会计学基础英文课件(8)(20200617215709)

Salaries payable
Unearned consulting revenue
C. Taylor, Capital
C. Taylor, Withdrawals
200
Consulting revenue
Rental revenue
Depreciation expense-Equipment
375
Debit
Cash
$ 4,350
Accounts receivable
1,800
Supplies
8,670
Prepaid insurance
2,300
Equipment
26,000
Accumulated depreciation-Equip.
Accounts payable
Salaries payable
8,670
Prepaid insurance
2,300
Equipment
26,000
Accumulated depreciation-Equip.
Accounts payable
Salaries payable
Unearned consulting revenue
C. Taylor, Capital
balance columns
4 Extend adjusted trial balance amounts to the F/S
columns
5 Total F/S columns, compute net income or loss, and
complete the worksheet
4-7
Unearned consulting revenue

管理当局 Securities and Exchange Commission 美国的
证券交易委员会
Forms of Business Organizations
The element of owners’ equity will differ depending on the nature of the organization. A business enterprise may be organized as: a single proprietorship a partnership a corporation.
(4) Unlimited Liabilities
Each partner is personally responsible for all the debts of the firm. The lack of any ceiling on the liability of a partner may deter a wealthy person from entering a partnership.
A proprietorship itself is not subject to taxation of income. Rather, the income or loss derived from the proprietorship is included and taxed in the personal tax return of the proprietor.
Chapter 8
Unit 1 Forms of Business Organizations Unit 2 Accounting for Owners’ Equity in
Different Forms of Organizations

VS
用于发出指示、命令或请求，在会计英语中常用于指示、建议或要求执行某些操作。
示例
Please ensure that all financial transactions are accurately recorded.（请确保所有财务交易都准确记录。）
祈使句结构
05
Accounting English Reading and Writing
Accounting English writing often requires the ability to present complex information in a structured and coherent manner. Students should have strong organizational skills, using headings, subheadings, and tables to guide the reader through the information.
Comprehension of financial reports: This skill involves the ability to read and understand financial reports such as balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements. It requires knowledge of accounting vocabulary and concepts to understand the information presented in these reports.
Financial Statements

When does REMM quit from a firm?
Seek different chance to maximize his own interests;
When we define human being as REMM, we have to solve the fundamental issue:
The value must be fundamental and the society could not go without;
Another way to explain: Darwinism;
Natural selection and the fittest survive;
6
The Nature of Firm
business;
DEB: the symbol of accounting science;
18
The Evolution of Accounting
From Bookkeeping to Financial Accounting
Capital market: accounting information is widely circulated;
Decision making: much more complicated;
Management Accounting is “invented”;
21
The Evolution of Accounting
From commodity market to capital market; The developing of capital market raises two
REMMs have to find efficient ways to develop and maintain trust;

Accounting: Information for Decision Making
• The primary objective of accounting – to provide information that is useful for making decisions.
Users of Accounting Information
why they need the information; • Understand the types of accounting information; • Have a general idea of the professional fields of
accounting and their duties. • Learn the accounting terms in this chapter and use them
Suggestions for study
• Previewing the text is very important.
• 《An English –Chinese Dictionary of Accounting》，《英汉双解财会词典》，外 语教学与研究出版社， [英] P.H. Collin, Adrian Joliffe 编，张炜等译，2002年9 月第1版
– Company – Corporation
Definition of Accounting
• Accounting is an information system designed to record, classify and summarize systematically significant financial and other economic information about business firms, and analyses and interprets its results, with monetary unit as its main criterion.

completion.
Special Terms
1. deliver / delivery 交货、交割,指在交易过程中,货物或证券由一方转交于 另一方。在交货之前货物或证券的所有权未发生转移,在交割后所有权已经转移 ,即持有商品或证券的利益与风险都已转移。此时通常被认为是收入过程基本完 成的时点。 2. real estate broker 不动产经纪人,指房地产的卖主和买主之间的交易中介 人,向买主或卖主或双方收取一定的佣金。 3. commission 佣金,即手续费,指按业务活动量(如销售额)给予推销员或经纪 人的报酬。
Special Terms
4. government bond 政府债券、公债。由政府发行的长期债券,期限通常在 5年以上。 5. realization principle 实现原则,也称为收入实现原则,是用来指导收入确认 的会计原则。它的基本含义是,只有当下列条件都得到满足时,才能够在账面上 反映收入:企业已将商品所有权上的主要风险和报酬转移给购货方;企业没有保 留对商品的继续管理权或控制权;与交易相关的经济利益能够流入企业;相关的 收入和成本能够可靠地计量。 6. quoted prices 牌价,指证券交易所公布的证券或商品的交易价格。课文中 指某些产品虽然没有销售,但其销售没有困难,而且交易金额可以预先知悉。
Unit 2 Expenses
➢An expense always causes a decrease in owners'equity. The related changes in the accounting equation can be either (1)a decrease in assets, or (2)an increase in liabilities. An expense reduces assets if payment occurs at the time that the expense is recorded or if payment has been made in advance. If the expense will not be paid until later, as, for example, the purchase of advertising services on account, the recording of the expense will be accompanied by an increase in liabilities.

Classified Financial Statements Comparative Financial Statements
Amounts from several years appear side by side.
Consolidated Financial Statements
Information for the parent and subsidiary are presented.
Example
Let s look at the asset section of Clover Corporation s comparative balance sheet and income statement for 2001 and 2000. Compute the dollar change and the percentage for cash.
Determined by analyzing the financial statements.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
?The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999
Slide 14-4
Financial Statements are Designed for Analysis
Slide 14-1
Chapter 14
Financial Statement Analysis
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
?The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999
Slide 14-2
Purpose of Analysis
Financial statement analysis helps users make better decisions.

continued
Factors influencing new share issue price include:
o Anticipated future earnings o Expected dividend rate per share o Current financial position o Current state of the economy o Current state of the securities market
7
Share issue considerations
Issue of Shares
A company can issue ordinary shares
o Directly to investors, or o Indirectly through an underwriter (such as an
o The total amount of cash and other assets paid to the company by shareholders
o Share may be ordinary or preference shares
10
Shareholders’ equity
5
Forming a company
Application filed with ASIC showing
o Name and purpose of company o Number and types of shares o Names of incorporators
Company constitution regulates internal management
4
Characteristics of a

managers and other users of its financial statements.The
accounts within the chart of accounts are numbered for use
as references.
Balance Sheet Accounts
accounts.
Prepare an unadjusted trial
balance and explain how it can be used to discover errors.
Using Accounts to Record Transactions
As a result,accounting systems are designed to show the increases and decreases in each accounting equation element as a separate record.This record is
accounts.
Describe and illustrate
journalizing transaction using the double-entry
accounting system.
Describe and illustrate the journalizing and
posting of transactions to
Examples ——wages expense, rent expense, utilities expense, supplies expense, and miscellaneous expense.
A chart of accounts should meet the needs of a company’s

• entry • 会计分录
• general journal • 普通日记账
• journalizing • 记日记账
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• ledger • 分类账
• posting • 过账
• special journals • 特种日记账
• source document • 原始凭证
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• accounting period • 会计分期
• cash-basis • 现金收付制
• accrual-basis • 权责发生制（应计制）
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• cost principle • 成本原则
• realization principle • 实现原则
• matching principle • 配比原则
• adjusted trial balance • 调整后试算平衡
• contra-asset account • 备抵账户
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• closing entries • 结账分录
• capital stock • 股本
• depreciation expense • 折旧费用
• post-closing trial balance • 结账后试算平衡
• objective principle • 客观性原则
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• consistency principle • 一致性原则
• full disclosure • 充分反映
• materiality • 重要性
• conservatism • 稳健性
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Chapter 3
• subsidiary ledgers • 明细分类账