现在完成时四种用法的时间状语
现在完成时的形式以“have/has”+过去分词表示，有“继续”，“经验”，“完成”，“结果”等用法
（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 （2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 （4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 （5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 （6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 （7）动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。 （8）过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。 过去完成时-语法判定 1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作 有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：（ 1 ）宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去
现在分词作状语 一、现在分词短语在句中可以作条件状语， 其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。 Working hard, you'll succeed. = If you work hard, you'll succeed. 如果你努力工作，你会成功的。 Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. = If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。 二、分词短语在句中作让步状语 分词短语在句中作让步状语时，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可以带有连接词although, whether, even if, even though。 现在分词短语作让步状语，分词的逻辑主语是句中的主语，变成状语从句时，需用主动语态。 Weighing almost one hundred jin the stone was moved by him alone. = Although the stone weighted almost one hundred jin, it was moved by him alone. 虽然那块石头重将近一百斤，他一个人就把它挪动了。 三、分词短语在句中作结果状语 现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，它的逻辑主语便是句中的主语，该短语相当于一个结果状语从句，且用主动语态。分词短语在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。 Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. = Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay.他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。 四、分词短语在句中表示方式或伴随情况 分词短语表示方式或伴随情况是比较常见的。它用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是句中的主语，谓语动词作为主要动作，而现在分词表示一个陪衬动作，它没有相应的状语从句可以转换，但可以用并列句来转换。过去分词可以说明谓语动作的背景。过去分词与其逻辑主语之间有动宾关系。如： The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. The children laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room. 那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。 Helped by their teacher, the students finished the task successfully. 在老师的帮助下，学生们成功地完成了任务。 五、现在分词短语作时间状语有以下三种情况： 1．分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。常用的动词，如：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。 此种情况可以换作on+动名词，表示相同的意思。译作"一（刚）……就……"。 此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
现在完成时讲解和练习 1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词(过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化) 2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型 肯定句He has finished the work. 一般疑问句Has he finished the work? 回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t. 否定句He has not finished the work. 特殊疑问句What has he done? 3.现在完成时的用法: A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如：The car has arrived. 车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如： My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。 Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。 How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？ 4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时 (1)九词语 ①already已经肯定句中或句尾 e.g.: I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already. ②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾 e.g.：I have not finished the work yet. Have you bought a computer yet? ③ever曾经句中 e.g.：Have you ever seen pandas? ④never从不句中 e.g.：I have never been to Beijing. ⑤just刚刚句中 e.g.：I have just done my work. ⑥before以前句尾 e.g.：I have never been there before. ⑦so far到目前为止 e.g.：So far he has learnt 200 words. ⑧how long多久 e.g.：How long have you lived here? ⑨how many times多少次 e.g.：How many times has he been to Beijing? (3)三词组 1.have
与现在完成时连用的时间状语 现在完成时表示的是发生在过去，而与现在的情况有联系的动作，或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在而且可能继续持续下去的动作。与现在完成时连用的时间状语，在说明发生在过去而与现在情况有联系的动作时，有时显得难以确定，学生在使用这些时间状语时也容易出错。本文根据现在完成时的用法，将与其连用的时间状语做如下归纳。 一．现在完成时说明的是现在的情况，因此不能和表示过去时间的状语（如yesterday ,l ast week , seven days ago , in 1986 ----）连用。但是现在完成时可以 和表示过去时间的副词just , before连用。例如： 1.I’ve just done my homework . 2.I have never lost a book before . 二．现在完成时可以和表示不确定的时间副词already , yet , never , ever连用。例如： 1.have you forgotten already ？ 2.Have you found your ruler yet ? 3.I’ve never heard of that before . 4.–Have you / they ever made dumplings ? --No , I /we /they haven’t . 二．表示持续性动作的动词的现在完成时，经常和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如: 1.I’ve been here for just over two years . 2.I’ve worked here since 1989 . 3.He has worked there since it opened in 1989 . 三．现在完成时属于现在时态，因此可以和包括“现在”在内的时间状语连用。例如： 1.That’s one thing I have’t forgotten today ！ 2.We’ve been in China for over two years now . 不能变被动语态的情况种种 一般来说，“及物动词+宾语”组成的主动语态的句子可以变成被动语态，但并不是所有这样的句子都可以变被动语态，情况如下： 一．当宾语是反身代词或是相互代词时，不能将主动句改为被动句，因为反身代词或相互代词不能作主语。 We should help each other . -----Each other should be helped by us .(误) They can teach themselves . -----Themselves can be taught by them .(误) 二．表示状态的动词不能变为被动语态。 I have a story book . ----A story book is had by me .(误) He lacks much money . ----Much money is lacked by him .(误)
（英语）英语过去完成时练习全集 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．—We all went to the park except you last weekend. Why didn't you come? —Because I the park twice. A. have gone to B. had gone to C. had been to D. have been to 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】have gone to去了（尚未回）．have been to去过（已回），根据句意在last weekend之前去过，所以用过去完成时，故选C。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法，表示在过去某一时间前已经发生的动作。 2．We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest. A. to have B. having C. have D. has 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我们是在太累了，停下来休息一下吧。stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A 【点评】注意时态一致， 3．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时，故选D. 【点评】考查过去完成时。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。
现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语： ①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时 或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结 果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主 语。如： Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car. 他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。 My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there. 我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。 The child fell，striking his head against the door. 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。 In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这 个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。 Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom. 因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如： Talking of this film, its wonderful. 说到这部电影，好极了。 Assuming that it is true, what should we do now 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办 Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today. 根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。 Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
Lead in 一般过去时导入：一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I lost my pen.(过去时) I have lost my pen.（现在完成时） 过去时一般表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态。“我把笔丢了”，说话人只是想告诉对方在过去的某一个时间里他的笔丢了，仅此而已。（仅仅是在陈诉过去的一个事实，与现在没有关系） New lesson 一．现在完成时的构成： 助动词have/has(not) +动词过去分词 She has turned on the lights. 肯定式：have/ has+过去分词 否定式：haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词 疑问式：把have/has 提到主语前面 肯定回答：Yes,…have/has 否定回答：No,…..haven’t/hasn’t 二．用法 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. 例如:She has gone. 她走了. She went in the past.(She is not here
now.) I have just cleaned my hands. 我刚洗过手。（“洗手”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“手干净了”） I have closed the door. (The door is close now.) She has turned on the lights. (The lights are on now.) He has written his name on the blackboard. (The name is on the blackboard now.) Mother has cooked the dinner. (We can have dinner now.) You have seen the film. （You know what the film is about.) We have cleaned the classroom. (The classroom is clean now.) 2. 表示动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能继续延续下去。这时常和since所引导的短语或从句或for引导的短语连用(for有时可以省去)。以及so far, by now, these days, in the last/past … years/days…等连用。 I have lived here for over ten years. （表示他现在还在这里居住，并且还有可能继续住下去）比较：I lived here ten years ago.(仅仅说明了他十年前在这里记住过的事实,不代表现在他还住在这里) He has studied here since 2006. 都用How long 提问，例： We have learned English for three years. We have learned English since three years ago.
现在完成时间和现在完成进行时 一、现在完成时 1. 通常使用现在完成时的几种情况 （1）表示过去发生的事对现在的影响 Justin has disappeared, so Kelly is very sad. (Justin 失踪在过去，但是Kelly 至今仍旧为他的失踪感到难过) （2）表示过去的动作一直延续到现在 I haven’t seen Justin since last Friday night. (从上周五晚上到现在一直没有见到过Justin) (3)表示动作的确切时间不明确或不重要 The boy has already come home. (男孩已经回家，但没有指出何时回家) （4）表示刚结束的动作 The police have just finished searching the area. (警方刚结束对该地区的搜查) （5）表示反复发生的动作 Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times. (村民曾多次看到UFO) 2. 现在完成时的结构 现在完成时由“have / has + 过去分词”构成。 3. 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语 （1）表示过去的事或动作对现在有影响，动作的时间不明确、不重要或动作刚结束，一般可用already (用于肯定句)、yet （用于否定和疑问句）、ever、just、recently、lately 和never Tom has already come home. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. I’ve met the old man somewhere before. （2）表示从过去开始，并一直持续到现在，一般用for/since短语或由since 引导的时间状语从句。在介词for后一般跟表示一段时间的短语，在since后一般跟表示某个时间的短语，或表示过去时间的状语从句。 We haven’t seen him for two days/since last Monday. We haven’t seen him since he left Nanjing. 4. 现在完成时的应用 (1) 非持续性动词go, come, leave, borrow, buy, die, join的完成时的肯定式不能与时间段连 用，若要接用时间段状语，则应换成相应的持续动词或状态动词。如： He has left. 他走了。 He has been away for an hour. 他走了一个小时了。 Can I borrow that book? 我可以借那本书吗? How long can I keep the book? 这本书我可借多久？ 注意：非持续性动词的否定完成时可与时间段状语连用。如： He has not borrowed the book since then. 从此以后，他再也没有借这本书了。 (2) have / has been to 表示曾经去过某地，但现在不在那儿；have / has gone to表示现在已去 某地，现在不在这儿。如： He has been to Canada, but now he is working in our company. 他去过加拿大，现在在我们公司工作。
过去完成时(past perfect) 定义 过去完成时(past perfect)①表示发生在过去的动作对过去晚些时候造成的影响或结果②过去某一动作一直持续到过去晚些时候将来可能还要延续 基本结构 主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？ ⑤被动语态：主语+had（hadn't)+been+过去分词 基本用法 （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 （2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。 例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.
现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语： ①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car. 他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。 My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there. 我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。 The child fell，striking his head against the door. 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。 In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。 Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom. 因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。 ②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如：
Talking of this film, its wonderful. 说到这部电影，好极了。 Assuming that it is true, what should we do now? 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办? Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today. 根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。 Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
LESSON EIGHT 四种完成时态 主系表 现在：You are rich. 过去：You were rich. 将来：You will be rich. 过去将来：You would be rich. There be 现在：There is a book on the desk . 过去：There was a book on the desk. 将来：There will be a book on the desk. 过去将来：There would be a book on the desk.主谓宾状 现在：You study English in the school. 过去时：You studied English in the school. 将来时: You will study English in the school. You are going to study English. You are to study English. are about to study English would study English in the scho You were going to study English. You were to study English. You were about to study English. You are studying English. You were studying English. You will be studying English. You woud be studying English.
外研版英语真题过去完成时 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．By the first day of August, 2007, the PLA ________ for eighty years. A. founded B. has founded C. has been found D. had been founded 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：到2007年八月的第一天，中国人民解放军已经建立了八十年了。结合语境可知本句描述的是过去某时之前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。主语是被建立的对象，故用被动语态，选D。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态，反之如果是动宾关系，则用被动语态，尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。 2．By the time I ________ on the TV, Beckham ________ two goals． A. turned; have scored B. turned; had scored C. had turned; have scored D. had turned; had scored 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：当我打开电视的时候，贝克汉姆已经进了两个球。本句是时间状语从句，by the time到…时候为止，用于一般过去时，可排除CD选项。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，需用“had+过去分词”结构，可排除A；根据句意结构，可知，故选B。 【点评】考查动词时态辨析题。 3．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：昨天当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。结合语境可知前文时间状语从句描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。下文，描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态，选A。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系，注意结合这一特点进行区分。 4．The boy was _____ on the ground and he had _____ bicycle behind the big tree. A. lying; laid B. lying; lay C. lay; lain D. lied; lied 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩躺在地上，他把自行车放在了大树的后面。lie有两个意
分词作状语用法就是所有分词用法中最重要的,也就是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语,表主动、进行,相当于一个状语从句,根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life、 Being ill, she can't go to work today、 The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping、 1、He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information、 A、hoped B、hoping C、to hope D、hope 2、Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods、 A、seizing; disappeared B、seized; disappeared C、seizing; disappearing D、seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1、现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成,其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如:The students standing there are from Class Three、 The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October、 2、现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成,其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如:Having finished all the work, they had a good rest、 Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down、 Given more time, we will finish the work in time、 3、现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”,被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”,其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如:Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying、 Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity、 1、_______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes、 A、Suffered B、Suffering C、Having suffered D、Being suffered 2、Finding her car stolen, _______、 A、a policeman was asked to help B、the area was searched thoroughly C、it was looked for everywhere D、she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式,即done,表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son、 When heated,water will be turned into steam、 Deeply moved by the film, we all cried、 Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling、 1._____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city、 A、To see B、Seen C、Seeing D、See 2、_____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated、 A、being founded B、Founded C、It was founded D、Founding 三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别 1、分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。
过去完成时用法小结 一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。 4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when...（刚…就…）, no sooner...than... （刚…就…）, It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。
教师姓名谢瑜单位名称陆川县实验中学填写时间2020年8月 学科英语年级/册高三教材版本人教版 课题名称《现在分词作状语的用法》 难点名称现在分词作状语在英语中的运用。 难点分析从知识角度分析 为什么难现在分词作状语在写作中的运用。 难点教学方法任务型教学法(Task-based Language Teaching) 、合作学习教学法（Cooperative Learning Approach）、情感激励教学法( Affective Motivation) 教学环节教学过程 导入Lead in the class naturally by talking with the students. 知识讲解（难点突破）Give students some minutes to analyze the following sentences and then explore the following grammar rules by cooperating in groups. What kinds of adverbials can present principle express? 1.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.( ) 2.Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her.( ) 3.Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.( ) 4.Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you..( ) 5.Having finished his homework, he went out.( ) 6.Having been told for many times, he still made the same mistake.( ) 7.He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.( ) 8.He stood there waiting for a bus. ( ) 9. They eat using the fingers of their right hands.( ) Conclusion 1:现在分词作状语可用来表________、________、________、________、___ _____、________、________。 二、现在分词的时态和语态及其否定式 1 .Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 2.Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you. Conclusion 2:现在分词作状语，若现在分词的动作与句子谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用分词的________，与主语之间是主动关系用________；被动关系用________。 3.Having finished his homework, he went out. 主动式被动式 一般式 完成式