In the US, the show’s popularity has increased from an average of 8.31 million viewers per episode during season one to 18.61 million during the current, sixth season. So, how does The Big Bang Theory keep adding viewers after six years?According to Dan Martin, TV critic for The Guardian, the show’s focus on nerd (书呆子) culture “speaks to its viewers” in a way that Friends did in the 1990s with its focus on coffee-house culture. In 2013, being a geek (对电脑痴迷的人) in a lab coat is cool, and The Big Bang Theory’s characters, such as Howard and Raj, fit the bill.But being a nerd also means knowing your fantasy and sci-fi entertainment, and The Big Bang Theory is peppered (充满) with pop culture homages (敬意). Kenneth Andrews, wr iter at , notes that the show includes “references to cult franchises (备受推崇的剧目) such as Doctor Who, Star Trek, … Lord of the Rings and Harry Potter.” Viewers appreciate that the show’s characters love the same entertainment that they do. Leonard even dressed up as Frodo Baggins, the protagonist (主角) of Lord of the Rings, for Halloween, in season one episode The Middle-Earth Paradigm.But the show’s influence has extended even to the real setting that it satirizes (讽刺): the world of science. In No vember 2011, The Guardian reported that “there was a 10 percent increase [in the UK] in the number of students accepted to [university physics programs] between 2008-09, when The Big Bang Theory was first broadcast in the UK, and 2010-11.” And in January 2013, a group of biologists in Brazil named a bee species after Sheldon’s catchphrase (口头禅), “Bazinga!”, according to CNN’s Lightyears blog.Sounds like geeks the world over have a new rallying cry. Thanks, Sheldon.1. Which of the following statement s about The Big Bang Theory is TRUE?A. The show is the second most popular sitcom in the US at present.B. The number of its viewers has increased by three times since it first came out.C. It inspired a group of biologists in Brazil to discover a new bee species.D. It has somewhat encouraged a number of UK students to take an interest in physics.2. What does the underlined word “fit the bill” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Become wealthy.B. Are just what is needed.C. Go against what is expected.D. Compete to pay for something.3. How does The Big Bang Theory attract so many viewers according to the text?A. It focuses on coffee-house culture like Friends once did.B. It teaches viewers some scientific knowledge in eve ry episode.C. It is about geeks and talks about popular culture and entertainment.D. It involves some classical sci-fi stories and satirizes the world of science.(B)FOR many die-hard fans, soccer is more than just a game. It’s a source of identity, a link to the culture of a place or region – and never more so than on derby (同城比赛) day. Those who support the victor gain bragging rights, renewed faith and increased optimism for the coming months. The losers’ supporters, on the other hand, earn wounded pride and dreams of revenge next time.To se e this phenomenon in action, look no further than Spain’s national derby – Real Madrid versus FC Barcelona.On Fe b 26, the two powerhouses staged a breathtaking showdown (一决胜负). Cristiano Ronaldo scored twice to lead Real Madrid to a 3-1 win.At Barcelona’s Camp Nou Stadium before Tuesday’s match, when thousands of Barcelona fans held up red and gold cards forming a big mosaic of the Catalan national flag, it became clear that this clash goes far beyond sports.According to the BBC, the rivalry (对立) goes back to the 1930s. Barcelona is the capital of Catalonia, a Northeastern autonomous region in Spain where many people desire greater independence from the central Spanish government. After the Spanish Civil War, the government suppressed the Catalan language and culture.While the Catalonians and their club FC Barcelona fought to maintain their identity, Francisco Franco, the fascist ruler of Spain at that time, treated Real Madrid better. Throughout the years, FC Barcelona was a symbol of stre ngth for the Catalan region. There is nothing Catalans enjoy more than beating Real Madrid – a team with strong links to Spain’s ruling family.But Real Madrid and FC Barcelona is not the only pair fighting for pride. Another fierce derby is between Boca Juniors and River Plate in Argentina. UK newsp aper The Observer even placed attending the Argentinian event atop their list of “50 sporting things you must do before you die”.Both clubs originated in the La Boca district in Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina. In 1925, however, River moved to a wealthier district of the city. “Just seven kilometers separates these two fierce rivals but a huge class divide fuels their bitter hatred for each other,” noted The Observer. Some 70 percent of Argentines support either “aristocratic” River or the traditionally “working class” Boca.“It is a carnival-like atmosphere… Fans exchange songs and flares, and flag-burning is a regular occurrence,” the paper wrote.4. Why did the Barcelona fans make a big mo saic of the Catalan national flag?A. To represent Catalan identity.B. To call for a more united country.C. To show their love and support for Spain.D. To impress and entertain the audience.5. What is the biggest reason for Boca Juniors and River Plate’s rivalry?A. Different cultures.B. Different religions.C. Different social classes.D. The competition system.6. What is the article mainly about?A. What soccer fan culture is.B. Why derbies are so fierce.C. How derby came into being.D. How rivalry between two teams makes their game more interesting.(C)WHEN I signed up to volunteer as a team leader for the Special Olympics, I had no idea what it would entail (带来). Standing in the middle of the crowded gymnasium, I waited anxiously for my team of girls to be called. Suddenly, a small group of schoolgirls closed in on me.One young woman bounced clumsily toward me with such liveliness. Gravity seemed to have no effect on her. Strands of brown hair swayed back and forth in front of her blue eyes with every step, and a huge smile warmed her freckled face.I felt paralyzed as I realized she was heading directly toward me. She stood next to me, placed her arm on my sh oulder, and said, “Hi, I’m Jane.”“Hi, I’m Sandy.”Then, moving even closer, she said: “Hi, Sandy. I’m Jane.”Smiling, I asked: “How are you, Jane?”“Fine,” she said.Just then the whistle announced the first event: a basketball-dribbling relay. The girls lined up behind the starting line, ready to dribble the ball to the other end of the court and back again.When it was Jane’s turn, she looked at me and said: “Watch, Sandy. I can do this.” As she attempted to dribble, her bouncing gait (步法) kept her from controlling the ball. With almost every step, Jane’s foot would kick the ball, sending it flying across the gymnasium.“You can do it, Jane!” I yelled..Her smile never faded as she happily retrieved (重新得到) the ball and resumed (再次开始) where she had left off. It took two more trips across the gymnasium before Jane was back at my side“I did good, didn’t I, Sandy?” Jane asked proudly. “Yes, you did fine.”Then, Jane once again placed her arm on my shoulder and declared: “Hi Sandy, I’m Jane.”“Yes, you are Jane, a wonderful young lady,” I responded, with a reassuring smile. This game continued throughout the other events.At the end of the day, each athlete received a ribbon. No one on my team came in first. Rankings weren’t important.Because of Jane, I now find joy in the little things. I know that winning isn’t the only thing that matters. When life sends me in an unexpected direction, I now get right back on course and start again, with a smile like hers.Every once in a while, I can feel her arm rest on my shoulder and hear her say: “Hi Sandy, I’m Jane. You did good.”7. When the author realized that Jane was coming toward her, she ______.A. felt surprised and didn’t know how to reactB. felt disappointed that Jane was on her teamC. was pleased because she liked her livelinessD. was a little frightened at her strange way of walking8. During the basketball-dribbling relay, Jane ______.A. would have given up without the author’s encouragementB. was dribbling at a fast speed despite her bouncing gaitC. failed to dribble the ball to the other end of the courtD. remained cheerful though she had some trouble controlling the ball9. When Jane said “I did good, didn’t I, Sandy?”, what was the author’s response?A. She agreed with her sincerely.B. She agreed for fear of hurting her self-esteem.C. She wondered why Jane was so confident.D. She worried that the result might disappoint her.10. What did the author learn from Jane?A. Independence and ambition.B. Responsibility and determination.C. Optimism and perseverance.D. Teamwork and an adventurous spirit.(D)ONE summer I was driving from my hometown of Tahoe City, California to New Orleans, Louisiana. In the middle of the desert, I passed a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. I drove right by him. There was a time when you’d be called a jerk (混蛋) for passing by somebody in need. Now you’re a fool for helping. “I don’t want to get involved” seems to have become a national motto.Several days later I was thinking about t he hitchhiker, about how I didn’t even lift my foot off the accelerator for him.“Does anyone stop any more?” I wondered. Blanche DuBois once said: “I have always depended on the kindness of strangers.” Was that possible these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey across the US without any money, just relying on the good will of others. What would happen? Would he find food, shelter and support?The idea intrigued (激起兴趣) me.The week I turned 37, I realized that I had never done something truly crazy. So I decided to really do it: travel from the Pacific to the Atlantic without a penny. I would only accept offers of rides, food and places to sleep.For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and covered 4,223 miles across 14 states. I was treated kindly everywhere I went. I was amazed by people’s readiness to help a stranger.In Nebraska, a house painter named Mike noted the chilly weather and asked if I had a coat. I didn’t, so he g ave me a big green army-style jacket. A lumber-mill worker in Michigan named Tim invited me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me a tent. I refused, but Tim insisted, packing it into my bag himself. I found people were generally compassionate. Hearing I had no money and would take none, people bought me food and gave me necessities. Thosewho had the least to give often gave the most.I’m grateful to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter and their gifts. My faith in ordinary folks was renewed. It turns out you can still depend on the kindness of strangers.11. How did the author feel days after he refused to give the young man a ride?A. Guilty.B. Worried.C. Confused.D. Embarrassed.12. Why did the author decide to go on a h itchhiking journey without any money?A. To test his doubts about people’s kindness.B. To experience the culture of hitchhiking.C. To call for trust and love among people.D. To have a fun and cool birthday party.13. What does the underlined word “compassionate” in Paragraph 7 mean?A. Inspiring.B. Sympathetic.C. Passionate.D. Responsible.14. During the author’s journey, _____.A. he found his previous faith in people proved correctB. he was impressed that poor people were more eager to helpC. he made lots of friends and learned many practical survival skillsD. he didn’t receive as much help as he had expected。

阅读微技能训练5—篇章结构题(2) 巩固练习(A) Does Speed Reading Take the Joy Out of Reading?A common enough remark is that speed reading takes the joy out of reading. However, is this entirely fair? To answer this, we need to look at some of the reasons why we need speed reading.It should always be in your mind that speed reading is a skill. Actually, it is adopted in certain situations and it's not always necessarily a skill you need to apply every time you read something.An example, if you are in bed reading the latest novel, it is unlikely that you are going to read fast. The reason： first, you have spent money on it； second, because the atmosphere in which to read is one of relaxation and taking things easy. If we now change the scene to one where we are reading the latest financial report from a company, even if we are doing this in bed, the environment has changed. The need and reason why we read in these two scenes is not the same. In the former we relax in comfort. In the latter we are in a professional way. Clearly in the latter, where we want to be done with the reading and off to sleep, we can adapt our speed reading skills and in the former we may choose not to. In other words, speed reading skill is a “horses for courses” skill. Apply them at times when you need to read something really fast, but not when you don't need to.Furthermore, as your reten tion(记忆) rates are usually better with speed reading, it is often a good idea that you speed reading at times when you have a special need to understand and retain the information. It is far more likely that understanding and retaining the information in the financial report is go-ing to be more beneficial to you, so use your speed reading skills at this time so that you can increase your chances of understanding and retaining.As you can see then, having the ability to be able to speed reading will al-low you the choice of reading faster, or slower. It's about having choices.1.What does “horses for courses” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Changing behavior and attitudes towards reading.B. Applying speed reading according to the situation.C. Using advanced skills in reading difficult materials.D. Reading attentively without being interrupted.2.In paragraph 3, how does the author try to make readers accept his opinion?A. By using figures.B. By telling stories.C. By setting up examples.D. By asking questions.3.What idea is presented in Paragraph 4 ？A. Speed reading is a special need in increasing reading chances.B. Readers will remember more information with speed reading.C. Reading more financial reports is more beneficial to readers.D. Retention rates are usually better when reading novels.4.The article is written to________.A. argue that speed reading is readers' choiceB. present the characteristics of speed readingC. persuade readers to do speed readingD. show how to do speed reading(B)We can offer you a place at one of the best universities in Britain. We'll provide you wit h a choice of 150 first class courses developed especially to enable you to study in your own time, backed by the Open University's own special study method — OU supported open learning.We'll give you the support of a personal teacher, and the chance to meet your fellow students. You can take one-off courses, diplomas’ a degree or a postgraduate degree. Subjects available include ： Computing, Business Man-agement ,Technology, Modern languages, Social Sciences, English Law, Arts, Science, Mathematics, Education and Health Social Welfare.Whether you want to study to improve your jobs or for your own personal interests, there's almost certainly a course for you. If you haven't studied for a while, we'll help you get started. No previous training or degrees are required ；you just need a lively power of learning and a willingness to learn. It's real value for money and you can pay by monthly payments.Open University course materials are of the highest quality and come in a variety of forms including video and audio tapes as well as texts. The OU leads the world in its use of new technology for learning. A number of courses provide source materials on CD ROM. What else can the Open University offer you? The best way to find out is to visit our website or phone us today.OU hotline(24 hours): 0870 9000 301Website: WWW. open. ac. uk/advert* The OU is in the top 15% of all UK universities for teaching quality.* 25% of all British MBAs come from the OU.* Over 303, 000 employers have offered chances to their staff on OU courses.* 40, 000 OU students are online from home.* There are 9 month courses and new diplomas as well as degrees.* AMBA Accredited. ______________5.This aim of the advertisement is to________.A. sell teaching materialsB. introduce the Open UniversityC. attract studentsD. offer job opportunities6.The Open University can supply you with______.A. a lively power of learningB. different kinds of coursesC. chances to find good jobsD. supports from teachers and students7.What is the greatest advantage of open learning?A. Freedom to manage your own time.B. No experience needed.C. Different forms of course materials.D. Good teaching quality.8.The advertisement is made believable by_______.9.A. asking questionsB. presenting factsC. making comparisonsD. telling stories(C)It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. However, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole world of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a respected grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a well-known scientist. While schooling tries something that can be predicted, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from babies on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral (不可或缺的) part of one's life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at about the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.10.What does the author probably mean by “children interrupt education to go toschool”?A. The more years students go to school, the worse their education is.B. People are engaged in education the whole life.C. Children go to school just to make trouble.D. Schooling is not educationally beneficial.11.The phrase “For example” in the last paragraph introduces a sentence thatgives examples of______.A. the slices of reality that are to be learnedB. the result of schoolingC. limitations of classroom teachingD. the similarities of all schools12.Which of the following conclusions does the passage support?A. Without formal education, people would remain ignorant.B. Education systems need to be thoroughly reformed.C. Education involves many years of competence training.D. Going to school is only part of one's education.13.The passage is written in the way of_________.A. contrasting the meaning of two related wordsB. giving examples of different kinds of educationC. listing and discussing several educational problemsD. providing facts to support an argument(D)Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar(美洲狮) saw Jeb and his son, Tom before they saw it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.Jeb let go of his jacket, grasped Tom and held him across his body, making a cross. Now the cougar's enemy looked even bigger, and it rose up, ready to move away, but unfortunately Tom got scared and struggled free of Jeb.“Tom, no, “shouted his father.But Tom broke and ran and that's the last thing you do with a cougar. The second Tom broke free, Jeb threw himself on the cougar, just as it jumped from the rock. They hit each other in mid-air and both fell. The cougar was on Jeb in a flash, forgetting about Tom, which was what Jeb wanted.Cougars are not as big as most people think and a determined man stands a chance, even with just his fists. As the cougar's claws got into his left shoulder, Jeb swung his fist at its eyes and hit hard. The animal howled and put its head back. Jeb followed up with his other fist. Then out of the corner of his eye. Jeb saw Tom. The boy was running back to help his father.“Knife, Tom,” shouted Jeb.The boy ran to his father's bag, while Jeb started shouting as well as hit-ting, to keep the cougar's attention away from Tom. Tom got the knife and ran over to Jeb. The cougar was moving its head in and out, trying to find a way through the wall Jeb was making out of his arms. Tom swung with the knife, into the cougar's back. It howled horribly and ran off into the mountains.The whole fight had taken about thirty seconds.14.Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar?A. To get ready to fight.B. To frighten it away.C. To protect the boy.D. To cool down.15.What do we know about cougars?A. They are afraid of noises.B. They hesitate before they hit.C. They are bigger than we think.D. They like to attack running people.16.How did Jeb try to hold the cougar's attention?A. By keeping shouting and hitting.B. By making a wall out of his arms.C. By throwing himself on the cougar.D. By swinging his fists at the cougar's eyes.17.Which of the following happened first?A. The cougar jumped from the rock.B. Tom struggled free of his father.C. Jeb asked Tom to get the knife.D. Jeb held Tom across his body.(E)Miguel's co-workers don't quite understand him. One day he's smiling and friendly, a real team player. The next day, he's cross, getting angry over minor things, especially when asked to improve one of his designs.Identifying your personality characteristics is the first step in developing a good attitude. Are you a positive, confident person or are you shy and reserved? Do you face problems, looking for solutions, or do you find someone to blame? Characteristics define you. They help you succeed, or they hold you back.Self-awareness, or understanding the factors that make up your personality, is an important step towards happiness, and happiness is the key characteristic of a good attitude. To become self-aware is to be aware of both your good and bad characteristics.What are the characteristics that people compliment(恭维) on you? Are you “dependable”, “responsible”, or “solid”? Pay attention t o the compliment because they are a confirmation of your strongest characteristics. Y ou can use these characteristics to create an even better image.People form opinions about you. Whether they are right or wrong doesn't enter the equation. You, however, can change their opinions by demonstrating the personality characteristics and attitudes that match the way you want to be viewed. In becoming self-aware, understanding how others see you is an important step. This can be painful； but if you are brave enough to try it, it can be an excellent growth experience.Change is not easy, especially when it has to do with your behaviors. You should break the behavior change into small steps because small steps are easier to achieve and more likely to last. The change will be permanent if you want to change for yourself.18.The author mentions Miguel in order________.A. to show the importance of personalityB. to introduce the topic of the passageC. to tell us that Miguel is a changeable personD. to give us an example of multiple pers onality19.The purpose for writing this passage is to_______.A. help you to get along well with othersB. give you advice on how to be happyC. help you to get rid of our bad behaviorsD. help you to develop a good personality20. You should be self-aware because________.A. it may help you on the way to successB. it is a matter of failure or successC. it will surely make you happy and successfulD. it helps you to create a better image21.What may be talked about after this passage?A. Detailed steps of changing your behaviors.B. Why it is important to improve yourself.C. Why it is hard to change your personality.D. Tips on how to get along well with others.(F) A new phone eraCHINA was predicted to become the world’s top smartphone market by the end of 2012, overtaking the US, according to . Surprised? You shoul dn’t be. Just take a look around the next time you’re on the subway or riding the bus: It seems that just about everyone these days is busily tapping away on their phones, playing games and sending e-mails.For technology companies, smartphones are the biggest business around. Apple’s iPhone is now worth more than some of the largest companies in the world, including Mi crosoft. But it’s not just the corporations making the money. The smartphone boom has provided opportunities for people to make and sell their own apps.Nick D’Aloisio, just 17 years old, hit the news headlines in November for making a brand new app for reading news, called Summly, which cleverly uses equations (方程式) to turn stories into short summaries. I t shot up to number nine in the charts just two hours after its release in the US. But he’s not the only young person seizing this opportunity.So where will smartphones go next? A lot of new ideas have been proposed. Google, for example, has recently shown off a type of smartphone you can actually wear like a pair of glasses. If successful, this new product promises to pave a new future for communicating. However, there are others who argue that smartphone makers have reached a limit i n revolutionary ideas. Either way, there’s no sure way of predicting the future. After all, who can tell when a groundbreaking (开创性的) idea might hit them?But perhaps there are bigger questions than this.“I fear the day that technology will surpass our human interaction,” Albert Einstein once said. “The world will have a generation of idiots.”This statement is beginning to ring true. If our grandparents had been told that in the year 2012 everyone would walk around looking at computers in their hands, would they have believed it?In an ever-connected world of social networks, have we actually become unsociable? Is the fascination turning into a dangerous addiction? There are certainly positive and negative aspects of the smartphone culture. We hope you enjoy this exploration into some of them.21. With the example of Nick D’Aloisio, the author intends to tell us that _____.A. the new app for reading news has been well received since its releaseB. the smartphone boom has inspired many people to make apps and succeedC. there is an increasing demand for news readi ng with the popularity ofsmartphonesD. many corporations and people earn money by making and selling apps forsmartphones22. What is one of the bigger questions facing us in the era of smartphones accordingto the last tw o paragraphs?A. Overuse of technology.B. The limit in revolutionary ideas.C. The loss of human interaction.D. Trouble with new ways ofcommunication.23. Which of the following best shows the structure of the article?。

高考难点突破高考英语阅读理解题型训练篇章结构〔解题思路〕英语文章的阅读理解首先要从文章的篇章结构入手，弄清了作者谋篇布局的设计之后，才能更好地理解全文的主旨大意和具体细节。

各种体裁的文章篇章结构都有一定的写作规律，如议论文一般遵循:提出问题，分析问题，解决问题的过程;记叙文一般以故事的发生、发展和结局为写作顺序;说明文突出体现说明事物的特点。

文章篇章结构试题经常设问的试题有：How does the passage mainly develop?A. By providing examples.（举例子）B. By making comparisons.（作比较）C. By following the order of time. （按时间顺序）D. By following the order of importance. （按重要性顺序）〔典例剖析〕A (湖北卷)Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy .After all ,you probably sing or whistle when you are happy.Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy .However ,they sing most of the time for a very different reason .Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.Do you know what a “territory” is ?A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims as its own .Only he and his family are welcome there .No other families of the same species are welcome .Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome . If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you ,you might shout .Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.If so ,you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him .A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time ,especially at nesting（筑巢）season. So he is screaming all the time ,whether he can see an outsider or not .This screaming is what we call a bird’s song ,and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs.You can see that birds have a language all their own .Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories.59．How does the writer explain birds’ singing?A．By comparing birds with human beings.B．By reporting experiment results.C．By describing birds’ daily life.D．By telling a bird’s story.分析：由文章第一、二两段：Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy. Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory. 可知作者是把鸟儿和人类进行对比。

阅读微技能训练5—篇章结构题(1) 篇章结构题主要考查学生把握文章的脉络、辨认文章总体行文结构及组织方式、判断组织结构功能的能力，如果文章是节选的，可能会要求考生推断文章前后未呈现的内容。

I. 三类篇章结构题的出题方式1. 结构识辨: 此类组织结构题要求考生能够识别文章、段落的组织结构或行文方式。

结构识辨类组织结构题常见的题干表述方式如下：How is the text organized?The author develops the passage mainly by ______ .The text is mainly developed in the order of _______ .Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?2. 组织结构功能: 此类组织结构题要求考生判断文章或段落组织结构的功能、作用，其常见的题干表述方式如下：The author quoted ⋯words in...paragraph in order to make the article .3. 结构推测: 此类组织结构题要求考生能够根据文章或段落的组织结构、行文方式或段落内容推测文章前后未呈现的写作内容。

其常见的题干表述方式如下：What would the author probably discuss in theparagraph that follows?Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection? II 、解题策略[Example 1]: The Diet Zone: A Dangerous PlaceDiet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet ...We are surrounded by the word “diet ” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brains to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling theconsumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthyfoods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight forthe scale( 秤) instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet ” in food labels.On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe thatgain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is timeto seriously think about buying them. Loosing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.1. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?Tip 1 ：__________________________________________________________________________________ [Practice 1] The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before: changes for the better, changes for the worse; changes that brought a lot of benefits to human beings, changes that put man in danger. Many things caused the changes, but, in my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views.It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe; it has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology in the application of science has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings ：in pure science —a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning ；in applied science —a more reasonable shari ng of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and production of weapons of mass destruction has created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons. Although their actual use has so far occurred only in the Second World War, the number of nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for use was so large that if the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.William Shakespeare said, “ The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线） , good and ill together. ” The above brief review of the application of only onepart of human activities —science seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But doesit have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?1. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?( ① =Paragrah 1, ② =Paragrah 2, ③ =Paragrah 3, ④ =Paragrah 4, ⑤ =Paragrah 5) [Example 2] Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames. Somep eople called him Bagamo. They said his mouth looked like a large bag. Musicians often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence on the world of music. Born in 1901 in New Orleans, Jazz was invented in the city a “Jazz and I grew up together. Armstrong showed a great at a boy 's home. In his late He played in parades, clubs, River. At that time, to many great musicians. respected as their equal.In 1922 he went to Chicago. There, the tale of Louis Armstrong begins. From then until the end of his life, Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever he went. Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song. His cornet playing had a deep humanity and warmth that caused many listeners to say, “Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over. ” He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best-known and most admired people in the world. His death, on July 6, 1971, was headline news around the world. 2. The whole passage is developed _________ . A. by space B. by examples C. by time D. by comparison Tip 2： ___________________________________________________________________________________ 考查组织结构的文章通常行文组织结构都比较清晰、规范，因此 , 具备文体、写作方式 和文章组织结构方面相关知识对于有效解答此类题目具有至关重要的作用。

浅析高考英语阅读理解之篇章结构题————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：浅析高考英语阅读理解之篇章结构题-英语论文浅析高考英语阅读理解之篇章结构题成永琴（张家口市宣化区第一中学，河北张家口075000）摘要：近几年的阅读理解高考试题，所选文章语篇结构复杂性增强，且运用较高级的组篇手段如：时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑推理等。

对平时习惯在课本中所接受的清楚明白的语段的学生来说，他们很不适应这些来源于真实语料的文章。

学生需要有实效性的答题策略。

本文总结归纳了近几年高考阅读常考的各种文体篇章的基本结构和考题方式，并给出一定的解题技巧指导。

希望学生在最短时间内能够掌握分析篇章的能力，理清文章的脉络，高质量地完成篇章结构题。

关键词：阅读理解；篇章结构；高考英语中图分类号：G633文献标识码：A文章编号：1005-6351(2013)-04-0113-01 一、问题的提出从必修一到必修五的教学中，大部分老师把时间和精力花在讲解课文的语言点和语法分析上，对课文的题目、文体特征和篇章结构分析没有给予足够的重视，所以学生对篇章结构分析能力较弱。

此外，人教版教材中的所选课文的结构比较简单有很强的中文影子，结构明显直白，因此学生面对高考阅读题束手无策，尤其是七选五这种题型，正答率较低。

二、考纲对阅读能力的要求《2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲说明》中语言运用的第二部分指出：阅读文章是我国考生接触外语的最主要途经，因此阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简单文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

理解文章的基本结构是高考考生必须具备的六中阅读能力之一。

《考试说明》对七选五题型命题的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

浅析英语高考阅读理解中的篇章结构题及应对对策所谓篇章结构题，就是指那些针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的发展层次所设置的问题。

这类题主要考查考生对整个文章内在逻辑关系的理解或在论述观点过程中使用的论证方法进行推测、归纳和总结的能力。

在所有英语高考阅读题的类型中，它属于较高层次的考查。

但只要考生们能抓住文章的结构，把握文章的思路，他们就能够更好地解答其他类型的阅读题。

篇章意识的形成能让考生更好地理解甚至欣赏文章，并且促进他们自己构架篇章，表达自己意思的能力，即写作能力。

高考中的篇章结构题可分为两个模式：一种是按照段落的组织方法来考查考生对整篇文章的把握；另一种是按写作方法来考查考生对文章结构的理解。

接下来，我们将讨论一下这两种模式的考查特点以及我们的应对策略。

一、按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构段落是构成文章的基本单位。

文章是段落的扩展，段落是文章的缩影。

文章的主题要通过连贯的段落来表达，段落的展开要和文章的主题保持一致性。

把握住段落的组织方法，文章的结构就一目了然。

1.主要提问形式Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage ？Which of the following shows the organization/structure of the passageHow is the passage organized ？Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage？2.对策（1）学会判断文章体裁浙江英语高考中，阅读文章的常见体裁有：人物事件类、应用说明文类、科普类、社会议论文类等。

不同体裁的文章会有不同的篇章结构。

在英语阅读文章中，对应每种类型文章的篇章结构往往都会有固定的写法。

所以要让考生们学会迅速判定所读文章的类型，然后把固有篇章模式在脑海中展开，使得他们有备而来。

英语高考阅读理解篇章结构分析与解题技巧(二)A【高考要求】英语考试大纲阅读部分要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中等简短文章。

广告类应用文是备受高考青睐的一种文体，其题材内容广泛，如招生、招聘、旅游、电视（体1. Munchies Food Hall does NOT sell ____.A. lambB. beefC. porkD. chicken2. The prices at Munchies are ____.A. lower than usualB. bargain prices for the openingC. lower for two peopleD. lower if you spend ＄21.003. Everyone who eats at Munchies will receive a ____.A. free raffle ticketB. lucky draw couponC. free mealD. balloon and whistle4. I will find out who has won the trip to Western Australia when I __.A. watch Channel 3 televisionB. come down to Munchies at noonC. read The Straits Times on the 15th of JanuaryD. attend the lucky draw at Munchies Food Hall【答案速递】ADAC【文章概述】文章广告类应用文。

文中介绍了在格林布朗大街食品城开业周特色、特价产品，打折事宜，如何赢得奖金和礼物以及促销文艺表演。

【解题提示】该类应用文阅读理解除考查作者意图、目的外，多数是细节理解题；文中通常有较多的剩余信息，没必要逐字逐句地阅读；对文中出现的生词（人名、物名和地名等）更不要去纠缠。

2019年⾼考英语阅读理解⽂章结构图题IntegrityIntegrity is the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right. The concept of integrity has played a key role in moral philosophy throughout history and is promoted in all societies because of its importance to social relations. Individual integrity is vital to society, one that enables people to make use of their capacity for critical reflection, does not force people to take up particular roles and does not encourage individuals to betray each other. Besides, societies can be favorable to the development of individual integrity.Individual integrity can lift up the spirits of the entire society. It can shape the lives of people living in a particular society, the lives of all fellow people and, in its broadest sense, even the destiny(命运) of a nation. By contrast, if those living in the society are corrupt, it could have bad effects, jeopardizing the healthy morality of the society.On the other hand, a society can be favorable to the development of individual integrity. Society expects and requires integrity. A society consisting of people of integrity, and people who never compromise on their principles, could have a positive mark on the personal development of its members. Being a part of such a morally lively community could serve as a basis for absorbing traits of good character. This could be of a distinct advantage to any individuals in the society. However, some social structures are of the wrong sort for some individuals to pursue(追求) integrity. If that is the case, we have to ask questions about the moral nature of society first before raising questions about individual integrity. Questions about integrity may turn out to be about what kind of society it is, rather than about the relationship between individual interests and characteristics of a society. The pursuit of adequate individual integrity often depends, not so much on understanding who one is and what one believes and is committed to, but rather understanding what one’s society is and imagining what it c ould be.Under no circumstances can we underestimate the importance of human integrity in a society. People, who are honest, trustworthy, compassionate and caring, are the factors decisive in the growth of individuals as well as the development of a society.70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?A. B.C. D.CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C：Conclusion参考答案：AThe fight is on to get rid of air pollution in our cities. While the best solution in the long-term would be to ban fossil-fueled cars, that won’t help the millions who are dying in the meantime, and so some high-tech solutions are now on the cards.In March 2016, 10 London pigeons became famous. These pigeons took to the sky from Primrose Hill in north London, wearing backpacks monitoring air pollution. Once in the air, the backpacks sent live air-quality updates to the smartphones of the Londoners below.The pigeons and their backpacks were just the latest in a series of increasingly desperate attempts to monitor and control air pollution. London’s air pollution problem has been getting worse for years, and it often rises to more than three times the European Union’s legal limit.Another promising app roach can be found in Beijing, after China declared a “war against pollution ” in 2014. A seven -metre-high “Smog Free Tower”, designed by a Dutch scientist, D aan Roosegaarde, opened in Beijing’s 751 D Park in September 2016.It is a huge, outdoor air purifier. Airborne particles （颗粒）are sucked into the tower where they receive a positive charge. The particles are then caught by a negatively charged dust-removal plate and clean air is blown out of the other end.“Changing smog particles does not take much current.” Roosegaarde said.As for what to do with the collected PM waste, he has currently set up a business making jewellery out of the waste. Prince Char les owns a set of “smog free” cufflinks(袖扣). If collected on at a big scale, Roosegaarde believes it could even be used as a building material.Mexico City has an alternative solution. Looking to Nature to maximize the surface area of a building, Allison Dring, a Berlin-based architect, managed to catch light and wind from all sides. She is now making a building material by burning agriculturalcrop by-products in the absence of oxygen. “It means that you are actually taking carbon (碳) out of the sky, transforming it into a material, and then using it to build,” says Dring.The fight against outdoor air pollution is really just starting. Even if none of the ideas take off, at least Prince Charles’ cufflinks, the special building surface and pigeons wearing back-packs will have brought the issue more to the public’s attention.66. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A.B.C.D.I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion参考答案：BBenefits of Cross-Country SkiingCross-country skiing can be enjoyed by a wide range of students, from the youngest kindergartners to those secondary students. It is really a fun activity, providing students a gentle workout outside in winter. While having fun, students can gain physical and mental benefits .The physical benefits of cross-country skiing are well known. If we look at Olympic cross- country skiers, we can see the positive effects on the body that result from training for cross-country skiing. The average best female cross-country skier carries 11 percent body fat, and best male skiers carry 5 percent. These percentages are well below the average for people who are considered to be athletic-17 percent for females and 10 percent for males. The high number of calories burned while skiing helps to keep skiers slim in a healthy and attractive way.Cross-country skiing is also an efficient way to exercise a large number of muscles at once. Because skiers use ski poles as a me ans of propulsion, the force that drives skiers forward, the upper body gets much more of workout. Of course, the leg muscles also do their fair share. People who use cross-country skiing as a workout over several weeks will discover that the muscles of their entire body increase in strength.Cross-country skiing on a regular basis has a tremendous effect on a person’s cardiovascular system. In addition to gaining strength in the muscles of the upper and lower body, people who use cross-country skiing as a workout method over several weeks will also discover that their heart is stronger. A strong heart pumps more efficiently, sending out more blood to the muscles with each contraction(收缩). Through weeks of skiing, people often discover that their resting heart rate has decreased. Highly trained Olympic cross-country skiers have resting heart rates between 28 and 40 beats per minute. Compare that to the resting heart rate of the average person, which is 60 to 80 beats per minute!The benefits of cross-country skiing extend beyond overall general health. A lot of evidence exists indicating that regular physical activity increases the release of mood-lifting endorphins (内啡肽) in the body. After one of the energetic and fun skiing lessons, students will be smiling andlaughing; they will be relaxed and in a better mood than when they started class. Students will leave class with a sense of accomplishment, knowing that they have developed new skills in a fun activity.Cross-country skiing is a great way to work the total body. Now more and more students are taking part in this exercise outside during the winter months. They are enjoying it and benefiting from it!66．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A BC DCP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion参考答案：CDRole-Playing in Child DevelopmentPlaying is a key component in the learning process for virtually all of the children. There are various ways in which children play, but one of the most important is role-playing.This involves a child engaging in an activity during which he or she pretends to be another person.Experts on child development believe that role-playing can increase the connections in children’s brains that help them learn. Language skills are some of the most important aspects of learning. When children role-play, they mustwork out steps that need to be taken to complete a task, and create plans to act out astory. These activitiesenable children to develop their oral language skills. They become able toorganize others and to give directions.C hildren’s social skills can also bedeveloped. When engaged in group activities, children have differentroles. Some are leaders while others are followers. At times, the children will disagree, so they must learn to negotiate and compromise with one another, and they must learn to apologize when they have strong arguments or disagreements as well. Children further learn about cooperation and sharing and, hopefully, begin to understand things from another person’s point of view. Besides helping children learn some kinds of skills, role-playing foster s children’s imaginations and can therefore assume a number of forms. For example, boys may pretend to shave like their fathers or perform various tasks around their homes. Girls, meanwhile, often pretend to be mothers to do some daily tasks, particularly if it involves caring for young babies. Sometimeschildren may imagine belonging to a group of superheroes or imitate (模仿) real-life situations. They might dress up andassume different roles. Another example is the performing of stories they read in books, which is also very common when they role-play.Another beneficial aspect of role-playing is that it can help children deal with certain actions that may cause them emotional (情感的) pain, such as the fear they face when going to school for the first time or making a visit to the doctor. If children role-play situations like these beforehand, the fear that they experience when doing these actions in reality frequently lessens. For this reason, experts encourage parents to allow their children to role-play and even to take part in these activities to help their children master their fears.Role-playing can benefit children in many ways. There is no activity for which young children are better prepared than fantasy play. Nothing is more dependable and risk-free, and the dangers are only pretend.70. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?A. B.C. D.I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion参考答案：ADHobbies Help Cure Addiction to the InternetWhile some parents have expressed concerns about the amount of time their children spent surfing the Internet during the summer break from school, it wasn't a problem for Yin Qiming.Instead, the 37-year-old Shanghai resident and his daughter divided their vacation between cyberspace and the 8-year-old's other interests."My daughter has many hobbies and I and her mother respect her choices, so we accompany her to classes she enjoys, such as learning to play the drums and drawing," he said."She loves to play outside with her friends, so she doesn't think the Internet is a must-have thing in her life."Yin added that he rarely imposes a time limit on his daughter's online activity."She sometimes uses WeChat (a popular instant-messaging tool) on my mobile phone, but only to contact her mother," he said. "Once she has her own plans every day and realizes that the internet is just a part of life, she won't become addicted to it."Li Lin, a primary school teacher from Liaoning province, expressed a similar opinion."We do some homework online, including reciting stories, and the children use the Internet frequently every day of their lives," she said, noting that the children's online activity is limited to 30 minutes a day at school."We should make better use of the Internet to provide children with more knowledge and help them to grow up," said Li, whohas a 10-year-old son.The key to preventing children, especially those at primary and middle schools, from becoming addicted to the Internet is to limit the time they spend online and to ensure that theyknow cyberspace cannot replace traditional forms of communication, she said.Mao Feizhu, a psychologist from Fujian province in southeast China, said people overestimate the influence of the internet. "Many people, even some parents, believe the Internet plays a big role in our daily lives, and many things can be completed online, but that's not completely right," she said."We can use social applications to talk or play basketball games, and even share what we are thinking about, but sometimes it's impossible for our emotions to be accurately reflected in this way. What children need is emotional communication and real physical exercise. After all, love cannot be bought on the net," she said.Perhaps, the best way to stop young netizens spending too much time online is to encourage their other interests but also accompany them when they go online: "We should use the Internet, not become its slaves."70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A. B.C. D.I: Introduction CP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point C: Conclusion参考答案：A2017年⼆模DCollege graduation eventually means taking much of your attention in your first job search. This process can be challenging, especially for those students who had second thoughts about their chosen major and intended career path—or those who majored in a field not directly connected to a specific career. If you are in one of these groups, fear not! Although your major, coursework, and academic performance are relevant to landing a job, they are not the only deciding factors on where you can work. So, just how important is your major to your job search?Some majors are tied directly to specific career fields. For example, if you wish to become a teacher, you will likely have needed to complete an education program and eventually sit for a licensing exam. The same applies to majors in nursing. If you did not complete an accredited nursing program, you won’t be able to take the nursing licensure exam. In these cases, successfully completing a specific major is crucial to landing a job in the matching field.Other majors, however, are closely related to career paths but don’t necessarily require a degree in the area. For example, students who majored in finance, math, or statistics may also have the necessary skills to be hired as an accountant. Although social work majors are most prepared to provide case management services to struggling populations, students who majored in psychology or sociology can be just as qualified.Lastly, there are many industries, such as professional sales, education (non-teaching positions), insurance, and customer service management, which hire new graduates from several more majors, looking for more generalized requirements. They may simply want to know the student has comp leted his or her bachelor’s degree, which demonstrates college-level math and writing, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills.Hopefully, as a college student, you were able to do more than just attend classes. Your non-academic experiences can be very influential on your future career as well. Did you work during college, volunteer, or participate in a club or organization? If so, and if you enjoyed these activities, seek out related careers. If you volunteered with a non-profit organization such as a homeless or domestic violence shelter, seek out positions in social services related to case management or victim advocacy(辩护). You may qualify for a position regardless of your major.Although it often seems like your college major alone determines your career fate, this just isn’t the case. It may influence it, but there are other factors that influence your career options as well. If you don’t know what career options to consider based on your major, talk to your faculty or academic advisor. You may be surprised at what opportunities await!70. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?A. B.CPSp3Sp2P2CP1Sp1C. D.CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C：Conclusion参考答案：B7DBoth Males And Females Have Right to Choose Personality Recently, the debate about males' masculinity (男⼦汉⽓概) has been quite heated. Some people think that males should be different from females and show their masculinity while others hold the view that too much emphasis on masculinity can lead to male violence and an excessive desire for power and status. While everyone has his or her own opinions, what really matters is that one should have the right to choose their own personality - whether masculine or feminine. Besides, it is important that everyone should respect other people's choices, andshould not look down upon others because they do not follow the mainstream.One of my college classmates has suffered discrimination owing to his personality and clothes. He is a shy boy with a soft voice and he likes dressing in pink shirts, which makes him a little girlish. Some students often talk in the back, saying that he had no masculinity, and some even doubted that he might be gay. During group activities, some students deliberately alienate him. This drove him crazy. He complained to me, "Personal behavior and clothing are my own choices. Why can't other students respect my choice and tolerate my difference?"Indeed, no one can push others to be manly, but should learn to respect difference. The same goes for females as no one can force females to be feminine.In the traditional concept, females should be gentle and soft. However, in modern society, more and more women are beginning to focus on their own rights, and have their own thoughts. Some women have made extraordinary achievements in some fields. But brave, decisive and independent females with remarkable achievements at work are often labeled as strong women, which has bad implications. Some people will say these females are too strong and lack the femininity women are supposed to have.Meanwhile, females' clothing choices are often judged by others. Women these days often dress for comfort. However, this kind of clothing is criticized for not having female charm. There is even a prejudice that females who dress this way are often not accepted.In modern society, both males and females have the right to choose whether they want to bemasculine or feminine rather than be limited by social stereotypes based on gender. Only in this way can we further harbor the benefits of gender equality and freedom of choice.70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?参考答案：A。