河北工业大学商务英语试题2014春--经济(含答案)

bec商务英语初级考试真题及答案2014BEC Business English Certificate is an internationally recognized qualification that demonstrates proficiency in English for business purposes. The BEC exam is divided into three levels – Preliminary, Vantage, and Higher. In this document, we will focus on the BEC Preliminary exam from 2014, including the exam questions and answers.Part 1: ReadingRead the following text and answer the questions below.Text:Company ProfileXYZ Corporation is a global leader in the automotive industry, specializing in the design and manufacturing of electric vehicles. With a strong commitment to sustainability and innovation, we aim to revolutionize the way people travel by providing clean energy solutions for transportation. Our products range from compact city cars to luxury electric SUVs, catering to diverse customer needs.Questions:1. What is the main focus of XYZ Corporation?2. What type of vehicles does XYZ Corporation specialize in?3. How does XYZ Corporation aim to revolutionize transportation?4. What is the range of products offered by XYZ Corporation?Answers:1. The main focus of XYZ Corporation is the automotive industry.2. XYZ Corporation specializes in the design and manufacturing of electric vehicles.3. XYZ Corporation aims to revolutionize transportation by providing clean energy solutions.4. XYZ Corporation offers a range of products from compact city cars to luxury electric SUVs.Part 2: WritingWrite an email to a potential client introducing your company and its products. Include information about the products, services, and any current promotions or discounts.Email:Subject: Introducing XYZ Corporation – Revolutionizing Transportation with Electric VehiclesDear [Client’s Name],I am writing to introduce XYZ Corporation, a global leader in the automotive industry specializing in the design and manufacturing of electric vehicles. With a strong commitment to sustainability and innovation, our company aims to revolutionize the way people travel by providing clean energy solutions for transportation.Our product range includes compact city cars,family-friendly sedans, and luxury electric SUVs, catering to a diverse range of customer needs. In addition to our high-quality vehicles, we also offer excellent after-sales services, including maintenance and repair facilities.We are currently running a promotion for first-time customers, offering a 10% discount on all electric vehicles. This is a great opportunity for you to experience the cutting-edge technology and environmental benefits of our products at a discounted price.I would be happy to provide further information or arrange a test drive for you to experience the superior performance of ourelectric vehicles firsthand. Please feel free to contact me at [email protected] or [Phone Number] to discuss your transportation needs.Thank you for considering XYZ Corporation for your electric vehicle requirements. We look forward to the opportunity to serve you.Best regards,[Your Name][Your Position]XYZ CorporationPart 3: ListeningListen to the following dialogue and answer the questions below.Dialogue:Customer: Good morning, I’d like to inquire about your electric SUVs.Salesperson: Certainly, we have a range of electric SUV models available. What specific features are you looking for in a vehicle?Customer: I’m interested in a spacious interior and advanced safety features.Salesperson: Our latest model, the ECO-SUV, offers both spacious seating and cutting-edge safety technology. Would you like to schedule a test drive to experience the vehicle firsthand?Customer: Yes, that sounds great. How soon can I come in for a test drive?Questions:1. What type of vehicle is the customer interested in?2. What specific features is the customer looking for in a vehicle?3. What model does the salesperson recommend to the customer?4. What does the customer agree to do at the end of the dialogue?Answers:1. The customer is interested in electric SUVs.2. The customer is looking for a spacious interior and advanced safety features.3. The salesperson recommends the ECO-SUV model.4. The customer agrees to schedule a test drive for the ECO-SUV.In conclusion, the BEC Business English Certificate Preliminary exam tests candidates on their reading, writing, and listening skills in a business context. By practicing with sample questions and answers like the ones provided in this document, candidates can improve their understanding of the exam format and prepare effectively for the test. Good luck with your BEC exam preparation!。

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have _1_ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually _2_. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. _3_, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an _4_ of good health.Of even greater _5_ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often _6_body mass index, or BIMI _7_ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BIMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 to 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, _8_ can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem _9_, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit. _10_ others with a low BMI may be in poor _11_. For example, many collegiate and professional football players _12_ as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a _13_ BMI.Today we have a(n) _14_ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes _15_ in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_ very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_ in health concerns have stimulated a number of anti-obesity _19_, My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives, Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat!1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in respects of7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward10. [A] so [B] unlike [C] since [D] unless11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored16. [A] compared [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated17. [A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded19. [A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies20. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1What would you do with $559m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, un-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings or fulfillment. She could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these maternal purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was Once exciting and new becomes old hat; regret creeps in, It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dun and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time–as stones or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected toothers.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most “happiness bang for your buck.”It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason McDonald’s restricts the availability of its popular McRib-a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfilment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world. and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors’ policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers, But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.21. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A] A big house.[B] A special tour.[C] A stylish car.[D] A rich meal.22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is.[A] critical[B] supportive[C] sympathetic[D] ambiguous23. Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that .[A] consumers are sometimes irrational[B] popularity usually comes after quality[C] marketing tricks are after effective[D] rarity generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money .[A] has left much room for readers’ criticism[B] may prove to be a worthwhile purchase[C] has predicted a wider income gap in the us[D] may give its readers a sense of achievement25. This text mainly discusses how to .[A] balance feeling good and spending money[B] spend large sums of money won in lotteries[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent[D] become more reasonable in spending on luxuriesText 2An article in Scientific American has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing (to use the psychological terminology) strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving (across the ages and genders ) and 85% at getting on well others-all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. We strut around thinking we’re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a lineup including versions that had been morphed to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”.If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image-which most did-they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored pictures were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem. “I don’t think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion,”says Epley. “It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves.” If you are depressed, you won’t be self-enhancing.Knowing the results of Eplet’s study, it makes sense that manypeople hate photographs of themselves so viscerally — on one level, they don’t even recognize the person in the picture as themselves. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer’s paradise, where people can share only the flukiest of flattering photos, the cream of their wit style Beauty, intellect and lifestyles. It’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest, says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University, “but they portray an idealized version of themselves”. (People are much more likely to out-and-out lie on dating websites, to an audience of strangers.)26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologists have found that .[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect[C] our need for leadership is unnatural[D] self-enhancing strategies are ineffective27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s .[A] rapid watching[B] conscious choice[C] intuitive response[D] automatic self-defense28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to .[A] underestimate their insecurities[B] believe in their attractiveness[C] cover up their depressions[D] oversimplify their illusions29. The word “viscerally” (Line 2, Para.6) is closest in meaning to .[A] instinctively[B] occasionally[C] particularly[D] aggressively30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can .[A] present their dishonest profiles[B] define their traditional life styles[C] share their intellectual pursuits[D] withhold their unflattering sidesText 3The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and fragile recoveries. And yet, it would be a mistake to think we are right now simply experiencing the painful side ofa boom and bust cycle. Certain jobs have gone away for good, outmoded by machines. Since technology has such an insatiable appetite for eating up human jobs, this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can’t immediately foresee.When there is exponential improvement in the price and performance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be immune from automation suddenly become threatened. This argument has attracted a lot of attention, via the success of the book Race against the Machine, by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, who both hail from MIT’s Center for Digital Business.This is a powerful argument, and a scary one. And yet, John Hagel, author of The Power of Pull and other books, says Brynjolfsson and McAfee miss the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place.Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S. that tend to be “tightly scripted”and “highly standardized”ones that leave no room for “individual initiative or creativity.” In short, these are the types of jobs that machines can perform much better at than human beings. That is how we have put a giant target sign on the backs of American workers, Hagel says.It’s time to reinvent the formula for how work is conducted, sincewe are still relying on a very 20th century notion of work, Hagel says. In our rapidly changing economy, we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination “to respond to unexpected events.”That’s not something machines are good at. They are designed to perform very predictable activities.As Hagel notes, Brynjolfsson and McAfee indeed touched on this point in their book. We need to reframe race against the machine as race with the machine. In other words, we need to look at the ways in which machines can augment human labor rather than replace it. So then the problem is not really about technology, but rather, “how do we innovate our institutions and our work practices?”31. According to the first paragraph, economic downturns would .[A] ease the competition of man vs. machine[B] highlight machines’ threat to human jobs[C] provoke a painful technological revolution[D] outmode our current economic structure32. The authors of Race Against the Machine argue that .[A] technology is diminishing man’s job opportunities[B] automation is accelerating technological development[C] certain jobs will remain intact after automation[D] man will finally win the race against machine33. Hagel argues that jobs in the U.S. are often .[A] performed by innovative minds[B] scripted with an individual style[C] standardized without a clear target[D] designed against human creativity34. According to the last paragraph, Brynjolfsson and McAfee discussed .[A] the predictability of machine behavior in practice[B] the formula for how work is conducted efficiently[C] the ways machines replace human labor in modern times[D] the necessity of human involvement in the workplace35. Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] How to Innovate Our Work Practices[B] Machines will Replace Human Labor[C] Can We Win the Race Against Machines[D] Economic Downturns Stimulate InnovationsText 4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy.Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to jostle for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure projects, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged. This government does not want to see a return to large-scale provision of council housing, so it is naturally wary of measures that will lead us down that route.Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. The cap, introduced in 2012 as part of the Housing Revenue Account reform, hasbeen a major issue for the sector. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.Finally, they should look at the way in which public sector land is released. Currently up-front payments are required, putting a financial burden on the housing provider. A more positive stimulus would be to encourage a system where the land is made available and maintained as a long-term equity stake in the project.But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing £4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015, is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition's spending plans if it returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to the era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate. This means that affordable housing specialists like Wates Living Space have to create a whole new way of working in partnership with registered providers. Wehave to be prepared to take on more of the risk during the development phase, driving down the cost to deliver high-quality affordable housing and, most importantly, developing alternative funding models to help achieve this.While the government's commitment to long-term funding may have changed, the very pressing need for more affordable housing is real and is not going away. The comprehensive spending review provides the opportunity to start moving us in the right direction - stimulating investment in new supply and quickly delivering tangible benefits to local economies. It also helps create the space to develop a long-term sustainable strategy for housing.36. The author believes that the housing sector .[A] has attracted much attention[B] has lost its real value in economy[C] shoulders too much responsibility[D] involves certain political factors37. It can be learned that affordable housing has .[A] suffered government biases[B] increased its home supply[C] offered spending opportunities[D] disappointed the government38. According to Paragraph 5, George Osborne may .[A] prepare to reduce housing stock debt[B] release a lifted GDP growth forecast[C] allow greater government debt for housing[D] stop local authorities from building homes39. It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would .[A] lower the costs of registered providers[B] relieve the minister of responsibilities[C] contribute to funding new developments[D] lessen the impact of government interference40. The author believes that after 2015, the government may .[A] implement more policies to support housing[B] stop generous funding to the housing sector[C] renew the affordable housing grants programme[D] review the need for large-scale public grantsPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked detailsgiven in the left column. There are two extra choices in the left column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of a range of new forms, including Body Art, Performance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery. Rather than portraying landscape, land artists used the physical substance of eland itself as their medium.The British land artist, typified by Richard Long’s piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long’s photograph of his work is the work. Since his “action” is in the past the photograph is its sole embodiment.That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects.Long is Britain’s best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle, a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor, represents the elegant, rarefied side of the form. The BoyleFamily, on the other hand, stands for its dirty, urban aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf Street Study, a square of brick-strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the mundanity that characterizes most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard’s very funny. Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs. While it probably wasn’t apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman’s yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel Palmer to Paul Nash.In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can’t help feeling that the Scottishartist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn’t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,”says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down- say, after giving a bad lecturehe grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John,a local student. Write him an email to1) tell him about your living habits, and2) ask for advice about living there.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷答案Section I Use of English1. [B] concluded2. [A] protective3. [C] Likewise4. [A] indicator5. [D] concern6. [A] in terms of7. [C] equals8. [C] in turn9. [D] straightforward10. [B] while11. [A] shape12.[B] quality13. [C] normal14. [D] tendency15. [B] pictured16. [D] associated17. [A] Even18. [D] grounded19. [C] policies20. [B] againstSection II Reading Comprehension21. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[B]A special tour22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is[A]critical23. Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that[D]rarity generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase25. This text mainly discusses how to26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that ______.[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______[C] intuitive response28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______[B] believe in their attractiveness29. The word "Viscerally"(Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning to_____.[A]instinctively30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can _____.[D] withhold their unflattering sides31. According to the first paragraph, economic downturns would _____.[B]highlight machines’ threat to human jobs32. The authors of Race Against the Machine argue that _____.[A]technology is diminishing man’s job opportunities33. Hagel argues that jobs in the U.S. are often _____.[D]designed against human creativity34. According to the last paragraph, Brynjolfsson and McAfee discussed _____.[D] the formula for how work is conducted efficiently35. Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?[C]Can We Win the Race Against Machines36. The author believes that the housing sector______.[D]involves certain political factors37. It can be learned that affordable housing has_____.[A]suffered government biases38. According to Paragraph 5, George Osborne may _____.[C]allow greater government debt for housing39. It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would _____.[C]contribute to funding new developments40. The author believes that after 2015, the government may _____.[B]stop generous funding to the housing sector41.Stone Cirele[D]represents the elegance of the British land art.42.Olaf Street Study[E]depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.43.Across the Park[G]contains images from different parts of the same photograph.44.Towards Avebury[C]reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.45.Seven Days[A]originates from a long walk that the artist took.Section III Translation大多数人认为乐观主义就是无休止的开心，就像在看到一个装了一半水的杯子的时候，会认为还差半杯就满了，而非空了一半。

2014 春1．What do you think globalization means What global companies can you think of What industries are they in Do global companies do more harm than goodIn my opinion,globalization means a company set up subsidiaries in the other countries and make them into local companies.And setting up new companies means the transferring of technology and capital.When referring to global companies ,we may easy to think of P&G,KFC,AIRBUS,NOKIA and so on.These companies are in different industries,some in instant food industries,some in heavy industries,some in aviation industries.It may difficult to say absolutely global companies do more harm or do more good.It obviously that global companies give us much cheaper and higher quality products which make us enjoy a more comfortable life.Also global companies introduced more advanced technology and management skills.But on the other hand,with the strong competition,some national companies is eliminating and our national culture is also disappear with the step of globalization.2．Are you influenced by brands when you choose products or services (Why or why not) Would you consider buying a new brand of product newly introduced to the market (Why or why not) What do you think a company should do to create brand awareness for a new brandI think whether I influenced by the brands depend on different kinds of things.When I choose something I use everyday such as shampoo,I will firstly take brands into consideration.Because I think shampoo is a kind of chemical product,some small companies may put some unhealthy addition ,which may have a bad influence on my health.But when I choose cloths ,I think style and quality are important than brands.Generally I don’t want to have a try to a new brand of product,because I think it is not worthy for me to try a product with uncertainty.But if there are some discount or free-trying,I’d like to have a try. For a company which wants to create brand awareness,I have some suggestions.Firstly it’s necessary to make a product recognise. Secondly,the company should associate with specific quality with his brand.Thirdly,forming a customer loyalty is important for a company.3．What is important when arranging a business trip abroad✓Type of transport✓Accommodation✓Contact personI think when arranging a business trip abroad there are three things to consider. First, you must choose the type of transport. As overseas travels involve long distances, the plane is the best choice for reaching your destination rapidly. Secondly, you should also consider what accommodation best suits your purposes. Choosing a hotel with all modern conveniences and communication facilities will help you accomplish your tasks much better. Lastly, you should have a contact person who has important local connections and up-to-date local business information.4．Do you think that the advertising practices described below are acceptable Why∙Using children in advertisements∙Using film stars in advertisements∙Promoting alcohol on TV∙Comparing your products to your competitors’ products孩子：When the children's minds are not fully mature, parents are keen to cultivate children's talent ,practicing courage to help them grow better. But sometimes the situation is that kids do not necessarily very keen on this, some children may not have extraordinary talent. And also in the growth process, the psychological gap can not be avoided.名人：弊端Celebrity endorsement ads make compelling product.Celebrity endorsement advertising can deepen people's perception of the brand. Increase sales by star.好处:Star negative information affects the consumers for the product choice; celebrity endorsements make false advertising for fame and wealth; Celebrity endorsements misled consumers, make consumers los when choosing goods.电视宣传酒精：On behalf of the Chinese splendid culture. Chinese wine has a long history of wine as a special drink which witnessed the rise and fall of a dynasty.Moderate amounts of wine is beneficial to the health of the body, but drinking too much can lead to serious consequences, such as drunk driving.产品比较：Product comparison can highlight the advantages of its own products, but may be caused in the process of comparing the generation of infringement.5．Which of the following statements do you agree with Why✓People remember advertisements not products.✓Advertising raises prices.✓Advertising has a bad influence on children.I think people sometimes remember advertisements but not the product usually if a advertisement is too attractive ,The people who think it may pay more attention to the advertisement rather than the product.But usually,people will also remember the product because there is a high frequency of broadcasting advertisement.Actually advertising will arise the price of product.As we all know,advertising is very expensive,so the advertising increases the cost of the product ,and the product will be sold at a higher price.But on the other hand ,advertising reduces the seeking cost of customers.Customers can easily figure out what they are want to buy and avoid buying a wrong product,so it is difficult to say advertising raises prices absolutely.I think there may be bad influence on children,because some companies in order to promote their sales,they may add some unhealthy factors to advertisement drawing children’s attention.So this may had bad influence on children. 6．What is dress code How important is personal appearance at work For example Think about formal clothing, uniforms, men with earrings and tattoos, etc.Dress cold is how you dress in certain place. For example if you work in the police office ,you need to wear uniform. But if you work is designing something you need to wear casually as you want. I think the personal appearance have great relation to the work. If you work as a accountant ,your personal appearance should be neat and tidy. We usually see some barber with earring in order to show that they are fashion. But if a policeman with earrings we may think that he shouldn’t be a good policeman. It will be amusing that a barber dressed in a uniform. That may also have bad influence on their job.7．Is free trade always a good thing Do you think it leads to the creation of jobs, or to unemployment Should certain industries be protected If so, whichAs everything in the world have two sides,free trade is not the exception. On one hand free trade may makes our product import more easily,meanwhile,the product from the other countries will import to our country more easily.If the product we produced have a competitive advantages ,free trade may leads to creation of jobs. But if we don’t have advantages ,our factories may go to bankrupt, and a lot of people will out of work. In my opinion some industries such as energy industries and military industries should be protected. Because these industries is the economic lifeline of our country. In order to get a good economy order ,we should protect these industries.8．What are most people’s main personal assets How can a sole trader get the capital to set up a business If a private limited company goes bankrupt, do the shareholders lose their personal assets WhyIn our country,personal assets be got through the property of labor or other lawful means. Including: citizens' legal income, savings, articles for daily use, cultural relics, books and materials, trees, animals, and the law allows citizens all production data and other lawful property.Enterprise's capital source can be divided into (raise) and (investment), the two aspects of such as mortgage or a bank loan.If a private limited company goes bankrupt,shareholders shall be jointly and severally liable.when the company’s asset can’t be insolvent, it would use personal assets to repay.9．You have a shortlist of people for the post of Sales Manager. One of the female candidates is clearly the best qualified person for the job. However, you know that some of your best customers would prefer a man. If you appoint a woman you will probably lose some sales. What should you doFrom the aspects of gender, if discrimination problems, everyone can see the ancient hua mulan, modern sog qing ling, Madame Curie. These great women have made outstanding contributions. We choose the female candidate for the reasons: first, her performance is obvious to all, secondly, she is warm, approachable to people and reward is clear.These qualities are the sales manager should have. If you insist on selecting male candidates, we can let them to make decisions for fair competition10．W hat is your opinion of the following strange inventions:✓The petless leash can mew or bard—depending on whether you want a non-existent cat or dog.✓Ice cubes that crackle louder according to the strength of your drink have been developed in Japan.The petless leash can mew or bard which satisfies the people who are allergic to cats and dogs.It is very creative. Because people who are allergic love pets, so it can meet their desire. For not allergic people,they can try the invention, but if you want really get the pleasure of pets,you must raise a real animal.The greater the solubility of alcohol, the louder ice cubes crackle .This invention is very interesting. First, in case I don't know the solubility of alcohol, we can understand the alcohol concentration by ice collisions. So when the alcohol concentration is too large, the clash of ice would warn drinkers in the certain degree. Second because of curious psychology, people will go to try this invention,which will bring economic benefits for the hotel.11．W hat are the methods of communication to staff in most companies Is it important to let your manager know your ideas about work (Why) Do you think people can be trained to communicate more efficiently (How)In companies ,people often use telephone ,MSN and e-mails to communicate about work.People also use telephone to communicate how to do the work. They use e-mails to report to leader what work they have finished. It is important to let my manager know your ideas about work. Because through communicating the work ideas ,my manager will get further understanding with me ,which may gives me a hand on my work. I think people can be trained to communicate more efficiently. For example they use the same format to send and reback e-mails. If there is a meeting people should give suggestions in turn and should not interrupt other ‘s talking .12．D iscuss this list of unethical activities. Talk about your opinion for three of them: 1) avoiding paying tax; 2) Claiming extra expenses; 3) Using work facilities for private purposes; 4) Accepting praise for someone else’s ideas or work; 5) Selling a defective productavoiding paying tax: Tax evasion is immoral behavior. National income tax is from people and use for people.?First to pay taxes is the duty of every citizen, second citizens use the resources in this country, we must pay a fee. For example: everyone holiday travel by trains, planes, and highway Bridges and other infrastructure construction.These are the state pays, individuals would not have finished.Claiming extra expenses: Every year the central government give the local government or department a proper grant, and the report is based on the lower the amount of funding. Some departments require far over budget allocations. Most of this money was squandered. These bad phenomenon bring huge economic burden for national financeUsing work facilities for private purposes: The use of public facilities for private purposes is immoral. Country spends money every year for the maintenance of public facilities. All of these are for the convenience of every citizen. If Using work facilities for private purposes is not only the misappropriation of state property also brings great harm to the society. For example: some police drives the car to do business. If there are emergency it will bring serious consequences.Accepting praise for someone else’s ideas or work: Accepting praise for someone else’s ideas or work is immoral. Life is fair, How much will be how much you pay for. To put other people's ideas or achievements are your own is honesty.At the same time. It will also affect the social fair, cause the bad atmosphere in society.Selling a defective product: Selling a defective product is immoral. It is in violation of the principle of honest. First, the customer use the money to buy the value of the goods. This is a fair deal.Then selling defective product to the customer has brought great potential safety hazard, and it harms the public safety.Seriously, it will violate the law.13．H ow important is each of the following for showing a person’s status in an organisation A reserved parking space; an office with a window; a uniform; a personal business card; your own office; a company car; your name on your door.I think as a group of senior management personnel is a representative of the enterprise's strength,.So the company provides executives with car and reserves parking space. Executive office must be handsome, must have a title on the door of the office's name and the daylighting of the office is better in order to have aopen vision.In addition ,executive business card must delicate features of the enterprise. As to the uniform, it just differs from other employees, but must highlight the identity of senior positions.14．W hat’s important when choosing offices to rent✓Location✓Facilities✓CostI think when arranging a business trip abroad there are three things to consider. First, you must choose the type of transport. As overseas travels involve long distances, the plane is the best choice for reaching your destination rapidly. Secondly, you should also consider what accommodation best suits your purposes. Choosing a hotel with all modern conveniences and communication facilities will help you accomplish your tasks much better. Lastly, you should have a contact person who has important local connections and up-to-date local business information.。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山西新课标I)英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue,Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in celebration and brunch will be served.Between March 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at :http:// .21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?A. School students.B. Cambridge locals.C. CSF winners.D. MIT artists.22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?A. On February 8th.B. On March 10th.C. On March 15thD. On April 21st.23. What type of writing is this text?A .An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.C. An announcement.D. An official report.BPassenger pigeons (旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks (群)so large that they the sky forhours.It was calculated that when it populationzxxk reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlionpassenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century ,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeonsnested hadbeen damaged by American’s need for wood, which scattered (驱散) the flocks and forced the birds togreat flockswere gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then,no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time , a few birds survived under humancare. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914.24. In the 18th and early 19teh centuries, passenger pigeons____.A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natural environmentD. were the largest bird population in the Us25. The underlined word “ undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ ____.A. escapeB. ruinC. liberationD. evolution26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?A. To seek pleasure.B. To save other birds.C. To make money.D. To protect crops.27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?A. It was ignored by the public.B. It was declared too late.C. It was unfair.D. It was strict.CA typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭) at a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’ the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant’ focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become…take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? zxxkA. To trick the lion.B. To show off his skills.C. To get ready for a fight.D. To entertain the audience.29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A. They feel puzzled over choices.B. They hold on to the wrong things.C. They find it hard to make changes.D. They have to do something for show30. What is the author’s attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3?A. Tolerant.B. Doubtful.C. Respectful.D. Supportive.A. wait for a better chanceB. break your old habitsC. make a quick decisionD. ask for clear guidanceD.As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations zxxkEducational , Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations _UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and zxxkTheir Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China . But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now, through the two organizations that he has founded –the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project __Turin has started a campaign to make suchzxxk documents, for the world available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.32. Many scholars are making efforts to ______.A. promote global languagesB. rescue disappearing languagesC. search for language communitiesD. set up language research organizations.33. What does “that tradition’ in Paragraph 3 refer to ?A. Having full records of the languagesB. Writing books on language teaching.C. Telling stories about language usersD. Living with the native speaker.34. What is Turin’s book based on?A. The cultual studiesB. The documents available at Yale.C. His language research in Bhutan.D. His personal experience in Nepal.35. Which of the following best describe Turin’s work?A. Write, sell and donate.B. Record, repair and reward.C. Collect, protect and reconnect.D. Design, experiment and report.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山西新课标I)英语注意事项：1本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

2答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。

3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

4.第I卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。

5 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷zxxk第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是C。

1. What does the woman want to do?A. Find a place.B. Buy a map.C. Get an address.2. What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her car.B. Give her a ride.. zxxkC. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr. Peterson be?A. A new professor.B. A department head.C. A company director.4. What does the man think of the book?A. Quite difficult..B. Very interesting.C. Too simple.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather.B. Clothes.C. News.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

Unit 14 LeadershipPart I Business V ocabulary1 As we are one of the leading importers in this line, we are _______ D _____ to handle large quantities.A at a positionB of a positionC on a positionD in a position2 We offer you the following items _______D _______ your reply reaching here by May21 our time.A subjecting toB to subject toC subjects toD subject to3 ______ A _____ your prices be in line, you will find a ready market for the products.A ShouldB To provideC ProvidedD Provide4 We confirm our e-mail of yesterday, _______ C ________ as follows.A readsB readC which readsD which reading5 Our latest design has won worldwideB.A popularB popularityC popularlyD popularize6 Art. No. 823 enjoys the fame of wideC.A sellingB salableC salesD sell7 As the goods are __ A _ great demand we regret being unable to cover your requirements.A inB onC ofD having8 Your payment terms are Dto us.A agreeB agreedC agreementD agreeable9 We would suggest _______ B ______ your own interest that you fax us your acceptance as soon as possible.A withB inC forD at10 Their latest products are ______B ________.A on scare supplyB in short supplyC Not preparingD with abundant supply11 We cannot _________B________ our offer open for more than three days, so please fax us your acceptance immediately.A haveB leaveC remainD make12 We are _________ D ______ your letter of June 24 offering us 50 metric tons of Groundnut Kernels.A at receipt ofB on receipt forC in receipt forD in receipt of13 Some customers requested us to ______ D _______ our price because they considered it too high.A put downB get downC take downD bring down14 Great demand in the market resulted ______A_______ the increasing prices of the digital cameras.A inB fromC forD at15 _________ B ______ we appreciate your intention, we regret that we cannot entertain any fresh order.A AsB ThoughC MuchD So16 _________ B _________ we would like to supply you with the product, we are unable to fill your order.A As much asB Much asC Very muchD As17 __________ C ______ heavy commitments, we cannot accept any fresh orders.A SinceB BecauseC Owing toD As18 We are fully aware _______ A _______ the trouble you are faced with.A ofB inC atD /19 Increased productions results _____C _____ the adoption of new production method.A inB atC fromD on20 The Buyers demand that the goods _________ D _________ within a week.A must shipB should shipC must be shippedD be shippedPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 首席执行官ChiefExecutive Officer2 资本结构capital structure3 宗教价值观religious values4 语音邮件voice-mail5 信息量volume of information6 商业领导Business Leader7 现任职位present position8 个人素质personal qualities9 管理理念management style10 业绩记录trackrecord11 商业技能commercial skill12 营销战略Marketing Strategy13 决策decision-making14 现金奖励Cashreward15 年终奖end-of-year bonus16 职业发展计划career development plan17 销售代表SalesRepresentative18 股东价值shareholder value19 财富创造者wealth creator20 两位数增长Double-digit growthPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation onthe Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1. The word “manager” has too often come to be synonymous with control.“经理”这一词总给人一种和控制相类似的感觉.2. The world will belong to passionate, driven leaders – people who not only have enormous amounts of energy but who can energize those whom they lead.世界将属于那些富有热情,干劲十足的领导人.不仅要有巨大的活力,还要能够激励他们领导的员工.3. Above all else good leaders are open. They go up, down, and around their organizations to reach people.最重要的是好领导都是开诚布公的。

2014 上半年商务英语考试真题及答案：中级听力 (网友版) 第一篇是讲参加一个培训课程的问题，大概答案应该是 SEMINAR，CONTACT BOOK, NEWSLETTER
第二篇我听得一塌糊涂啊，什么内容也不是很确定
第三篇的话是会议的安排。

我就说下我写的答案好了，VEDIO EQUIPMENT(我没听清是 vedio 还是 media 但是貌似没有 vedio equipment 这一说)，PHOTOCOPY，后面的记不清了。

第三篇我记得第三部的听力应该是projector，不是 equipment。

是要确保每个会议室有一个东西，应该是 projector 投影机
part 2：
关于如何开始商业经营的吧，有注重营销，产品还有寻找 supplier ，acquire an business backing 还有 fund 什么的，有几个比较确定，有几个还是模糊的。

关于培训课程的，听得一塌糊涂。

part 3：
采访一个成功女士，具体什么忘记了，题材还是比较相似的，感觉算听得比较清晰的part 了，但选项个别还是有疑问的。

剑桥商务英语初级考试试题及答案解析(十四)一、READING (PART ONE )（本大题5小题．每题1.0分，共5.0分。

● Look at the questions 1--5. ● In each question, which sentence is correct? ● For each question, mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet. ）第1题Taylor rang—order for desks held up by strike.They expect to despatch them on 10th May.What is the problem with the order?A. The goods are delayed.B. The goods are lost.C. The goods are damage【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[精析] 本题意：Taylor打电话来了一询问他们预定的因罢工而停止生产的桌子。

他们希望5月10号可以发货。

hold up是“阻碍”的意思。

选项A：订单中的货物延期了，delay意思是延迟、耽搁。

生产被阻碍了，货物自然不能如期交付，所以会延期，只有A与之相符。

故选A。

第2题Do not despatch the goods until you have received the cheque.A. Check the goods before you dispatch them.B. If you have not got the cheque, do not send out the goods.C. You can send out the goods only after you have checked them.【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[精析] 本题意：收到支票后才可以发货。

英语试题参考答案及评分说明第I 卷（选择题共75 分）一至四题（一）参考答案：1—5 BABAC 6—10 BCBCA 11—15 BCACA 16—20 ABCBC21—25 CABDC 26—30 ABDCB 31—35 BADBA 36—40 DCDAC41—45 BACBD 46—50 BCCAB 51—55 DCDCB 56—60 DABAC（二）评分说明：1. 1—45小题，每小题1分；46—60小题，每小题2分；2. 凡与答案不符者, 不得分。

第II 卷（非选择题共45分）五、词汇运用（一）参考答案：61. fifth 62. broke 63. health 64. hardly 65. winner 66. smells 67. besides68. normal 69. polluting 70. population71. asked 72. so 73. greatly 74. stronger 75. during 76. takes 77. sad 78. calling79. countries 80. themselves（二）评分说明:1. 本题共20分，每小题1分；2. 61—70小题凡与答案不符者，不得分; 71—80小题单词选对词形用错，减半计分。

六、阅读表达（一）参考答案:81. It means saying or doing something to stop feeling shy or uncomfortable around someone you don’t knowwell.82. Four.83. 尽力看到生活中光明的一面, 对一切事情持积极乐观的态度。

84. Be a good listener. / Develop listening skills.85. Breaking the Ice（二）评分说明：1. 本题共5分，每小题1分；2. 虽与参考答案表达方式不同但意思一致，无语言错误，即可得分；83小题只翻译出“积极地”，不得分。

2014年英语专四真题与答案DA. Ben wants to visit Mongolia when the weather is warm.B. Ben considers the travel expense reasonable.C. The trip today is expensive considering inflation.D. Ben was unable to travel to Mongolia in 1971.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. Which is the height of towers at Sky Greens vertical farm?A. 9 meters.B. 20 meters.C. 100 meters.D. 40 meters.19. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. The farm sells its vegetables to a local supermarket.B. The farm uses less water and energy to grow vegetables.C. The farm causes less pollution in its production.D. The farm sells at the same price as imported produce20. According to the passage, one particular advantage of the Sky Green is _______.A. local climateB. local supportC. plan for expansionD. closeness to the city SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the passage, Turkish police were unsure about _______.A. when the woman was killedB. the main cause of the deathC. the woman’s identityD. why she failed to return home22. How many people had been detained by Turkish police?A. 9.B. 19.C.22.D. 33.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. What is the situation now in Kidal according to the news?A. Islamist militants are still in control of the town.B. French forces have entered the town.C. French are going to land at the airport.D. Islamist militants are attacking the airport.24. Why did the French launch the military operation?A. To control Kidal airport.B. To protect the town.C. To protect the capital Bamako.D. To fight against Islamist militants.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. Which of the following is TRUE about the immigration reform?A. It was proposed by a group of senators.B. Mr Obama had carried out the reform.C. Illegal immigrants would soon be given citizenship.D. The reform failed to improve the current system.26. According to Obama’s 2011 blueprint, how long would it take for illegal immigrants to gain citizenship?A. Eight years.B. Five years.C. Thirteen years.D. Eleven years.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is Lorraine Melvill’s business?A. Running a plastic surgery clinic.B. Arranging for surgery and safaris.C. Providing consultancy to local people.D. Organizing trips to UK and American.28. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the news item?A. Local African clients helped keep her business going.B. Her clients were unable to pay her the money.C. Her business was affected by the global financial crisis.D. She still had as many European clients as before.Questions 29 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.29. What is the main idea of the news item?A. Foreign investment in unstable regions.B. BP’s presence in North Africa.C. Security concerns in risky countries.D. Protection for foreign oil workers.Questions 30 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.30. What is the main message of the news item?A. London attracts shoppers from all over the world.B. Most people in Nigeria live in poverty.C. Wealthier Nigerians become a big spender.D. People from the Middle East are the most wealthy.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became(31)____ important. Although divisions of labour had been (32)____ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776, (33)____ could now become fully realised. This specialization of labour was in (34)____ contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)____ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialization. (36)____ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)____ and changed working life forever (38)____ were the days when work was (39)____ by natural forces: steam engines were servant (40)____ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)____. The clocking-on machine was (42)____ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only(43)____ twenty years later. (44)____ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)____ and predictable income, but long hours.Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)____ was reorganised to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old (47)____ St. Monday - when no work was done - was (48)____, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)____ Monday morning. A new division between “work” and “leisure” emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)____ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.31. A. increasingly B. surprisingly C. slowly D. obviously32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived33. A. he B. it C. these D. those34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm35. A. that B. what C. where D. which 36. A. UponB. OverC. WithD. For37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed39. A. defined B. controlled C. limited D. dictated40. A. over B. on C. by D. to41. A. standard B. controlled C. difficult D. dreadful42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought43. A. some B. certain C. these D. those44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice47. A. culture B. behaviour C. custom D. habit48. A. repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate49. A. before B. until C. on D. after50. A. raise B. increase C. trend D. presentPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. It is essential that he ________ all the facts first.A. is examiningB. will examineC. examinesD. examine52. Which of the following sentences expresses a future action?A. Lucy is continually finding fault with her sister.B. We are meeting the visitors after the performance.C. The coach is now crossing the Gard en Bridge.D. I’m hoping that you’ll give us some advice.53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement?A. The front door remained locked.B. The boy looked disappointed.C. Nancy appeared worried.D. He seemed to have no money left.54. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. Physics is an important school subject.B. The Niagara Falls is in North America.C. The United States borders Canada.D. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.55. Which of the following sentences indicates POSSIBILITY?A. The moon cannot always be at the full.B. You cannot smoke inside the building.C. He cannot come today.D. She cannot play the piano.56. The boys in the family are old enough for ________.A. schoolsB. schoolC. the schoolD. the schools57. Which of the following italicized parts indicates a predicate-object relationship?A. He was reading Mary’s letter in the room.B. You can buy men’s shoes in this shop.C. Mrs. Black’s passport was lost.D. The enemy’s defeat brought th e war to an end.58. Please pardon ________ you.A. my disturbingB. disturbing meC. to disturbD. that I disturb59. Which of the following tag questions is INCORRECT?A. Carry this parcel for me, will you?B. Nobody wants to go there, does he?C. Few people know him, don’t they?D. Everything is ready, isn’t it?60. Which of the following reflexive pronouns（反身代词）is used as an object?A. I spoke to the president himself.B. Frank is not quite himself today.C. Linda herself will play the violin.D. You must pull yourself together.61. The research team can handle ________ needs to be handled.A. wheneverB. whicheverC. whereverD. whatever62. Which of the following italicized parts modifies an adverb?A. I rather like my teacher.B. That was a very funny film.C. Do it right now.D. We walked about 6 miles.63. When the sentence “They had made a mess of the house” is turned into passive voice, which of the following is CORRECT?A. A mess had been made in the house.B. A mess had been made by them.C. The house had been made a mess of.D. The house had been made a mess.64. Fool ________ Michael is, he could not have done such a thing.A. asB. whoC. thatD. like65. When the sentence “Shall I drive you to the airport first?” is turned into indirect speech, which of the following is most appropriate?A. He agreed to drive me to the airport first.B. He offered to drive me to the airport first.C. He advised me to go to the airport first.D. He suggested that I drive to the airport first.66. The interviewers were impressed by the high of the applicants for the job. The underlined part means ________.A. criterionB. qualityC. qualificationD. level67. Her career has ________ a number of activities — composing, playing and acting.A. heldB. producedC. embracedD. combined68. The operation could ________ her life by two or three years.A. prolongB. increaseC. expandD. continue69.A. fineB. darkC. thickD. light70.A. sickB. inactiveC. dizzyD. drowsy71.A. tolerateB. keepC. faceD. hold72. The chief of surgery became committee chairman by virtue of ________.A. seniorityB. serviceC. ageD. rank73.A. criticizedB. ignoredC. betrayedD. deceived74. Our school did not ________ for Christmas until mid-December.A. break outB. break downC. break upD. break in75. The flags in the stadium ________ in the wind.A. flappedB. movedC. shookD. stirred76.A. despiteB. withC. according toD. because of77. The whole country was in ________ over the result of the elections.A. suspensionB. suspenseC. suspendingD. suspender78. replaced by all the following EXCEPT ________.A. thinkableB. imaginableC. possibleD. observable79. The employers prepared, with all due ________ for a conference with the Trade Unions.A. cautionB. concernC. certaintyD. consideration80.A. perfectB. properC. possibleD. proposedPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWOTEXT AAfter breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest.The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip’s clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip’s deformity. Philip was completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all his strength to prevent himself from crying.81. From the beginning of the passage we learn that ________.A. some pupils came from the local areaB. the school only accepted day-boysC. the school had only three classesD. Philip’s class was part of the senior school82. What was Philip’s reaction to his class?A. He thought class was too short.B. He found his class surprising.C. He seemed to have enjoyed it.D. He wanted to change class.83. In the game Philip lost his ground because ________.A. the game wasn’t fit for new boys like himB. the playground wasn’t big enough for the gameC. he did not know the rules of the gameD. he could not run as quickly as other boys84. What did the boys do after Philip lost his ground?A. They continued with the game.B. They stopped to make fun of him.C. They changed to another game.D. They stopped and went inside.85. How did Philip feel in the end?A. He was ashamed of himself.B. He was very nervous.C. He was really horrified.D. He felt himself stupid. TEXT BFor parents who send their kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of coll ege life.”Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest research study that reported students’ emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress. Let me show five facts that I believe every college student should know about stress.First, stress can make smart people do stupid things. Stress causes what brain researchers call “cortical inhibition.” In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.Second, the human body doesn’t discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one. Any stressful experience will create about 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.Third, stress can become your new pattern. When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as your normal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.Fourth, stress can be controlled. Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing techniques. Thesetechniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.One technique involves slowing your thoughts and focusing on your heartbeat, breathing slowly and deeply, and focusing on the positive feeling that you receive.Finally, stress can be lessened by loving what you study. Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It's suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.86. The author cites the latest research study in order to show that ________.第5 / 9页A. students are studying harder in collegeB. most students have part-time job nowC. stress continues to the time of graduationD. students only feel stressed while in school87. According to the passage, stress might cause all the following negative effects EXCEPT ________.A. socialB. mentalC. emotionalD. physical88. In the author’s opinion, stress can be controlled by ________.A. doing what you preferB. identifying your present emotional state firstC. finding a more positive feeling firstD. focusing on your emotional state89. According to the context, what does “your own biology” mean in the last paragraph?A. Your current major.B. Your future job.C. Your future research.D. Your preference.90. Which of the following is the best as the title of the passage?A. Causes of Stress.B. Type of Stress. CollegeC. Life and Stress.D. Stress and Control Methods.TEXT CFor anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a month—more than 100 per day, according to the Nielsen Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages 45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of 2010, up 75% from a year ago, Nielsen says.Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is increasingly beside the point.Part of what's driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts.Economics has much to do with texting’s popularity. Text messages cost carriers less than traditional mobile voice transmissions, and so they cost users less. Sprint Nextel has reconceived its Virgin Mobile brand to cater to heavy texters in a difficult economy. For $25 per month, users get unlimited texting, email, social networking and 300 talk minutes; for another $15, they get an additional 900 talk minutes. The name of the brand's new wireless plan: “Beyond Talk.”Texting’s rise over conversation is changing the way we interact, social scientists and researchers say. We are now inclined to text to relay difficult information. We stare at our phone when we want to avoid eye contact. Rather than make plans in advance, we engage in what research have named “micro-coordination”—”I’ll txt u in 10mins when I know wh/ restrnt.”Texting saves us time, but it steals from quiet reflection. “When people have a mobile device and have even a little extra time, they will communicate with someone in their life,” says Lee Rainie, director of the Pew Internet and American Life Project. And the phone conversation will never be completely obsolete. Deal makers and other professionals still spend much of the day on the phone. Researchers say people are more likely to use text-based communications at the preliminary stages of projects. The phone comes into play when there are multiple options to consider or important decisions to be made.91. At the beginning of the passage, the author uses figures for the purpose of ________.A. introductionB. comparisonC. explanationD. transition92. According to the context, which of the following is closest in meaning to “beside the point”?A. Unimportant.B. Unacknowledged.C. Underestimated.D. Undeniable.93. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause for texting’s popularity?A. Promotion of cheaper wireless packages.B. Increase in the number of adult texters.C. Redesign of mobile devices.D. Rise of social media.94. According to the passage, texting can help people to ________.A. face difficult situationsB. make appointments in advanceC. communicate wish strangersD. avoid awkward situations95. What is the passage mainly about?A. Texting’s p opularity and effect.B. Role of texting in business.C. Preference to texting over thinking.D. Innovation of mobile devices.TEXT DThe healthy adolescent boy or girl likes to do the real things in life, to do the things that matter. He would rather be a plumber’s mate and do a real job that requires doing than learn about hydrostatics sitting at a desk, without understanding what practical use they are going to be. A girl would rather look after the baby than learn about child care. Logically we should learn about things before doing them and that is presumably why the pundits enforce this in our educational system. But it is not the natural way-nor, I venture to think, the best way. The adolescent wants to do things first for only then does he appreciate the problems involved and want to learn more about them.They do these things better in primitive life, for there at puberty the boy joins his father in making canoes, patching huts, going out fishing or hunting. He is serving his apprenticeship in the actual accomplishments of life. It is not surprising that anthropologists(人类学家) find that the adolescents of primitive communities do not suffer from the same neurotic(神经质的) “difficulties” as those of civilized life. This is not, as some assume, because they are permitted more sexual freedom, but because they are given more natural outlets for thei-rnative interests and powers and are allowed to grow up freely into a full lif-e of responsibility in the community.In the 19th century this was recognized in the apprenticeship system, which allowed the boy to go out with the master carpenter, or ploughman, to engage in the actual work of carpentry or roof-mending, and so to learn his trade. In some agricultural colleges at the present time young men have to do a ye-ar’s work on a farm before their theoretical training at college. The great advantage of this system is that it lets the apprentice see the practical problems before he sets to work learning how to solve them, and he can therefore take a more intelligent interest in his theoretical work.Since more knowledge of more things is now required in order to cope with the adult world, the period of growing-up to independence takes much longer than it did in a more primitive community, and the responsibility for such education, which formerly was in the hands of the parents, is now necessarily undertaken by experts at school. But that should not make us lose sight of the basic principle, namely the need and the desire of the adolescent to engage responsibly in the real pursuits of life and then to learn how — to learn through responsibility, not to learn before responsibility.96. According to the author, what is the natural way of education?A. Doing things while learning.B. Doing things as an apprentice.C. Doing things before learning.D. Learning practical knowledge first.97. The main advantage of the natural way of education, whether in primitive or modern times, is that learners ________.A. can learn the trade through solving problems at workB. can work with their masters throughout their learningC. are given more freedom in doing things and learningD. are given opportunities to develop their interest first98. According to the context, “this” in the third paragraph refers to ________.A. the way of learning in primitive communitiesB. the difficulties modern adolescents experienceC. the amount of freedom in learning in primitive lifeD. the kind of skills boys learned from their father99. According to the author, learning should now be done in school for all the following reasons EXCEPT that ________.A. more subjects are to be coveredB. more parents should be involved in teachingC. there should be a deeper understanding of a subjectD. more time is needed for becoming independent 100. Which of the following best sums up the author’s main point?A. The apprenticeship system was effective in learning.B. Students should be given mire freedom in learning.C. Students develop their interest through learning.D. Learning to solve problem is learning through responsibility.PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]SECTION A COMPOSITION [35 MIN]An undergraduate of English at a university, in a recent letter to the university’s president, complained about the mandatory maths classes he had to take. He said that because a language major has little use for maths, he would forget all of his maths lessons soon after taking the required exams. What do you think of this opinion?Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: Should English Majors Study Maths?You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN]Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:As you are taking an exam, you do not have time to meet a former schoolmate of years at the railway station. Write a note to your friend Mark/Lily, politely asking him/her to meet your schoolmate for you and describing briefly what your schoolmate looks like.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.—THE END—TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2014)-GRADE FOUR-2014年英语专业四级参考答案PART I DICTATIONLimiting the growth of technology throughout history man has changed his physical environment to improve his way of life. With the tools of technology man has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed wood lands into farmland: He has modified the face of the earth by cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. However these changes in the physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the planet. Each day, thousands of tons of gases come out of the vehicles: smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil is killing a lot of sea plant and fish. It is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on the earth.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A1-5. CBBBD 6-10. CCDBC;SECTION B。

2014年河北大学经济学院434国际商务专业基础考研真题及详解一、名词解释（共30分，每题10分。

答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。

）1．比较优势理论答：比较优势理论是指李嘉图在斯密的绝对优势理论的基础上提出的一种理论。

该理论认为，国际贸易的基础并不限于劳动生产率上的绝对差别。

只要各国之间存在着劳动生产率上的相对差别，就会出现生产成本和产品价格的相对差别，从而使各国在不同的产品上具有比较优势，使国际分工和国际贸易成为可能。

根据李嘉图的比较优势贸易理论，每个国家都应集中生产并出口其具有“比较优势”的产品，进口其具有“比较劣势”的产品。

2．绿色贸易壁垒答：绿色贸易壁垒是指各国为了保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康，保护自然环境，对进出口的农、畜、水产品等初级产品，以及制成品，甚至服务，采用或实施必要的卫生及环保措施。

绿色贸易壁垒的形式包括：①技术标准，是指由公认机构核准的描述产品或有关工艺和生产方法的规则、指南或特性的一系列非强制性文件；②环境标志，绿色环境标志是依照一定的环境保护标准，向申请者颁发并印在产品及包装上的特定标志，以向消费者表明该产品的运营符合环保要求；③包装制度，绿色包装是为节约资源，减少废弃物，用后易于回收利用或再生，易于自然分解，不污染环境的包装；④卫生检疫制度，基于保护环境和生态资源，确保人类和动植物免受污染物、毒素、微生物、添加剂等的伤害；⑤管制制度，绿色环境管制是指为保护环境而采取的贸易限制措施。

3．购买力平价答：购买力平价是指各对比国家的货币在各自国内购买力的比价，即购买对比国一个货币单位能买到的同等数量和质量的货物或服务所需要的货币数量。

两国货币在某一种商品上的比价，是这种商品的购买力平价，在某一类商品上的比价，是这类商品的购买力平价，在国内生产总值（GDP）涉及的全部商品和服务上的比价，是GDP意义上的购买力平价。

绝对购买力平价是指A国货币对B国货币的汇率，R＝B国物价指数/A国物价指数。

★绝密·考试前严禁任何人翻阅全国外经贸从业人员考试国际商务英语等级考试（初级）试题册考试时间：2014年5月31日 09:30-11:30※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※考生姓名：准考证号：考点（考区）：注意事项一、考生将姓名、身份证号、考试项目、考点（考区）、准考证号填涂在试题册及答题卡（答题纸）相应位置。

二、考生在规定考试时间内做完试题册上的试题，并将答案填涂在答题卡（答题纸）相应位置，写在试题册上的答案一律无效。

全部答题时间为120分钟。

三、考生在答题卡上作答时，切忌超出答题区域。

如因超出区域作答导致答题卡失效，由考生个人负责。

客观题按题号顺序进行填涂，主观题在每题左上角写清题号按顺序作答。

凡因题号不清导致考试成绩有误，由考生个人负责。

四、考生不得将试题册、答题卡（答题纸）带出考场。

考试结束，监考员收卷后考生方可离开考场。

五、考生注意对自己的答案保密。

若被抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。

★请将答案写在答题卡上，答案写在试卷上无效。

一、客观题（本大题有60小题，每小题1分，共60分）[1-20] Listening: 20%（听力，20分）Section ADirections: Listen to the following dialogue and choose the correct word or words to fill each gap from A,B,C or D. This section accounts for 5 points. Each question will be read twice.Mike: It would be nice to see you again, Mary. Are you free on Sunday evening?Mary: I’ m sorry, I’m not. I’ve got to visit my aunt 1 .Mike: Oh, that’s a pity. Monday’s difficult for me. What about Tuesday evening?Mart: Tuesday’s bad for me as well. I’ve got to go to a meeting.Mike: Wednesday then?Mary: No, Wednesday’s out for me, I’m afraid. I’ve got to 2 and do some work. I really must.Mike: Oh, that’s a shame. Well, I can’t 3 Thursday. What about Friday?Mary: I’m 4 sorry. I’ve got to go out for dinner on Friday.Mike: Have you got to? Can’t you get out of it?Mary: I’m afraid not. I’ve simply got to go.Mike: Well, it looks as if we’ll have to wait till next week then.Mary: Yes, I’m sorry, Mike. Look, I must go now. I have to meet Lisa in ten minutes. Ring me next week 5 .Mike: Fine. Try and keep an evening free for me.1．A. in the hospital B. in hospital C. in hotel D. in hostel2．A. stay in B. staying C. stay D. sleep3．A. make that B. make this C. make D. make it4．A. outright B. awfully C. really D. totally5．A. some time B. sometimes C. sometime D. some timesSection BDirections: Listen to the following passage and choose the correct word or words to fill each gap from A,B,C or D. This section accounts for 5 points. Each question will be read twice.For international investors, the decision to invest in a foreign country, whether to establish or6 a plant or a sales network, or to purchase stocks or bonds, is a difficult one. Before theymake the decision to invest abroad, international investors will have to make sure that the investment 7 in the host country is favorable enough. In other words, they will have to analyze and assess the possible 8 before actual investments are made. Therefore, international investors must take into 9 the economic, political, legal and social aspects of the host country to 10 possible risk exposure.6．A. access B. acquire C. account D. require7．A. climate B. climax C. climb D. client8．A. risk facts B. least factors C. risk factors D. list factors9．A. an account B. a account C. the account D. account10．A. maximize B. minimize C. maximum D. minimumSection CDirections: Listen to the tape and choose the correct translation for each of the sentences. This section accounts for 10 points.Each question will be read twice.11．A. 希望和你方达成交易。

文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!★绝密·考试前严禁任何人翻阅全国外经贸从业人员考试国际商务英语等级考试（中级）试题册考试时间:2014年12月6日 09:30-11:30 ※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※考生姓名：准考证号：考点（考区）：注意事项一、考生将姓名、身份证号、考试项目、考点（考区）、准考证号填涂在试题册及答题卡（答题纸）相应位置。

二、考生在规定考试时间内做完试题册上的试题，并将答案填涂在答题卡（答题纸）相应位置，写在试题册上的答案一律无效。

全部答题时间为120分钟。

三、考生在答题卡上作答时，切忌超出答题区域。

如因超出区域作答导致答题卡失效，由考生个人负责。

客观题按题号顺序进行填涂，主观题在每题左上角写清题号按顺序作答。

凡因题号不清导致考试成绩有误，由考生个人负责。

四、考生不得将试题册、答题卡（答题纸）带出考场。

考试结束，监考员收卷后考生方可离开考场。

0 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!五、考生注意对自己的答案保密。

若被抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。

★请将答案写在答题卡上，答案写在试卷上无效。

一、客观题（本大题有60小题，每小题1分，共60分）[1-20] Listening: 20%（听力，20分）Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 5 questions．After you hear each question, read the four choices in your paper and decide which is the correct answer to the question you have heard．Each question will be read twice.1．A．Yes, I am．B．Yes, I am not．C．No, I am．D．No, I’m from the USA．2．A．Next year．B．USD$ 1,000．C．Early September．D．FOB．3．A．5%．B．100%．C．CIF．D．firm offer．4．A．I’m afraid yes．B．I’m afraid not．C．Sight L/C．D．Sight draft．5．A．For 110% of the invoice value．B．With the PICC．C．Against the insurer．D．All Risks．Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 10 statements．After you hear each statement, read the four choices in your paper and decide which one means similarly to the statement you have heard. The sections will be read twice．6．A．In the meantime, we’ll have to spend all our savings．B．In the meantime, we’ll have to tighten our belt．C．In the meantime, we’ll have to save money．D．In the meantime, we’ll have to borrow money．7．A．I need to put on my sleeves and figure out the finances．B．I need to take off my sleeves and figure out the finances．C．I need to buy the dress and figure out the finances．D．I need to get prepared and figure out the finances．8．A．The agent is billing me for everything．1 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!B．The agent is killing me for everything．C．The agent is paying the cost for everything．D．The agent is shifting the cost for everything．9．A．Your advertising campaign was a real success．B．Your advertising campaign was a real failure．C．Your advertising campaign was a real stop．D．Your advertising campaign was a real shop．10．A．You’re firing me? B．You’re hiring me?C．You’re kidding me? D．You’re pushing me?11．A．Susan stood up all night thinking about her new business．B．Susan lay up all night thinking about her new business．C．Susan was awake all night thinking about her new business．D．Susan sat up all night thinking about her new business．12．A．Are you prepared to work a dog? B．Are you prepared to work very hard?C．Are you prepared to walk like a dog? D．Are you prepared to walk a dog? 13．A．Our business plan has been made．B．Our business plan has not been made．C．Our business plan is a success．D．Our business plan is a failure．14．A．My customers will not like these products．B．My customers will not buy these products．C．My customers will not use these products．D．My customers will be quite interested in these products．15．A．I know I’ve been happy since I got fired．B．I know I’ve been unhappy since I got fired．C．I know I’ve been depressed since I got fired．D．I know I’ve been depressing since I got fired．Section CDirections:In this section you will hear 5 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, there will be a question about what was said. After you hear a conversation and question about it, read the four choices in your paper and decide which is the correct answer to the question you have heard. Both the conversations and the questions will be read twice.2 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!16．A．A seller．B．A buyer．C．A boss．D．An employee．17．A．The packaging of the goods．B．The packing of the goods．C．The sales of the goods．D．The after-sales services of the goods．18．A．Two weeks before shipment．B．Two months before shipment．C．One month before shipment．D．A month after shipment．19．A．2%．B．5%．C．6%．D．7%．20．A．No, he doesn’t．B．Yes, he does．C．No, he does．D．Yes, he doesn’t．[21-60] Reading Comprehension: 40%（阅读理解，40分）Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D．Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence．This section totals 10 points, one point for each sentence．21．Please reply as soon as possible, the earliest shipment date and terms of payment．A．stated B．as stated C．stating D．state22．We would not give you any lower price you could place an order for more than 500 tons．A．expect B．until C．unless D．besides 23．There is a steady demand in Europe leather gloves high quality．A．for, with B．for, of C．at, with D．in, of24．We enquire glassware available export．A．for, to B．for, for C．to, for D．of, about 25．we thank you for your enquiry, we regret being unable to make you an offer for the time being．A．While B．When C．As D．Since 26．Please mark the initials of our company on the ．A．inner packing B．outer packing C．products D．boxes 27．Our strong packing will certainly help the sales of the product．A．promotional B．promotion B．promote D．promoting3 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!28．We are writing to the arrangements we made with you．A．conduct B．make C．confine D．confirm29．We are fully aware the trouble you are faced with．A．of B．in C．at D．/30．heavy commitments, we cannot accept any fresh orders．A．Since B．Because C．Owing to D．AsSection BDirections: There are 15 blanks in the following letter．You are required to choose the best one from the given four choices marked A, B, C, and D．This section totals 15points, one point for each4 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!31.A．in B．of C．on D．by32.A．for B．of C．at D．in33.A．in B．by C．on D．of34.A．on B．of C．in D．to35.A．in B．from C．on D．by36.A．at B．to C．via D．in37.A．to B．in C．with D．out38.A．at B．in C．on D．by39.A．or B．but C．in D．nor40.A．on B．for C．at D．to41.A．farther B．far C．further D．fur42.A．by B．with C．about D．for43.A．charge B．change C．cost D．bear44.A．over B．out C．than D．through45.A．think B．consider C．give D．takeSection CDirections: There are two passages in this section．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D．You should decide on the best choice．This section totals 15 points, one point for each question．Questions 46 to 55 are based on the following passage．1Next month Procter & Gamble, which has for some time been reaching Hispanic consumers through brands such as Gain, the laundry detergent, will go a step further in its efforts to woo Lainos．When Tide Tropical Clean hits the shelves, it will be promoted with the usual multi-media advertising campaigns．However, what distinguishes this new product from others is the fact that the products itself has been shaped with the Latino market in mind．An important element of this is the detergent’s smell．‘Fifty-seven percent of Hispanics describe themselves as active scent seekers,’says Mauricio Troncoso, marketing director of P&G’s multicultural business development unit．‘And this is just the hard data．When you try to quantify what it means, you would be surprised how strong a scent needs to be considered as5 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!really strong. ’2Unilever Bestfoods also hopes to seduce Latino consumers, encouraging them to ‘enamorelos con Ragu’ (fall in love with Ragu) through the pasta sauce brand’s first television ad campaign, launched last month, aimed at US Hispanics．Shot in Argentina, the ads tell the story of how a family falls in love with Ragu．3With a Hispanic population rapidly heading towards 40m, the increase in numbers is matched by a sharp rise in Latino spending power．In addition, it seems that Latinos may be more responsive to advertising than other groups．A Nielsen Media Research study released this month found that Spanish-language television viewers pay more attention to commercials and are more likely to base their purchasing decisions on advertisements than other US consumers．4But while the Hispanic community may represent an appealing target for advertisers, it is by no means a uniform one．American Latinos represent a highly diverse population –the word ‘Hispanic’ is an ethic category, rather than a racial group, that can refer to people whose origins range from Mexican and Puerto Rican to Cuban and Argentineans．5Marketers also need to take into account differences between first-generation and second-generation Hispanics．‘As an advertiser, it is important to be aware of and sensitive to these differences and what they mean from a strategy and communications perspective,’ says Susan Wayne, Executive Vic-President of marketing at Old Navy, the clothing retailer that is part of the Gap group．Recognition of this fact was what last November prompted Old Navy to create its first Spanish-language TV campaigns．‘We know from out research that we had a stronger emotional connection with our Hispanic customers who were very integrated in American culture．But we also found out that we were not speaking to Hispanics who are predominantly Spanish-speaking and who are more comfortable with Hispanic culture,’says Ms Wayne．Questions 46 – 49 are based on the headings of the five paragraphs．Choose a possible heading for paragraphs 2 – 5．6 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!46．(paragraph 2) 47．(paragraph 3)48．(paragraph 4) 49．(paragraph 5)A．US Hispanics and their reaction to advertising．B．Differences between generations of US Hispanics．C．The non-uniformity of US Hispanics．D．Hispanics and the campaign for Ragu pasta sauce．50．In line 2of paragraph 1, the word “woo” in the sentence‘… will go a step further in its efforts to woo Latinos．’means ．A．put off B．attract C．find D．optimize51．In line 3 of paragraph 1, the expression “hits the shelves” in the sentence‘When Tide Tropical Clean hits the shelves’means ．A．becomes unavailable B．becomes availableC．becomes unsuccessful D．becomes successful52．In line 4 of paragraph 1,‘…what distinguishes this new product from others…’means ．A．… what makes this new product the same as othersB．… what makes this new product different from othersC．… what makes this new product better than othersD．… what makes this new product inferior to others53．In line 5 of paragraph 1, the word “shaped”in the sentence‘…the product itself has been shaped with Latino market in mind．’means ．A．sold B．formed C．developed D．bought 54．In line 9 of paragraph 1, the word “quantify” in the sentence‘When you try to quantify what it means．’means ．A．meter B．metrics C．measure D．guess 55．What is the key message of the article? Choose the best alternative．Marketers in the US must remember that the Hispanic community …A．dislikes strong perfumes．B．prefers TV advertising to be filmed in Spanish-speaking countries．C．contains sub-groups with different attitudes．7 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!D．bases all their purchases on advertising．Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage．1First impressions are often lasting ones．Indeed, if you play your cards right, you can enjoy the benefits of what is called “halo effect．” This means that if you are viewed posi tively within the critical first four minutes, the person you have met will likely assume everything you do is positive．2Four minutes! Studies tell us that’s the critical period in which impressions are formed by someone we’ve just met．People tend to focus on what they see (dress, eye contact, movement), on what they hear (how fast or slowly we talk, our voice, tone and volume), and on our actual words．3Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about themselves are more likely to care about their jobs．We know “It’s what’s inside that counts,” but research shows that physically attractive people are generally perceived by employers as more intelligent, likable and believable．4Here’s how to make those critical four minutes count:5First, look your best．It signals success．Studies have linked clothing consciousness to high self-respect and job satisfaction．Second, monitor your body language．How you move and gesture will greatly influence an interviewer’s first impression of you．Third, say what you mean．Your goal is to show confidence and be believed．Hold that favorable first impression by making your words consistent with your body language and appearance．Finally, there is a matter of how you speak．Any professional voice coach will tell you that you can learn to sound more relaxed, more assertive and more confident．56．If you want to benefit from the so-called “halo-effect”, you have to learn how to ．A．create a lasting impression B．act as if you were playing cardsC．make the first impression right D．be critical within the first four minutes8 / 13文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载!57．When people meet you for the first time, they will ．A．notice all your behaviors B．listen to you patientlyC．try to avoid eye-contact with you D．act as friendly as possible58．What kind of person is likely to be accepted by the employer?A．One who is physically excellent．B．One who is capable of talking．C．One who is fairly modest．D．One who cares about oneself．59．In the sentence “It’s what’s inside that counts,” (Line 2, Para. 3) what does the word “counts”mean?A．Do calculation．B．Be important．C．Take into consideration D．Make a conclusion60．Which of the following could probably be the title of this passage?A．The Deepest Impression．B．Be More Confident．C．The Attractive Four Minutes．D．How to Impress Interviewers．★答题卡空间有限，以下部分请注意控制答题篇幅。

2014年MBA英语真题及答案2014年MBA/MPA/MPACC英语真题Directions：Read the following text.Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）Thinner isn‘t always better.A number of studies have__1___that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually___2___.For example，heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thinwomen.___3___among the elderly，being somewhat overweight is often an___4___of good health.Today we have a（an）_14_to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight aresometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes_16_with obesity include laziness，lack of will power，and lower prospects for success.Teachers，employers，and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese._17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight，and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.1.[A]denied [B]conduced [C]doubled[D]ensured2.[A]protective [B]dangerous[C]sufficient [D]troublesome3.[A]Instead [B]However [C]Likewise[D]Therefore4.[A]indicator [B]objective [C]origin[D]example5.[A]impact [B]relevance [C]assistance[D]concern6.[A]in terms of [B]in case of [C]in favor of [D]in of7.[A]measures [B]determines [C]equals[D]modifies8.[A]in essence [B]in contrast [C]in turn[D]in part9.[A]complicated [B]conservative[C]variable [D]straightforward10.[A]so [B]unlike [C]since [D]unless11.[A]shape [B]spirit [C]balance[D]taste12.[A]start [B]quality [C]retire [D]stay13.[A]strange [B]changeable [C]normal[D]constant14.[A]option [B]reason [C]opportunity[D]tendency15.[A]employed [B]pictured [C]imitated[D]monitored16.[A] [B]combined [C]settled[D]associated17.[A]Even [B]Still [C]Yet [D]Only18.[A]despised [B]corrected [C]ignored[D]grounded19.[A]discussions [B]businesses[C]policies [D]studies20.[A]for [B]against [C]with [D]withoutDirections：Translate the following text from English into Chinese.Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.（15 points）Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy，with a glass that‘s perpetually half fall.But that’s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn‘t recommend.“Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.”s ays Tal Ben-Shahar，a Harvard professor，According to Ben-Shalar，realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen，but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers.When he feels down-sag，after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission to be human.He reminds himselfthat mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner；some will be less effective than others.Next is reconstruction，He analyzes the weak lecture，leaning lessons，for the future about what works and what doesn‘t.Finally，there is perspective，which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life，one lecture really doesn’t matter.英语二大作文Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart.In your essay, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山西新课标I）英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challe nge Dare to Take the CuriosityChalle nge!The Cambridge Science Festival （CSF） is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writi ng that shows their curiosity how it in spires them to explore their world.Stude nts are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To en ter the challe nge, all artwork or pieces of writi ng should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue,Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special cerem ony duri ng the CSF on Sun day, April 21. Guest speakers will also prese nt prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in celebration and brunch will be served.Betwee n March 10h and March 15h, each winner will be give n the specifics of the clos ing cerem ony and the Curiosity Challe nge celebrati on. The program guideli nes and other related in formatio n are available at :.21. Who can take part in the Curiosity ChallengeA. School stude nts.B. Cambridge locals.C. CSF winn ers.D. MIT artists.22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be heldA. On February 8th.B. On March 10th.C. On March 15thD. On April 21st.23. What type of writ ing is this textA .An exhibiti on guide. B. An art show review.C. An announ ceme nt.D. An official report.BPasse nger pige ons 旅鸽）once flew over much of the Un ited States in un believable nu mbers. Written accounts from the 18h and 19h centuries described flocks 群）so large that they the sky forhours.It was calculated that whe n it populati on zxxk reached its highest poin t ,they were more tha n 3billlio npasse nger pigeon—a nu mber equal to 24 to 40 perce nt of the total bird populatio n in the Un ited States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Eve n as late as 1870 whe n their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles （about 515 kilometers） long was see n n ear Cincinn ati.Sadly the abundance of passe nger pige ons may have bee n their undo ing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasti ng supply and killed them by the thousa nds, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, the n threw large n ets over them, tak ing hun dreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaura nts.By the clos ing decades of the 19 century ,the hardwood forests where passe nger pige onsn ested hadbee n damaged by America n n eedfor wood, which scattered 驱区散）the flocks and forced the birds togo farther no rth, where cold temperatures and storms con tributed to their decli ne. Soon the great flockswere gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then,no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time , a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914.24. In the 18th and early 19teh centuries, passenger pigeons __ .A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natural environmentD. were the largest bird population in the Us25. The underlined word “ undoing ” probably refers to the pigeons ' _________________ .A. escapeB. ruinC. liberationD. evolution26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeonsA. To seek pleasure.B. To save other birds.C. To make money.D. To protect crops.27. What can we infer about the law passed in MichiganA. It was ignored by the public.B. It was declared too late.C. It was unfair.D. It was strict.CA typical li on tamer （驯兽师）in people's mi nd is an en terta iner holdi ng a whip（鞭）at a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's mostly for show. In reality, it 'the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lion 's face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion How often do you have something you want to achieve . lose weight., start a business, travel more）—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progressThis upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant 'focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesn'h t ave to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, someth ing you want to accomplish, some one you want to become …take immediate acti on. If you're clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair zxxkA. To trick the lion.B. To show off his skills.C. To get ready for a fight.D. To entertain the audience.29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chairA. They feel puzzled over choices.B. They hold on to the wrong things.C. They find it hard to make changes.D. They have to do something for show30. What is the author's attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3A. Tolerant.B. Doubtful.C. Respectful.D. Supportive.31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you 're advised to _A. wait for a better cha neeB. break your old habitsC. make a quick decisi onD. ask for clear guida neeD.As more and more people speak the global la nguages of En glish, Chin ese, Spani sh, and Arabic, other Ian guages are rapidly disappeari ng. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 Ian guages spoke n around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations zxxkEducati onal , Scie ntific and Cultural Orga ni zati on (UNESCO).In an effort to preve nt la nguage loss, scholars from a nu mber of orga ni zati ons _UNESCO and Nati onal Geographic among then—have for many years bee n docume nting dying Ian guages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the Ianguages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and zxxkTheir Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to in clude other Ian guages and oral traditi ons across the Himalaya n reaches of In dia , Nepal, Bhuta n, and China . But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the Un iversity of Cambridge Turi n discovered a wealth of importa nt materials-i ncludi ng photographs, films, tape recordi ngs, and field no te—which had rema ined un studied and were badly in n eed of care and protect ion.Now, through the two orga ni zati ons that he has foun dec-he Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project __Turin has started a campaig n to make suchzxxk docume nts, for the world available not just to scholars but to the youn ger gen erati ons of com mun ities from whom the materials were origi nally collected. Thanks to digital tech no logy and the widely available In ternet, Turin no tes, the endan gered Ian guages can be saved and rec onn ected with speech com mun ities.32. Many scholars are mak ing efforts to ____ .A. promote global la nguagesB. rescue disappeari ng Ian guagesC. search for Ian guage com mun itiesD. set up Ian guage research orga ni zati ons.33. What does that tradition 'n Paragraph 3 refer toA. Having full records of the Ian guagesB. Writ ing books on Ian guage teach ing.C. Telli ng stories about Ian guage usersD. Living with the native speaker.34. What is Turin ' book based onA. The cultual studiesB. The docume nts available at Yale.C. His Ian guage research in Bhuta n.D. His pers onal experie nce in Nepal.35. Which of the following best describe Turin's workA. Write, sell and don ate.B. Record, repair and reward.C. Collect, protect and rec onn ect.D. Desig n, experime nt and report.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. (单选题) --It’s so sweet of you to help me lift the box.--_________________________________(本题1.0分)A、Don’t thank me.B、 It was nothing.C、 It was my pleasure.D、No nodon’t say that.标准答案：C解析：2. (单选题) -I’m sorry for breaking the vase.-_____________________(本题1.0分)A、 Never mindB、It’s an old vaseC、 I told you to be more carefulD、Don’t mention it标准答案：A解析：3. (单选题) -Oh sorry to bother you.-____________________(本题1.0分)A、That’s OKB、No you can’tC、That’s goodD、Oh I don’t know标准答案：A解析：4. (单选题) -I have won the first prize in the English competition. -_______________________________-______________________________(本题1.0分)A、Good news/ I’m happy too.B、 Not bad./ Me too.C、 Congratulations./ Thanks.D、I can’t believe it. / So I can.标准答案：C解析：5. (单选题) -Have a nice weekend.-____________________-You too!(本题1.0分)A、 Why not.B、 That same to youC、 You are rightD、Let’s have it together标准答案：B6. (单选题) - _______________-You too! (本题1.0分)A、 Merry Christmas !B、 What a beautiful dayC、 Help yourselfD、It’s very kind of you标准答案：A解析：7. (单选题) -Thanks for inviting us to dinner._____________-Thank you ! It’s so good that you like them.(本题1.0分)A、 Best wishes to youB、 Enjoy yourselfC、 CongratulationsD、 Everything taste great标准答案：D解析：8. (单选题) -I’ve heard that you are going to Thailand?-Yes I’ll leave on Sunday.-That’s great ! __________-Thank you.(本题1.0分)A、 Have a nice journey!B、 Watch out !C、 How are you!D、 You are so smart!标准答案：A解析：9. (单选题) -I hope you’ll succeed in everything!-___________________(本题1.0分)A、I’m sorry to hear that.B、It’s a pity.C、 So do ID、 You are welcome.标准答案：C解析：10. (单选题) By no means ______ destroy or create energy.(本题1.0分)A、 we shallB、 shall weC、can’t weD、 we can标准答案：B11. (单选题) The accident was _____ to careless driving.( )(本题1.0分)A、 forB、 likelyC、 dueD、 because标准答案：C解析：12. (单选题) — Beijing is well ____its beautiful scenery and the Great Wall(本题1.0分)A、 known asB、 known withC、 known inD、 known for标准答案：D解析：13. (单选题) — Look! Here _______ the famous plaxxxxyer.(本题1.0分)A、 comesB、 comeC、 Have comeD、 coming标准答案：A解析：14. (单选题) The change in work patterns could offer a _______ of a better future for work.(本题1.0分)A、 InformationB、 OrganizationC、 ProspectD、 imagination标准答案：C解析：15. (单选题) No sooner had they got the goods covered up ______ it started raining hard.(本题1.0分)A、 inB、 thanC、 thenD、 after标准答案：B解析：16. (单选题) She did me such a big favor. ______I knew her name.(本题1.0分)B、 onlyC、 if onlyD、 only just标准答案：C解析：17. (单选题) She is a ____ interest in everything around her.(本题1.0分)A、 livelyB、 aliveC、 liveD、 living标准答案：A解析：18. (单选题) It suddenly_______ to me that we could use a computer to do the job.(本题1.0分)A、 happenedB、 occurredC、 agreedD、 presented标准答案：B解析：19. (单选题) To him music is _______ a way of life______just an interest.(本题1.0分)A、 more....thanB、 as....asC、 not ...asD、 less ... than标准答案：A解析：20. (单选题) I am ______ go and nothing will stop me. .(本题1.0分)A、 determine toB、 determined toC、 determining toD、 determination to标准答案：B解析：21. (单选题) “Have you ever______in an airplane?”(本题1.0分)A、 FlyingB、 flewC、 flowedD、 flown标准答案：D22. (单选题) “When did you go to work yesterday?”“As soon as they came we______to work.”(本题1.0分)A、 WentB、 were goingC、 had goneD、 go标准答案：A解析：23. (单选题) “Did you wait for him very long?”“Yes，I______to bed until five in the morning.” (本题1.0分)A、 did goB、 didn't goC、 had goneD、 went标准答案：B解析：24. (单选题) Mr. Wu______to work by bus every day.(本题1.0分)A、 hasB、 has traveledC、 travelsD、 is traveling标准答案：C解析：25. (单选题) My English homework______by my English teacher.(本题1.0分)A、 has not yet gradedB、 has not yet been gradedC、 is not yet to be gradedD、 Is not yet to be graded标准答案：B解析：26. (单选题) Shanghai______on the Huangpu River.(本题1.0分)A、 StandB、 is being standC、 standsD、 has stood标准答案：C解析：27. (单选题) ________your best? It's not satisfactory. 1'm afraid you will have to do it again.(本题1.0分)A、 Do you tryB、 Have you triedC、 Are you tryingD、 Have you been trying标准答案：B解析：28. (单选题) This is the first book I find worth______.(本题1.0分)A、 to be readB、 readingC、 having been readD、 being read标准答案：A解析：29. (单选题) She is happy that she______to make a speech to the hospital stuff.(本题1.0分)A、 RequestedB、 requestsC、 has requestedD、 was requested标准答案：D解析：30. (单选题) We have sometimes accidents on this line but no accident______since last winter.(本题1.0分)A、 has been occuredB、 has occurredC、 has been occurringD、 is occurring标准答案：B解析：31. (单选题) Continental glaciers______today in Antarctica and Greenland.(本题1.0分)A、 ExistB、 that exisC、 where they existD、 existing标准答案：A解析：32. (单选题) Kepler proved that the sun______the center of the solar system.(本题1.0分)A、 WasB、 isC、 has beenD、 had been标准答案：B解析：33. (单选题) “As soon as I________ homeI'11 have a hot bath”he promised himself.(本题1.0分)A、 have gotB、 will getC、 getD、 am getting标准答案：C解析：34. (单选题) “Anne works very hard.”“In fact I think she______right now.”(本题1.0分)A、 StudyingB、 is studiedC、 is studyingD、 studies标准答案：C解析：35. (单选题) If it______too much trouble I'd love a cup of tea.(本题1.0分)A、 isn'tB、 wasn'tC、 weren'tD、 hadn't been标准答案：A解析：36. （完型填空）Black Day on April 14 is a South Korean original. It is (1)_________by people who have not found love dressing in dark colors and commiserating over meals of black food with the dish of choice being Chinese-style noodles (2)___________with a thick sauce of black bean paste.South Korea marketers have hatched (3)____________ days for the 14th of each month to create a calendar laden with love. Some days have gained traction such as Black Day (4)_________ others such as Green Day in August when (5)___________ are supposed to drink cheap liquor that comes in green bottles and walk in the (6)___________have yet to attract much of a following.Black Day events have snowballed (7)____________ a major matchmaking service this year(8)__________ an evening of speed dating where the dish of choice is sushi (9)__________ by squid ink. An on-line company for movie tickets sponsored a speed eating (10)___________ of black noodles for those who bought single tickets for the latest films.(1). (单选题) It is (1)_________by people who have not found love dressing in dark colors and commiserating over meals of black food(本题1.0分)A、 saidB、 reportedC、 claimedD、 marked标准答案：D解析：(2). (单选题) with the dish of choice being Chinese-style noodles (2)___________with a thick sauce of black bean paste.(本题1.0分)A、 toppedB、 surroundedC、 paintedD、 brushed标准答案：A解析：(3). (单选题) South Korea marketers have hatched (3)____________ days for the 14th of each month to create a calendar laden with love. (本题1.0分)A、 spatialB、 specialC、 spaciousD、 specious标准答案：B解析：(4). (单选题) Some days have gained traction such as Black Day (4)_________ others such as Green Day in August(本题1.0分)A、 whileB、 whereC、 whetherD、 with标准答案：A解析：(5). (单选题) when (5)___________ are supposed to drink cheap liquor that comes in green bottles (本题1.0分)A、 individualsB、 couplesC、 groupsD、 organizations标准答案：B解析：(6). (单选题) and walk in the (6)___________have yet to attract much of a following.(本题1.0分)A、 woodB、 woodenC、 woodyD、 woods标准答案：D解析：(7). (单选题) Black Day events have snowballed (7)____________ a major (本题1.0分)A、 thatB、 whichC、 withD、 for标准答案：C解析：(8). (单选题) matchmaking service this year (8)__________ an evening of speed dating(本题1.0分)A、 providingB、 demandingC、 requestingD、 requiring标准答案：A解析：(9). (单选题) where the dish of choice is sushi (9)__________ by squid ink. An on-line company for movie tickets (本题1.0分)A、 whitenedB、 shortenedC、 blackenedD、 widened标准答案：C解析：(10). (单选题) sponsored a speed eating (10)___________ of black noodles for those who bought single tickets for the latest films.(本题1.0分)A、 challengeB、 competitionC、 concertD、 champion标准答案：B解析：37. (A)Forget planes trains or automobiles — if Joan Pick wants to go anywhere she runs. And she eats nothing but raw food. Is her lifestyle extreme or the future we must all face up to?W e all know we should reduce our carbon footprint but I don’ t think tha t many people would be prepared to go as far as Joan Pick. She hasn’ t driven a car since 1973. Her gas supply was cut off and her electricity usage is minimal. She eats only raw food and the only items she ever buys are new trainers—because she gets around by running everywhere. Pick，a scientist for many years，is 67 and claims her lifestyle keeps her healthy.Much as I admire Pick’ s low impact on this frazzled earth is her lifestyle all a bit extreme? She shrugs her shoulders. “Does it look like a hovel?“ she says looking at her flat. It doesn't； it is neat and tidy and the furniture is classic 1960s that she has had for 40 years. She listens to Classic F M and Radio 4 on an old secondhand stereo system. The only electricity she uses is a single light (low-energy bulbs of course) for the evenings and her kettle which not only makes the tea she drinks allclay but provides the hot water for laundry — which she does by hand 一 and bucket baths.Pick doesn't have heating. Doesn't she get cold? “Sometimes，”she s ays. How does she keep warm?“Clothing and exercise”she replies.She decided to start living like this “because I realized we have got the energy question totally wrong. I decided to imagine that the earth was a business in need of sound management. Weare all members of the board a shareholder a consumer and an employee. W e believed that fossil fuels were infinite but they are finite.”Her world has shrunk to the distance around her flat in south London that she can run to (which isn’ t small — she can run to Tower Bridge several miles away). These days Pick spends her time going to the library to read the papers —“It takes longer on a Thursday because I have to read the New Scientist as well but it' s so awful”— and looking through W h o ' s W h o and Google to find the addresses of the politicians scientists and industry leaders she wants to write to.Doesn' t she ever want to go on holiday? “Oh no”she says. “I’ ve never enjoyed going on holidays. You can learn about places by reading about them.”I wonder if her life isn’ t a bit isolating. She has never married and doesn' t have a partner. She admits that her friends and neighbors do think she's a bit mad. Maybe she is but perhaps we will all have to live like Pick one day.She follows a raw vegetarian die t. She says “I had tried every diet in the hook so I decided to try a raw-food vegetarian diet.”We go into her kitchen where she opens a large tub full of mixed seeds and nuts which forms the basis of her diet along with fruit and wheatgerm. “It' s very ea sy to live like this. I couldn't t imagine living any other way now”，she says.It seems a bit joyless to me hut Pickisn，t a joyless person； far from it—she' s delightful. I've made her late for her daily two-hour run. W e walk down the stairs together (she never uses the lift) and she runs off into the afternoon sunshine.Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).(1). (判断题) Joan Pick didn' t drive because a car was beyond her. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(2). (判断题) She did not have a heating system. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：A解析：(3). (判断题) When Pick feels cold she simply eats more food. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(4). (判断题) Pick goes to the library to read the papers to keep her warm in winter. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(5). (判断题) Pick does not go on holiday because she hates traveling by airplane. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(6). (判断题) We can infer from what Pick said that she has some problems with her intelligence. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(7). (判断题) “Shefollows a raw vegetarian diet.”means that she grows her own vegetables. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(8). (判断题) She believes that people should take better care of our earth. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：A解析：(9). (判断题) Pick runs for two hours every morning. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(10). (判断题) Pick chooses to live in a building in which there is no lift. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：38. (B)I was in a bookstore the other day. Looking in the science fiction section，I saw the book Men Are from Mars，Women Are from Venus. Just as I opened the book Doctor McCoy from the Star ship Enterprise appeared at my side.“McCoy what are you doing here?”“I was caught in a temporal rift and now I am here to help you understand the d ifference between men and women.”“Wow that's great. I guess this book tells me all I need to know； men are from Mars andwomen are from Venus.”“Ofcourse，it is just that simple.”“Wait a minute ” I said. “Remember，we are in the science fiction section. I am not so sure men and women are quite this simple.”“Look Jim”McCoy began “I have been to both Mars and Venus and I have met men and women from all parts of the galaxy. Men and women are totally different. Men are from Mars ； they are obxxxxjective logical and competitive. Women are from Venus ； they are sensitive relational and loving. You can' t change that. Men and women speak totally different languages. All you can do is to try to understand it and live with it.”“But I don't get it “ I said.“I know a number of men who are relational subjective and loving and if I had to pick their planet of origin I would have to say Venus. And I also know a number of women who are logical obxxxxjective and as competitive as any man. If I had to pick their planet of origin I would have to say Mars. So what gives?”“Jim，I' m a doctor not a sex role philosopher. You know that men and women are totally different. Why are you trying to confuse things?”“Who is doing the confusing here? Why do we have to put all men on one p lanet and all women on another planet? It seems to me that all men and women are a combination of both Mars and Venus qualities in different degrees and combinations and each man and woman is totally unique. If you tell men that they are from Mars alone，then they will never look at or use their Venus qualities. If you tell women that they are from Venus alone then they will never look at or use their Mars qualities. Then men will let women do all the Venus work of life and women will look to men to do all the Mars work of life and then you have the most unfortunate situation of men and women setting up artificial roles for the sexes. It gets very had.，“You have a problem with that you silly-looking Earthling!”McCoy bellowed.“That view is utterly and totally unreasonable.”“Besides that?”“No besides that I have no problem.”“Good. I think.”“Tell you what “ I said trying to get out of a messy confrontation with an interstellar hero. “Why don' t we simply retitle the book.Let，s call it，Men are from Mars Women are fromVenus but Some Men are from Venus and Some Women are from Mars and All of God' s Children Have Both Mars and Venus Qualities Within Them.”“I don，t know ” McCoy sighed. “I am not sure it will sell. People want simple answers.”“When it comes to God's children” I whispered “there are no simple answers only great and wonderful mysteries.”McCoy looking old and tired sighed again. “Give them science fiction Jim give them science fiction. People like it and it sells.”“I know Doctor I know.”“Beam me up Scotty.”Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).(1). (判断题) Men Are from Mars，Women Are from Venus isa science fiction. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：A解析：(2). (判断题) The Venus qualities enable people to be obxxxxjective logical，and competitive. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(3). (判断题) Doctor McCoy believes that men are obxxxxjectivelogical and competitive. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：A解析：(4). (判断题) Jim holds the opinion that men may have some qualities that are typical of women. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：A解析：(5). (判断题) McCoy is a doctorbut he used to be a sex role philosopher. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(6). (判断题) Jim triesto confuse thingsas he finds it hard to convince McCoy. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(7). (判断题) McCoy wants to retitle the book but Jim obxxxxjects. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(8). (判断题) Both men are on the Earth when the dialogue takes place. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：A解析：(9). (判断题) Jim and McCoy are trying to find out the causes of differences between men and women.10. This story is a science fiction. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：B解析：(10). (判断题) This story is a science fiction. (本题2.0分)A、 TB、 F标准答案：A解析：39. (问答题) 根据所给题目，书写一片100字左右的文章，要求：切合主题，语言完整，语法正确写作题目：“My English Study”写作要点要求：1)英语学习的重要性 (2)我学习英语的现状及原因 (本题15.0分)标准答案：it is of great importance for us to continue to learn English in college，which will give much impact to both the future and career 。

2014河北省专接本英语真题及答案2015河北专接本学习群：139041717,致力于最有效的提高公共课成绩河北省2014年普通高校专科接本教育选拔考试《英语》试卷（考试时间90分钟）（总分120分）说明：请将客观题答案填涂在答题卡的相应位置上，作文在答题纸相应位置上作答，在其它位置作答无效。

I .Phonetics (5 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. take B.gradehave D.nameC.break C. meat D. dreamB.2. A .teachercollectionelection D.emotion C.3. A .question B.shoutshouldD.mouseC.4. A .outsideB.5. A .enough B. though C. cough D. toughII. Situational Dialogues (15 points)Section A (5 points)Directions: In this section there are 5 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the ONE that best fits into the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.6. ——What do you think of the food in this restaurant?——__________.A. Yes, it is delicious.B. No, I don’t like it.C. I think it is delicious.D. I don’t think so.7. ——John fell ill yesterday.——_________.A .I am sorry to hear that. B. I’m glad to hear that.C. It doesn’t matter.D. No problem.8. ——Would you mind turning off the radio?——_________..A .Yes, I would. B. No, I wouldn’t.C. Of course not.D. Certainly, go ahead.9. ——You look very beautiful today.——__________.A. No, you are not right.B. It is very kind of you to say so.C. I think so.D. Please don’t say so.10. ——May I see your ticket, please?——__________.A. Thank you very much.B. No, I can’t.C. Certainly, here you are.D. It is my pleasure.Section B (10 points)Directions: In this section there is a long conversation with 5 missing sentences. At the end of the conversation, there is a list of given choices. You are required to select the ONE that best fits into the conversation. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Note that there are two additional choices and you can not use any of the choices in the list more than once.Mike: Hi, Alice. How are your final exams going?Alice: Oh hi, Mike. I finished my last exam this morning.Mike: Great. Now, how about a change? I’ve got two tickets for the new modern art exhibit downtown. ____11____.Alice: Oh, I don’t know. I don’t know anything about modern art, and ____12____.Mike: You don’t have to be an artist to enjoy a good art show!Alice: You are right. ____13____.Mike: No, but I’ve heard that it’s great. The exhibit was in New York last summer and in Chicago after that.Alice: Oh, well, it ought to be good then.Mike: ____14____. So we could hit both of them.Alice: OK. You’ve talked me into it. Do you want to go this afternoon?Mike: If you have time. It’s up to you. I’m ready.Alice: OK. Shall we meet at 1:30 right here?Mike: It sounds good to me. ____15____.Alice: See you.A. And, besides, there is a new Asian Art Museum nearby.B. I’d like to help you get there.C. Have you seen this exhibit yet?D. I don’t want to go.E. I’m no artist.F. See you then.G. Do you want to go with me?III. Reading Comprehension (45 points)Section A (30 points)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the ONE that best fits into the statement. Mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 16--20 are based on the following passage.Have you ever seen a movie in which a building was burned down or a bridge was destroyed? Have you seen films in which a train crashed or a ship sank into the ocean? If so, you may have wondered how these things could happen without harming the people in the film.The man who knows the answer is the “special-effects” man. He has one of the most important jobs in the film industry. He may be ordered to create a flood or to make a battlefield explode. But he may also be asked to create a special effect which is much less exciting, though just as important to the success of the film.In a scene for one movie, there was a big glass bowl filled water in which small fish were swimming. The director of the movie wanted the fish to stop swimming suddenly while they seemed to stare at an actor. Then the director wanted the fish to stop staring and swim away. But fish cannot be ordered to do anything. It was quite a problem. The special-effects man thought about this problem for a long time. The result was an idea for controlling the fish with a harmless use of electricity. First, he applied electricity to the fish bowl, causing the fish to be absolutely still. Then he rapidly reduced the amount of electricity, allowing the fish to swim away. Thus, he got the humorous effect that the director wanted.As in other parts of movie making, there are those who have developed particular skill in creating certain kinds of effects. For fires, the special-effects man does not trust the normal burning process of wood or other materials. He does not have time to wait until large flames appear. Usually he places metal pipes in the area that is to be burned. Gas flowing through the pipes burns instantly but can be kept under control easily by opening or closing the pipes.All this requires training, skill, and experience. It also adds a great deal to the expense of producing the film. It helps explain why so many movies are very expensive to make.16. All the following scenes are probably the results of specialeffects in films except that_____.A. a bridge was destroyedB. a building was burned downC. a person wondered how not to harm peopleD. a ship san into the ocean17. The job of a special-effects man is_____.A. most importantB. always excitingC. less importantD. very rewarding18. The special-effects man used electricity to control the fish in a bowl because_____.A. the fish cannot swim and stop freelyB. the fish cannot stare at the actorC. the fish cannot stay stillD. the fish cannot be ordered to do anything19. The special-effects man creates the effects of fire by_____.A. burning wood or other materialB. burning metal pipesC. opening and closing gas pipesD. waiting for large flames20. The passage is mainly about_____.A. the importance of a special-effects manB. the way to make special effectsC. the expense of special effectsD. the needs of special effectsPassage 2Questions 21-25 are based on the following passageBefore a new airliner goes into service, every part of it is tested again and again. But there are two tests that are moreimportant than all the others. One of them is very strange and the other is very dangerous.The first of these is called the “tank test”. A modern airliner must fly at very high altitudes. Air must be pumped into the place so that the passengers can breathe. The metal structure of the plane has to be very strong for this reason. When the plane is filled with air, or “pressured”, the air presses against the skin of the plane inside. The pressure on a small window, for example, is like a huge foot that is trying to get out. If a small part of the plane were to crack, the plane would explode in the sky. This is what happened to the first Comets. In order to test the structure of the plane, it is lowered into a huge tank of water. Then it is filled with air. The pressure inside the plane is greater than it ever will be when it is in the air. Finally, there is an explosion. Engineers can discover which part of the plane has cracked. This part is made stronger.The most dangerous test happens when the new plane is going through test flight in the air. The test pilot must find exactly what happens when all the engines are shut off at once. He takes the plane up very high. Then he shuts the engines off, the plane begins to fall like a stone. It is the pilot’s job to fi nd out how he can get control of the plane again. These two tests are examples of how planes are made safe before they ever carry passengers.21．The purpose of the “tank test” is to find out_______.A. how much air passengers need to breathe at certain altitudes.B. how much air can be pumped into the plane.C. what would happen if the plane crashed in the water.D. if there are any weak parts in the plane that would burst under pressure22. It can be inferred that during the test, ______.A. water is pumped into the plane instead of airB. more air is pumped into the plane than usualC. water exerts great pressure on the skin of the planeD. the weaker parts receive greater pressure23．The test is carried out under water because______.A. the pressure under water is greater than in the airB. the first Comets exploded in the waterC. it will be easier for engineers to find out where the crack isD. it can protect the testers from being injured24．A test flight is dangerous because the test pilot has to_____.A. fly his plane at a very high altitudeB. secure a safe landing in a plane crashC. find out how to handle a plane when its engines stop workingD. fix the damaged engines during the flight25. The passage implies that modern airlines are ________A. reliableB. dangerousC. complicatedD. efficientPassage 3Questions 26-30 are based on the following passageAmerican this year will swallow 15,000 tons of aspirin, one of the safest and most effective drugs invented by man. The most popular medicine in the world today, it is an effective pain reliever. Its bad effects are relatively mild, and it is cheap.For millions of people suffering from arthritis (关节炎), it isthe only thing that works. Aspirin, in short, is truly the 20th-century wonder drug. It is also the second largest suicide drug and is the leading cause of poisoning among children. It has side effects that although relatively mild are largely unrecognized among users.Although aspirin was first sold by a German company in 1899, it has been around much longer than that. Hippocrates, in ancient Greece, understood the medical value of the leaves and tree bark which today are known to contain salicylates, the chemical in aspirin. During the 19th century, there was a great deal of experimentation in Europe with this chemical, and it led to the introduction of aspirin. By 1915, aspirin tablets were available in the United States.A small quantity of aspirin (two five-grain tablets) relieves pain and inflammation (发炎). It also reduces fever by interfering with some of the body's reactions. Specifically, aspirin seems to slow down the formation of the acids involved in pain and the complex chemical reactions that cause fever. The chemistry of these acids is not fully understood, but the slowing effect of aspirin is well known.Aspirin is very irritating to the stomach lining, and many aspirin takers complain about upset stomach. There is a right way and a wrong way to take aspirin. The best way is to chew the tablets before swallowing them with water, but few people can stand the bitter taste. Some people suggest crushing the tablets in milk or orange juice and drinking that.26. This passage discusses ________.A. only the good things about aspirinB. only the bad things about aspirinC. both the good and bad things about aspirinD. neither the good things nor the bad things about aspirin27. The information in Para. 2 shows that ________.A) aspirin can be dangerousB) aspirin is always safeC) aspirin has been around a long timeD) aspirin is very cheap28. In Para. 3, the word "salicylates" means "________".A) leaves and tree barkB) the chemical in aspirinC) aspirin tabletsD) the name of a German company29. The author of this article seems to be ________.A) in favor of aspirinB) against the use of aspirinC) not interested in aspirinD) experienced in how to take aspirin30. A good title for this passage would be ________.A) The Side Effects of AspirinB) Why I Take AspirinC) Aspirin: The Most Popular Medicine in the WorldD) The Commercial Value of AspirinSection B（15 points）Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 31-40 are based on the following passageThe world is not only hungry, but it is also thirsty for water. This may __31__ strange to you, since nearly 70% of the earth's surface is covered with water. But almost 97% of this huge amount is seawater. Man can only drink and use the other 3%--the __32__water from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers. Even worse, some of it has been __33__.At the moment, this small __34__ of fresh water is still enough for us. However, our demand for water is increasing rapidly. Only if we take steps to __35__ with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on.In addition to __36__wasting our precious water one useful step we should take is to develop ways of reusing it.Today in most large cities, water is used only once and it __37__ returns to sea or runs into underground storage tanks. But it is possible to pipe water that has been used to a purifying（净化）plant. There it can be filtered and __38__with chemicals so that it can be used again just as it were fresh from a spring.But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! We can make __39__ of the vast amount of seawater by __40__ the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.A. eventuallyB. dealC. useD. numberE. preventF. moveG. dirtyH. treatedI. amountJ. stoppingK. fresh L. seem M. removing N. make O. pollutedIV. Cloze（30 points）Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage．For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. You are required to choose the ONE that best fits into the passage．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.At the age of 21, Steve Jobs and a friend, Stephen Wozniak, built a personal computer called the Apple. The Apple changed people’s idea of a computer __41__ a huge mass o f vacuum tubesonly big business and the government could __42__ to a small box used by ordinary people. No company has done more to __43___ the computer and make it used friendly than Apple Computer Inc. Two years after building the Apple I, Steve Jobs __44__ the Apple II. The Apple II was the best buy in __45__ computers for home and small business __46__ the following five years. Steve Jobs was __47__ a brilliant young man in Silicon Valley, because he saw the future demands of the computer industry. “Th e personal computer was created by the hardware revolution of the 1970s and the next __48__ change will come from a software revolution”, said Jobs.Job was an orphan __49__ by Paul and Clara Jobs in 1955. While still in high school, Jobs __50__ lectures at the Hewlett-Packard electronics firm. There he was __51__ as a summeremployee and met another employee, Wozniak, who had a(n) __52__ for inventing electronic __53__. In 1972 Jobs graduated from high school and __54__ at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. After dropping out of Reed after one semester, he __55__the campus for a year, taking classes in philosophy. Early in 1974 Jobs took a job __56__ video games for Atari, Inc. But, he really had his eye on the __57__ end of the electronics business and __58__ Wozniak to work with him toward building a personal computer.They sold everything they had, __59__ $1,300 to start their new company. With that capital base and credit begged from local electronics suppliers, they set up their first production line. Jobs __60__the name of their new company Apple in memory ofa happy summer he had spent as an orchard worker in Oregon.41.A. from B. in C. with D. of42.A. use B. afford C. buy D. purchase43.A. accomplish B. consist C. popularize D. compose44.A. had introduced B. introduced C. introducing D. to introduce45.A. personal B. individual C. personnel D. private46.A. after B. before C. across D. throughout47.A. consented B. considered C. condemned D. consulted48. A. urgent B. strong C. powerful D. dramatic49. A. adapted B. received C. adopted D. taken50. A. attended B. went C, participated D. visited51. A. reserved B. engaged C. appointed D. hired52. A. emotion B. passion C. feeling D. rage53.A. plan B. system C. method D. devices54. A. employed B. entered C. registered D. recorded55. A. hung around B. hung on C. hung out D. hung overdefeating C.designing D.denyingdescribingB.56.A.57. A. economical B. influential C. industrial D. commercial58. A. confirmed B. protected C. persuaded D. provided59. A. raising B. recovering C. enhancing D. rising60.A. camp up for B. camp up to C. camp up from D. camp up withV. Writing（25 points）Directions: In this part you are required to write a composition entitled Where to Seek Employment----In a Big City or In a Small City in no less than 100 words according to the following Chinese outline．Please remember to write it on the Answer Sheet．1. 有些人喜欢在大城市找工作，因为这可以带来很多好处。