中考英语语法专题—代词
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中考英语语法专题—代词
代词
代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词可以分为九类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词。
一、人称代词
1、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:
单数复数
格主格宾格主格宾格
第一人称 i me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her they them
it it they them
2、人称代词的用法
(1)代词作主语时用主格,作宾语时用宾格:
he has great concern for them. 他很关心他们。
they all like him very much. 他们都很喜欢他。
she gave the books to you and me. 这些书是她送给你和我的。
(2)人称代词作表语时,用宾格时较多,特别是在口语中,例如:who is knocking at the door?-it’s me. 谁敲门?-是我。
if i were her, i would take the advice. 我要是她就接收这个意见。
imagine yourself to be me. 设想你是我。
但在下面这种结构中却常用主格:
it was he who did it.
it is she who wants it.
在表示比较的非正式的文体中,常用宾格代替主格:
he is more intelligent than her.
he is taller than i am.
3、在使用人称代词时还应注意以下几点:
(1)we, you两词有时可用来泛指一般人:
we (you) have to be cautious under such circumstances.
在这样的情况下大家应特别小心。
we (you) should keep calm even when we (you) are in danger.
即使在危急时刻也要保持冷静。
they也可用来泛指某一些人:
they don’t allow us to smoke here. 这儿不让抽烟。(they代表谁不清楚)
they don’t make decent furniture nowadays. 现今做不出象样的家具。
(2)she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等:
i think england will do what she promised to do. 我想英国会履行她的诺言。
the “easter” is due in tomorrow, isn’t she? 东方号轮船明天进港,是吗?
(3)在并列的主语中,i总放在最后:
mr. wang and i are in charge of the work. 我和王先生负责这项工作。
a