高考英语语法全解-状语从句-while引导状语从句(人教新课标 高三Book9Unit1)
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状语从句状语从句在历年来的高考试题中也是一个测试的热点项目。
对于这一语法项目,应该重点把握以下内容:一、状语从句的分类及引导各类状语从句的从属连词:1.时间状语从句:表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment,the minute), by the time, no sooner ... than, hardly (scarcely) ... when, every time等引导。
2. 原因状语从句:原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词有because, since, as, for,有时候也用now that(既然),seeing that(既然), considering that(照……来看), in that(因为)等。
Now that you have finished the work, you are free to do whatever you like.3. 地点状语从句:引导地点状语从句的连词有where,wherever等。
如:Sit wherever you like. / Make a mark where you have a question.4. 目的状语从句:引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so,so that, in order that,in case / for fear that(以防,以免),lest(以防)等,目的状语从句中的谓语动词前常带有情态动词。
如:Speak clearly, so that / in order that they may understand you.The farmers put up iron fences around the flower garden for fear that the neighbor’s sheep (would) break in.5. 结果状语从句:结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。
高中英语语法-状语从句归纳总结状语从句状语从句可以用不同的连接词来引导,如when、whenever、while、as、before、after、instantly、until、till、by the time、as soon as、hardly…when、no sooner…than、the moment、the minute、XXX等等。
需要注意的是,这些连接词的使用要根据具体情况而定。
时间状语从句时间状语从句可以用when、whenever、while、as、before、after、instantly、until、till、by the time、as soon as、hardly…when、no sooner…than、the moment、the minute、XXX等连接词来引导。
需要注意的是,as和when、while的用法有所不同,有些表示时间的名词短语只能用when引导,如the minute、the moment、every time、the first time等。
地点状语从句地点状语从句可以用where或XXX来引导。
其中,where 表示某一个地方,而XXX则表示任何一个地方。
原因状语从句原因状语从句可以用because、since、for、as、now that等连接词来引导。
需要注意的是,because语气最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。
而as和since则用来说明显而易见的或已为人们所知的原因。
如果由because引导的从句放在句末并且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。
而now that则表示“既然”,需要注意它只能用于现在发生的情况,而since可以用于现在和过去。
条件状语从句条件状语从句可以用if、unless、once、in case、as long as、on n that等连接词来引导。
需要注意的是,多用一般时态,如果表示一般将来的情况,就用一般现在时,如果表示过去将来的情况,就用一般过去时。
状语从句一.分类:种类连接词注意区别:时间状语when/whenever/while/as/before/after/instantly/until/till/bythetime/assoonas/hardly…when/nosooner…than/themoment/theminute/immediately有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句:the?minute,?the?moment,?every?time,?the?first?time例:The?moment?he?reached?the?country,?he?started?his?search.他一到达这个国家,就开始他的探寻工作。
有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句:directly例:Directly?the?master?came?in,?everyone?was?quiet.校长一进来,?大家就安静下来as和when、while:as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。
当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when引导这个从句,不可用as或while。
从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as,不用when或while。
till/until和not…till/until:until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首。
地点状语where//wherever where,表示某一个;wherever,表示任何一个。
原因状语Because/as/since/nowthat/forbecause和since、for、as、nowthat:because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。
当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或since。
由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。
但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
nowthat都表示“既然”nowthat一定要是现在发生的,since可以是现在,也可以是过去和现在。
领兑市安插阳光实验学校中学高三语法专项-状语从句(1)【考点分析】状语从句是每年高考必考的内容,在高考试题中加上其它从句的干扰,以及倒装句,强调句的介入,使得状语从句更为复杂。
1.时间状语从句由下列连词引导:when, while, as, before, after, once, till, until, since, as soon as, now that, hardly…when,scarcely…when, no sooner…than,有一些表示时间的副词(短语)或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句。
如:directly, instantly, immediately, by the time,the moment, the second, the minute, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the last time内容如下:①when, while, as引导的时间状语从句▲as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/ while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。
She came up as I was cooking. (同时)The runners started as the gun went off. (几乎同时)▲when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
It was raining when we arrived. (指时间点)When we were at school, we went to the library every day. (在一段时间内)When we arrived there, the film had already begun. (先后发生)▲while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。
高考英语考前玩转高频语法系列-状语从句状语从句是副词性从句,它在句子中担任状语,修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。
依照修饰的方面,状语从句能够分为以下九种。
1、时间状语从句2、地点状语从句3、缘故状语从句4、目的状语从句5、结果状语从句6、条件状语从句7、方式状语从句8、让步状语从句9、比较状语从句1、时间状语从句【专项训练】:Ⅰ、选择填空:1、YoulikesportsI’dliketoread.A、whenB、whileC、butD、yet2、weweresinging,theteachercamein.A、BeforeB、afterC、AsD、Until3、Iwasabouttoleavemyhousethephonerang.A、whileB、whenC、asD、after4、Theydidnotstopfightingtherewasnoenemyleft.A、untilB、afterC、whenD、since5、Ihavenotseenhimhewenttocollege.A、whenB、beforeC、asD、since6、Itisfivedayswecamehere.A、whenB、beforeC、asD、since7、Itwasnotlonghegottoknowit.A、whenB、beforeC、afterD、until8、Weshallgowearefree.A、wheneverB、whateverC、whereverD、however9、IliveImustservethepeopleheartandsoul.A、WhenB、SolongasC、AssoonasD、Oncondition10、IwasreadinganovelhewaswatchingTV.A、whenB、whileC、beforeD、as11、Putthemedicineyoucaneasilygetit.A、sothatB、whereC、whichD、there12、WewillgothePartywantsustogo.A、whereverB、thereC、totheplaceD、which13、thereisawillthereisaway.A、WhenB、WhereC、WhetherD、How14、Iamgoingyouwentlastweek.A、whereB、whereverC、whenD、theplace15、yougo,youshouldbearthemotherlandinyourmind.A、WhereB、WhereverC、WhateverD、However16、weatherpermits,we’llhaveanouting.A、ForB、ThoughC、WhileD、If17、Youwon’tsucceedharder.A、unlessyouwillworkB、unlessyouworkC、unlessyoudon’tworkD、ifyouwon’twork18、Iwonderifheus,andIthinkifheuswe’llbeabletocompletethetaskaheadoftime.A、helps,helpsB、willhelp,helpsC、helps,willhelpD、willhelp,willhelp19、Idon’tliketobeinterruptedifI.A、speakB、willspeakC、amspeakingD、spoke20、Ifyouthisexperimentyouwillunderstandthetheorybetter.A、willbedoingB、havedoneC、willhavedoneD、woulddo21、IwouldliketodoitIlikeit.A、sinceB、becauseC、becauseofD、nowthat22、everybodyishere,Let’ssetoff.A、SinceB、BecauseC、ForD、After23、Itwashewasillthathewasabsentyesterday.A、becauseB、asC、sinceD、nowthat24、itisraining,wehadbettertakeataxi.A、ForB、AsC、BecauseofD、When25、“Whycan’tyoudoitnow?”“I’mtoobusy.”A、SinceB、AsC、BecauseD、For26、Hemusthavepassedthisway,herearehisfootprints.A、sinceB、becauseofC、nowthatD、for27、everybodyishere,Let’sbeginourmeeting.A、NowthatB、BecauseC、ForD、When28、Hisspeechmadedeepimpressionontheaudiencethattheycouldhardlyforgetit.A、suchaB、soaC、soD、such29、Theyworkedhardtheyfinishedtheirworkaheadoftime.A、soB、sothatC、suchthatD、soasto30、Hewasweakhecouldn’tstandup.A、such,thatB、so,thatC、very,thatD、so,asto31、Theforeignerspokehisinterpretercouldhardlycatchhiswords.A、suchfastthatB、sofastC、sofastthatD、sofastlythat32、Thebookisitgivesawrongideaofthefacts.A、sowritingthatB、suchwrittenthatC、suchwritingthatD、sowrittenthat33、Thehousecostwedidn’tbuyit.A、somuchmoneythatB、somanymoneythatC、suchmuchmoneythatD、suchmanymoneythat34、Itisallofuscandoit.A、soeasyexercisethatB、sucheasyanexerciseC、sucheasyexerciseD、soeasyanexercisethat35、Shehassheremembersallthenamesofthestudentsshehastaught.A、sogoodmemorythatB、suchagoodmemorythatC、suchgoodmemorythatD、goodmemory36、TheystoppedatTianjingtheymightvisittheTVtower.A、soB、becauseC、sothatD、inorder37、Weallgotupearlywemightstartatsix.A、inorderthatB、inordertoC、soD、soasto38、Letthedogloosesothatithavearun.A、shouldB、mustC、couldD、need39、clearlysothatyourteacheryoucorrectly.A、Write,canunderstandB、Havingwritten,canunderstandC、Towrite,couldunderstandD、Writing,willunderstand40、Hestartedearlysothathethereintime.A、couldgetB、gotC、hadgotD、wouldhavegot41、itwaslate,shewentonworking.A、ThoughB、BecauseC、SinceD、Whether42、wefail,wetrying.A、Evenif,don’tstopB、Eventhough,won’tstopC、Even,willnotstopD、Evenalthough,shallneverstop43、thepainwasbad,hedidnotcomplain.A、Although,butB、Though,butC、Though,yetD、Even,still44、physics,helikesmathsbetter.A、AshemuchlikesB、MuchashelikesC、MuchlikesasheD、Likesmuchashe45、telephones,tellhimI’mout.A、NomatterwhoeverB、WhoC、WhoeverD、Anyone46、We’llcarrythereformtotheendhappens.A、nomatterhowB、whateverC、anythingD、nomatterwhich47、Ittakestimetogotherebyplanethanbyship.A、farfewerB、farlessC、muchfewerD、moreless48、Heistallerthaninhisclass.A、othersB、allthestudentsC、anyotheroneD、theother49、itwasfinishedintime.A、AstheworkwasdifficultB、DifficultastheworkwasC、DifficultaswastheworkD、Aswastheworkdifficult50、IamsorryIhavecausedsomuchtrouble.A、thatB、forC、asD、since51、hecame,hewouldbringusalotofflowers.A、EverytimesB、onetimeC、EverytimeD、Onceatime52、I’lltellhimaboutitIseehim.A、assoonasB、sosoonasC、whileD、as53、IhadhardlysatdownthetelephonerangA、thanB、whenC、asD、after54、Sityoulike.A、whereB、attheplaceC、asD、wherever55、hewasn’treadyintime,wewentwithouthim.A、SinceB、AsC、ForD、Becauseof56、Allplantsneedairtheyneedwater.A、likeB、asifC、asD、so57、Workhardyoucansucceed.A、inordertoB、sothatC、forfearthatD、incase58、IfyouIwillgowithyou.A、gotoB、wentC、willD、shouldgo59、Thehardheworks,hewillmake.A、thegreaterB、thegreaterprogressC、andthemoreD、more60、wehavethoughtitover,we’lltakesteps.A、Till,notB、When,noC、Until,anyD、Until,noⅡ、改错1、Itwon’tmatterevenherefuses.2、Jimimaginedthatthewholeworldknewofhisachievements,wheninfactonlyafewpeoplehadheardofit.3、Herealizedthathishousemusthavebeenbrokenintotheminutehegothomeandsawthateverythingwasinamess.4、Hewaslookingforthedictionarywheneverhethoughthemighthaveputit.5、Nomatterifheisfree,hemustgotothelibrary.6、IhavenotmissedaplayoraconcertwhenIwasseventeenyearsold.7、NexttimethatIplantotravelinLondon,I’mgoingtotakeaplane.8、I’mnotgoingtotalkonthepointanyfurther,thoughitisneitherimportantnorveryinteresting.9、MuchsinceIlikeallthebooks,Ican’taffordtobuythem.10、Alicwaswaitingforthebusthenshenoticedathiefrunningoutofashop.11、Ithasbeentwoandahalfmonthsagosinceheleft.12、Thoughtheworkwasdifficult,butwemanagedtofinishitintime.13、ThetestshowsthatJackhasamuchquickermindthananystudentinhisclass.14、HeleftforGuangzhoubytrainlastMonday.Heoughttohavearrived,Ithink..15、Theywrotetothebossinordertheycouldimprovetheirworkingconditions.16、Hegoesfishingwhereverhehastime,whichisnotoften.17、Idon’tknowwhenhecomestomorrow.Ifhecomes,letmeknowatonce.18、Whenyoureadabook,you’dbettermakeamarkthatyouhaveanyquestions.19、Shipsaremuchmoreslowerthanplanesthatfewpeopletakethemonbusiness.20、Shehassuchlittleeducationthatsheisunfitforthejob.【答案】:Ⅰ、1、 B 2、C 3、B 4、A 5、D 6、D7、B 8、A 9、B 10、B 11、B 12、A13、B 14、A 15、B 16、D 17、B 18、B19、C 20、B 21、B 22、A 23、A 24、B 25、C26、D 27、A 28、A 29、B 30、B 31、C 32、D33、A 34、D 35、B 36、C 37、A 38、C 39、A40、A 41、A 42、B 43、C 44、B 45、C 46、B47、B 48、C 49、B 50、A 51、C 52、A 53、B54、D 55、B 56、C 57、B 58、C 59、B 60、D Ⅱ、1、even后加if2、when—while3、minute—moment4、whenever—wherever5、if—whether6、when—since7、that去掉或改为when 8、though—because 9、since—as10、then—when 11、ago去掉12、but去掉13、any后加other 14、 15、order后加that16、wherever—whenever17、第一个comes—willcome〔宾从时态不限〕18、that—where19、more去掉20、such—so。
状语从句1.引导状语从句的连词时间状语从句when(as、while)(当……时候)、since(自从)、before(在……之前)、after(在……之后)、until(till)(直到……才)、whenever(每当)、once (一旦)、every time(每当)、the day(在……那天)、as soon as(一……就)、hardly(scarcely)……when(一……就)、no sooner……than(一……就)、instantly(immediately、directly)(一……就)、the moment(minute、second、instant)(一……就)地点状语从句where(在……地方)、wherever(在任何地方)、every where(在每个地方)原因状语从句because(as、for)(因为)、since(既然)、when(既然)、now(that)(既然)、in that(因为、既然)条件状语从句if(如果)、unless(除非)、as(so)long as(只要)、providing (provided)(that)(假如)、suppose(supposing)(that)(假如)、in case(如果)、only if(如果)、if only(但愿、如果……就好了)、on condition that(条件是)让步状语从句though(although)(虽然)、even if(even though)(即使)、while(虽然、尽管)、whatever(no matter what)(无论如何)、whenever(no matter when)(无论何时)、wherever(no matter where)(无论哪里)、whoever(no matter who)(无论谁)、however(no matter how)(无论怎样)、for all(that)(尽管)、granting(granted) that(即使)、whether……or(不论……还是)、in spite of (despite)the fact that(不管)结果状语从句so that(so、that)(结果)、so(such)……that(如此……以至于)、but that(but)(要不是)目的状语从句so that(so、that)(为了、以使)、lest(以防)、in case(以防、以免)、for fear that(以防)、in order that(为了)比较状语从句than(比……)、as……as(像……一样)、not so(as)……as (不像……一样)、(not)the same as((不)同……一样)、not so as(不如)、(not)such……as((不)如……)方式状语从句as(像……、犹如……)、as if(as though)(好像、仿佛)、the way(……的样子)2、时间状语从句(表示时间的状语从句)①when、whenever、while和aswhen意为“当……时候”,表示某个具体的时间。
专题八 状语从句、定语从句状语从句一、时间状语从句1.before 引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。
常用如下句型: It is long before...(过了好久才……) It is not long before...(过了不久就……)2.since 后面所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧since +瞬间动词过去式从该动作发生时算起since +持续性动词过去式从动作结束时算起It is two years since he joined the army. It is two years since he smoked. 二、地点状语从句多由where 和wherever 引导。
Where there is a will ,there is a way. 二、原因状语从句在表示原因时,because 语气最重,其次是as ,since ,now that ,故在回答why 问句或者在强调句对原因进行强调时,只能用because 。
for 是并列连词,表示推测的理由或者进一步说明,不能放在句首,for 前要用逗号。
—Why were you absent? —Because I was ill. 三、目的状语从句1.so that/in order that 引导的目的状语从句中的谓语动词多用can/could/may/might/will/would +动词。
Please turn off the light so that I can go to sleep. 2.for fear that ,in case ,lest 表示“以防,免得”。
He is working hard for fear that he should fail. 四、条件状语从句1.providing/provided (that)假如,假若Providing (that) no one has further questions ,the meeting will be over. 2.on the understanding that =on condition that 在……条件下I give you money on the understanding that you finish your homework.五、结果状语从句注意such 引导的结果状语从句与定语从句的区别。
高考英语语法复习:八种状语从句的用法状语从句状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。
一、时间状语从句:引导词有after,before,as,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,as soon as,the moment/minute…(一…就),the time,the day,every time,next time,each time,by the time of,no sooner…than(一…就),hardly…when(一…就).例如:Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我.He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了.No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一听到这个消息就哭了.[辨析]when与whilewhen引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的,while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的;在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在这时)”意,这样用的when不能换为while;while有时并不表示时间,而表示对比,意“而”、“却”,when无这样的用法。
例如:When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.[辨析]till与until一般情况下可以互换,但until可以位于句首,till则不能。
while引导的让步状语从句
1. While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. (P. 2)
【用法点拨】
while引导让步状语从句, 多用于句首。
意为“尽管, 虽然”。
例如:
While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones. 尽管我承认他的长处, 但我也看到了他的不足。
While he loves his students, he is very strict with them. 虽然他爱他的学生, 可是他对他们很严格。
【注意】
while用作并列连词时, 意思为“而, 然而”, 表示前后意义上的对比或转折。
例如:
There’s plenty of rain in the southeast, while there’s little in the northeast.
东南部雨量充足,而西北部则很少下雨。
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough. 有些人浪费粮食, 然而有些人却吃不饱。
【真题考例】
(1) _______ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. (2012湖南)
A. While
B. Once
C. If
D. Until
(2) _______ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.
(2011北京)
A. Since
B. Once
C. Unless
D. While
2. At the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games, she took the gold medal in the women’s 10-metre platform, becoming the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time. (P. 8)
【用法点拨】
在本句中,现在分词短语用作伴随状语,修饰句子中谓语表示的主要动作。
伴随状语的特点是:它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,且其逻辑主语一般与句子的主语一致。
例如:
He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.
All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem.
【真题考例】
(1) Tony lent me the money, _______ that I’d do as much for him. (2012全国Ⅱ)
A. hoping
B. to hope
C. hoped
D. having hoped
(2) Pressed from parents, and _______ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. (2012福建)
A. realizing
B. realized
C. to realize
D. being realized
【实战演练】
1. It is estimated that ______ 79% of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
A. approximately
B. absolutely
C. relatively
D. fortunately
2. The walls were not white, but ______ a sort of dirty grey.
A. still
B. fairly
C. quite
D. rather
3. ______ I admit that there are serious problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
A. When
B. Since
C. While
D. Before
4. I lent her money on the understanding ______ she would pay it back the next month.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. who
5. There was a ______ look on his face when he was watching the ______ performance by Liu Qian.
A. fascinated; fascinated
B. fascinating; fascinating
C. fascinated; fascinating
D. fascinating; fascinated
6. Last night everyone could truly see the ______ I have for my job. I am really devoted to the job.
A. passion
B. inspiration
C. consideration
D. devotion
7. The candidate waved his hands to ______ the cheers of the crowd.
A. accomplish
B. adjust
C. admit
D. acknowledge
8. I regret ______ you that I will not be able to meet you at the airport on time,for I am too busy at the present time.
A. informing
B. having informed
C. to inform
D. informed
9. Indeed, China has arrived at a point ______ its impact on the global economy is important.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. what
10. We urge that every student in our school ______ his best to prepare for the coming college entrance examinations.
A. shall do
B. does
C. do
D. would do
11. The movie, in which he played a thief, ______ him great fame.
A. attained
B. achieved
C. obtained
D. accomplished
Key: 1-5 ADCBC 6-11 ADCBCC。