英国概况练习(4)

英语国家概况（课后问答题）第一部分英国概况1 What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England, the UnitedKingdom and the British Commonwealth?Britain is the shortened form of the United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland while the British Isles is a geographical name.2 What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?They are England, Scotland and Wales3.What is the official name ofGreat Britain ？The United Kingdom of Great Britainand Northern Ireland4. Where did the King Harold defeatTostig and Harold Hardrada?( At Stanford Bridge)5.What did William do after hesuppressed镇压the Saxon risings in the north?(He built a string of defense 防卫castles to ensure his military control ofthe whole country.)6.How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?( For nearly 400 years)7 What was the peculiar features ofthe feudal system of England?(All landowners, whether the tenants-in-chief or subtenants, took the oath ofallegiance for the land they held, notonly to their immediate lord, but also tothe king.)8 What did Willliam I leave to hissons after he died?( He left Normandy to his eldest son,Robert, and England to his second sonWilliam, and a large sum of money tohis third son, Henry.)9 What was William I ’ spolicytowards the church?(He wanted to keep it completely underhis control, but at the same time toupload its power.)10 When was the Domesday Bookcompleted?( In 1086)11 What was the consequence of theHundred Years ’ War?(The French drove the English out oftheir land. By 1453, Calais was the onlypart of France that was still in the handsof English)12 What did the Lollards preach?(The Lollards preached the equality ofmen before God)13 What were the twocountriesElizabeth I successfully played offagainst each other for nearly30years?( France and Spain were the twocountries that Elizabeth I successfullyplayed off against each other for nearly30 years)14 What was the outcome 结果ofthe English Civil War?(It not only overthrew feudal system inEngland but also shook the foundationof the feudal rule in Europe. It isgenerally regarded as the beginning ofmodern world history.)15 What were the three main causesof Henry VIII’religious reform ofthe Church?( The three main causes were: a desirefor change and reform in the Churchhad been growing for many years andnow, encouraged by the success ofMarin Luther, many people believed itstime had come; the privilege and wealthof the clergy were also resented; andHenry needed money)16 Which party did MargaretThatcher represent in the 1970s?(She represented the ConservativeParty)17 What did the Whigs stand for inthe early 19 th century?Whigs stood for a reduction in Crownpatronage,sympathy towardsNonconformists, and care for theinterests of merchants and bankers.18 Why did changes in farmingmethods改变耕作方式 affect lives ofmillions in the 18th century?(Because village and agriculture werethe backbone of England at that time.)19 When did Britain finally becomea full member of the EuropeanEconomic Community?(Britain finally became a full memberof the European Economic Communityin January, 1973)没背20 Why was Mrs. Thatcherremoved from office in 1990?(It was because of her opposition toEuropean Union and her imposition of anextremely unpopular flatrate ‘ polltax ’in place of property taxes to pay forlocal government service.21 What were the two groups of theChartiests?What was theirdifference?(The Chartists could be divided intotwo groups: the Moral Force Chartistsand the Physical Force Chartists. Theformer wanted to realize their aims bypeaceful means while the latter wantedto achieve their purpose by violence)22 What was the goal of the LondonWorking Men’ s Association in itsstruggle?(It aimed to ‘to seek by every legalmeans to place all classes of society inpossession of equal political and socialrights)精品文库23 Why was Britain known as the (ThethreemainChristianfestivalsin 是 后 果 ， 英 爱 条约 1921 (Violentfactory of the world in the mid-19 thBritain are Christmas. Easter,oppositionandtoWhite treatyby century?Sunday.) ultranationalists led to a civil w(BecausethBritisheconomywas没背42 What was the result ofamong the strongest in the world)33 Who is directly responsible for the24 Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the UK?(TheQueen) 25 How many members ofParliament does the House ofCommons in the UK consist of ?NHS in Britain?谁直接负责国民保growing Irish nationalism in the early decades of the 20thcentury?健制度在英国(Irish nationalism became stron(Centralgovernmentisdirectly even more violent in the early d responsible for the NHS inof Britain)the20century and climaxed in 34 What are the two established EasternUprisingof1916inwhichan Irish Republic was proclaimed. 26 What does the British Parliament没背43Wht happened aftertheEnglish king was declared the headconsist of ?in Scotland)(It consists of the Sovereign, the Houseof the Church of Irelandreplaceing35 Howmany provinces does theof Lords and the House of Commons)the Pope? 英国国王宣布爱尔兰教会Church of England have?领袖代替教皇27Whatdidtheterm ‘parliament ’(Therefollowedcenturiesofreligiousoriginally mean?(TheChurchof Englandhastwo政治迫( It originallymeantmeetingforprovinces: Canterbury and York)parley or discussion)36What is the National Day in害, whichhelpedtostrengthenanddeepen Ireland ’sCatholic spirit.)Britain?第二部美分国部分28 WheredoestheSovereign ’scoronation take place?(The birthday of the British Monarch isa National Day in Britain)1What are the two novels giving a威vivid description of the miserable life斯敏斯特教堂 in London)Great Britain?of the black slaves?(Uncle ’TomsCabin and Roots)29Wheredoesthe Queen ’s (It refers to the Universities of Oxfordand Cambridge)2 What is the reason for the growth expenditure arising from 支出所产生38 What kind of schools are theof population in Florida?的 public duties come from?没背(Florida ’populationsgrowthowesindependent schools in Britain?( The Queen ’sexpenditure arising from(Theindependentschoolsarethose muchtoitsattractivenessbothapublic duties comes from the Civil Listsupportedentirelybfeesandprivateplaceto retireandasa convenientand government departments)placeforbusinesswithandtraveltofuns)30 How is the British House of 39What are the three groups ofCentral and South America)Commons elected?3 When did the higher birth ratenation newspapers?TheHouseofCommonsiselectedby(Theyare quality,popularnd appear in the United States? universal adult suffrage. mid-market papers.) (Thebirthrateappearedduring ‘the影子baby boom ’[1946-1964])？？ 31Whatisa ‘shadowcabinet ’ 40 Which religion in Ireland is the内阁 in Britain?4 When was the Declaration of( Thepartywhichwinsthesecond largest non-Catholic denomination?Independence adopted?largestnumberofseatsinparliament圣 公 会of (It was adopted on July4,1776)(TheAnglicanChurch5Please write any three of thebecomes the Official Opposition and it没背formsits own ‘cabinetknown ’as Irelandis thelargestnon-Catholicdenomination.)13 colonies the British established ‘shadow cabinet ’along the east coast of North32 What are the three main41 What was the consequence ofAmerica between 1607 and没背1733.(Virginia,Maine, Newchurches in Britain?(651Members of Parliament)(TheyaretheChurchofEnglandthe Church of Scotland什么Christian festivals in Britain?the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?欢迎下载2Hampshire)6What are the implications of the‘ Manifest Destiny’?The implications of‘ manifest Destiny’ are three fold(1)the inevitability of the founding of the United States of America; 是必然的(2)the legitimacy合法的 of the expansion of America Territory美国领土; (3) the spread of American democracy 美国民主being the task 任务of American people who were chosen to do the Lord’ s work.没背7 What were the two seriousweaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? 邦联条款They were:(1)There was no national executive or law-enforcing branch;没有执行或执法部门(2)Congress 国会was too large a body to function 功能as government. And Congress had no power to raise taxes.国会无权征税8What agreement did America and Britain sign in 1783 by which Britain recognized the independence of the United States? The Treaty of Paris9 What were the features in the colonial period which had influence on later American development?They were representive form of government, rule of law, respect of individual rights, religious tolerance and a strong spirit of individual enterprise.。

英语国家概况练习题《英语国家概况》英国部分练习题（1-2章）第一章 Land and People 考题I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts：1. The British Isles are made up of________ A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______A. Britain， Scotland and WalesB. England， Scotland and WalesC. Britain， Scotland and IrelandD. England， Scotland and Ireland3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______A. that have a large number of British immigrantsB. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world warsC. that speak English as their native languageD. that were once colonies of Britain4. About a hundred years ago， as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area.A. one thirdB. one fifthC. one fourthD. two fifths答案：选择： 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2. 1949，Dublin 简答1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles，Great Britain， England， the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth？The British Isles， Great Britain and England are geographical names，no the official names of the country， while the official name is the United Kingdom， but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 2. Describe the geographical position of Britain？Britain is an island country. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland？ The north and west of Britain are mainly highland， while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.4. Does Britain have a favorable climate？ Why？Yes， it has a favorable climate， because it has a maritime type of climate——winters are mild， not too cold and summers are cool， not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. It has a small range of temperature， too.5. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？ Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest？ The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three： 1） The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences； 2） The prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate；3） The North Atlantic Drift， a warm current， passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.The northwestern part has the most rainfall， while the south-eastern corner is the driest.6. Describe the distribution of Britain's population.Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated， with an average of 237people per square kilometer. It is also very unevenly distributed， with 90%of the population in urban areas， 10% in rural areas. Geographically， most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people， 47 million live in England； 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.7. What are the three natural zones in Scotland？The three natural zones in Scotland are： the Highlands in the north，the central Lowlands， and the southern Uplands.8. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots， Welsh and Irish？The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons， while the Scots， Welsh and rash are Celts.9. What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England？ How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive？The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people. The Scots are hospitable，generous and friendly. Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls. Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau. On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry， music， singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive. 10. What is the main problem in Northern Ireland？Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland. Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics. The former are the dominantgroup， while the latter are seeking more social， political and economic opportunities. The British Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.Arrival and settlement of the CeltsBasis of modern English race： the Anglo-Saxons The Viking and Danish invasions King Alfred and his contributions The Norman Conquest and its consequences1 The earliest invasion of England is that by _____.A. the IberianB. the DanesC. the CeltsD. the Anglo-Saxons2 the Celts religion was _____.A. ChristianityB. DruidismC. Norman beliefD. Roman Catholic3 the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain. A. Christian B. Druid C. Roman Catholic D. Teutonic4 The Anglo-Saxons established _____ system， whereby the lord of the manor collected taxes and organized the local army.A. salveB. feudalC. manorial（采邑制度）D. Capitalistic5. The Anglo-Saxons created the _____ to advise the king， the basis of the Privy Council.A. SynodB. Witan（议会）C. Whit byD. Shirt court6. ______ was known as “the father of the British navy”。

Britain1. Where is the U. K.? And what is it made up of? What is its total area?- The U.K. is situated in Northwestern Europe, lying to the north of France and the west of the Netherlands and Denmark. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales, numerous smaller coastal islands and Northern Ireland. Its total area is 242 534 square kilometers.2. What are the three Germanic tribes who form the basis of the modern British people?- The Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the modern British people. 3. What do you know about the Roman influence on Britain?- The Roman occupation lasted for almost 350 years. The resulting growth of its civilization was more obvious in urban areas than among the agricultural peasants and weakest in the resistant highland zone. In the southeastern part, the Romans influenced life and culture radically. The English upper classes were thoroughly Romanized and transformed into Roman landlords and officials. Yet the Romans came to govern and to trade, not to settle; and they were too few in number to change the language and customs of the people as they did in France and Spain. Some of the native people become slaves of the Romans; true slave society was introduced into England.4. What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?_ (1) The Norman Conquest caused important consequences. It increased the process of feudalism, which had begun during Anglo-Saxon times. By the early part of 12th century, the manor system had replaced the village system completely, and Feudalism was finally established in England.(2) William the Conqueror established a strong monarchy in England. The feudal system of England acquired a more centralized character than in other European countries of the time.(3) It brought about changes in the church. The upper ranks of the clergy were Normanized and feudalized, following the pattern of lay society,(4) Along with the Norman came the French language, which would be the language of court and upper classes until the 14th century.5. What were the contents and the nature of the Great Charter?- Contents: ( 1) the king was not to exact要求extra payments from the feudalvassals封臣without their consent; (2) laws were not to be modified by the arbitrary专断的action of the king; (3) If the king should attempt to free himself from law, the vassals had the right to force the king to obey it, by civil war or by otherwise.Nature: It was essentially a feudal document. It was made in the interests of feudal lords, great and small.6. What do you know about the English Renaissance?- Renaissance means "rebirth" - Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome. It was a cultural movement that arose with rise of the bourgeoisie. They were disintegrating movements, but also liberating ones and they were consistently related, by cause and effect, to liberating movement in politics, commerce and society in every country. The thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called humanists. The great English humanist was Sir Thomas More, who wrote his masterpiece Utopia. The English Renaissance was largely literary. Shakespeare was the greatest dramatist of the age.7. What do you know about the" Glorious Revolution"?- After three years of struggle, the Whig and Tory leaders at last united against James Ⅱ, whointended to establish absolutism in England with the aid of France and had restored Roman Catholics in civil government, etc. The leaders of the two parties planned a coup d’état. In June 1688 the leaders of Parliament invited William of Holland and Mary, daughter of James II, to come and take the throne. William landed with army and he was so welcomed that James 1I ran away to France. William and Mary were then crowned as joint rulers. This was known in history as "The Glorious Revolution".8. Why did the Industrial Revolution first take place in Britain?- Because Britain had some special conditions which no other country could match. These conditions are: the accumulation of capital; the development of, capitalistic farming; the appearance of a labor reserve; and the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign.9. How did the Industrial Revolution exert a great influence on both British society and the world?- The Industrial Revolution was not only a technological revolution but also a great social upheaval. It exerted a great influence on both British society and the world. The Industrial Revolution promoted the development of production. It began to produce large quantity of low-priced goods in a more efficient manner. New cities came into being; population increased; the home market was enlarged. The British goods almost achieved a monopoly situation in the world market. A factory system was established. Workers were employed and managers became capitalists. Two conflicting classes were born.10. How did the Chartist Movement take place in Britain? What was the reason for the failure of the Movement?- In 1836 the London WorkingMen’sAssociation was organized. In 1837 a petition, known as the People's Charter was drawn up. The mainpoint was to seek universal suffrage, which was the beginning of the Chartist Movement.The failure of the Movement is its divided leadership and lack of a strong basis of class unity. During the movement the Chartists could be divided into two groups-- moral force, which believed in reform by peaceful means; and physician force, which advocated violence.11. How did Britain take part in the First World War?- After the Germans invaded Belgium in August 4, 1914, thereby violating a neutrality that Britain was committed by treaty to support, Britain took part in the war.12. What role did Winston Churchill play in the Second World War?- He played an important role in the Second World War. In the crisis of the Second World War, Winston Churchill took over as Prime Minster in 1940. Winston Churchill also led the country during the"miracle of Dunkirk" at the end of May in 1940. That was 338 000 Allied troops' evacuation to Britain from Dunkirk. He and Roosevelt, Stalin decided to open the second battlefield in Europe at the Teheran Conference. He proposed to continue to fight against Japan until the end of the war. Although Britain's island status protected it from invasion, the civilians were involved in the war in a way that had never happened before. German bombing raids destroyed many cities, including London. However, Churchill and his people never gave up, and he received massive popular support as a war leader and led his country to final victory in 1945.13. How many types of universities are there in Britain? Which two universities are the most famous ones?- There are five types: 1) old universities, 2) the four Scottish universities, 3): the middle-ageduniversities, 4) the new universities, 5) the Open University, and Buckingham University (the one independent university). Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest and the most famous in the world.14. What are the main news agencies in Britain? What do you know about Reuters?- Reuters, the Press Association Ltd., and Extel Financial are the main news agencies in Britain. Reuters is one of the four major news agencies in the world. It was founded in 1851 in London. It has about 1200 reporters stationed in 183 countries and regions. It is an important propaganda tool of the British monopoly bourgeoisie.15. What did Charles Robert Darwin develop? What do you know about his theory?- Charles Robert Darwin developed a theory of evolution. His theory of evolution is that all living beings, including men are evolved from more primitive species instead of being created by God.16.Who are the greatest British novelists? And what are their finest works?Charles Dickens’Oliver Twist and Black House; John Galsworthy’s From the Four Winds; Herbert George Well’s The Time Machine; David Herbert Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers; Walter Scott’s Waverley; Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe; Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.17.How many plays did William Shakespeare write? Why are his plays still frequently acted?37 plays. His plays contain a surprising variety of human qualities and moods, and a wealth of eloquence and word-mastery.18. What festival is the greatest in Britain? What is its significance and at what time is it celebrated?- Christmas Day is the greatest festival in Britain. Its significance• is to commemora te the birth of Jesus Christ which is on December 25.19. What are the three great religions of the world? When were they founded? Who were their founders?- Buddhism was founded in the 6th century B. C. by Sakyamuni; Islam was founded in the 7th century by Mohammed; Christianity was founded in 30 A. D. by Jesus Christ.20. How do you understand "She reigns but she does not rule"?- Though the Queen in Britain has various constitutional rights, she has no real power and was controlled by the Parliament and the cabinet. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of the Crown.21. What is the core of the leadership of the British government?- The Cabinet is the core of the leadership of the British government.22. Which are the two major parties in Britain today?- They are the Conservative Party and the Labor Party.。

1、The full name of the united kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2、The island of Great Britain is made up of England,Scotland,and Wales.3、The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh,which is well-known for its natural beauty.4、1972 was the worst year of the troubles and 468people were killed that which include 13 Catholics who had been taking part in a peaceful civil rights march .They were shot dead by British soldiers.This day has now been mythologised as Bloody Sunday.5、The Good Friday Agreement,known also as the Belfast Agreement,emerged on 10 April 1998.1. In the 18 century, king George l left the job of chairing cabinet meeting to one of his ministers who later came to be called Prime Minister.2. The British Constitution consist of statute law, common law and conventions.3. The most important function of the Parliament is to pass laws.4. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consist of the Queen, the House of Lords and t he House of Commons.5. There are the major parties in the UK: the conservative party, the Labour party and the Liberal Democratic party6. One distinctive feature about the class system in Britain is that it still retain a hereditary aristocracy.1.“The Jewel in the Crown”of the British Empire India,which provide raw materials and a big market for British goods , gained independence in 1974.2.In 1979 , the Conservative party under Margaret Thatcher came into power and carried out a programme of reform .3.The London Stock Exchange is one of the busiest share-dealing centres in the world .4.One of the oldest of the early “Old English”literary work is a long poem from Anglo Saxon times called Beowulf.5.Shakespeare’s plays fall into three categories . They are comedies , tragedies and history plays. two of the tragedies written by Shakespeare：Hamlet and Othello .1.when the Second World War was over ,Britain was active in setting up the United Nations and became one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.2.Britain’s special relationship with the United States is another major factor which influences the British foreign policy.3.The main government department also involved in making Britain’s foreign policy is(the Foreign and Commonwealth Office)4.Children in Britain must receive a full-time education legally from the age of (five)to (sixteen)5.Parents can choose between sending their children to state schools or (private)schools.6.GCSE stands for (General Certificate of Secondary Education.)7.GNVQS stands for (General National Vocational Qualifications)。

英美概况英国部分练习题英美概况 - 英国部分练习题英国，位于欧洲西北部的一个岛国，是英联邦成员国之一。

它以其悠久的历史，丰富的文化遗产，以及对现代科技和艺术的贡献而闻名于世。

下面是一些关于英国的练习题，让我们来测试一下你对这个国家的了解吧！1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？a) 伦敦b) 曼彻斯特c) 爱丁堡d) 都柏林2. 英国的国旗是什么颜色的？a) 红色、白色和蓝色b) 红色、白色和绿色c) 红色、白色和黄色d) 蓝色、白色和红色3. 威廉·莎士比亚是英国最著名的戏剧作家之一。

以下哪个是他的作品？a) 《哈姆雷特》b) 《鲁密欧与朱丽叶》c) 《奥赛罗》d) 以上都是4. 英国的皇室家族是？a) 伊丽莎白家族b) 斯图亚特家族c) 神秘家族d) 温莎家族5. 英国最著名的晚餐菜肴之一是什么？a) 鱼和薯条b) 汉堡包c) 比萨饼d) 果酱面包6. 英国的标准货币是什么？a) 欧元b) 英镑c) 美元d) 日元7. 英国最古老的大学是？a) 牛津大学b) 剑桥大学c) 帝国理工学院d) 伦敦城市大学8. 英国传统的下午茶时间通常是在下午几点？a) 1点b) 3点c) 5点d) 7点9. 英国最高的峰是什么？a) 英格兰山b) 威尔士山c) 苏格兰山d) 北爱尔兰山10. 英国最有名的音乐节是？a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节b) 皇家艾伯特音乐厅音乐节c) 圣理查德音乐节d) 狂欢节希望你已经作出了选择。

接下来，让我们来看看答案。

答案:1. a) 伦敦2. a) 红色、白色和蓝色3. d) 以上都是4. d) 温莎家族5. a) 鱼和薯条6. b) 英镑7. a) 牛津大学8. b) 3点9. c) 苏格兰山10. a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节希望这些问题能帮助你更深入地了解英国。

英国是一个充满魅力的国家，拥有丰富的历史和文化遗产，值得我们去探索和学习。

无论你是对历史、文学、音乐还是其他领域感兴趣，英国都能提供给你丰富的资源和体验。

英国概况练习题《英国概况》试题(1)I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is _B___.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB.Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD.the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies, Indies and Pakistan6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The H undred Years? war started in ____ and ended in ____, in which the Englishhad lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced byking _____.A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers of America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 1979英美概况试题(2)21. Soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position ofindustrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintainedthe lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionC. little money being investedD. the labour shortage24. Britain?s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are_____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she alwayssits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates? courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London?s Metropolitan Poli ce Force is under the control of_____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include thefollowing except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public officesare open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population inthe UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all答案answers :I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25.A 26. C 27. C 28.D 29. A 30. A 31.D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A英美概况试题(3)II. Fill in the blanks:1. Geographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are highlands_______, while the east and south-east are mostly_lowlands_____.2. Welsh is located in the __west____ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English _ Anglo-Saxons _____, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ___ Celts ___.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them, the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William?s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.8. _____?s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer?s time after hewas murdered.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England?s population from four million to ______ million by the end of the 14th century.10.One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______ farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12.During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheadssupported _______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and_______. The former were the forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that couldbe applied to textile and other machinery.17. After the Industria l Revolution, Britain became the “______” of the world.18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.21. _______ has Europe?s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official______, with its own leader and “______ cabinet”.24.The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____and ______.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has beenproved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and NorthernIreland, and _____ persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of ______ inNorthen Ireland) and _____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools onthe basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34.T he most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the_____ and _____ centuries.答案answers：1. highlands, lowlands3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 1086 8. Thomas Becket 9. Black Death, two10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine17. workship 18. Winston Churchill 19. oil 20. the North Sea21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing25. country councils, district councils 26. innocence27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords29. the National Health Service, social security30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland31. 5, 4, 16 32. eleven-plus, comprehensive schools33. further education, high education 34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th英国概况试题(4)Explain the following terms.1. William the ConquerorWilliam was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.2. the Hundred Years? WarIt referred to the intermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward IIIclaimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.3. the Wars of RosesThey referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white one. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king?s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.4. Whigs and ToriesIt referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Noncomformists. The T ories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and became the Liberal Party. The T ories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.5. Queen Elizabeth IIThe present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.英国概况试题(5)Please answer the questions.(前三题请自己思考)1. Please introduce …cohabitation? of Britain and put forward your opinion on it.2. How would you account for the fact that far fewer women than men are in top positions or have highly paid jobs?3. What are the causes of crimes in Britain today? How do you understand the causes of juvenile crime?4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?——The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether 63 clauses, of which themost important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4) London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country.The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.5. How did the English Industrial Revolution proceed?——The Industrial Revolution began with the textile industry. It?s characterized by a series of inventions and improvements of machin es, such as John Ray?s flying shuttle, James Hargreaves?spinning Jenny, Richard Arkwright?s waterframe and Samuel Cropton?s mule. The Scottish inventor James Watt produced a very efficient steam engine in 1765, which could be applied to textile and other machinery. The most important element in speeding industrialization was the breakthrough in smelting iron with coke instead of charcoal in 1709. Similar developments occurred in the forging side of the iron industry which enabled iron to replace wool and stone in many sectors of the economy. Improved transporation ran parallel with production.As a result of the industrial revolution, Britain was by 1830 the “workshop of the world”; no other country could compete with her in industrial production.6. How did the Labour Party come into being?——As the new working class became established in the industrial towns in the late 18th century, they became aware of the power which they could possess if they acted together instead of separately. So various working class organizations were formed which brought about the formation of the Labour Party.The Labour Party had its origins in the Independent Labour Party, which was formed in January, 1893 and Led by Keir Hardie, a Scottish miner. The foundation of an effective party for labour depended on the trade unions. In 1900, representatives of trade unions, the ILP, and a number of small societies set up the Labour Representation Committee (LRC). The LRC changed its name to be Labour Party in time for the general election which was called for 1906. The Labour Party remains one of the two major parties in Britain until today.7. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain?—— A constitutional monarchy is a governmental system in which the head of State is a king or a queen who reigns but does not rule. The country is namely reigned by the Sovereign, but virtually by His or Her Majesty?s Government ——a body of Ministers who are the leading members of whichever political party the electorate has voted into office, and who are responsible to Parliament.The Constitutional Monarchy in Britain began in 1689, when king William and Queen Mary jointly accepted the Bill of Rights, which guaranteed free speech within both the House of Lords and the House of Commons and constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with power limited by Parliament began.8. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?—— The sovereign is the symbol of the whole nation. In law, he/she is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the a rmed forces of the crown and the “supreme governor” of the established church of England.9. What are the main functions of Parliament ?—— The main functions of Parliament are: (1) to pass laws;(2) to provide the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation; (3) to examine government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditure;(4) to debate the major issues of the day.。

中英概况（英国经济练习题及答案）1、The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and1960s was based on the theory ofA Adam smithB john Maynard KeynesC Margaret ThatcherD Karl Marx正确答案 B2、In the 1970s Britain maintained the _____ growth rate and the _____ inflation rate among the developed countries.A lowest/lowestB highest/highestC lowest/highestD highest/lowest正确答案C3、Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _______.A economic recessionB economic expansionC economic declineD economic depression正确答案BIn Britain service industries account for about ____ of its gross do mestic product (A.one-thirdB two-thirdsC three-fifthsD four-fifths正确答案B5、Rolls-Royce is world famous for _____.A machine toolsB household appliancesC luxury automobilesD high-quality knives and hand tools正确答案C6、Which of the following is not true of Britain's agriculture?A British farming is highly mechanized.B Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C British farming is very efficient.D.Britain's agriculture can produce enough food for its pe ople.正确答案D7、The European Union (EU) is an organization of 15 _____ that pro motes cooperation among its members.A European countriesB developed countriesC Western European countriesD Southern European countries正确答案C8、Which of the following is not true of the European Union?A The United States is also a member of the EU.B.The members of the EU cooperate in many areas, including po litics and economics.C The EU is a major economic unit.D.The combined value of the union's imports and exports is greater than that of any single country in the world.正确答案A9、Headquarters of the European Union are in ______.A Paris, FranceB London, BritainC Berlin, GermanyD Brussels, Belgium正确答案D10、Today, the City of London is the business center of London wher e _____ are located.A big supermarketsB theatres and cinemasC large financial organizationsD restaurants and cafes正确答案C。