高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析)

英语中并列句的四种类型一、联合关系常用的连词有and( 同，和), when(=and just at this time 就在这时，然后), not only…but (also)…( 不仅……而且…… ), neither…nor… （既不……也不……）等。

如：He helps me and I help him. 他帮我，我帮他。

He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English. 他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。

I was just leaving when the telephone rang. 我正要离开，电话铃响了。

注：when 作这种用法时，主要用于was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were on the point of doing sth. when sth./sb. did 等句型中，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一事”。

二、选择关系常用的连词有or( 或者，否则), otherwise( 否则), or else( 否则), either...or( 不是……就是) 。

如：Hurry up, or (else) you’ll be late. 快点，否则就会迟到了。

Will he still be there or will he have gone away? 你那时还在那里还是可能已经走了？You must go early, otherwise you will miss the bus. 你好得早点走，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。

Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。

高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析)-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题十一：并列句与状语从句状语从句是比较重要的语法项目。

《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将状语从句列为必考项。

全国卷新课标Ⅰ对状语从句的考查一般在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。

2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。

2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第43题（完形填空）考查了状语从句引导词Since/Although /As /If的选择。

2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。

一、并列句(一) 并列连词①They come from the same country，and they are good friends.②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all day withher.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours.⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?规律总结：1．表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。

2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而，但是), while(然而)等。

3．表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。

4．表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。

并列句与状语从句2018.01 Ⅰ.根据语境填入适当的连词1．Bringtheflowersintoawarmroom__and__they'llsoonopen.2．OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway__when__mydaughter heardcriesforhelp.3．Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday，__but/yet__hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.4．Ithenrealizedshehadnoarms__or__legs,justahead,neckandtorso.5．Hetooktheoldmannotjustacrosstheriver,__but__tohishome.6．...thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasin gpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstable__or__indecline.7．Standoverthere__and__you'llbeabletoseetheoilpaintingbetter.8．Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,__for__hiseyesightwasbeginningtofa il.9．Startoutrightaway,__or__you'llmissthefirsttrain.10．Wewereswimminginthelake__when__suddenlythestormstarted.11．WearegoingtothebookstoreinJohn'scar.Youcancomewithus__or__youcan meetustherelater.12．Atlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshade__and_ _satdowntoeatourpicniclunch.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．(2014·江苏，21改编)Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture__though/although__historycannotbechang ed.解析：对比分析两个句子的意思可知从句表达的意思是“虽然；尽管”。

2021届高考二轮英语语法专训11. 并列句和状语从句重点一并列句★★★★★并列句中使用的连词是高考考查的重点，考生要熟练掌握常考并列连词的用法。

1．and表示顺承以及并列关系，还可以用于固定句式：“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”。

2．but表示转折关系，不能与although和though连用。

3．so为表示因果关系的连词，一般前一句子多为后面句子存在的原因，so后面的句子为结果，so不能和表示原因的从属连词because连用。

4．or“或者”为表示选择关系的连词，or还可译为“否则”，可用于句型：“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”。

5．利用连词词组both ... and ...、neither ... nor ...、not only ... but also ...、either ... or ...、not ... but ...特殊搭配解题。

6．when/while用作并列连词when和while可做并列连词。

when表示“在那时，此时突然”；while表示“然而，而”，表对比或转折关系。

并列连词when常用于以下句型中：...was/were doing ...when ...……正在做……突然……...was/were about to do ...when ...……刚要做……突然……...was/were on the point of doing ...when ...……刚要做……突然……...had just done ...when ...……刚/一……就……·The children were playing when they heard the sound of a motorbike.孩子们正在玩耍，这时他们听见了摩托车的声音。

·He is strong while his brother is weak.他很强壮而他哥哥却很虚弱。

(单句填空)1．(2018·浙江高考)Small amounts of caffeine—a cup ________ two of coffee a day—seem safe for most people.答案与解析or句意：对于大多数人来说，少量的咖啡因——每天一杯或者两杯咖啡似乎是安全的。

专题3并列句和状语从句一、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。

在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。

注意：when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时；突然”，常用于下列句式：sb.be about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...(某人正要做某事，突然……)；sb.be doing sth.when ...(某人正在做某事，突然……)；sb.had just done sth.when ...(某人刚做完某事，突然……)。

He was about to go out when the telephone rang.他正要出去，电话铃突然响了。

He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。

单句语法填空1．At school，some students are active while some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.2．The other day I was doing some grocery shopping when a man walked toward a group of us at the checkout stand.3．Follow your doctor’s advice，or your cough will get worse.4．John plays basketball well，but/yet his favorite sport is badminton.二、状语从句考点一让步状语从句单句语法填空1．The athletes，especially the winners，should remain modest whatever rapid progress they have made.2．Much as/though I have traveled，I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. 3．Don’t trust him，no matter what he says.4．While/Although/Though I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 5．I’ll do it，even if/though it takes me all the afternoon.6．We’ll go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or not.7．No matter how hard the work is，you’d better try to do it well.考点二时间状语从句单句语法填空1．Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.2．Air pollution is getting more and more serious，so we must take action before it is too late. 3．He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.4．While watching TV，children do not merely absorb words and images.5．As he grew older，he became less active.考点三地点状语从句和条件状语从句单句语法填空1．Well，I’m working on a huge assignment and if I don’t do well，that will ruin my reputation as an excellent accountant!2．He will never make progress in math unless he really wants to learn it.3．Wherever she goes，there are crowds of people waiting to see her.4．Supposing/Suppose(suppose) that they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help?5．They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.6．My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy.考点四其他状语从句单句语法填空1．If the guests are seated at the table，the hosts may serve the food，or it may be passed so that each person may help himself.2．Enjoying a fresh morning is important because/as it can set the mood for the rest of the day. 3．And he speaks so slowly and strangely that it takes patience to understand what he is saying. 4．They treat her as though/if she were their daughter.状语从句的省略1．时间、让步、方式、地点状语从句的省略如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。

并列句和状语从句考点透析
答案：
1.状语从句的考查形式灵活，覆盖面广泛，是高考中的重要考查项目。

考生容易混淆的连词是考查的重点，主要考查内容有条件状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句和地点状语从句，也时而涉及到结果状语从句和原因状语从句等。

2.综合性考查将会加强，如状语从句和定语从句、名词性从句的交叉考查。

3.并列句是由并列连词将两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起构成的句子.并列连词主要是用来表示并列关系、选择关系、因果推理关系等，也可用来连接平行的词、词组或分句。

而状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果等方面的关系。

单项填空题型中，该部分是必考内容。

并列连词在这个题型中重点考查and，but，or，so等;状语从句的考查主要集中在条件状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句和结果状语从句等中。

解决并列句和状语从句的关键是找出句子之间或从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。

202X年高考英语一轮复习语法专题并列句和状语从句一、并列句（Coordination）并列句是由两个或多个相互独立的句子通过并列连词（and, but, or, so, yet等）连接而成的句子结构。

并列句常用于表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系等。

1. 表示并列关系- I like to play basketball, and my brother likes to play soccer.（我喜欢打篮球，我弟喜欢踢足球。

）- She is a doctor, but her husband is a lawyer.（她是一名医生，但她丈夫是一名律师。

）- We can go to the park or to the beach.（我们可以去公园或者去海滩。

）2. 表示转折关系- He wanted to go to the movie, but he didn't have enough money.（他想去看电影，但是他没钱。

）- She can be strict sometimes, yet she is very kind.（她有时候可以很严厉，然而她非常善良。

）第1页/共4页3. 表示选择关系- You can have tea or coffee, whichever you prefer.（你可以喝茶或者咖啡，无论你喜欢哪个。

）- You can either study or relax, it's up to you.（你可以要么学习要么放松，由你决定。

）4. 表示因果关系- He worked hard, so he passed the exam.（他努力学习，所以他通过了考试。

）- She missed the bus, therefore she had to walk home.（她错过了公交车，因此她不得不步行回家。

）二、状语从句（Adverbial Clauses）状语从句是由一个从属连词引导的、在句中充当状语的句子。

专题3并列句和状语从句考向1并列句中的并列连词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.It was time for her to have a new baby，and it was also time for the young panda to be independent.(2016·四川)解析句意为：是时候再生一个孩子了，熊猫宝宝也到独立的时候了。

It was time for...和it was also time for...之间是并列关系，故用and连接。

2.But the river wasn’t changed in a few days or even a few months.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)解析 a few days和a few months为选择关系，因此要用or连接。

3.We were told that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week，but for the week after.(2014·广东) 解析not...but...为固定结构，表示“不是……而是……”。

4.So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much nor too little.”(2013·广东)解析neither...nor...既不……也不……，为固定搭配。

Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders，sobut/yet once I started the car，my mind went blank.(2017·全国Ⅰ)解析根据前后句意思可知这里表示转折概念，并非因果，所以把so改为but或yet。

高考英语语法专题讲与练◉专题十一状语从句状语从句分类状语从句名称连接词时间状语从句when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till/until, since, once, as soon as/the moment, by the time, no sooner…than, hardly…when, every time等地点状语从句where和wherever条件状语从句if, unless, as long as, on condition that, if only(=if)原因状语从句because, since, as, now that(既然)结果状语从句so that(从句谓语动词一般没有情态动词), so…that, such…that目的状语从句so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)让步状语从句although, though, as(常用倒装结构), even if/though, however, whatever,whether…or, no matter who(when, what, where…)等比较状语从句than, as…as, the more…the more方式状语从句as, as if/though, the way, rather than等一、时间状语从句1. while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别(1) while引导的状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性动词。

谓语动词多为进行时或状态动词的一般时。

此时可与when互换。

如：Please keep quiet while/when others are studying. 当别人正在学习时，请保持安静。

(2) when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指时间点，等于“at the time”，即when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是瞬间的，也可以是持续性的。

考点详解【考点解读】重点把握引导并列句和时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词的灵活运用。

掌握状语从句的时态、语态、语气和省略【命题规律】考查考生对不同类型从句的辨别能力，与其他从句、句型结合起来一起考查近年高考的发展趋向：从属连词在具体语境中的运用，及从属连词词义的延伸。

设问角度越来越多样化。

【备考策略】考生要具备全面的状语从句的知识，熟悉每个连接词的语义和运用特征，注意把握并列连词的用法，研读近几年高考题中的状语从句，提高运用状语从句的能力。

考向1并列句一、并列连词1.表示并列关系的连词：and:可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词/短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。

☞He helps me and I help him.他帮我，我帮他。

both…and：＂两个都……＂，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。

☞Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.neither…nor:＂既不……也不……＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。

连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与nor后的部分保持一致。

☞Neither he nor I am right.not only…but also:＂不仅……而且……＂，强调后者；引导并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。

☞Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.2.表示选择关系的连词：or：用于否定句中连接并列成分，表示＂和，与＂；用于＂祈使句+or+陈述句＂中，意为＂否则，要不然＂。

☞The baby is too young.He can’t speak or walk.either…or…：＂要么……要么＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。

连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与or 后的部分保持一致。

解密11并列句和状语从句考点详解【考点解读】重点把握引导并列句和时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词的灵活运用。

掌握状语从句的时态、语态、语气和省略【命题规律】考查考生对不同类型从句的辨别能力，与其他从句、句型结合起来一起考查近年高考的发展趋向：从属连词在具体语境中的运用，及从属连词词义的延伸。

设问角度越来越多样化。

【备考策略】考生要具备全面的状语从句的知识，熟悉每个连接词的语义和运用特征，注意把握并列连词的用法，研读近几年高考题中的状语从句，提高运用状语从句的能力。

考向1 并列句一、并列连词1.表示并列关系的连词：and: 可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词/短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。

☞He helps me and I help him. 他帮我，我帮他。

both…and：＂两个都……＂，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。

☞Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.neither…nor: ＂既不……也不……＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。

连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与nor后的部分保持一致。

☞Neither he nor I am right.not only…but also: ＂不仅……而且……＂，强调后者；引导并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。

☞Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.2. 表示选择关系的连词：or ：用于否定句中连接并列成分，表示＂和，与＂；用于＂祈使句+or+陈述句＂中，意为＂否则，要不然＂。

☞The baby is too young. He can ’t speak or walk.either…or …：＂要么……要么＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。

第二部分基础语法突破专题十一并列句和状语从句，考点清单并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成。

在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。

并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。

并列连词主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。

一、表示并列关系的连词表示并列关系的连词有and,both…and…,not…but…, not only...but also,neither・・・nor・・等。

I came here in2001,and I have lived here ever since.Not only was the city polluted but also the streets were crowded.二、表示选择关系的连词表示选择关系的连词有or,either・・・or・・・等。

Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.三、表示转折关系的连词表示转折关系的连词有but,yet,while等。

It's an old car,but it's very reliable.I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.八、方式状语从句方式状语从句用as,as if/though引导。

as if/though 引导的从句常用虚拟语气（但是当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时,as if从句要用陈述语气）。

The worker finished his work as the boss told him.She treats her husband as if he were a stranger.九、比较状语从句比较状语从句由as,than引导，从句中通常省略与主句相同的部分，或用助动词do,does,did代替与主句部分相同的谓语。

There are as many people in our town as(there are) in your town.She's a better player than(she was)last year.。

专题十并列句与状语从句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。

在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。

1．转折/对比并列连词连接的并列句常见的表示转折关系的并列连词包括but, while(而)等。

其中，while连接并列句时，两分句之间是对比关系。

It often rains in the south, while it seldom rains in the north.2．联合并列连词连接的并列句常用的表示平行或对等关系的联合并列连词有and, not only ... but (also), neither ...nor等。

Not only did he speak more correctly, but (also) he spoke more easily.3．选择并列连词(or, either ... or, not ...but ...等) 连接的并列句Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?4．因果并列连词(for, so等)连接的并列句He must have been caught in the rain, for he is wet all over.5．特殊并列连词及并列句(1)when可用于并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。

常用下列句式：①be about to do sth. when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”②be on the point of doing sth. when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”③be doing sth. when ...“正在做某事，这时突然……”④had done sth. when ...“刚做了某事，这时突然……”He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.(2)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。