河南省第八届翻译竞赛试题及参考译文笔译类非英语专业组

英语专八汉译英考题及参考译文（部分年份）2007年原文：暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。

也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。

它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。

也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。

这是黄河滩上的一幕。

牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。

只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。

这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。

如果走近了，你会发现它们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。

参考译文：In the dusky twilight, colorful clouds hang over the bank where the river turns. They are so mixed with the colors of the sky that one can hardly tell the flowing clouds from the running river.Just by the side of this fascinating picture, some sheep, with their heads bent low, are grazing on the grassland along the bank of the river, almost none of them willing to spare a minute to look up at this beautiful evening scene. Perhaps they have to hurry up to have their last chew before being driven home. This is the scene on the Yellow River bend. Not seen there, the shepherd must be resting in somewhere we don’t know, leaving these creatures here alone to enjoy the evening freely. The grass here is abundant and the sheep are all well-fed, strong and fat. If you approach them, you can see their white shining teeth and their simple but expressive faces as well.2009年原文：我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。

专业英语八级考试翻译真题及参考答案I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May;that it was Easter Sunday，and as yet very early in the morning.! was standing, as it seemed to me, at the door of my own cottage.Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usuaL and solemnized by the power of dreams. There were the same mountains, and the same lovely valley at their feet; but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height, and there was interspaced far larger between them of savannahs and forest lawns;the hedges were rich with white roses;and no living creature was to be seen, excepting that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the verdant graves, and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had once tenderly loved , just as I had really seen them , a little before sunrise, in the same summer when that child died.我想那是五月的一个周日的早晨;那天是复活节，一个大清早上。

笔译大赛试题及答案试题一：请将以下英文段落翻译成中文："In the realm of artificial intelligence, machine learning stands out as a pivotal technology that enables computers to learn from experience and improve their performance over time without being explicitly programmed to do so."答案一：在人工智能领域，机器学习作为一种关键技术脱颖而出，它使得计算机能够从经验中学习，并在没有明确编程的情况下随着时间的推移提高其性能。

试题二：请将以下中文段落翻译成英文：“随着全球化的不断推进，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。

为了促进不同文化之间的理解和尊重，我们需要学习彼此的语言和文化。

”答案二："With the continuous advancement of globalization, cross-cultural communication is becoming increasingly important. To promote understanding and respect between different cultures, we need to learn each other's languages and cultures."试题三：请将以下英文句子翻译成中文："The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we live and work."答案三：技术的快速发展已经改变了我们生活和工作的方式。

河南省第八届翻译竞赛试题及参考译文笔译类英语专业组I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese (50 Points)：Life of SocratesSocrates was born in Athens, 469 B. C., the son of poor parents, his father being a sculptor, his mother a midwife. How he acquired an education, we do not know, but his love of knowledge evidently created opportunities in the cultured city for intellectual growth. He took up the occupation of his father, but soon felt “a divine vocation to examine himself by questioning other men.”It was his custom to engage in converse with all sorts and conditions of men and women, on the streets, in the market-place, in the gymnasia, discussing the most diverse topics: war, politics, marriage, friendship, love, housekeeping, the arts and trades, poetry, religion, science, and, particularly, moral matters.Nothing human was foreign to him. Life with all its interests became the subject of his inquiries, and only the physical side of the world left him cold; he declared that he could learn nothing from trees and stones. He was subtle and keen, quick to discover the fallacies in an argument and skillful in steering the conversation to the very heart of the matter. Though kindly and gentle in disposition, and brimming over with good humor, he delighted in exposing the quacks and humbugs of his time and pricking their empty bubbles with his wit.Socrates exemplified in his conduct the virtues which he taught: he was a man of remarkable self-control, magnanimous, noble, frugal, and capable of great endurance; and his wants were few. He gave ample proof, during his life of seventy years, of physical and moral courage in war and in the performance of his political duties. Condemned by his own people, on a false charge of atheism and of corrupting the youth, to drink the poison hemlock (399 B. C.), he died as beautifully as he lived.参考译文：苏格拉底的生平（1分）1苏格拉底于公元前469年生于雅典，父母是穷人。

第二十五届湖北省翻译大赛非专业英语A组笔译初赛试题（模拟卷）选手姓名：_______________________参赛证号：_______________________请将所有答案全部填写在[答题纸]上。

I.Chinese-English Phrase TranslationDirections: Each of the underlined Chinese phrases below is followed by four possible English translations marked A, B, C and D respectively. Tick off the best choice and write the corresponding letter in the answer sheet. (10 points in total, 1 point each)1. 世界经济复苏艰难曲折，各国面临许多共同威胁和挑战，没有哪个国家能够A.stand aloofB.immune itselfC.be aloneD.independently handle the problemsA.harmony in diversityB.harmonious but differentC.harmony without uniformityD.draw but different3. 大多数高校基本形成了包括奖学金、助学金、勤工助学、特殊困难补助以及A.tuition-waiverB.exemption for tuitionC.fee remissionD.tuition scholarship在潜质等都是重要的参考。

A.merit-based enrollmentB.admitting the best examineeC.selecting the students according to performanceD.selection on excellence不同体质用药。

English-Chinese, 8th HFS Translation AwardTHE MISSOURI MYSTIQUE AND CHINA（Excerpt）By Helen SnowThe Chinese often think there must be something peculiar about Kansas City and Missouri and especially the Journalism Department of the University of Missouri. “We have to be shown,” is what Edgar Snow used to explain, after making his famous exploration and evaluation of the revolution in China led by Mao Tse-tung in the far northwest in 1936.Since 1900 there has been a special China-Missouri Relationship, which dominated the field of journalism inside China as well as to the outside world of foreigners. It may have been Mark Twain who was Mr. America to outsiders not only in his own day but even up to recently. In China it was three men who each became Mr. America in his own period for the then New China movement and revolutions. These were first, Thomas F. Millard who arrived to cover the Boxer Rebellion of 1900 for the New York Herald-Tribune, an imitator of his famous Republican boss named something like James Gordon Bennett, as I remember it. Millard supported Sun Yat-sen and his 1911 revolution and became China's advisor at the League of Nations. Millard sent to Missouri for young John B. Powell to get his new journal, “Millard’s Review,” going, which became the best foreign-language magazine in the Far East. Powell became Mr. America for the Chiang Kai-shek Kuomintang people, as he supported the 1925-1927 Revolution and had to pay for this by being ostracized by the old China hands.Edgar Snow came along in 1928 and was in turn the protegee of J.B. Powell as Assistant Editor of the re-named “China Weekly Review,” soon branching out as a free-lance magazine writer, starting with the Republican New York Herald-Tribune Magazine and ending as a regular for “The Saturday Evening Post,” then the biggest and best-paid journal in the world, a kind of family Mr. and Mrs. America, with its Norman Rockwell folk covers. Snow became Mao Tze-tung’s “Mr. America,” after his classic book, “Red Star Over China” appeared in 1937 in a truncated Chinese translation and 1938 in the United States, with a 1937 edition in England, where he had been the chief Far Eastern correspondent for the Labor paper, “The London Daily Herald," from 1931, when J.B. Powell got this job for him on a string assignment. Snow died in 1972, leaving eleven books behind and a reputation as the most admired foreigner who ever lived and worked in China, or at least one of them, and certainly the most appreciated foreign journalist. It was not only his originalexplorative thinking and writing, but also his Missouri personality, which may seem from the All-American Eagle Boy Scout type, as he had been as a boy in Kansas City.It would be a true responsibility for any Kansas City boys to live up to the Edgar Snow prototype, not to speak of J.B. Powell and “Tommy” Millard, as he was called. It was no accident that Xi’an became the sister-city of Kansas City, as one is ‘Mid-West’ and the other ‘North-West,’ each a center of these geographical regions with special frontier traditions. Edgar Snow pushed back the frontiers of knowledge not a trifle, and also he opened up the frontiers of American-Chinese understanding as no other individual has ever done. This is actually a fact, as he reached the global public with his writings and they were the product of authentic experience and exploration, getting at the wellsprings of revolution and change in China in the interior as Mao Tse-tung was the chief leader to manage. Like nearly all China Hands, Powell and Millard only represented the treaty-port element as persons.It would be hard to assess just how much Edgar Snow influenced American-Chinese relations by making such a favorable impression on Mao Tse-tung, the only foreigner of whom this could be said, and this causes every Chinese to respect the Snow image, while journalists try to imitate it, not always successfully, it may be added (in small italics.) Some foreigners resident in China were mystified by the fact that Mao Tse-tung picked Edgar Snow above others who had sacrificed most of their whole lives trying to follow the Communist Party Line and all that, some being card-carrying Communists. Mao Tse-tung knew Edgar Snow was a non-Communist and he had to trust his own judgment in opening up the story of his own life for the first, and only time, as well as giving his ideas an airing to the world, including China. This shows that Mao Tse-tung was not a small, narrow, insecure person and thinker, but high above that level as one of the leaders of his century and of some forty centuries of Chinese non-revolution, some people might say.In old age some of the long time foreign residents of China tried to downgrade Edgar Snow as a personality and also his unique individual initiative and achievement. This was part of the general trend toward trying to downgrade Mao Tse-tung’s influence. Also there may have been more sinister purposes of their own trying to improve their status at Snow’s expense. It is one of the charming things that Kansas City voted to have an “Edgar Snow Day”, which somewhat counteracted the false views being published by detractors for their political purposes and wish in old age to establish themselves above any mere non-Communist professional journalist as the young Edgar Snow. They would never have dared say such things had Madame Sun Yat-sen been alive, or Mao Tse-tung for that matter. It is up for the younger generation to make sure the objective situation is recorded in fact, not envious fancy.(The End)。

各种翻译考试题及答案翻译考试是一种评估考生语言转换能力的专业测试，通常包括笔译和口译两个部分。

考试内容可能涉及文学、科技、商务、法律等多个领域。

以下是一些模拟的翻译考试题目及参考答案，供参考。

题目一：英译汉原文："In the pursuit of knowledge, every individual is an explorer, and the more we learn, the more we realize how much we do not know."参考答案：在追求知识的过程中，每个人都是探险者，我们学得越多，就越意识到我们不知道的有多少。

题目二：汉译英原文：“中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化，其中，书法艺术是中国文化的重要组成部分。

”参考答案：China has a long history and a rich culture, among which calligraphy is an important component of Chinese culture.题目三：英译汉（科技领域）原文："The advent of quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize the field of cryptography, offering new ways to secure data against the ever-growing threats of cyber-attacks."参考答案：量子计算的出现有可能彻底改变密码学领域，为数据安全提供新的方法，以抵御日益增长的网络攻击威胁。

题目四：汉译英（法律领域）原文：“合同一旦签署，双方均应遵守合同条款，任何一方违约，都应承担相应的法律责任。

”参考答案：Once a contract is signed, both parties should abide by the terms of the contract. Any breach of contract by either party should bear the corresponding legal responsibilities.题目五：口译练习（商务谈判场景）情景描述：一位中国企业家与外国投资者进行商务谈判，讨论合作事宜。

第8届“海伦•斯诺翻译奖”竞赛“汉译英”部分斯诺研究工作面临的挑战斯诺研究，涵盖的学科不少，范围很广。

当前的研究，我以为还停留在比较肤浅的层面上。

当然，原因是多方面的，但第一手研究资料不足，恐怕是原因之一。

许多学者是根据现成的中文资料研究的，直接参照原始材料进行研究的人比较少，而能够找到原始材料的人就更少了。

所以，找材料、多翻译，是我们今后的重要任务。

我们面临的问题，一个是翻译，一个是出版。

自20世纪80年代以来，除了再版两个斯诺的《西行漫记》和《续西行漫记》外，陆续出版了他们的一些著作，尤其是1984年由新华出版社出版的《斯诺文集》四卷本，其中包括《复始之旅》、《红星照耀中国》、《为亚洲而战》、《大河彼岸》（又译《今日红色中国》），后来还出版了《漫长的革命》。

海伦•斯诺的著作也先后出版了八本：《我在中国的岁月》、《延安采访录》、《中国为民主奠基》、《毛泽东的故乡》、《重返中国》、《七十年代西行漫记》、《红都延安秘闻》和《阿里郎之歌》。

2015年，北京出版集团又陆续再版了海伦的几本书；人民文学出版社2016年再版了董乐山译的《红星照耀中国》。

在过去30年里，两个斯诺的以上几本著作，全国各地至少有15家出版社先后出版了多种版本；翻译界也曾一度出现过抢译、烂译、抢着出版的现象。

因此，译文质量参差不齐：有些译本，对原著随意删改；有些译本有望文生义的语句甚至段落；对于历史事件、人名、地名不加考证、仅凭拼音便随意乱译的现象，在一些译本里普遍存在。

诸如此类的问题，对一般读者可能影响不大，但对于历史学者和研究人员，却造成不少的疑惑和混乱。

类似的错误，尽管有些当事人的后人多次写文章纠正，依然无济于事。

可见任何一点误译所造成的影响，是多么持久、多么不易纠正！所以，在翻译两个斯诺著作过程中，译者一定要有高度的责任感，认真负责，一丝不苟，对历史负责、对人民负责。

两个斯诺的著作，包括他们的日记、手稿及大量的书信，都是珍贵的信息资料，涉及到社会科学的各个学科的研究。

第 1 页 共 2 页 2017年河南省翻译竞赛试题 （非专业组） I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese (50 Points)： The greatest legacy of the baby boom generation’s early adulthood whose sacrifices during the Great Depression and World War II But riven by disagreement, we have encouraged our children to that there are no touchstones, no true answers, no commitments a countercause. That for every reason to fight there is a reason to run. How will our children react to this philosophical quagmire? My bet is they will surprise us with their stability, that they will perhaps be Someone who has bounced between two parents will not marry with has viewed the nightmarish results of political policies and activities that were rather innocently begun willbe moreend, just as my tiny daughter eased my personal turmoil years ago, she and her contemporaries may become the arbiters of the generation that spawned them.Thinking of these things as I sat in the quiet of her bedroom, listening to the yellow music box that still reminds me of the adoration in Amy's eyes, I understood another truth: we, the members of a creative, sometimes absurd, always narcissistic postwar generation, will soon receive a judgment. Whatever it is, our children have earned the right to make it.English (50 Points):应美国“中国美术馆”邀请，中国著名书画家代表团将于2017 年10月6日赴美国洛杉矶“中国美术馆”举办中国著名书画家美国展文化交流活动。

第 1 页 共 2 页2015年河南省翻译竞赛试题 （非专业组） I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese (50 Points)： Silent Spring There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of prosperous farms, where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a background of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. Then some evil spell settled on the community: mysterious diseases swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died. In the town the doctors became more and more puzzled by new kinds of sickness appearing among their patients. There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths, not only among adults but even among children. There was a strange stillness. It was a springwithout voices and sound; only silence lay over the fields, woods and marsh.What happened? As a matter of fact, no witchcraft, no enemy action had silenced the rebirth of all life in this stricken world. It was the people who had done it themselves.II. Translate the Following Passage into Array English (50 Points):听英语新闻广播学英语第一个月中，播出的每句话中都有我听不明白的词语。

英语专八翻译真题及答案解析近年来，随着全球化的不断深入，英语的地位日益重要。

对于想要进一步提升自己的英语能力的人来说，参加英语专业八级考试是一个不错的选择。

在专业八级考试中，翻译部分是很重要的一部分，能否顺利通过翻译题目对于考生来说至关重要。

下面将介绍一道英语专业八级翻译题目的真题，并对答案进行解析。

翻译真题如下：The Tanzanian government's decision to switch the language of instruction in secondary schools from English to Swahili has drawn mixed reactions from educators and parents. Supporters argue that teaching in Swahili will improve students' comprehension and boost national identity, while opponents claim that English is the language of international communication and is necessary for economic development. This change is a clear reflection of the ongoing debate about language policy in many African countries, where the colonial legacy of European languages continues to influence education and culture.解析如下：这道翻译题目以坦桑尼亚政府决定将中学教学语言从英语改为斯瓦希里语为背景。

刘宏伟整理目录1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (3)1996年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (5)1997年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (7)1998年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (9)1999年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (11)2000年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (13)2002年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (17)2003年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (19)2004年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及及参考译文 (21)2005年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (22)2006年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (23)2007年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (24)2008年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (25)2009年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (26)1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。

因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。

但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。

有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。

这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。

史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。

也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is ―important‖ and what is not.E-C原文I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ or chards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as ―part of us.‖Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,moreexceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。

2023 年英语专业八级考试--翻译局部参考译文中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。

与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些缺乏，后天也常缺乏养分，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。

它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。

世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。

其次代属于工业技术博物馆，它所呈现的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。

这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学学问的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。

世界上第三代博物馆是布满全理念的博物馆。

在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。

这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探究科学技术的微妙。

中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆!它吸取了国际上一些著名博物馆的特长，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，呈现了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。

参考译文The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers.The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics, optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology, those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements.2023 年英语专业八级考试--翻译局部参考译文C-E 乔羽的歌大家都生疏。

笔译类非英语专业组I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese (50 Points)：I noticed that the leaves on most of the trees in the woods where I often take my dogs have started to change color. Normally, they are green but during the autumn season here in eastern Canada, they start to turn into shades of red, yellow and orange. This is a regular seasonal occurrence in my part of the world as entire forests turn into colorful places of beauty that attracts lots of photographers.The trees change through the autumn season as they prepare for our long Canadian winter. Once the winter is over, the trees will start growing leaves again as the temperatures warms up in the springtime. Although considered a novelty to most tourists, these autumn changes are part of regular life each year here in Canada.Change, of course, is now considered to be regular in our fast-paced world. Technology changes at lightning speed which can result in jobs lost. Skills and knowledge that we have will require updating on a regular basis no w just so that we don’t become outdated. It is certainly not like the old days anymore when we can just learn a certain skill or trade and expect to use that same knowledge for the rest of our working careers.Change itself can be quite scary but we should learn from nature —because change is natural. Change has been happening in nature since the beginning of time. Even our ancient human ancestors had to acquirenew skills in order to survive through the different seasons, much like the trees do with their changing leaves. Adapting to change in our modern world should be viewed as a natural thing to do. Learn to embrace change as it forces you to learn new skills.参考译文：我发现，在我常常遛狗的树林里，大部分的树叶都开始变色了。

(考试时间为120分钟)一、汉译英（50%）空巢老人在中国，我们会经常看到对“空巢老人”的报道，这些老人因为没有子女在身边，过着孤独的生活。

其实，英国也存在这种现象。

我就曾遇见过一位孤独的英国老人。

诺瓦克太太是位波兰人，在英国已生活了六十多年，说她是英国本土人也不为过。

我是在自己打工的那家超市认识她的。

那是一家在英国很有名的超市，每个星期五晚上超市都会有一些快过期的食物打折出售，而诺瓦克太太每周五晚都会出现在超市里。

我打工的时间刚好是每周五晚上和周六白天，所以我们就这么认识了。

二、英译汉（50%）The English WordsThe foreign student of English may be discouraged and dismayed when he learns that there are over 400,000 words in the English language, without counting slang. But let him take courage. More than half of these words are dead. They are not in current use. Even Shakespeare used a vocabulary of only some 20,000 words. The average Englishman today probably has a vocabulary range of from 12,000 to 13,000 words. It is good to make your vocabulary as complete as you can, but a great deal can be said and written with a vocabulary of no more than 10,000 words. The important thing is to have a good control and command over the words you do know. Better know two words exactly than three vaguely. A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, but by the craftsmanship with which he uses them. So a good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary.参考答案:一、汉译英Empty NestersIn China, empty nesters, or lonely senior citizens without their adult children living at home, are often reported. In fact, it is also true in Britain where I once met a lonely elderly lady.Mrs. Novak, a Polish, was better called a British for she had been living in Britain for over 60 years. I got to know her in the supermarket where I worked. It was a very famous supermarket where discount foods close to expiration were sold on Friday nights when Mrs. Novak would always appear. I worked on Friday nights and Saturdays, and that was how we met.二、英译汉英语单词英语有四十多万单词——这还不包括俚语。

2012河南翻译竞赛中译英参赛原文“悦读”的“姿势”从一定意义说，一个民族的发展史就是它的阅读史，一个人亦如此。

在德国，孩子从出生就有婴儿书陪伴。

当然这些书大都是塑料书或者是布做的，孩子可以把书带进浴缸，看小书漂浮。

这是孩子阅读的第一块基石。

犹太人将阅读置于很高的地位。

他们会在书上涂一层蜂蜜，让孩子生下来就知道书是甜的；他们还喜欢将书放在枕边和过道上，可随时翻阅。

有资料说，每4500个犹太人就拥有一个图书馆。

以读书为乐已经深深融入犹太人的血液里，也使他们在人类历史长河中光芒四射。

据统计，从1901年至今，全世界共有800多人获得诺贝尔奖，有犹太人血统的就占了近1/4，而犹太人数量不到世界人口的3‟。

中华民族也是一个酷爱读书的民族。

唐代刘禹锡的诗句“数间茅屋闲临水，一盏秋灯夜读书”，让人感受到阅读时的闲适与宁静。

“青灯有味似儿时”，是南宋陆放翁追念儿时读书的情景。

至于流传千古的“凿壁偷光”、“囊萤映雪”等典故，“头悬梁，锥刺股”式的苦读，那种对书的迷恋让人心生敬畏。

将中外读书情形做一番比较，不免让人心生遗憾：有时我们过于强调“苦学”而忽略了“乐学”，过于强调“正襟危坐”而忽略了“随性阅读”，过于强调读书的“功利性”而忽略了它的“功能性”。

这就使得阅读难以融入到我们的血液中，难以成为我们生活的一部分，而过于浓烈的功利色彩亦极有可能将知识庸俗化，将读书引入歧途。

就以读书的姿势为例，其实大可不必讲究。

古人“三上”（马上、枕上、厕上）读书法看似有些不雅，实则领略到了读书的真谛。

而今，公园里的“晨读”、公交车上的“走读”、倚床挑灯的“夜读”，无不是一道道美丽风景。

正如有人所说，“先要把读书看得很平常，才可以读书……真正意义上的读书是随性而读，是与生命相伴始终。

”只有把读书当作平常之事，融入我们的生活之中，才会真正领略“读书是福”的意境。

阅读的身体姿势也许并不重要，但心灵的姿势却不可或缺。

这种“心灵的姿势”，既是对求知的渴望，对经典的敬畏，也是对读书选择性的把握。