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高考英语一般过去时知识讲解一、结构和用法在英语学习中，时态的掌握是至关重要的一环。
其中，一般过去时作为描述过去发生的动作或存在的状态的时态，具有其独特的结构和用法。
（一）一般过去时的结构1、肯定形式结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他例句：She went to the park yesterday.她昨天去了公园。
规则动词过去式的构成：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed，如：look looked。
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed，如：live lived。
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节(辅元辅结构)，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop stopped。
末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed，如：study studied。
2、否定形式结构1：主语 + was/were + not + 其他(be动词的否定)例句：He wasn't at home this morning.他今天早上没在家。
结构2：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他(行为动词的否定)例句：I didn't know you like coffee.我之前不知道你喜欢喝咖啡。
3、一般疑问句结构1：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例句：Did you go to Beijing last week? 你们上周去北京了吗?结构2：Was/Were + 主语 + 表语?例句：Were you a student 10 years ago?10年前你是学生吗?4、一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成结构：疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例句：What did you do last night?昨天晚上你做了什么?常见的特殊疑问词有：who, what, whose, which, when, where, why, how, how long, how much等。
词·清平乐禁庭春昼，莺羽披新绣。
百草巧求花下斗，只赌珠玑满斗。
日晚却理残妆，御前闲舞霓裳。
谁道腰肢窈窕，折旋笑得君王。
高考英语语法讲义1. 语法概述（主要内容：英语语法的学习方法与高考应试技巧、高考英语语法考点总体架构解析）2. 名词、数词、冠词3. 代词4. 代词（续）、形容词与副词5. 动词概述（主要内容：解析包括情态动词在内的动词各类型）6. 时态7. 语态、语气、非谓语动词8. 非谓语动词（续）、介词9. 定语从句10. 状语从句11. 名词性从句、主谓一致12. 倒装句、省略句、情景交际单选题真题训练Unit 1 语法概述第一部分：应试技巧之真题演练（一）1. Never ___ time come back again.A．will lose B．will lost C．will losing D．will to lose2. We had ___ arrived at the train station when the train began to move.A．no sooner B．hardly C．almost D．nearly3. The days we looked forward to ____ at last.A．comes B．to come C．came D．coming4. Time should be made good use of ___ our lessons well.A．learing B．learned C．to learn D．learns第二部分：应试技巧之真题演练（二）— David has made great progress recently.— ____, and ____．A．So he has; so you have B．So he has; so have youC．So has he; so have you D．So has he; so you have第三部分：关于各种句子类型的否定式的总结注一、陈述句的否定式陈述句的否定式主要体现在谓语中。
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中，谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如，你、我、他是学生，中文“是”字是一样的，只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变：I am，you are，he is。
主谓一致有三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。
（一）语法一致名词是单数，谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住：绝大多数都用单数，只有明确的复数名词，谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜，只能是复数，如果前面加上“一双”“一条”，后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数，一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然，all才是真正的主语，所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里，She才是真正的主语，所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
定语从句定语从句的核心考点1.功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
2.位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。
Those who are for the plan raise your hands，please.3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some-，any-，every-和no-与-body，-thing的合成词；或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
4.关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as等关系副词：when，where，why等5.确定关系词的步骤：(1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。
(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。
(1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit (them) in China.6.在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which：(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
(2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，few等修饰时。
(3)先行词为all，much，little，none，few，something，anything等不定代词时。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。
高中英语语法非谓语动词分析及巩固练习1．定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。
可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。
2．动词不定式：to ＋动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to ）。
（没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化）1 一般式：主动语态：to do , 被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)2 进行式：主动语态：to be doing , 被动语态：无 (表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)3 完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)4 用法：A．作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It's not easy to learn a foreign language .B．作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time .C．作宾语：a. 动词＋to do . He decided to buy a new watch . (agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …)b. 动词＋疑问词＋to do I don't know where to put the bike .c. 动词＋形式宾语(it)＋宾补＋to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .D．作补语：a. 动词＋宾语＋to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow,encourage…)b. 动词＋宾语＋不带to的动词 He often saw Tom play football .(see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let…)E．作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren't old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F．作定语： I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .5 动词不定式to 的省略：A．在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to。
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词(the antecedent).定语从句由关系代词: who, whom, which, 关系形容词whose 和关系副词when, where, why引导，关系词除了起连接从句和名词的作用外，还作从句的句子成分。
1.限制性定语从句Who的先行词是人，作定语从句的主语：This is the man who will give us a talk tomorrow.Whom的先行词是人，作定语从句的宾语：This is the man whom I talked about the other day.Which 的先行词是物，作从句的主语和宾语Here is a book which may be helpful in you English study.This is the book which I like best.上述例句都可改用that.Whose是个关系形容词，在从句中作定语。
A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.When, where, why 分别作从句的时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
He will never forget the day when the accident took place.This was the room where we studied.Do you know the reason why he was late?2.非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词（许多是专有名词），也可以是整个主句，它对先行词不加限定，只起附加说明作用，如果没有，也不影响句意和语法结构。
非限定性定语从句和先行词书写时有逗号断开。
Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.She was late again, which was annoying.区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句很重要。
一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点：1.表达将来时的形式：(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如：I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。
(宾语从句)比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。
(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如：See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语：(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。
如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。
如：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months，主句用现在完成时,如：The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中，主句更多的时候不用完成时。
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中从句主句与现实事实相反一般过去式（be--were）Should/would/could/might + V原与过去事实相反Had + done Should/would/could/might +have done与将来事实相反过去式；should+V 原；were to + V原Should/would/could/might + V原1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.例句：If there were no subjunctive mood, English ( ) much easier to learn. （B）A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
高中英语语法之常用时态知识点和练习题英语六种常用时态知识点一、一般现在时 (be;do/does)1.概念：表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
经常性、习惯性动作。
标志词：often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally 等和时间状语如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, on Sundays, every day/week/month/year,等。
用法：（1）.客观事实和普遍真理。
The earth runs around the sun.（2）表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。
常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。
How often does this shuttle bus run?这班车多久一趟？（3）在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as,等引导的时间状语从句或由if, so/as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现）。
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。
二、一般过去时1.概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
2.标志词：yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in , at that time等。
高中英语语法之谓语以及谓语动词的用法归纳讲义谓语（predicate verb）是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后。
谓语由动词构成，依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。
不论何种时态、语态、语气，凡由一个动词（或动词词组）构成的谓语都是简单谓语。
谓语动词一般由动词的各种时态来体现。
例如：I like walking. (一般现在时主动语态)I made your birthday cake last night. (一般过去时主动语态)It is used by travellers and business people all over the world. (一般现在时被动语态)复合谓语也可分为两种情况：第一种是由情态动词，助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语：What does this word mean?I won't do it again.You'd better catch a bus.第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。
例如：The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer.Keep quiet and listen to me.He looked worried.常考要点之谓语动词(一) 谓语动词的主谓一致①、主谓分割原则例1：To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle, America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.分析：symbolize应改为symbolizes。
主语谓语用逗号分割开，主语the bald eagle为单数，谓语动词也应该用单数形式。
②、与后者一致原则not…but, 强调but后面的名词，not only…but also③、与前者一致原则名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词，谓语用is,中心词在前面，谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致例：The athlete, together with his coach and several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.分析：谓语动词应该与the athlete 保持一致，所以are改为is④、就近原则or, either…or, neither…nor,单数名词+or+复数名词+are如果把句子变为一般疑问句，也就是把be动词提到前面，那么变为is所以注意一点：如果是陈述句，靠后面近，用复数如果是疑问句，靠前面近，用单数例：The structure or behavior of many protozoans are amazingly complex for single-celled animals.分析：or应改为and。
高考英语语法讲义
序言该如何学好语法？
一、高考语法怎么考？
二、所谓语法，究竟为何？
三、高考语法怎么学？
四、高考语法考什么？
1、时态——一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时、将来完成时
+非谓语动词/主谓一致
2、从句——定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句
3、情态——can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, ought to, will, would, used to, be to, be supposed to, had better, need, dare
4、语态——被动语态
5、介词
6、词与句
词：名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词和感叹词、动词
句：It句、There be句型、倒装句、强调句、省略句、
第一讲句子
一、句子成分
1、主语
Honesty is the best policy.
Running is good for health.
2、谓语——表示主语的行为、动作或者所处的状态。
The plane takes off at 8.
3、宾语
直接宾语与间接宾语
Show me your tickets, please.
I love you.
We should help the poor.
I would advise waiting until tomorrow.
4、表语——与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语，用来说明主语的特征、类型、状态、身份。
Angela was the first to leave.
Wasting time is killing yourself.
5、同位语——对于句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分。
We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and an America.
Jessica, a famous doctor in China, can’t solve the problem.
The news that we’re having a holiday tomorrow is true.
e.g.The most widely accepted theory about the beginning of drama is based on the concept ______ drama evolved from ritual（宗教典礼）.
6、定语——用来描述名词或代词的修饰语。
Open your mouth.
It’s a wonderful night.
This is a stone table.
My sister who works in Shanghai sends me an email every day.
后置定语
I have got something interesting to tell you.
The books on the top shelf were just bought.
7、状语——修饰动词、形容词、副词、其他状语或主句。
可以表示时间、地点、方式、比较、程度、目的、结果、条件和让步。
Tom speaks English very fast.
Arriving here, call me up.
The meeting is going to held in Room 321.
The telephone rang while I was taking a bath.
e.g.Please make sure you always put your medicines ______ children can’t reach them.
8、补足语——
We find him funny.
二、六种基本句型
1、S+V God died.
2、S+V+O I love you.
3、S+V+P I am a good boy.
4、S+V+O i+O d You give love a bad name.
5、S+V+O+C
6、There be 结构
第二讲名词性从句
第一节主语从句
That I love you worries you.
一、主语从句的连接词
1、从属连词：that, whether, if
2、连接代词——表疑问:who, whoever, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever
e.g. _____ caused fire is being investigated now.
3、连接副词——when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however
Where the school is going to set up the library is now under discussion.
二、That 引导的主语从句
1、that置于句首的主语从句
e.g. _______ he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.
2、形式主语it 替代主语从句
（1）It is+形容词+that 从句。
necessaryrightlikelyunlikelywrongimportantcertainclearobviousstrangenatural
e.g. It is likely ______ there will be a snowstorm tomorrow.
It is quite obvious _____ human activities have greatly contributed to species endangerment. （2）It is +名词+that 从句
a pitya shamegood newsa factan honoura wonderno wonder
e.g.
It’s a pity _____ you didn’t attend the lecture yesterday.
It’s no wonder _____ you’ve achieved so much success.
It is my own opinion______ zoos, although not perfect, do have a useful function.
（3）It+ be+动词-ed+ that 从句
said told heard reported decided suggested advised ordered remembered thought considered well known hoped announced
e.g.
It is often said _____ the joy of traveling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.
It is argued by some writers_____ the transition to the father’s role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother’s role.
（4）It+ 特殊动词+ that 从句
seem appear happen matter find out turn out work out
e.g.Our club is open to adults only. It seems _____ your children have entered without permission.
It seems _____ great artists and scientists often suffer from mental problems.
2、that 主语从句的疑问形式
It happened to me that I had been away when he called.
Did it happen to you that you had been away when he called.
三、if/ whether 引导的主语从句
whether 引导的从句可置于句首。
if 引导的从句不置于句首，只能放于句末。
Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.
四、wh-类连接词引导的主语从句
When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.
What we should do next remains unknown.
What the lecturer said is of great value.。
