药理学英文名词PPT课件

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药理学英文课件：Antiparkinsonism Drugs

4. Effective on tremor
Ξ2 anti Alzheimer'disease
AchEI Ach receptor Dilation brain vessel Enhance metabolism drug other
Clinical symptom of Parkinson's disease 1. skeletal rigidity 2. move bradykinesia 3. tremor resting tremor
（一）L- Dopa
[Effects and Clinical Uses] 1. Antiparkinsonian
C20 ξ1 Antiparkinsonism
Drugs
Etiological factor
substantia nigra and striatum:
Dopaminergic nerve
Cholinergic nerve
Groups of Drugs
Dopamine drugs Central anticholinergic drugs
Artane
Central anticholinergic
[ACTION AND USES]
1. Artane is used to treat mild Parkinsonism patients, it has less effective than L-dopa and Amantadine.
less L-dopa that can enter brain is decarboxylated in the CNS to dopamine, where it activates D2receptors to attenuate the symptoms(skeletal rigidity,move bradykinesia)of Parkinsonism. The rest L-dopa is metabolized to dopamine in the periphery and cause side effects. 2. Hepatic coma:

药理学英文课件Anti mental disorder Drugs

tetrecyclic antidepressive
❖ Characteristic: fast; tolerance; light adverse reaction.
MAOI
❖ MAO-A is the amine oxidise primarily responsible for norepinephrine serotonin, and tyramine metabolism. MAO-B is more selective for dopamine. as a result ,the irreversible MAO inhibitor are subject to a very high risk of hypertensive reaction to tyramine ingested in food .
2. Antiemetic effects and treating stubborn hiccup. Nausea and vomiting induced by uremia, cancer, pregnant toxemia, radiation.
3. Hypothermic anesthesia and artificial winter sleep To decrease oxygen consumption of heart and brain and prevent shock in operation.
(4) enhance central depressive drug action
2. Antagonistic system: α-adrenergic receptor blocking effect:vascular dilatation, blood pressure decrease.

药学英语药理学的课件

Chemotherapy, in its most general sense, is the treatment of a disease by chemicals especially by killing micro-organisms or cancerous cells.
penicillin
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Scope
1.Pharmacokinetics(药物代谢动力学):
Drug at site of administration
Absorption
Drug in plasma
Drug/metabolites in urine, feces, bile
Distribution
Drug/metabolites
inflammation
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Typically a drug target is a key molecule involved in a particular metabolic or signaling pathway that is specific to a disease condition or pathology, or to the infectivity or survival of a microbial pathogen.
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History
1.Pharmacology studies the effects of drugs and how they exert their effects.
E.g. penicillin kills susceptible bacteria by specifically inhibiting the transpeptidase(转肽酶) that catalyzes the final step in cell wall biosynthesis, the cross-linking of peptidoglycan（肽聚糖）.

药理学总论英文(-精品医学课件)

药物不良反应与合理用药
药物不良反应是指用药后引起的任何有害反应，包括副作用、毒性反应、过敏反应等。
合理用药是指根据疾病特点、患者身体状况和药物特点选择最佳治疗方案，同时尽可能减少不良反应的发生。
药物不良反应对药物治疗的安全性和效果产生不良影响。
了解药物不良反应和合理用药有助于指导临床合理用药，提高药物治疗效果和安全性。
药物评价与临床试验
总结词
药物评价是对新药进行全面综合的分析、评价和预测，为临床合理用药提供科学依据；临床试验是药物评价的重要手段之一，是获得可靠数据的关键。
VS
详细描述
药物评价的内容包括药物的有效性、安全性、经济性、依从性等方面，其评价方法包括动物实验、体外实验、临床试验等。临床试验是药物评价的关键环节，其设计应遵循科学、伦理和道德原则，并需经过严格的审批程序。
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药理学应用技术
药物敏感性与耐药性研究
总结词
了解细菌、病毒、真菌等微生物对抗生素的敏感性及其耐药机制，对指导临床合理用药具有重要意义。
详细描述
微生物对抗生素的敏感性可以通过药敏试验测定，其耐药机制包括产生灭活酶、药物作用靶点改变、细胞壁通透性改变等。临床上常见的耐药菌包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、耐万古霉素肠球菌等。
药理学的学科地位
01
医学领域
02
生物学领域
药理学在医学领域中占据重要地位，为临床合理用药提供理论基础。
药理学的研究涉及生物学领域的多种细胞和分子水平的作用机制。
03
化学领域
药理学研究涉及化学药物的合成、修饰和优化，为新药研发提供技术支持。
药理学的研究内容与意义
研究内容
研究药物在体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄过程，以及药物的作用机制、临床应用、不良反应和药物相互作用等。

药理学英文课件 (12)

Abnormal Heart Rhythms
• Caused by:
– ischemia, infarction, alteration of body chemicals
Abnormal Heart Rhythms
• Caused by:
– ischemia, infarction, alteration of body chemicals
– Tachycardia, flutter, or fibrilation
• ECG records the conduction cycle of the heart
Premature Ventricular Contraction
Abnormal Heart Rhythms
Arrhythmia tachycardia bradycardia atrial flutter atrial fibrilation prem. atrial cont. prem. vent. cont. vent. fibrilation BPM 150-250 <60 200-350 >350 variable variable variable
• Aimed at preventing life-threatening conditions by restoring normal rhythm • Acts on the myocardium where the impulses are conducted • Some drugs influence heart rate, others influence movement of ions (Na and Ca)
Arrhythmias
• Variation from normal heart rhythm

药理学英文版课件_第20章_解热镇痛抗炎药

Chapter 20 Antipyretic-analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs objecter 掌握解热镇痛抗炎药的一般药理.阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚、吲哚美辛的药理作用、临床应用、不良反应和药物的相互作用。

熟悉布洛芬、双氯芬酸、选择性COX-2抑制药的药理作用特点。

了解其他解热镇痛抗炎药的作用特点。

Introduction [ definition] p.185 1）have strong antipyretic (解热)、2）analgesic 、3）anti-inflammatory (抗炎) 4）antirheumatic (抗风湿) effects. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs 非甾体抗炎药) a wide variety of drugs, chemical structure are various. [ mechanism ] 【commonness】一、antipyretic action 1）pyretic 3）characters 1、? temperature ? normal ( patients with fever ); 2 、the action independent of environment temperature; 3 、mainly influence dispel fever . Meaning of pyretic advantages：recovery ，diagnose ；disadvantages：high fever or durative fever ? consume physical force ，CNS function disorders . T 39oc (especially wean !) 二、analgesic action Characteristics ：1）moderate analgesics ，Inflammatory pain well, but severe or colic pain useless. 2）no addiction ，no respiratory depression . Mechanism of analgesic 2）(-) COX? ? PGS synthesize ；3) ? sensitize to inflammatory mediators. 三、Antiinflammation In the inflammatory reaction PGs produce : vasodilation; vascular permeability ?; tissue oedema ……Cyclooxygenase , COX COX-1 structural type 结构型参与血管舒张、血小板聚集、胃粘膜血流、胃粘液分泌及肾功能的调节；COX-2 derivational type 诱导型一般在正常组织较少表达，而在炎症部位呈诱导性表达，是产生PGE2等炎症介质的关键酶。

药理学英文课件 (2)

Chapter 2
Basic Concepts of Pharmacology
Chapter 2 Topics
• • • • Receptors Mechanisms of Drug Action Pharmacokinetics Drug Effects
Learning Objectives
• Understand receptors and their function in mechanisms of drug actions. • Be aware of the pharmacokinetics involved in developing and testing drugs. • Understand that some drug effects are beneficial whereas others can be harmful. • Be familiar with the common terms used to describe drug interactions.
Pharmacokinetics
• Activity of a drug within the body over a period of time. • Includes ADME
Pharmacokinetics
• Activity of a drug within the body over a period of time • Includes ADME
Pharmacokinetics
Dose-Response Curve
Pharmacokinetics
Therapeutic Range
Pharmacokinetics
Duration of Action

【药学专业英语】PPT课件

Side effect After effect Allergy [ ‘ælədʒi ] 过敏反应 Toxicity Addiction（morphine） Lj:An allergy is an adverse reaction of the
body to certain substances.
There is a lot of fat here, suggesting one risk factor for atherosclerosis. 大量脂肪是动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。
.
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antibiotics
biotic [ bai'ɔtik ] .a. 生命的(生物的)
How do microbes beat antibiotics? 微生物如何战胜抗生素？
我们首先给予血管扩张药物例如硝普钠或钙离子拮抗剂如维拉帕米皮层的皮质的cortex皮层促肾上腺皮质激素adj皮质甾类的皮质类固醇的类固醇甾体类hormoneproducedadrenalcortexsaikl?ufsfmaidphospho表示磷的含磷的之义spore孢子saikl?usp?
Part 1 Special Terms for Pharmacology
Antianginal drug
Consequently, stand or fall of patient angina symptom. 因而，病人心绞痛症状时好时坏。
Angina pectoris: It is acid that the banana has a kind of natural making to a healthy function of easing pain. 心绞痛：香蕉对身体有一种天然的制酸性，有镇痛作用。

potency药理学名词

potency药理学名词
在药理学中，potency 通常指的是药物的效力或效价强度。

它是指药物在一定浓度下产生特定生物效应的能力。

效力是药物产生效应的内在能力，而效价强度则是药物产生一定效应所需的浓度。

效力和效价强度是药物作用的两个重要方面。

效力高的药物通常只需要较低的浓度就能产生相同的效应，而效力低的药物则需要更高的浓度才能达到相同的效果。

药物的效力和效价强度可以通过药理学实验进行测定，并用于比较不同药物的作用特点和选择合适的药物治疗方案。

《药理讲义pharm》课件 (2)

Cardiovascular Drugs
Antihypertensives
Learn about drugs used to lower blood pressure and manage hypertension.
Anticoagulants
Understand the role of medications in preventing blood clotting and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.
Discover the mechanism behind drug-receptor interactions and how it influences drug efficacy.
Agonists vs. Antagonists
Learn the difference between drugs that activate receptors and those that block them.
《药理讲义pharm》PPT 课件 (2)
An in-depth guide to pharmacology, covering topics such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug development, and more. Discover the fascinating world of drugs and their effects.
Pharmacogenomics
Personalized Medicine
Explore how genetic variations influence drug responses and pave the way for personalized therapies.

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亲和力
intrinsic activity;
内在活性
agonist;
激动药
antagonist;
拮抗药
competitive antagonist; 竞争性拮抗药
noncompetitive antagonist;
非竞争性拮抗药
passive transport;
被动转运
active transport;
ciprofloxacin; sulfadiazine (SD); sulfamethoxaole (SMZ); trimethoprim (TMP); SMZco; isoniazid; rifampin; chloroquine; primaquine; pyrimethamine;
环丙沙星磺胺嘧啶磺胺甲恶唑甲氧苄啶复方新诺明异烟肼利福平氯喹伯胺喹乙胺嘧啶
lincomycin; aminoglycosides; streptomycin; gentamicin; amikacin; tetracycline; chlormycetin; fluoroquinolones; norfloxacin; ofloxacin;
林可霉素氨基苷类链霉素庆大霉素阿米卡星四环素氯霉素氟喹诺酮类诺氟沙星氧氟沙星
利尿药
furosemide;
呋塞米
hydrochlorothiazide;
氢氯噻嗪
heparin; dicoumarol; vitamin; folic acid; glucocorticoids; hydrocortisone; cortisone; prednisone; thyroid hormones;
主动转运
absorption;
吸收
first pass elimination; 首关消除
biotransformation; elimination; bioavailability(F); first-order kinetics; zero-order kinetics; half life (t1/2); transmitter; acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase; pilocarpine
efficacy;
效能
potency;
效价强度
median effective dose (ED50); 半数有效量
median lethal dose (LD50); 半数致死量
therapeutic index (TI);
治疗指数
receptor;
受体
second messenger;
第二信使
affinity;Fra bibliotekmetronidazole;
甲硝唑
growth fraction (GF); 生长比率
CCNSA;
细胞周期非特异性
CCSA;
细胞周期特异性
MTX;
甲氨蝶呤
5-FU;
5-氟尿嘧啶
6-MP;
6-巯嘌呤
Ara-C;
阿糖胞苷
CTX;
环磷酰胺
BLM;
博来霉素
ADM; VLB; VCR
多柔比星长春碱长春新碱
肝素双香豆素
维生素叶酸葡萄糖氢化可的松可的松强的松甲状腺素
insulin; glipizide; gliclazide; metformin; acarbose; MIC; MBC; penicillin; ampicillin; amoxycillin;
胰岛素格列吡嗪格列齐特甲福明阿卡波糖最低抑菌浓度最低杀菌浓度青霉素氨苄西林阿莫西林
碳酸锂吗啡哌替啶阿司匹林强心苷地高辛洋地黄毒苷硝酸甘油硝苯地平
ACEI;
血管紧张素转化酶抑制药
captopril;
卡托普利
losartan;
氯沙坦
clonidine;
可乐定
prazosin;
哌唑嗪
hydralazine;
肼曲嗪
nitroprusside sodium;
硝普钠
diuretic;
生物转化消除生物利用度一级消除动力学零级消除动力学半衰期
递质乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱酯酶毛果芸香碱
lithium carbonate; morphine; pethidine(dolantin); aspirin (acetylsalicy acid); cardiac glycoside; digoxin; digitoxin; nitroglycerin; nifedipine;