中考英语语法专题复习--代词
Sentence 1 When I talk to my friends back in the US, one of the things they often ask me is whether I miss the food back home. I do miss certain things, like my mom’s cooking, as well as a kind of food that I cannot find in Beijing －Americanized Chinese food. Why would you want a foreign version of Chinese food when you can get the real thing? Well, American Chinese food is attractive in its own way.
Sentence 2 If you’re reading this right now, you are probably interested in learning English as a second language and think it could be a valuable skill in the future. But these days, fewer college students in the United States are studying foreign languages themselves.
Sentence 3 Of course, I very much enjoy authentic (正宗的) Chinese food. But there is something about American Chinese dishes, like General Tso’s chicken (左宗棠鸡) and chow mein (炒面), that I really miss. When I go home for holidays, my family is always surprised when I ask them to order American Chinese takeout. But to me, it is a special treat indeed.
Sentence 4 Every American Chinese takeout meal also comes with fortune cookies. These are thin, hollow cookies that have a small piece of paper inside. Your “fortune” is written on the paper, along with your “lucky numbers”. You’ll never get these cookies when eating takeout in China.
Sentence 5 The Modern Language Association (MLA), a group in the US that tracks language studies, found that the number of US college students who were studying a foreign language dropped by 9 percent from 2013 to 2016, Quartz reported. And the number is still decreasing.
代词（Pronouns）是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、句子和句子的词，因此，代词的使用必须和它所替代的词性在人称、数和格上保持一致。大多数代词具有指代和修饰的功能。正确运用代词可以使句子简洁、明快，但是如果使用不当，也容易产生意义理解上的偏差。在平时的学习过程中，应注意正确、恰当地使用代词。
一人称代词
(1)人称代词的分类
(2)人称代词的句法功能
□1作主语人称代词作主语时用主格Look at the girl in the red skirt. She is my new classmate.
□2作宾语人称代词作宾语时用宾格It is a good habit for me to read a few lines before going to bed.
□3作表语人称代词作表语时用主格，但在口语中常用宾格---Who is knocking at the door? ---It’s me.
(3)人称代词的用法
□1I, we和you的用法
【注意】主格I在句子中的任何位置都要大写□2we, you, they和he的用法
□3he和she的用法
□4并列人称代词的使用顺序
□5it的用法
二物主代词
(1)物主代词的分类
(2)物主代词的用法□1形容词性物主代词
□2名词性物主代词
三反身代词表示动作回到其执行者本身，用以加强语气，意为“我(们)自己” 、“你(们)自己” 、“他(们)自己” 的代词。
(1)反身代词的分类
(2)反身代词的句法功能反身代词与他所替代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称和数上保持一致，可在句中作宾语、表语、同位语。
□1作宾语
□2作表语
□3作同位语
(3)反身代词的用法
□1反身代词用来加强语气
□2反身代词用于固定搭配中
四指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的名词，表示“这个/些“ ”那个/些“。常用的指示代词有this/ that/ these/ those
(1)指示代词的基本用法
□1this/ these指代或修饰在时间上或空间上较近的人或物，that/those指代或修饰在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。
This is my new friend. / He likes these flowers very much.
That is a lovely dog. / In those days they had a hard time.
□2that还可以指上文提到的事物，this指下文中将要提到的事物。
He got up late. That’s why he was late for class. / Please remember this: No pains, no gains.
□3打电话时，常用this介绍自己，用that来询问对方是谁。
Hello, this is Mike. Who is that speaking?
(2)this 和that作替代词的用法为了避免重复，that可替代前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词，those 可替代复数可数名词。
The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than that in Shanghai. / The days in summer are longer than those in
winter.
五不定代词不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的词。
不定代词的用法比较复杂，在掌握不定代词的用法的同时，有必要把意义相近而用法不同的不定代词进行比较。不定代词分为两大类，即普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
【拓展】从词义上看，不定代词可以分为四类：
□1表示肯定意义的不定代词some; somebody; something
□2表示非肯定意义的不定代词any; anyone; anybody; anything; either
□3表示否定意义的不定代词none; no one; nobody; nothing; neither
□4表示普遍意义的不定代词all; both; each; everyone; everybody; everything
(1)some, any
□1表示“一些“时，some与any既可以修饰或指代可数名词，也可以修饰和指代不可数名词。一般说来，some 用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句。
Some say yes, and some say no. / There is not any water in the bottle. / Do you have any brothers or sisters?
□2some用于疑问句时，表建议、请求、邀请等，或者希望得到对方的肯定回答。
Could you buy me some stamps when you pass the pose office? / Can you lend me some picture-books?
□3any用于肯定句时，表示“任何的，任何一个“。
The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at any chemist’s.
□4“some/any + …“结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数需要根据of后面的名词的单复数而定。
Some of the food has gone sour. / Are any of the paintings for sale?
(2)all, both
□1all和both都意为“都“。all指三者或三者以上的人或物；both则指两个人或物。
All of them have now become singers. / Both of them are from England.
【拓展】
all用来代替或修饰复数可数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式；
all用来代替或修饰不可数名词时，位于动词用单数形式；
both作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
□2all, both作主语的同位语时，应位于实义动词之后，连系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后。
My parents both like tea very much. / Kate’s kids are both beautiful and clever. / You should all hand in your homework.
(3)one
□1one可以用来代替单数可数名词，表示泛指意义；ones用来代替复数可数名词。
I’ve been looking for a dictionary, but I can’t find one. / Shanghai has a lot of old buildings, but it also has many
new ones.
□2one可指代不特定的人、表示“一个人，人们“。
One should do his best at all times.
□3one可以和the, this, that, which等词相连。
There are three books. Which one is hers, this one or that one or the one on the desk?
□4one, it 和that的区别
(4)either, neither
□1either表示“两者中的任何一个“，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，其后可接of短语。
You can come on Friday or Saturday. Either is OK for me. / I don’t care much for what to eat. Either of the two will do.
□2neither表示“两个都不“，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，其可接of短语。
---We have blue and yellow T-shirts. Which colour do you like? ---Oh, neither, I think red will be OK. Neither of us wants to speak to him about this matter.
(5)each, every
□1each指代或修饰单数可数名词，强调个体，可用于两者之间，也可用于三者或三者以上的场合。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Each of us knows the whole thing. / There are flowers on each side of the road. / We each have a computer.
□2every修饰单数可数名词，强调整体，用于三者或三者以上的场合。every修饰名词时作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Every teacher will take part in the research. / Every man is not honest. /
【特别关注】
□1every是adj，只能作定语修饰单数可数名词；□2every与否定词not连用，表示部分否定。
(6)none, no one
□1none意为“没有人；没有任何东西“，用于三者或三者以上的场合，指代人或物，既可指代复数可数名词，也可指代不可数名词，可与of连用；代替复数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数均可，常用来回答how many/ much引导的疑问句。
None of the stories are/ is interesting. / I need some paper, but there is none at hand.
□2no one意为“没有人“，常指人，仅用于指代单数可数名词，常用来回答who引导的特殊疑问句。
No one knows all of it. / ---Who are you speaking to? ---No one.
(7)other, the other, others, the others 和another
□1other意为“其他的；另外的“，常与复数可数名词连用。
Any other questions? / Come some other day. / We have no other place to go.
□2the other意为“两者中的另一个“，常与one连用，构成one…the other…结构，意为”(两者中的一个……另一个……)“
I have two uncles. One is a salesman, and the other is an engineer.
□3others泛指“别的人或物“，相当于”other +复数可数名词“，常构成some…others….结构，意为”一些……另一些……“。
Some children are play basketball and others are playing soccer.
□4the others特指“其余所有的人或物“，相当于”the other + 复数可数名词“。
There are forty students in our class. Eighteen are girls. The others are boys.
□5another表示“三者或三者以上中的另外一个“，一般修饰或代替单数可数名词，还可以用于”another + 数词+ 复数可数名词“结构，相当于”数词+ more + 复数可数名词“，表示在原有的基础上需要更多数量的东西。
---Could we see eac h other at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning? --- Sorry, let’s make it another time.
There are another twenty trees to plant today. (= There are twenty more trees to plant today.)
(8)many, much
□1many和much都表示“许多，大量“。many只修饰可数名词，much只修饰不可数名词。
My cousins have collected stamps for two years. They have many stamps from different countries. / They didn’t know much Chinese.
【拓展】many/much也可单独使用，后接“of+限定词+名词/代词”，表示“…..中的多少”: Much of her money was spent on clothers.
□2too many与too much都表示“太多“，too many修饰复数可数名词，too much修饰不可数名词。much too 表示”太“，可修饰形容词或副词。
There are too many mistakes in the composition. / He has too much work to do. / I’m afraid that this coat is much too big for me.
(9)few, a few, little, a little 这几个词(组)都表示数量，既可用作代词，也可用作形容词，修饰名词。
A few of us have been to Chicago. / He has written many books, but few of them are good.
Please add a little sugar to the milk. / There is little news about this movie star in the newspaper. Where can I get any?
(10)复合不定代词由some, any, no, every加上-one, -body, -thing等构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。
【拓展】
→含-thing的复合不定代词常用it代替；含-body/-one的复合不定代词常用they代替：
Something is wrong with my bike, isn’t it? / Someone is here, aren’t they?
→主谓一致：复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：
Everything goes well.
□1some-类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，表示“某人/物“；也可用于表示请求、邀请或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。
You don’t have a drink. Can I get you something? / There is someone(somebody) in the classroom.
□2any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，表示“某人/物“；也可用于肯定句中，表示”任何人/物“。
Does anyone live here? / I didn’t know anybody in the park. / They will do anything for a happy life.
□3every-类复合不定代词表示“所有人/物“，与否定词连用表示部分否定。
Money is n’t everything. / Not everyone likes sports.
【辨析】everyone与every one：everyone “人人，每人”，只指人，不可以接of短语；every one “每个”，指人或物，可跟of短语
Is everyone here today? / I have read every one of your books.
□4复合不定代词后可加’s构成所有格。
There’s somebody’s book left in the classroom.
□5复合不定代词与形容词连用时，位于形容词之前。
Mrs. Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook something different for me during my stay in Canada.
六相互代词是表示相互关系的代词，主要有each other和one another，意为“相互，互相“。each other主
要用于两者之间；one another主要用于三者或三者以上。在现代英语中，each other也可用于三者或三者以上之间。
(1)相互代词作宾语
□1作动词的宾语They often help each other(one another) when they are in trouble.
□2作介词的宾语She put all her books beside each other(one another).
(2)相互代词作定语
They said hello to each other’s (one another’s) families.
七疑问代词用来表示疑问或者构成疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。常用的疑问代词及句法功能如下：
【提示】whose/ which/ what还可用作限定词，后接名词，在句中作定语。
(1)who, whom的用法两者都意为“谁“，用来指人，其中who可用作主语、宾语和表语，whom只用作宾语，作动词宾语时可与who互换，在介词后作宾语只能用whom，而不能用who。
Who would like to go with you? / Who are they writing to? / Who is that man with long hair? / To whom did you speak just now?
(2)whose的用法意为“谁的“，既可置于名词前作定语，也可单独使用，作主语、表语和宾语。
Whose camera is this? / They are both good at math, but whose is better? / Whose are those dictionaries?
(3)which的用法意为“哪一个，哪一些“，可用来指代人或物，在句中作主语、宾语和定语。which和who 及what的不同在于which一般有特定的选择范围，而who和what则没有。
---Which T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one? ---I prefer the red one.
【拓展】which可与of短语连用：Which of these sweaters would you like to buy?
(4)what的用法意为“什么“，可单独使用，也可放在名词前，既可以指代或修饰单数可数名词，也可以指代或修饰复数可数名词，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
What happened to him? / What do you want to do? / What are your reasons for coming to China? / What color do you like best?
【辨析】what与who作表语(指人)时的区别
---What is your uncle? ---He is an engineer. ---Who is the boy? ---He is my brother.
八连接代词指用来连接主语、宾语从句、表语从句等的代词。连接代词主要包括表示疑问的连接代词和表示陈述的连接代词，前者称为疑问连接代词，后者成为非疑问连接代词。常用的连接代词有who/ whom/ whose/ which/ what/ whoever/ whatever/ whichever等
(1)疑问连接代词在其引导的名词性从句中表示疑问意义，并且在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
No one knows what will happen next. / He didn’t tell me whose watch this was.
【拓展】表示疑问的连接代词后面可以跟动词不定式，二者一起作主语、表语、宾语等。
Eg. He doesn’t know who/whom to invite.
(2)非疑问连接代词在其引导的名词性从句中没有疑问含义，但在从句中充当一定的成分。
We won’t trust who don’t believe in themselves.
We should try to help whoever we love.
九关系代词指用来引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语的代词，代表句子所修饰的成分。
详见定语从句
代词 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 一、代词的分类英语中常把代词分为人称代词、无主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、 连接代词、不定代词和相互代词。 二、代词的用法 1．人称代词：人称代词是指人的代词，有性、数、格的区别。表示“我” “你” “他” “我们” “你们” “他们”。请看下表： (1)人称代词主格在句中作主语。例如：She is my English teacher. (2)宾格在句中作宾语。例如：They don’t want me to go there alone. Don’t worry. I can look after her. (3)宾格还可以作宾格。特别是在口语中。例如：--- Who’s that? --- It’s me. 注意：①人称代词we, you, they 可以用来表示一般人。例如： You cannot go into the hall with slippers. 不准穿拖鞋进入大厅。 ②人称代的主格作表语，一般都在正中的谈话中，表示强调。例如： It was he who took away the necklace. 是他拿走了那条项链。 ③人称代词she可以用指代祖国、大地、月亮、轮船等。例如： The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston. 轮船要起航了。这时她第一次去波士顿。 We love our country, we hope she’ll be stronger and stronger. 我们热爱我们的祖国，我们希望她越来越强大。 ④It作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等。例如： It is about 10 kilometres from here. 离这儿大约有10公里。 ⑤It 还可用作形式主语或形式宾语，来代替由不定式，动词的-ing,形式或主语从句构成的真正的主语或宾语，以避免句子头重脚轻。例如： It is not easy to learn English well.
中考英语语法专题复习--代词 Sentence 1 When I talk to my friends back in the US, one of the things they often ask me is whether I miss the food back home. I do miss certain things, like my mom’s cooking, as well as a kind of food that I cannot find in Beijing －Americanized Chinese food. Why would you want a foreign version of Chinese food when you can get the real thing? Well, American Chinese food is attractive in its own way. Sentence 2 If you’re reading this right now, you are probably interested in learning English as a second language and think it could be a valuable skill in the future. But these days, fewer college students in the United States are studying foreign languages themselves. Sentence 3 Of course, I very much enjoy authentic (正宗的) Chinese food. But there is something about American Chinese dishes, like General Tso’s chicken (左宗棠鸡) and chow mein (炒面), that I really miss. When I go home for holidays, my family is always surprised when I ask them to order American Chinese takeout. But to me, it is a special treat indeed. Sentence 4 Every American Chinese takeout meal also comes with fortune cookies. These are thin, hollow cookies that have a small piece of paper inside. Your “fortune” is written on the paper, along with your “lucky numbers”. You’ll never get these cookies when eating takeout in China. Sentence 5 The Modern Language Association (MLA), a group in the US that tracks language studies, found that the number of US college students who were studying a foreign language dropped by 9 percent from 2013 to 2016, Quartz reported. And the number is still decreasing.
代词 一．代词的种类。 二．难点解析 (一)代词it, they与替代词one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those的用法区别。 it指代前面提到过的事物，they为其复数形式。 one替代单数名词，表不特定的名词，即泛指；ones为其复数形式。 the one替代前面的单数名词，表特征，往往其后代定语，the ones为其复数形式。 that即可替代特指的单数可数名词，也可代替特指的不可数名词，若替代特指的单数可数名词时，相当于the one，those替代复数名词，相当于the ones. eg: Your story is interesting, but I don‘t like it. I haven‘t a computer; I want to buy one next year. The dictionary on the desk is much better than that/the one on the shelf. The population in China is much larger than that in Japan. The conditions(条件) are like those in the real spaceship. (二) another, other, others, the other, the others的用法。 (1)another泛指不定范围中的―另一个‖，只能修饰或替代单数可数名词，但在名词前加2以上的数词可修饰复数名词。 eg: We still need another two workers to help us. another前面不可加the, an修饰。如： I don‘t like this jacket. Can you show me another? (作宾语) Would you like to have another cup of coffee? (作定语) (2)other泛指不定范围中的―另一些‖，用来修饰复数名词；others泛指不定范围中的―另一些人、事、物‖，用来代替复数名词。如：
中考英语语法专题—代词 代词 代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词可以分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词。 一、人称代词 1、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表： 单数复数 格主格宾格主格宾格 第一人称 i me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her they them it it they them 2、人称代词的用法 （1）代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格： he has great concern for them. 他很关心他们。 they all like him very much. 他们都很喜欢他。 she gave the books to you and me. 这些书是她送给你和我的。 （2）人称代词作表语时，用宾格时较多，特别是在口语中，例如：who is knocking at the door？－it’s me. 谁敲门？－是我。 if i were her, i would take the advice. 我要是她就接收这个意见。 imagine yourself to be me. 设想你是我。 但在下面这种结构中却常用主格： it was he who did it. it is she who wants it. 在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格：
he is more intelligent than her. he is taller than i am. 3、在使用人称代词时还应注意以下几点： （1）we, you两词有时可用来泛指一般人： we (you) have to be cautious under such circumstances. 在这样的情况下大家应特别小心。 we (you) should keep calm even when we (you) are in danger. 即使在危急时刻也要保持冷静。 they也可用来泛指某一些人： they don’t allow us to smoke here. 这儿不让抽烟。（they代表谁不清楚） they don’t make decent furniture nowadays. 现今做不出象样的家具。 （2）she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等： i think england will do what she promised to do. 我想英国会履行她的诺言。 the “easter” is due in tomorrow, isn’t she? 东方号轮船明天进港，是吗？ （3）在并列的主语中，i总放在最后： mr. wang and i are in charge of the work. 我和王先生负责这项工作。 a
中考英语专项复习——代词 （一）指示代词：this ， that ， these ， those 。 this , that 一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用（但that 可单独指代不可数名词）。 that apple ( √ ) that meat ( × ） 填空：The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as __ in Guangzhou 。 （二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 1)人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格, 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格） eg 。 1) I thank you 2） You thank me. 2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词. 一变(my-mine)； 二留（his —his its —its ）; 三加s(your —yours ； our —ours ; her —hers ; their —theirs) 用法：有名不名,无名是名 3）反身代词:某某自己；亲自 反身代词的常见搭配： 1。enjoy oneself 玩得高兴;过得愉快 2。hurt oneself 伤着自己 3.teach oneself = learn… by oneself 自学 4.(all ） by oneself (完全）独立地 5。help oneself to 请自便；随便吃… 6.look after oneself 自理；照顾自己 7。leave one by oneself 把…单独留下 8。lose oneself in 陶醉于…；沉浸于 （三)不定代词 1)some 与any 一般情况下，some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some-此类句型常以could , would 开头) 2） many + 可数 = a lot of ： 许多 lots of / a number of/ plenty of much + 不可数 (但a lot of 不能用于否定句） 3） few , a few ； little , a little
中考初中英语语法--代词 一．人称代词 （一）形式 二．物主代词 （一）形式 （二）用法
练一练 一．写出代词形式 二．用所给代词的适当形式填空 1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) 5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you ) 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she ) 7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you ) 8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they) 9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) 10. Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they ) 11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) 12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? ( she ) 13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he ) 14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they ) 15. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we ) 16. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they ) 17. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he ) 18. May I sit beside _________? ( you ) 19.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
代词 （1）人称代词的用法 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的基本结构 人称代词在句于中作主语时用主格，作动词或介词的宾语时用宾格。例如:应谈说between you and me,而不是between you and I。 ● 人称代词在句子中作表语时，口语中常用宾格来代替主格。 例如:一Who's that?一-It's me. ● 如果主语是并列的几个人，要将人称代词you放在最前面，I 放在最后面。 例如:You, he and I are all from Bejing. ● it可用来指动物、无生命的东西或者指上文已提到的或下文将要提到的事物，也可以指自然现象、时间、距离、温度等。例如: The horse is a useful animal. I like it very much. It's rather cold today, isn't it? [注]“it” 还是可用作引导词, 在句中作形式主语或形式宾语，代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正主语或宾语。 例如:It is not easy to learn English well.(it 在句中作形式主语) it”可用在强调结构中，强调句子的某一成分。 ● 形容词性物主代词只能用作定语，修饰名词:名词性物主代词相当于名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语。 例如: This pen is hers，mine is in my office. Can I use yours? ● 反身代词不能单独用作主语，也不能用作定语，但可以用来强调名词或代词，作名词或代词的同位语，有“亲自”的意思。例如: I always have to do everything myself. ● 反身代词可用作动词或介词的宾语。当主语和宾语指的是同一人和物时，宾语应用反身代词而不用宾格人称代词。例如: Her brother is too young to look after himself. (2)指示代词 指示代词有this, these that, those, such和same它们通常在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。 ● this(these)往往指下面要讲的东西，面that(those)则常指前面已经讲述过的。例如: This is what I mean- you should go at once. His bike was broken. That's why he was late. ●为了避免重复，常用that, those分别代替前面提到的单数名词或复数名词。例如:The weather in Guangzhou is better than that ( = the weather) in Wuhan. The apples on the table are larger than those ( = the apples) in the basket. ●such常用于“such +a/an+单数可数名词”或"such+复数名词”结构。 例如:How could she think of such an idea?
专题三：代词 He teaches _____(we) Chinese . / I’m waiting for you.(介词的宾语) / It’s me.(宾格做表语) 2.三种人称代词并列充当主语时时,顺序为: 单数:（二,三,一）——（You, she and I ）复数:（一,二,三）——(we , you and they ) 注：:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.) eg：She and I have been to Beijing .（一般情况）Who broke the window ? I and Mike .（承担责任） 注：it 还有一些特别的用法。 1) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起来像。….” 2）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么样”. QQ 3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“轮到某人做sth” 4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了该做sth的时候”5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中. 6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. 主语+make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . I find it difficult to remember these wors. eg: My name is Tom.( 形容词性物主代词) 2、名词性物主代词，后面不能加名词,名词性物主代词常与of 连用 He is a friend of mine(我的一个朋友) eg：Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . / This is a friend of ______(my). 注: 1) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+ 名词(上题中mine=my friends) 2)形容词性物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own
中考英语语法——代词 代词是用来代替名词起名词作用的词。是中考英语试题中考查较多的词类之一，在中考中考点常分布在单项选择、完形填空和完成句子中。分值为1-3分，考查点主要集中在： 1. 人称代词的主格和宾格； 2. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别； 3. 反身代词的人称和数的变化以及固定搭配； 4. 指示代词的单复数； 5. 易混不定代词的区别与运用； 6. one(s)。 攻克方法：全面掌握中学阶段所学的英语知识， 归纳总结其用法，尤其是一些易混淆的代词的用法。 一、知识精讲 （一）人称代词 1. 人称代词分为主格和宾格。如下表所示： 单数 复数 数 格 人称 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he she it him her it they them 2. 人称代词的一般用法 1)人称代词主格在句子中作主语，宾格在动词或介词后作宾语 【例句】 I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语） 2)人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。 【例句】 —Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me.
注意：I（我)无论是放在句首、句尾还是句中，都要大写。 状元典例 —Is the woman a teacher? —Yes. She teaches ______ English. A．you B．us C．our D．your 答案：B 思路分析：本题考查的是人称代词宾格的用法。行为动词后用宾格作宾语，即：teach sb. sth .(教某人某物)，故选择B。 3. 人称代词的特殊用法 1) it的特殊用法 指天气It’s sunny today. 指距离It is 5 kilometres from here to there? 指时间It is eig ht o’clock. 指气候It is cold in winter. 2) 人称代词的习惯顺序 顺序 单数you, he and I 复数we, you and they 状元典例 —Oh, there's someone in the room. —______must be my brother. A. He B. This C. It D. You 答案：C 思路分析：本题考查的是it 的用法。在无法辨别性别的情况下用it指代某人，故选择C。 （二）物主代词 1. 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示：
学习参考好帮手 代词 ①人称代词: 主格: 单数I 、you 、he 、she 、 it 复数 we 、you 、they 宾格: 单数me 、you 、him 、her 、it 复数us 、 you 、them ⑵物主代词: 形容词性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、your 、their 名词性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs ③反身代词: myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves 1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词，名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个名词。 2.注意名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系,是单数还是复数。 如：⑴These books aren't ours. Ours are new. (这里ours=our books) ⑵This is not our room. Ours is over there. (这里ours=our room) 3."of+名词性物主代词"表示所属 如：a sister of his 他的一个妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 4.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为：“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”。 如：You, she and I all enjoy the music. 5.关于反身代词，同学们须掌握其固定结构： enjoy oneself=have a good time (过得很愉快) by oneself=alone (单独、独自) help oneself to … (随便吃/喝 些...) learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自学) 练习题 1.-Whose trousers are these? -_____, I think. A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them 2. Nobody taught___English. He taught____. A.him, himself B.his, himself C.him, by himself D.his, his （二） 修饰可数名词 many few 表否定意义 a few 表肯定意义 修饰不数名词 much little 表否定意义 a little 表肯定意义 few 和 little 与 quite 或 only 连用时，常加不定冠词 a.如:There are quite a few new books in the library.= 用little, a little, few, a few 填空: 1.I often stay at home because I have ______ friends here. 2.Jim,don't go and get some water. There is ______ water in the glass. 3.Though he learned French only ________ weeks. He can speak very well. 4.Lily had _________ bread because she was hungry yesterday. （三）不定代词: something, anything, nothing. 当形容词修饰这三个不定代词时，常后置。 如：something new There's __________ in today's newspaper. 中考题 A.important anything B.important something C.anything important D.something important (四)另外，还要注意代词some, every, all, both, either, another 1.some （一些，某） 一般用于肯定句中 注：some 有时也可用于表示请求的疑问句中。 any （任何） 多用于疑问句和否定句 ① Will you give me some water? ② Would you like some meat? ③ May I ask some questions? ④ Could I have some apples? 2.every ＋单数名词 “每一个” 强调共性，作定语,形式上为单数。 each “每一个” 强调个性，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语，常与of 连用。 如: Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt. Every child likes playing games. 3.all “(全部)都” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在连系、助动词之后，行为动词之前。 none “没有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词 of 如： We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada. None of us is/are afraid of dogs.（单、复数均可） 4.both “（两者）都”,作主语时，看作复数；作定语时，后跟名词复数。 either “两者中任何一个” ,作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时，后跟名词单数。 neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，用法同either 。
中考英语总复习 专题三代词 考点一人称代词 人称代词即指对人的称呼的词（你、我、他等），分为主格和宾格两种形式。 【温馨提示】人称代词语序 单数人称代词并列作主语时用“二、三、一（you, he/she and I）”；复数人称代词并列作主语时用“一、二、三（we, you and they）”。例如： ①You, he and I are all good friends. 你、他和我都是好朋友。 ②We, you and they like the same sport. 我们、你们和他们都喜欢同一项运动。 注意：在承认错误、担当责任时，把说话人I放在首位。 考点二物主代词 物主代词即指事物的主人（我的，你的，他的），分为形容词性物主代词（名词前）和名词性物主代词（后无名词）。 【温馨提示】 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别：
考点三反身代词 1. 反身代词的单复数形式 反身代词就是指某人自己，单数以-self结尾，复数以-selves 结尾。第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性 ①Tom enjoyed himself in the Water Park. 汤姆在水上公园玩得很开心。 ②“I’ll teach myself. I’m sure I can do it by myself. ” Linda said to herself. 琳达心里想：“我要自学，我确定我能独立做它。” 2. 反身代词的语法功能 （1）作宾语 当主语与宾语是同一人时，宾语要用反身代词，人称和数要与主语一致 We teach ourselves English. 我们自学英语。 （2）作同位语 用来加强语气，作主语的同位语时，有时为了使句子平衡而把同位语放在句子末尾 I can do it myself. 我自己能做它。 （3）作表语 常与系动词be，look，feel，seem连用，表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态 I don’t feel myself today. 我今天感到不舒服。 考点四不定代词 不明确指代某个（些）人、某个（些）事物的代词叫不定代词。 不定代词的特殊用法 (1)当形容词或else修饰不定代词时，不定代词总是位于修饰词的前面。例如： ①There is nothing new in his speech. 在他的演讲中没有新内容。 ②Did she tell you anything else? 她告诉你别的事情了吗？ (2)当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词they 来代替；当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词it来代替。例如： ①Everyone is here, aren’t they? 大家都在这儿，难道不是吗？ ②Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it? 春天万物开始生长，不是吗？ 常见不定代词的用法
中考英语必考语法专项复习—代词 1.人称代词主格、宾格 2.物主代词 3.关系代词 4.不定代词 5.疑问代词 1.概念：代替名词的词 2.分类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代 词、相互代词、不定代词、关系代词（引导定语从句）、疑问代词（引导疑问句）、连接代词（引导宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句）等。 二、人称、物主、反身代词 功能例句 主格 作主语I am a teacher. 宾格 作动词宾语Miss Li teaches us English. 作介词宾语Mary didn't want to go with me. 作表语---Who is it？---It's me. it的特殊用法 指时间It is early spring, but it's already very hot.
指天气It rained heavily last night. 指距离It is about ten minutes walk from here to my home. 作形式主语、形式宾语It is very nice of you to help us.I find it easy to learn maths. 指前文提到的物---Where is my book? ---It's on the desk. 指不知性别的婴儿或不确定性别的人 The baby is crying. I may be hungry. 2. 物主代词的用法 功能例句备注 形容词性物主代词 作主语Her father is a doctor. 形容词性物主代词作定语相当于形容词 名词性物主代词 作主语This is her pen. Mine is broken. 名词性物主代词在句中不能单独作定语。如：Yours English is better than hers Your English is better than hers.作宾语Her spoken English is better than mine. 作表语That pencil is hers.
语法专项突破 专题三 代词 考点一 人称代词 人称代词即代指对人或物的称呼的词（你、我、他等），分为主格和宾格两种形式。 分类 单数 复数 例句 人称代词 主格 I ， you ， he ，she ，it we ，you ，th ey I'm a teacher. 我是一名教师。 宾格 me ， you ， him ，her ，it us ，you ，them I know him. 我认识他。 Look at me. 看着我。 考点二 物主代词 1．物主代词的分类 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 my our mine ours 第二人称 your your yours yours 第三人称 his their his theirs her hers its its 2.物主代词的用法 （1）形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性，在句中用作定语，后面必须接名词。 This is my bag.这是我的书包。 （2）名词性物主代词具有名词的特性，后面不能再跟名词。它相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”。在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。 —Whose bike is this ？这是谁的自行车？ —It's mine.是我的。（mine ＝my bike ） 考点三 反身代词 反身代词就是代指某人自己，单数以-sel f 结尾，复数以-selves 结尾。 考点四 不定代词 不定 代词 作用 在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和同位语等 分类 肯定性 both ，all ，many ，much ，one ，other ，each ，another ，either ，a few ，a little ，some （someone ，somebody ，something ）， any （anyone ，anybody ，anything ），every （everyone ，everybody ，everything ） 否定性 no ，neither ，none ，nobody ，nothing ，few ，little 指示代词有单数形式的this 与that 和复数形式的these 与those 。指示代词的用法主要有以下几点： 1．this 和these 指时间或空间较近的人或物，也指下文将要提到的事，还可用来介绍别
2. 物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两
指示代词有：this, that, these, those 疑问代词有：who, whom whose, what, which, 还有疑问副词：when, how, where, why。 不定代词主要有：some, any, many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either… 1. 物主代词的用法 形容词性物主代词：作定语，相当形容词，不能单独使用，后面必须加名词； 名词性物主代词：不作定语，相当名词词组，可单独使用，后面不须加名词。 如：Here is my sister. Her name is Jenny.（形容词性物主代词） Is that coffee yours or hers? (名词性物主代词) 2. 反身代词的用法 teach oneself 自学 speak/say to oneself 自言自语 by oneself独自地 help oneself to 随便吃…… enjoy oneself 玩得开心 make yourself at home 请自便
3. 指示代词的用法:主要有四个，即this, that, these 和those 1）指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，例如：单数复数 限定词：This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. 代词：This is Mary. Those are my teachers. ♣1, 为避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。如： The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground) My seat is next to that of the mayor. 我的座位在市长座位旁边。 ♣2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this .如：——She is a beautiful girl. ——Who said that? I want to know this: Is she beautiful? ♣3. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用that指对方：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗? 4. 疑问代词的用法
Grammarlesson 3 代词&介词 代词 1.定义：代词是替代名词或名词短语的以一种词类，大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。例如： This is my best friend, John. He is my classmate. His house is next to my house. 这是我最好的朋友John，他是我的同班同学。他的房子紧靠着我的家。 2.分类： 一、人称代词 人称代词是为了避免重复，用来替代前面提到的人、动物或事物的词。 人称代词根据用法的不同，有人称、性别，单复数和格的变化： （1）人称代词 主格用作主语 人称代词的主 格在句子中作 主语： a.在陈述句中，人称代词主格位于句首 b.在疑问句中，人称代词主格位于be动词/助动词后 例如：
（2）人称代词宾格用作宾语 人称代词宾格一般放在动词或介词后，作动词或介词的宾语: 例如： （3）多个人称代词同时出现的顺序 a.单数（ 2 3 1 ）：第二人称，第三人称，第一人称 You, he and I should e back home now. b.复数（ 1 2 3 ）：第一人称，第二人称，第三人称 We, you and they like this film very much. （4）特殊用法
二、物主代词 1.物主代词的分类 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 （1）形容词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句子中做定语，后接名词。 I would like to ask you where did you find your pen? This is my puter. Your puter is on Tom’s desk. （2）名词性物主代词 a. 名词性物主代词相当于名词，在句中可做主语，表语和宾语等。 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 My car is in front of the cinema. Hers is far from here.（做主语） These stamps are mine.（做表语） Our ideas are different from theirs.（做宾语） b.“of+名词性物主代词”的用法 of+名词性物主代词相当于of+名词所有格短语，表示部分概念（......之一）。或表示感情色彩。 A friend of yours is waiting for you at the school. 你的一个朋友正在学校等你。 A dog of mine got lost last week. 我的一只小狗上周走丢了。 三、反身代词 1.定义：反身代词是表示“.......自己”的一种代词。 2.反身代词的分类：