人教版高考英语BOOK 5 UNIT 1 词汇知识清单

Book 5 Unit 1 Great Scientists一、重点词汇总结1.put forward:捉出（计划、建议等）；将…捉前；把钟表拨快He put forward a good plan for this project.他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。

The match has been put forward to 1:30.比赛已经提前至lj一点半举彳亍。

Put the clock forward by ten minutes.把钟表拨快十分钟。

关联词语：put away:收起来；贮存，储蓄put down:放下；写下，记下put off: 推迟；延期put on:穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）e.g. put on weight:增加了体重put on a new play:上演新戏剧put up:张贴；撑开（帐篷）e.g. put up a poster put up a tent:搭起帐篷2.conclude: v.作结论，断定（conclusion: n.结论）The jury concluded that he was guilty.陪审团认定他有罪。

习惯搭配:draw a conclusion 作出结论3.defeat vt.打败，击败，战胜；使（希望，计划等）失败，挫败；阻挠，使无效He finally conceded defeat.他最终承认了失败。

区别：defeat, conquer, overcomedefeat指“赢得胜利二尤其指“军事上的胜科\ e.g. defeat the enemy打败敌人。

conquer指“征服J "战胜二特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制"，e.g. conquer natureo overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤捋。

感情”而言，e.g. overcome difficulties4.attend: v. 1） to be present at; go to （meeting, conference, lecture...）出席；参力n He decided to attend the meeting himself.他决定亲口赴会。

Book 5 Unit 1 Great Scientists1. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. with this extra evidence 有了这个额外的证据；with certainty肯定地，有把握地在句中作状语，相当于副词.that 引导宾语从句polluted 过去分词作定语2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.terrified 过去分词作定语every time 短语充当连词作用，还有the moment/ minute /second; the first / second …last time; immediately/instantly/ directlyeg: The first time I went abroad I could hardly understand what the foreigners said.The moment I saw him, I knew what had happened.3. It seemed that the water was to blame.be﹢动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事。

be to blame 应该负责；应受责备eg: No one is to leave this building without the permission of the police.Y ou are not to drop litter in this park. 公园里不许乱丢垃圾。

Who is to blame for the fire?Who is to be responsible for this?4. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.only ﹢加状语放于句首时，主句用部分倒装。

1. scie ntist scie nee scie ntific2. know about 了解know of 听说过3. find/ find out/ discover/ invent4. explain sth. to sb5. be characteristic of sb/ sth6. pass sth from …从…处传来，传下pass by 路过，经过…pass dow n…传下去pass on 传递，传授7. the way of doing sth =the way to do做某事的方法8. put forward 提出建议，推荐某人或者自己任职，提名；时钟往前拨9. by the way 顺便说by way of …通过… 的方法lose one' s way 迷路no way没门，别想feel one' s way摸索着走谨慎从事on one s way to … 在去……的路上in this way=by this means =with this method用这种方法10. put away 抛弃;舍弃put down写下来；记入名单put on 穿上；戴上；增加put off 耽误；延期put out 熄灭（灯）;扑灭（火） put up 建立;建造put up with… 忍受…11. arrive at / come to / draw /reach a con clusi on12. win / beat /defeatwin “赢得，获胜”，后接奖品，奖金,名誉, 财产beat “击败,战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人defeat “击败，战胜”，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人，（此用法同beat）,疾病等。

13. be expert at/in sth 某方面的专家14. atte nd注意；照看，照顾；参加attendance n.照顾，出席atte nd school 上学atte nd a lecture 听讲座atte nd a weddi ng 出席婚礼15. atte nd to处理,办理I have some important things to atte nd to. 照顾，照料；Are you being attended to ?先生，有人接待你吗？专心,注意If you don ' t attend to the teacher you ' llnever learn anything.16. expose A to B 使A 暴露于BA be exposed toB A 暴露于B17. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.)deadly adj.致命的18. deadly adv.(1) very极度；非常；十分deadly serious 十分认真(2) like death 死一般地deadly pale死一般苍白19. every time每当每次(连词连接句子)注意:immediately, the moment, directly, instantly 等与every time 一样,者E可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为一…..就。

Book5重点知识Unit11．vt. & vi.结束；推断出→n．结论；结束2．vt.打败；战胜3．vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光4．n．挑战vt.向……挑战5．vt.吸收；吸引；使专心6．vt.污染；弄脏→pollution n．污染7．vt.宣布；通告→announcement 8．vt.命令；指示→instructions n．说明9．vt.建设；修建→n．建设10．vt. & vi.捐献；贡献→contribution n．1．提出2．得出结论3．使显露；暴露4．将……和……联系或连接起来5．______ 除……之外；此外1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people _______ ___（患）cholera.2. It seemed that the water _______ _____ ________. 看来水是罪魁祸水。

3.To ______（防止）this ________ _________（发生）again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies _____ _____________（检查）.4. ______ ___（只有）you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky______ ______（讲得通）.5.Yet Copernicus’ theory is now the basis____ _______ all our ideas of the universe are built.Unit21．_________vi.组成；在于；一致→__________ adj.一致的2．__________ vt.澄清；阐明3．_________ vt.完成；达到；实现4．____________n．便利；方便→_________ adj.方便的5．_____ vt.吸引；引起注意→_________ n．吸引力→_______ adj.有吸引力的6．_____________ n．收藏品；珍藏；收集→__________ vt.收集7．____________ n．描写；描述→___________ vt.描述8．_______________ n．可能性9．____________n．vi.争吵；；吵架10．________ vt.筹备；安排→______________ n．安排1．__________由…组成2．_________把…分成3．_______________ 摆脱(束缚)；脱离4．________________值得赞扬；在……名下5．__________ 省去；遗漏；不考虑6．_____________ 代替7．____________(机器)损坏；破坏8.______________为了方便起见1．Now when people ______ ____（谈到）England you find Wales_________ ____ _____（也包括在内）.2. ____ _____ ______（值得赞扬的是）,the four countries ___ ________（的确合作）together in some areas.3. England is the largest of the four countries, and _____ __________（为了方便）it is ______ ________ _____（大致分为）three zones.4. ______ ______（担心）the time___________（可用的）, Zhang Pingyu had____ ___ _____ ___ （列表）the sites she wanted to see in London.5. ___ ____ ______ _________（令他非常惊讶的是）, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen’s jewels ______（守护）by special royal soldiers who, ____ _______ ___________（在特殊场合）, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.Unit31．n．方面，层面2．vt.给……以印象→n．印象3．n．& adj.瞬间，片刻；立即的4．adj.筋疲力尽的5．vt.容忍6. 时常发生的，连续不断的_______________7.环境____________→_________________周围的8.调整，调节____________→v. ______________9.开关，转换_________________ 10.代表；典型的_______________1．拿起；接受；开始；继续_______________ 2．向四面八方______________3．看见/看不见……______________4．打扫；横扫________5．移动；溜进……_______ 6．依靠，依赖__________7．加速________ 8.恢复; 复原___________1. _____ ______ _____（因……出名）their expertise, his parents' company, called "Future Tours", transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.2. Hit by __ _____ ___(缺乏)fresh air, my head ached.3. However, I _____ _______ ____（看不见）Wang Ping when we reached ________ looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by ____ ____ __________（向四面八方）.4. ____________（筋疲力尽）, I _____ _______（溜进）bed and fell fast asleep.5. Well, now there's a system where the waste is _____ ___ (处理)using the principles of ecology.Unit41．vt.告知；通知2．vt.获得；学到3．vt.集中；聚集4．vt.指责；控告5．vt.赞成；认可；批准→______________n．赞成，认可6．n．职业；专业→__________adj. n.专业的，专业人员7．adv.故意地 8．n．约会；任命9.________不同寻常的，独特的10.________彻底的，详尽的1.全神贯注于 _______________2.指控或控告 _______________3.对……非常敏感__________4.诀窍______________5.提前 ______________1.You’ll find your colleagues very _____ ____ (渴望)assist you, so you may be able to ___________ _______(集中注意力在)photography later if you are interested.2. Only if you ask many different questions ______ _____ ______(你将获得)all the information you need to know.3. We say a good journalist must have ____ _____ ______ _____(敏感的嗅觉)a story.4. Have you ever had a case _______somebody________(控告) your journalists ___getting the wrong end of the stick？5. So we _________ ____ ________(安排了一次采访) between the footballer and the man_______ ___ _______ ____ (被认为贿赂他).Unit51．_________ n.压力，挤压2．n．对待；论述；疗法3．n．救护车4．adj.暂时的，临时的5．n．仪式；典礼；礼仪6．n．勇敢，勇气7. 屏障8. 复杂的9. 变化，多样性→adj. vt.10.adj.难以忍受的1．________在适当的位置；适当2．_________________区别对待；有影响3．_______________ 反复，多次4．__________急救5.___________________找到1.It __________(防止)your body _______losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your______ ___ _____(触觉).2. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, __________ ____(根据)which layers of the skin are burned.3.For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, _______ ________(挤出水)and placing them on the burned area ____ ____ _____ _______(反复)for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.4. _ _____（毫无疑问）John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.5. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can .（的确发挥重要的作用）.。

必修5 Unit1 Great scientistsPart 1. Warming up1.explain及物动词（vt.）解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。

Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。

不及物动词（vi.）解释;说明;辩解I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。

2.characteristicn. 特征；特性Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。

3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward 提出（建议等）；提名;提前，把时钟往前拨He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。

May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席？[归纳拓展]put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期put up 建造；举起；张贴put on 穿上put away 收好选词填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out）①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful.②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road.③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center.④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day.⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today.Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific researchhow to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。

阅读词汇请匹配下列单词与其词义1．characteristic A．n.镭2．Radium B．n.特征；特性3．analyse C．n.医生；内科医师4．Physician D．n.爆发；发作5．outbreak E．vt.分析6．chart F．n.询问7．enquiry G．n.泵；抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水) 8．neighbourhood H．n.图表9．pump I．n.烟火(燃放)10．firework J．n.附近；邻近答案 1.B 2.A 3.E 4.C 5.D 6.H 7.F 8.J 9.G 10.I高频词汇请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1．defeat the enemy打败敌人2．attend a meeting出席会议3．expose students to art使学生接触艺术4．absorb moisture from the air从空气中吸收水分5．foresee the consequences预见到后果6．pollute the rivers污染河流7．suspect him to be ill猜想他病了8．a cautious driver一位谨慎的司机9．be positive about our future对我们的未来有把握10．an expert on foreign affairs外交专家11．become enthusiastic over a project热衷于一个项目12．a wonderful cure for colds治感冒的妙法13．bear the blame承担责任14．hold the machine by its handle抓住这台机器的柄拓展词汇请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific(science) progress.(2018·浙江6月卷)2．Williams, a well－known painter(paint), came to see him work.(2017·浙江6月卷)3．You must read the instructions (instruct) before taking the medicine.4．Her proposal met with continual rejections (reject), which made her mad.5．We can come to the conclusion (conclude) that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.6．I get so absorbed (absorb) in doing something that I am unaware of things happening round me.7．The workers are constructing the bridge damaged by the flood,。