初中英语 祈使句 感叹句 反义疑问句教案资料

感叹句、祈使句、倒装句、反义疑问句考点复习感叹句、祈使句、倒装句、反意疑问句考点复习一、.感叹句：判断感叹句用what还是how引导，应记住what 后面跟的是名词短语，而how后面跟的是形容词或副词，之后才是句子的主语和谓语等。

换言之，how引导的感叹句中第三个词一定是句子的主语。

找准感叹句中的主语是判断的重要步骤。

二、特殊的反意疑问句(1)当陈述部分含有否定意义的词如hardly，few，little，no，nobody，no one，nothing等时，附加疑问部分须用肯定形式。

但若陈述部分含有带否定前缀如im-，un-，in-，dis-等的派生词，仍作为肯定结构，附加疑问句部分用否定句。

(2)I am…反意疑问句附加疑问句部分应为aren't。

如果陈述部分是肯定或否定的祈使句，疑问部分须用will you。

(4)当陈述部分是let's do sth.时，疑问部分须用shall we来反问；而当陈述部分是let sb. do sth.等时，疑问部分仍然用will you来反问。

(5)当陈述部分主语是不定代词nobody，somebody，no one等时，疑问部分须用复数代词they，也可以用he；当陈述部分主语是不定代词nothing，something时，疑问部分须用代词it。

(6)若陈述部分为there be句型，附加疑问部分仍用there(7)主从复合句的反意疑问句一般与主句保持一致。

例如：if引导的条件状语从句主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时，而反意疑问句时态要与主句保持一致。

(8)宾语从句的反意疑问句，一般情况与主句保持一致，特殊情况：主句是I’m sure /I think/I’m afraid/Ibelieve/I suppose/I guess/imagine/expect等等时与从句保持一致。

感叹句、祈使句、反义疑问句感叹句一、定义：表达欢喜、悲伤、惊讶等感情的句子称为感叹句。

一般以疑问词what或how起始，而以惊叹号终结。

二、感叹句通常有以下形式：（一）由感叹词what引导的感叹句："what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。

1.What修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！What+名词词组+主语+谓语！如：（1）What an apple this is!（2）What a fine day it is!2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！如：（1）What beautiful flowers they are! 这些花多么漂亮呀！（2）What nice music it is!注意：在感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用an。

what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。

但有些不可数名词，如rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用what a / an，如：（1）What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！（2）What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！（3）What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！（二）由How引导的感叹句。

How用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。

"how"意为"多么"，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。

如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V… !如：（1）How clever the girl is!（2）How quickly the boy is writing!（3）How kind a man he is! 他这个人真好！注意：当how修饰动词时，“how+主语+动词”构成，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。

第七节本节目标：●祈使句●积累句型&词汇一：祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。

其主语常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。

1. 肯定的祈使句1）动词原形开头如Peel the bananas2）Be + adj.Be careful! Be quiet!3）Let's + 动词原形Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。

4)有时为了加强语气，可以在动词前面加上do，表示“务必”“一定”“确实”如：I do finish the homework!2. 否定的祈使句1) Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。

Don't be late! 别迟到了！Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

2）Let's ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。

Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

3.祈使句的反意疑问句1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。

Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。

Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。

Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？★以let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you.如：Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？即学即练：1._______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. Won'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't2. Please help me carry it, ______?A. will IB. will youC. shall ID. shall we3. Don’t make so much noise, ______?A. will youB. won't youC. shall weD. do you4. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.A. bringB. bringsC. to bringD. bringing5.________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.A. TellingB. To tellC. ToldD. Tell6. ----Don’t forget to give my best wishes to your uncle.----A.No, I don’tB.No, I won’tC.Yes, I doD.Yes, I would7. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）___ __ again more slowly, please.8. Let’s watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）Let's watch the sports games, _____ _____?9. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_____ _____ next to Nancy.10. Don’t forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Don’t forget to turn off the lights, _____ _____?11.____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and ____________ (be)polite.12.___________ (look) out! A car is coming.二：看图填空1__________ all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. Not many people realize this, but it is quite true. The human body can live 2___________ food for a long time, but two or three days without water usually leads to（导致）death. Many people do not understand how 3__________ water the human body needs at work and many people do not drink 4__________ ，especially in cold weather. Most people drink enough only in 5___________ weather. Most people drink when they are 6___________, but we often need more water, especially 7___________ doing exercise.A man’s body contains 65%-75% water. Water is very important in several different 8___________. Most people need about five to seven liters（升）of water every day, but we do not need to drink that amount（量）, 9____________ a lot of water comes from the food we eat. If we do not have enough water, however, we 10____________ tired and may become ill.三：完形填空All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help people to keep __36___, happy and to live _ 37___. People play different games in winter and summer.__ 38___ is good for swimming. And in winter people often go skating. Some sports are very __ 39___ and people everywhere like them. For example, football is very popular. In China, most people, men, ___40___ boys and girls, like to watch football games.They often talk about them. __41___ and jumping began long, long ago. But basketball and volleyball are rather __42_____. People began to play them not long ago. And people are___ 43____ new sports or games all the time. Water skiing is one of ___44_____. People ___45____ different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become friends.( )36.A. health B. busy C. healthy D. lazy ( )37.A. long B. longer C. happy D. happily ( )38.A. Winter B. Summer C. Autumn D. Spring ( )39.A. boring B. difficult C. expensive D. interesting ( )40.A. woman B. women C. old D. young( )41.A. Run B. Runs C. Running D. To run ( )42.A. new B. interesting C. popular D. old( )43.A. start B. play C. playing D. starting ( )44.A. oldest B. newest C. The oldest D. the newest ( )45.A. in B. of C. from D.at四：小小翻译家1.我们学校里仅有六个女教师。

【课堂演练】祈使句的用法指表示请求、命令、建议或劝告等的句子。

句中通常不带主语，谓语动词用原形，句末用叹号或句点。

1、以Be开头的祈使句，Be后常加形容词。

Be careful! 当心！Be quiet! 安静点！2、以动词原形开头的祈使句：（1）肯定形式：Open the door, please.（2）否定形式，句首加don’t：Don’t be late.3、以let开头的祈使句：Let me/us Let him/her/them Let's go to school.4、由“No + 动名词”构成的祈使句，表示禁止，多用于公共场合的标牌或警示语：No parking! 禁止停车！No smoking! 禁止吸烟！No littering! 禁止乱扔垃圾！5、祈使句中的省略：A little more slowly, please. Hands up, please.Quiet, please! Quick!6、祈使句的反意疑问句：（1）以动词原形或don’t开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you / won’t you.Don’t be late next time, will you?（2）以Let+宾语(通常为第一或第三人称宾格)+动词原形+其它成分构成的祈使句，完整形式，反意疑问句用will you, 缩写形式用shall we.Let us have a look at your photo, will you?Let’s go swimming, shall we?【注意】1、“祈使句＋and/or ＋简单句”是常用句型：祈使句+ and + 简单句表示“如果…，就…”Go down the street,and you'll see a hospital.祈使句+ or + 简单句表示“…否则…”Be quick,or we'll be late.2、在祈使句后面，常常附加一个问句，使语气更加委婉。

第十讲：感叹句和反义疑问句教学目标：1、让学生掌握什么是反义疑问句2、让学生掌握反义疑问句的基本用法3、让学生掌握反义疑问句中的重难点4、让形式掌握感叹句的形式教学重点难点1、学生能够掌握反义疑问句的基本用法。

2、学生能够掌握反义疑问句中的重点难点。

3、形式能够掌握感叹句的用法。

教学过程：Step1 问好，口语表达。

Step2 复习上节课所学知识Step3 教学内容一、反义疑问句A 什么是反义疑问句反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句，它是一方提出一种情况或看法，询问对方的意见。

B 形式陈述句+简略问句【前肯，后否/ 前否，后肯；后面的附加疑问句中的动词为陈述句中的动词或助动词。

】C 答语Y es+肯定句：不，、、、No+否定句：是，、、、D 陈述句部分主语为指示代词时This/ That 附加句的主语为itThese/ Those 附加疑问句的主语为theyE 陈述句的主语是指人的不定代词时Everyone, everybody, nobody, someone, somebody, anybody等不定代词时，附加疑问句的主语强调整体时可用they，强调个体时用he.F 陈述句部分的主语是指物的不定代词时Everything, anything, something, nothing时，附加疑问句用it。

G陈述句部分有表示否定意义的词时Few, little, never, hardly, seldom, nobody, nothing, neither等时，附加疑问句用肯定。

【注意：如果陈述部分中含有否定前缀的词，如dislike, disagree, unhappy, unlike, hate时，附加疑问句任然要用否定形式。

】H There be 句型的反义疑问句用there.I 陈述部分时I am，附加疑问句：am I not（正式）aren’t I（非正式）J 陈述句部分为祈使句时肯定的祈使句：will you / won’t you?否定的祈使句：will you?【注意：Let us…, will you? Let’s…, shall we?】K 陈述部分有must时，要根据must的意义来决定。

教学过程一、课堂导入教师读句子，让学生听并复述What lovely boys they are! 他们是多么可爱的孩子！What fine weather it is! 多么好的天气啊！What a fine day it is! 多么好的天气啊！How beautiful the flowers are！那些花多美呀！How well they fit！它们多合身啊！Take more exercise and you'll feel healthy.多锻炼身体，你就会身体健康。

Hurry up, or you'll be late.快点，否则会迟到的。

Don't play football on the road! 不要在公路上踢足球。

二、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对句子具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习祈使句感叹句。

三、知识讲解考点/易错点1 ：祈使句的用法1、祈使句又叫命令句，通常被用于表示命令、请求或禁止的语气。

例如：Speak a little more slowly, please! 请讲慢一点。

（表请求）Don't play football on the road! 不要在公路上踢足球。

（表禁止）Get out! 滚出去！（表命令）2、此外，祈使句可用于表示邀请、建议、指路等。

例如：Have another moon cake, please.请再吃块月饼。

（表邀请）Be careful! It's dangerous.当心! 那很危险。

（表警告）Go along this road, and take the second turning on the right.沿着这条路往前走，路右侧第二个路口就是。

（表建议）3、祈使句也可用来表条件，常用于“祈使句+and / or +陈述句”句型中。

龙文教育一对一个性化辅导教案反义疑问句、祈使句、感叹句一、课前热身：家听单词二、内容讲解：知识点一、反意疑问句1.定义：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定，而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。

2.结构：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简单的问句。

完成后一部分简单问句时，要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问，前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。

如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分一般用否定式；反之，前一部分为否定式，后一部分要用肯定式，即“前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定”。

3.特点：①前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定②助动词保持一致，代词与主语保持一致Li Ming(主语) can swim,can’t he（代词）?4.特殊情况1）陈述部分的主语是“I”，疑问部分要用 aren't I. 例I'm as tall as your sister.aren't I?2）陈述部分用no、nothing、nobody、never、few、seldom、hardly、rarely、little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

例 Lucy made no answer,did she?3）陈述部分有“have to”+v. （had to + v.），疑问部分常用“don't”+主语（didn't +主语）。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow,don't we?4）陈述部分的谓语是“used to”时，疑问部分用“didn't”+主语或“usedn't”+主语。

He used to take pictures there,didn't he? / usedn't he?5）陈述部分有“had better”+ v. 疑问句部分用“hadn't you”。