徐汇新王牌 秋季同步提高补习班 高中语文周Q老师 高二课内复习(三)(2014版)

上海徐汇寒假高中培训班新王牌学好高二语文的诀窍对于有弱科的考生，寒假是个很好的机会。

大部分差生的学习困难原因是基础不够扎实，都会想通过课外培训班来补掉这个弱项。

新王牌教育机构表示，90的学生都会参加课外辅导，但是由于大部分是父母催促，盲目报班的现象存在，因此报读课外培训班并不是孩子一个人的事情，而是需要家长和孩子的共同协商。

报名课外培训班有三点要注意：1.孩子有意向请家教。

如果孩子不想请就不要强求，如果孩子感觉家教老师不适合自己的情况，也要即时停止。

2.要找一定要早找。

好的老师日程都很满，找的晚了就会很难找到好老师。

3.要有针对性的培训。

不同的学生有不同的原因，要先对孩子做分析，找出其中原因对症下药才可能有效果。

所以，找的老师一定要有足够的经验，令孩子信服才能达到培训的效果。

基础差的学生如何利用寒假呢？基础差的学生，首先要解决的一个问题是心态。

“高考就像是一次长跑比赛，已经跑了这么长的距离，一定要坚持到最后。

”特别是高考，影响最后结果的因素很大，不到最后一定不能放弃。

和中等生相比，要更加重视基础知识的巩固。

在做训练时，要回顾该题涉及的考点有哪些，这些考点属于哪些章节，哪个知识结构框架。

同时，要把这个知识框梳理一遍，看看有没有自己没巩固掉的其他知识点。

经过这样不停的梳理后，对知识点的掌握程度就会越来越清晰，心理上也会越来越轻松。

要追上中等生做到“基础题争取满分、中档题不失分”自然要拿出更多的时间学习，做更多的题。

为了避免题海，新王牌教育的老师建议多做真题！真题有详细的解题步骤，对每到题涉及的考点，考察的能力都有详细分析。

这能节约的很大的精力。

高三英语精品学案（四校班21）comSection ADirections:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1.When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want,the question________a variety of answers.A)defies B)magnifies C)mediates D)evokes2.If you want to set up a company,you must________with the regulations laid down by the authorities.A)comply B)adhere C)confirm D)accord3.Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire,we can report that the rebellion has in the main been ________.A)canceled B)destroyed C)suppressed D)restrained4.The presidential candidate________his position by winning several primary elections.A)enforced B)enriched C)intensified D)consolidated5.Frankly speaking,your article is very good except for some________mistakes in grammar.A)obscure B)glaring C)trivial D)rare6.There was once an________idea that the earth was flat and motionless.A)absurd B)inherent C)external D)offensive7.Certain species disappeared or became________as new forms arose that were better adapted to the Earth’s changing environment.A)feasible B)extinct C)massive D)extinguished8.His________directions confused us;we did not know which of the two roads to take.A)ambiguous B)complicated C)arbitrary D)intricate9.Franklin D.Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the American economy’s________flaws.A)underlining B)vulnerable C)vague D)underlying10.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was________in tropical countries.A)prospective B)prevalent C)prosperous D)perpetual11.I am afraid that you have to alter your________views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.A)indifferent B)distressing C)optimistic D)pessimistic12.Stop shouting!I can’t hear the football________.A)judgment B)interpretation C)commentary D)explanation13.The cultures of China and Japan hare shared many features,but each has used them according to its national________.A)engagement B)destiny C)capacity D)temperament14.Every member of society has to make a________to struggle for the freedom of the country.A)pledge B)warranty C)resolve D)guarantee15.I was deeply impressed by the hostess’________and enjoyed the dinner party very much.A)hostility B)indignation C)hospitality D)humanity16.In the Spring Export Commodities Fair the________of fine china attracted much attention of customersfrom all over the world.A)succession B)array C)string D)procession17.We should make a clear________between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.A)separation B)discrimination C)deviation D)distinction18.The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens,set to________when it arrived in New York.A)go off B)get off C)come off D)carry off19.We should be able to do the job for you quickly,________you give us all the necessary information.A)in case B)provided that C)or else D)as if20.The younger person’s attraction to stereos cannot be explained only________familiarity with technology.A)in quest of B)by means of C)in terms of D)by virtue of21.Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were________.A)in no way B)on the contrary C)at a loss D)of no avail22.By signing the lease we made a________to pay a rent of$150a week.A)conception B)commission C)commitment D)confinement23.To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly________by a computer.A)graded B)managed C)conducted D)monitoredSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.notionB.appealingC.optimismD.bewilderE.inventiveF.approachG.IronicallyH.permeatesI.confusedJ.heritageK.ConsequentlyAmerican culture has been enriched by the values and belief systems of virtually every part of the world.The one value that nearly every American would agree upon is individual freedom.It__31__every aspect of their society.The majority of American businesses are small,and many are owned by an individual or a family.It is part of the"American dream"to"be your own boss",and being an entrepreneur is one of the most__32__ ways to improve one’s economic future.Education is often regarded as the key to opportunity,including financial security.Americans take a pragmatic__33__to learning,so what one learns outside the classroom through internship,extracurricular activities and the like are often considered as important as what is learned in the classroom.__34__,lifelong learning is valued,which results in many adult continuing education programs.Another aspect of American society that may__35__non-Americans is the family.The nuclear family structure is unlikely that in most cultures in the world,so it is often misunderstood.An important purpose of the American family is to bring about the happiness and independence of each individual family member.Privacy is also important to Americans.The__36__of individual privacy may sometimes make it slower to make friends.Because Americans respect one’s privacy,they may not go much beyond a friendly"hello".__37__,it is usually the foreigner who must be more assertive if a friendship is to be developed.The rugged individualism valued by most Americans stems from their frontier__38__.Early settlers had to be self-sufficient,which compelled them to be__39__.Their success gave them a(n)__40__about the future and a belief that problems could be solved.This positive spirit enables Americans to take risks in areas where others might only dream,resulting in tremendous advance in technology,health and science.Part II Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Historically,humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them.By that logic,2006should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior.With the memory of9/11still__51__ in their minds,Americans watched hurricane Katrina,the most expensive disaster in U.S.history,on__52__ TV.Anyone who didn’t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen.And they are made much worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our__53__to work together before everything goes to hell.Granted,some amount of delusion(错觉)is probably part of the__54__condition.In A.D.63,Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake,and the locals immediately went to work__55__,in the same spot---until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption16years later.But a__56__of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at__57__themselves from guaranteed threats.We know more than we ever did about the dangers we face.But it__58__that in times of crisis,our greatest enemy is__59__the storm,the quake or the__60__itself.More often,it is ourselves.So what has happened in the year that__61__the disaster on the Gulf Coast?In New Orleans,the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls.They have got the walls to where they were before Katrina,more or less.That’s not__62__,we can now say with confidence.But it may be all that can be expected from one year of hustle(忙碌).Meanwhile,New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to__63__the sick and the disabled.The city estimates that15,000people will need a__64__out.However,state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken.The__65__with neighboring communities are ongoing and difficult.51.A)fresh B)obvious C)apparent D)evident52.A)visual B)vivid C)live D)lively53.A)reluctance B)rejection C)denial D)decline54.A)natural B)world C)social D)human55.A)revising B)refining C)rebuilding D)retrieving56.A)review B)reminder C)concept D)prospect57.A)preparing B)protesting C)protecting D)prevailing58.A)turns up B)turns down C)turns over D)turns out59.A)merely B)rarely C)incidentally D)accidentally60.A)surge B)spur C)surf D)splash61.A)ensued B)traced C)followed D)occurred62.A)enough B)certain C)conclusive D)final63.A)exile B)evacuate C)dismiss D)displace64.A)ride B)trail C)path D)track65.A)conventions B)notifications C)communications D)negotiationsSection BDirections:Read the following passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe number of postgraduate students traveling from non-EU countries to study at UK universities has fallen for the first time in16years,fueling fears that the government's immigration crackdown is discouraging thousands of the brightest students from continuing their studies in Britain.Jo Beall,British Council director of education and society,said the fall would cause alarm among UK vice-chancellors(大学行政主管)."The sector was expecting a decline in growth,but the actual reduction in postgraduate numbers is of real concern as international-students make up the majority of numbers in many postgraduate courses and research teams in science,technology,engineering and mathematics.""Attracting the brightest and most ambitious postgraduate and research students is critical if the UK is to maintain its quality reputation for research,"Beall said.Universities get a third of their tuition(学费)fee revenue from non-EU students.There is growing fear among vice-chancellors that this revenue---as well as the cultural,academic and economic benefit international students bring---is being put at risk.Tim Westlake,director for the student experience at Manchester University,said students whose families relied on them working in the UK after their studies to gain experience and repay the fees were starting to look elsewhere.Last month the home secretary,Theresa May,announced that embassy staff would interview more than 100,000applicants in an attempt to prevent bogus(假冒的)ones entering the country.She also said immigrants were responsible for pushing up UK house prices.The comments followed the introduction of new limitations on students'right to work during and after their studies.Beall said:"Government statistics for the first time provide real evidence that the changes to UK visa regulations may have discouraged many students from applying to the UK,and in particular postgraduate students Who are so important to the UK’s research output.The UK enjoys an excellent reputation around the world for the high quality of our education system,so the government needs to ensure that institutions have all the support they need to attract international students who make a tremendous academic,cultural and economic contribution to the UK."61.What has caused the decline of the number of non-EU postgraduates in the UK?A)The increase in tuition and fees.B)The ever-rising living expenses.D)Universities'tightened budgets62.What is UK vice-chancellors'biggest concern?A)How to obtain financial support from the government.B)How to keep the academic reputation of their institutions.C)How to prevent bogus applicants entering their universities.D)How to stimulate the creativity of their research teams.63.Why do UK universities try to attract postgraduate students from outside the EU?A)A substantial part of their revenue comes from non-EU students'tuition and fees.B)Non-EU postgraduate students are usually highly motivated.C)The number of UK postgraduate students has fallen sharply.D)Some of the postgraduate programmes are specially designed for non-EU students.64.What were the expectations of some non-EU students'families?A)Their children could enjoy the UK’s cultural benefits.B)Their children could find well-paying jobs upon their return.C)Their children could become established academically.D)Their children could work in the UK after graduation.65.What does Beall suggest the UK government should do?A)Allow promising international students to work in research teams.B)Revise UK visa regulations to accommodate non-EU students.C)Give universities adequate support to attract non-EU students.D)Try to address the needs of international students in the UK.BThere was a time not long ago when new science Ph.D.s in the United States were expected to pursue a career path in academ/a(学术界).But today,most graduates end up working outside academia,not only in industry but also in careers such as science policy,communications,and patent law.Partly this is a result of how bleak the academic job market is,but there's also a rising awareness of career options that Ph.D.scientists haven't trained for directly—but for which they have useful knowledge,skills,and experience.Still,there's a huge disconnect between the way we currently train scientists and the actual employment opportunities available for them,and an urgent need for dramatic improvements in training programs to help close the gap. One critical step that could help to drive change would be to require Ph.D.students and postdoctoral scientists to follow an individual development plan(IDP).In2002,the U.S.Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology recommended that every postdoctoral researcher put together an IDP in consultation with an adviser.Since then,several academic institutions have begun to require IDPs for postdocs.And in June,the U.S.National Institutes of Health(NIH) Biomedical Research Workforce Working Group recommended that the NIH require IDPs for the approximately32,000postdoctoral researchers they support.Other funding agencies,public and private,are moving in a similar direction.IDPs have long been used by government agencies and the private sector to achieve specific goals for the employee and the organization.The aim is to ensure that employees have an explicit tool to help them understand their own abilities and aspirations,determine career possibilities,and set(usually short-term) goals.In science,graduate students and new Ph.D.scientists can use an IDP to identify and navigate an effective career path.A free Web application for this purpose,called myIDP,has become available this week.It's designed toguide early-career scientists through a confidential,rigorous process of introspection(内省)to create a customized career plan.Guided by expert knowledge from a panel of science-focused career advisers,each trainee's self-assessment is used to rank a set of career trajectories(轨迹).After the user has identified a long-term career goal,myIDP walks her or him through the process of setting short-term goals directed toward accumulating new skills and experiences important for that career choice.Although surveys reveal the IDP process to be useful,trainees report a need for additional resources to help them identify a long-term career path and complete an IDP.Thus,myIDP will be most effective when it's embedded in larger career-development efforts.For example,universities could incorporate IDPs into their graduate curricula to help students discuss,plan,prepare for,and achieve their long-term career goals.56.What do we learn about new science Ph.D.s in the United States today?A.They lack the skills and expertise needed for their jobs.B.They can choose from a wider range of well-paying jobs.C.They often have to seek jobs outside the academic circle.D.They are regarded as the nation's driving force of change.57.What does the author say about America's Ph.D.training?A.It should be improved to better suit the job market.B.It is closely linked to future career requirements.C.It should be re-oriented to careers outside academia.D.It includes a great variety of practical courses.58.What was recommended for Ph.D.s and postdoctoral researchers?A.They meet the urgent needs of the corporate world.B.A long-term career goal be set as early as possibleC.An IDP be made in consultation with an adviser.D.They acquire an explicit tool to help obtain jobs.ernment agencies and the private sector often use IDPs to________A.bring into full play the skills and expertise of their postdoctoral researchersB.help employees make the best use of their abilities to achieve their career goalsC.place employees in the most appropriate positionsD.hire the most suitable candidates to work for them60.What do we know about my IDP?A.It is an effective tool of self-assessment and introspection for better career plans.B.It enables people to look into various possibilities and choose the career they love.C.It promises a long-term career path.D.It is part of the graduate curricula.ІV.Summary Writing(10%)Directions:Read the above passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world.Women's education may be unusual territory for economists,but enhancing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue.And economics,with its emphasis on incentives(激励),provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family:girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children.Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy(预言)becomes self-fulfilling,trapping women in a vicious circle(恶性循环)of neglect.An educated mother,on the other hand,has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children,ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance.The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls,as well as of boys,will be educated and healthy.The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits.But it has enormous economic advantages as well.Most obviously,there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by10to20per cent for each additional year of schooling.Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments,but they are just the cating women also has a significant impact on health practices,including family planning.Directions:Utilize as much as the following language material to form a superior composition.1.Currently,the issue whether parents are proud of their kids has been brought to the public attention as a result of the influential investigation in which I participated in Zhonghua Middle School.2.As is clearly shown in the bar chart,the amount of water,electricity and paper used in the school this term increased dramatically.Especially,the consumption of electricity went up by approximately twenty percent.3.Additionally,resulting from economical aspects,people prefer to do...rather than do...4.Apart from the reasons mentioned above,a lack of communication between parents and children should also be taken into account when people identify the factors contributing to the difference.5.Simultaneously,however,we are surprised to find a relatively small proportion in the number of their kids concerning the same subject,only accounting for sixty percent,according to the statistics illustrated in the pie chart.6.Its emergence initially owes to the fact that educators fail to learn the significance of active learning and dedicate themselves to forcing students to obtain high scores instead of cultivating their interest in learning.7.Therefore,I maintain that effective measures must be taken to put an end to this trend.8.On the one hand,the government and schools are supposed to quicken up the steps of educational reforming,highlighting the importance of active learning.9.On the other hand,we ourselves ought to inspire more courage and passion to make us learn knowledge ina smart and cheerful way.Part V WritingVI.Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.某互联网消费调研中心对网络购物进行了调查，结果如下，请根据图表1提供的信息描述人们选择网络购物的不同原因，并针对图表2中任意一个数据反映的情况谈谈你的看法。

高三课内复习（四）《苏武传》，《伶官传序》一、文学常识1、《苏武传》选自，作者，是（史书类别）。

2、卫律劝降的内容，主要通过描写和手法，表现了苏武“威武不能屈，富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移”的品质。

3、这篇传记的结构体现出作者精于剪裁、善于布局的特点。

作者始终围绕着苏武的落笔。

苏武的一生经历共有八十余年，但班固只截取他的十九年生活。

在这十九年中，又只选取了几个典型场面作浓墨重彩的描绘，随着人物的一次次得到考验，其精神境界不断得到升华。

4、欧阳修字，号，，是（朝代）史学家，文学家5、《伶官传》出自《》。

6、《伶官传序》从体裁上说属于序中的书序，它也可看作是一篇，作者主要采用了的论证方法7、《伶官传序》总结了后唐庄宗李存勖得天下而后失天下的历史教训，阐明了国家盛衰取决于人事的道理；（写作手法），讽谏北宋王朝要汲取历史教训，居安思危，力戒骄奢、防微杜渐、励精图治。

二、字词解释（一）重点词语解释《苏武传》1、前后十余辈．2、汉天子我丈人行．也3、因．厚赂单于4、恐前语发．5、见．犯乃死6、虞常果引．张胜7、而收系．张胜8、武益．愈。

9、单于使使晓．武10、当．死11、乃幽．武置大窖中12、如惠语以让．单于。

13、复举剑拟．之14、谢．汉使曰15、即．谋单于，何以复加16、本无谋，又非亲属，何谓相坐．17、武留匈奴凡．十九岁《伶官传序》1、原．庄宗之所以得天下2、方其系．燕父子以组．3、泣下．．沾襟4、抑．本其成败之迹，5、《书．》曰6、举．天下之豪杰莫．能与之争7、尔其．无忘乃父之志（二）词类活用《苏武传》1、别．其官属常惠等2、空以身膏．草野3、舆．归营4、羝乳．乃得归5、天雨．雪《伶官传序》1、函．梁君臣之首，2、抑本．其成败之迹（三）通假字《苏武传》1、蹈．其背以出血2、掘野鼠去．草实而食之三、特殊句式《苏武传》1、乃遣武以中郎将使，持节送匈奴使留在汉者2、即谋单于，何以复加3、畔主背亲，为降虏于蛮夷，何以女为见《伶官传序》1、方其系燕父子以组2、而告以成功3、其意气之盛，可谓壮哉！4、夫祸患常积于忽微，而智勇多困于所溺答案一、文学常识1、《苏武传》选自《汉书》，作者班固，是纪传体断代史（史书类别）。

2013秋季高三语文（六）高二课内复习（一）《诸子喻山水》第一单元一、文学常识1、孔子，名丘，字，时期国人。

孔子是我国古代伟大的教育家、政治家和思想家，家学派创始人，编撰了我国第一部编年体史书《》。

他的政治思想核心是“”、“”。

2、《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作之一，由编撰而成，首创体。

它比较真实地记述了孔子及其弟子的言行，也比较集中地反映了孔子的思想。

它与《》《》《》《》《》《》《》《》。

并称“四书五经”。

3、孟子，时期鲁国人，名，字，是我国古代著名思想家，教育家，战国时期学派代表人物。

4、韩非，战国时韩国人，古代著名的哲学家、思想家，政论家和散文家，家思想的集大成者。

5、李耳，又称，后人称其为“老子”,我国古代伟大的哲学家和思想家，是家学派创始人。

著有五千字《》。

6、，春秋末期军事家，后人尊称其为孙子、孙武子、，是东方兵学的鼻祖。

著有军事著作《》。

7、贾平凹，当代作家，代表作有长篇小说等。

在“小妹”十八岁生日时，作者给她写去了一封凝聚着自己人生感悟与思考的长信。

在信中，作者回顾了自己早年读书求学时的艰难，剖析了自己走上社会之后的心路历程，以及在人生奋斗过程之中最终的价值选择——。

8、赫尔曼·黑塞，德国人，曾获1946年奖。

作品有。

在《获得教养的途径》一文中，作者认为是获得教养的主要途径，赞美了读书的作用，劝说人们用心研读经典作品，在书籍中发现世界，认识社会，完善自我修养。

二、字词解释1、通假字心不地则物不必．载士不厌．学，故能成其圣知．者乐水源泉混混．．正．善治2、词类活用治之至．也君子耻．之孔子登东山而小．鲁君子之志．于道也江海所以……以其善下．之不盈．科不行水善利．万物而不争三、句子翻译名成于前，德垂于后，治之至也。

故声闻过情，君子耻之。

仲尼亟称于水。

高二课内复习（一）答案一、文学常识1、孔子，名丘，字仲尼，春秋时期鲁国人。

孔子是我国古代伟大的教育家、政治家和思想家，儒家学派创始人，编撰了我国第一部编年体史书《春秋》。

高二课内复习（六）《过秦论》，第二单元，第四单元一、文学常识1、贾谊，（朝代）著名政论家、文学家，最早的汉赋作家之一。

世称，贾太傅,贾长沙。

他的辞赋是以、《鹏鸟赋》为最。

政论散文以《过秦论》、为代表，与屈原合称“”。

2、宣室求贤访逐臣，贾生才调更无伦。

，。

（李商隐《贾生》）3、本文以大部分篇幅铺张宣扬秦的兴盛史，再以秦的速亡史与之对比照应，运用了先扬后抑的手法，处处予以衬托、对比，得出“”的结论，说明秦朝灭亡的主要原因是不施仁政施暴政，劝戒后来的统治者只有施仁义，行仁政，才能长治久安。

4、巴尔扎克是（国籍）现实主义文学成就最高者之一。

他创作的充分展示了19世纪上半叶法国社会生活，是人类文学史上罕见的文学丰碑，被称为法国社会的“百科全书”。

代表作有《》等。

5、《守财奴》通过描写这个极端自私、极端贪婪的资产阶级暴发户的丑恶嘴脸，深刻揭露的拜金主义的罪恶，揭露了。

6、贾祖璋，现代科普作家。

《南州六月荔枝丹》是一篇（文体）。

语言既准确，又生动。

7、《南州六月荔枝丹》说明方法主要有等。

二、字词解释（一）重点词语解释1、务．耕织，2、蒙故业，因．遗策3、不爱．珍器重宝肥饶之地，4、以致．天下之士5、相与．．为一6、廉颇、赵奢之伦．制其兵7、秦人开关延．敌8、秦无亡矢遗镞．之费9、秦有余力而制其弊．，10、流血漂橹．11、因．利乘便，12、振．长策而御宇内13、士不敢弯弓而报怨．14、收天下之兵．15、临．不测之渊16、金．城千里，17、蹑足行伍．．．．之间，18、揭．竿为旗19、非铦．于钩戟长铩也20、非抗．于九国之师也21、度．长絜．大22、序．八州而朝同列（二）词类活用1、过．秦2、有席．卷天下3、约从离．衡，4、追亡．逐北，5、伏．尸百万，6、流血漂橹．；7、因利．乘便．，8、却．匈奴七百余里9、以愚．黔首10、子孙帝王．．万世之业也11、然陈涉瓮．牖绳．枢之子12、且夫天下非小弱．．也13、序八州而朝．同列14、天下云．集响．应（三）通假字1、信臣精卒陈利兵而谁何．2、而倔．起阡陌之中3、赢粮而景．从（四）古今异义1、秦人开关．．延敌2、于是．．六国之士3、然而．．成败异变4、试使山东．．之国5、因河．为池6、三、翻译1、仁义不施而攻守之势异也2、一夫作难而七庙隳答案一、文学常识1、贾谊，西汉（朝代）著名政论家、文学家，最早的汉赋作家之一。

高三课内复习(二)《秦晋崤之战》,第一单元,第二单元,第三单元一、文学常识1、《左传》是一部体史书,作者相传为春秋末年鲁国史官。

2、本篇记叙了春秋时期秦晋之间一场争夺中原霸权的战争,作者以为纲,以秦军东征的始末为线索,解释了战争胜负的因果规律:贪暴轻狂必败,知己知彼方可百战不殆。

3、《雨巷》是的成名作。

那狭窄阴沉的雨巷,在雨巷中徘徊的独行者,以及那个像丁香一样结着愁怨的姑娘,都是象征性的意象。

分别比喻了当时黑暗的社会,在革命中失败的人和美好而朦胧的,时有时无的希望。

这些意象又共同构成了一种象征性的意境,含蓄地暗示出作者既迷惘感伤又有期待的情怀,并给人一种朦胧而又幽深的美感。

4、《荷塘月色》作者,是我国现代散文家、诗人、学者。

作者通过对月下荷塘的描写,抒写作者在政治形势剧变之后,在严酷现实的重压下的苦闷、彷徨和寂寞的心境,表现了作者对黑暗现实的不满情绪以及对未来美好自由的向往。

全文的情感线索:。

5、《荷花淀》是现代小说家、散文家的代表作。

小说选取小小的白洋淀的一隅,表现农村妇女既温柔多情,又坚贞勇敢的性格和精神。

在战火硝烟中,夫妻之情、家国之爱,纯美的人性、崇高的品格,像白洋淀盛开的荷花一样,美丽灿烂。

6、派,是以孙犁为代表的一个当代文学的流派。

此文学流派的特征是:作品充满浪漫主义气息和乐观精神,语言清新朴素,描写逼真,心理刻画细腻,抒情味浓,富有诗情画意。

7、《<宽容>序言》以的形式形象地说明《宽容》一书的精髓,这就是提倡思想自由,提倡宽容,反对迫害先驱者,反对以愚昧无知、顽固凶残的态度扼杀真理。

8、《<激流>总序》也是一篇书序,作者借助这个物象,抒发了在生活的“激流”中勇于“搏斗”、积极进取的真切感受。

9、巴金,原名,字,主要著作有小说《激流三部曲》,,散文集等。

《激流三部曲》指的是三部长篇小说。

10、《人因为思想而伟大》作者是法国著名的思想家。

《相信未来》作者是,《中国,我的钥匙丢了》,作者是。

2013秋季高三语文（三）高一课内复习（五）《阿房宫赋》，第二册第一单元一、填空1、杜牧，字。

是著名作家。

和齐名，被称为“”。

晚年居住在长安城南的樊川别墅，后人称他“”，著有。

2、本文借写阿房宫的兴建与毁灭，揭露了秦朝统治者的穷奢享乐，并，阐述了天下兴亡的道理。

希望。

3、“赋”的文体特点：。

4、《老王》的作者，我国著名的作家、评论家和翻译家，主要作品有散文类：；小说类：；译作类：等5、《项链》的作者是19世纪后半期国优秀的批判现实主义作家，曾拜法国著名作家为师。

他与和并列世界三大短篇小说巨匠，对后世产生极大影响，被誉为“”。

代表作还有：、等。

6、《项链》在高潮处戛然而止的结尾，给人留下了无穷的想象的空间，这样的艺术手法称之为“”。

二、词语解释1、四海一．2、盘盘焉．3、不霁．何虹4、杳．不知其所之也5、剽．掠其人6、弃掷逦迤．．7、奈何取之尽锱铢．．8、多于在庾．之粟粒9、独夫．．之心，日益骄固10、戍卒叫，函谷举．11、可怜．．焦土！三、词类活用1、不霁何虹．2、辇．来于秦3、朝歌夜弦．4、族．秦者秦也5、谁得而族．灭也6、鼎．铛玉．石，金．块珠．砾7、后人哀之而不鉴．之四、特殊句式1、灭六国者，六国也。

2、函谷举3、秦人不暇自哀4、直栏横槛，多于九土之城郭五、默写1、灭六国者，六国也，；族秦者秦也，。

2、嗟夫！使六国各爱其人，；使秦复爱六国之人，，谁得而族灭也？3、秦人不暇自哀，而后人哀之；后人哀之而不鉴之，。

高一课内复习（五）《阿房宫赋》，第一单元一、填空1、杜牧，字牧之。

是晚唐著名作家。

和李商隐齐名，被称为“小李杜”。

晚年居住在长安城南的樊川别墅，后人称他“樊川先生”，著有《樊川文集》。

2、本文借写阿房宫的兴建与毁灭，揭露了秦朝统治者的穷奢享乐，并借古讽今，阐述了天下兴亡的道理。

希望唐朝的统治者不要只图自己奢侈享乐，重蹈覆辙。

3、“赋”的文体特点：铺陈辞藻，描绘事物，抒写情志。

4、《老王》的作者杨绛，我国著名的作家、评论家和翻译家，主要作品有散文类：《干校六记》、《我们仨》、《走到人生边上》；小说类：《洗澡》；译作类：《堂吉诃德》等5、《项链》的作者莫泊桑是19世纪后半期法国优秀的批判现实主义作家，曾拜法国著名作家福楼拜为师。

试卷一一、选择题（共80分，每小题2分，每小题只有一个正确答案。

）1.夜晚里闪烁的点点繁星大多是A.行星B.卫星C.恒星D.流星2.光球层上出现的太阳活动是A.太阳黑子B.太阳风C.耀斑D.日珥3.2016年11月14日（农历十月十五）地球迎来“超级月亮”，当晚的月相是A.满月B.凸月C.上弦月D.下弦月4.下列节日中，上海白昼最长的是A.“五·一”国际劳动节B.“八·一”建军节C.“六·一”国际儿童节D.“十·一”国庆节5.立春（2月5日前后）至春分（3月21日前后）期间，太阳直射点位于A.南半球，并向南运动B.南半球，并向北运动C.北半球，并向南运动D.北半球,并向北运动6.在各类岩石中,保存有动植物化石的是A.喷出岩B.侵入岩C.沉积岩D.变质岩7.“峰峦叠嶂、怪石林立、溶洞幽深”，所描述的地貌类型是A.流水地貌B.风成地貌C.海岸地貌D.喀斯特地貌8.崇明岛是我多第三大岛，形成该岛的主要外力作用是A.风化作用B.堆积作用C.侵蚀作用D.搬运作用9.右图为某地等高线地形图（单位：米），图中甲处为A.山谷B.山脊C.鞍部D.陡崖10.大气层中，能大量吸收太阳紫外线的臭氧主要集中分布在A.对流层B.平流层C.中间层D.热层11.因地表终年受热，空气膨胀上升形成的气压带是A.赤道低气压带B.副热带高气压带C.极地高气压带D.副极地低气压带12.冬季，上海的盛行风向是A.东南风B.西南风C.东北风D.西北风13.降水集中在冬季的气候类型是A.温带季风气候B.亚热带季风气候C.地中海气候D.温带大陆性气候14.大气成分中，能大量吸收地面长波辐射的主要是A.氮气B.氧气C.二氧化碳D.臭氧15.每年夏、秋季节，登陆我国东南沿海的台风所属的天气系统是A.气旋B.反气旋C.冷锋D.暖锋16.厄尔尼诺是某海域表层海水温度上升引起气候异常的现象，该海域位于A.热带太平洋东部B.热带太平洋西部C.温度太平洋东部D.温度太平洋西部17.新疆地区河流的主要补给形式是A.降水B.冰川、积雪融水C.地下水D.沼泽水18.地球上淡水储量最大的水体是A.河流水B.冰川C.湖泊水D.地下淡水19.我国水资源地区分布极不平衡，最缺水的三大流域是淮河流域、海河流域以及A.长江流域B.黑龙江流域C.珠江流域D.黄河流域20.南美洲西海岸洋流的流向及性质分别是A.向北流、暖流B.向北流、寒流C.向南流、暖流D.向南流、寒流21.澳大利亚中西部人口稀少的主要原因是气候A.炎热、湿润B.炎热、干旱C.温和、湿润D.温和、干旱22.“黑河-腾冲”一线是我国A.北方地区与南方地区的界线B.季风区与非季风区的界线C.水田农业与旱作农业的界线D.人口疏密分布的界线23.我国东部地区人口容量大于西部地区，从自然资源与环境角度分析，其主要影响因素是A.地形地势B.水资源C.热量条件D.矿产资源24.右图表示我国四个省市的人口数据（2015年）。

2014秋季高三语文（二）现代文阅读单项训练（二）词语的考察（续）（二）词语的解释（续）考查内容：3。

语境义（词语在语言环境中的意义）——联系上下文推敲，整体把握，联系写作目的和深层背景体味。

例1 ③所谓历史文脉，就是指一座城市的历史文化传统，它是在城市产生和发展的漫长历史进程中慢慢积淀和形成的，一旦形成，它又影响着生活于这座城市的市民共享的生活体验和共有文化想象，由于中国很早就是个统一的多民族国家，因而其城市必然烙有大体一致的中国特色；同时由于中国疆域辽阔，分成许多文化区域，因而每座城市又往往形成鲜明的地方特点。

王国维说过“都邑者，政治与文化之标征也”，就是说，城市是一个国家、民族和区域政治与文化的标征。

今天的城市新地标，理应与这座城市的历史文脉亦即城市的政治和文化标征相吻合。

而目前很多城市的新地标，要么比高度，要么比奢华，或是一味追求前卫和怪诞，与周边的历史文脉形成尖锐的反差。

由于建筑特别是地标性建筑关涉百年大计，千年大计，一旦造好，就很难改变，因而近年来有不少公认的败笔，已成为城市中极不和谐的音符，为世人所诟病，并为后人留下笑柄。

★第③段“近年来有不少公认的败笔”一句中“败笔”的意思是：例2：④家园城市必须具有充足的公共活动空间。

城市的各种文化、教育、休闲、娱乐设施应满足各方面的需要，所以，设计者在注重学校、博物馆、图书馆、运动场等大型公共设施建设的同时，还应注意提高方便舒适、有亲切感的小尺度公共空间，如社区和街道的小公园、小广场、咖啡馆、茶馆等，以便于人与人之间的交流。

现代城市发达的通讯网络方便了人们远距离即时交流，但这种单一的联络方式，无法慰藉人们孤独的心灵，也不能满足人们面对面“全信息交往”的渴求。

所以必须创造人与人能够近距离直接交流的公共空间和娱乐休闲场所，以增加人们当面交流的机会，减少城市人的心灵疾病。

⑤一个家园城市，应该做到布局合理，恰当处理建筑的虚与实之间的关系。

然而，我国今天的城市被高楼大厦的钢筋水泥和玻璃幕墙“填满”了，建筑与建筑之间缺乏有想象力的、开阔的空间，人们走在路上，会感到非常压抑和无助。

（一）(A)Follow the following tips to reduce your stress to manageable levels!Avoid“Must thinking”.Let’s go off the idea that you must do something in a certain way,for example,“I must get a great score on a test”,or else.This thought pattern only adds to the stress you’ll feel.Judge your situation calmly,and not as a“life-or-death”situation.Watch the mess.Don’t study in a messy or crowded area.Clear yourself a nice,open space that’s free of distraction.Set Manageable Goals.Break large projects into smaller-and-practical-parts.You’ll feel a positive sense of achievement as you finish each part.Ocean Dumping.Imagine yourself walking on a beautiful beach,carrying a sand bucket.Stop at a good spot and put your worries into the bucket.Drop the bucket and watch as it floats away into the ocean.Think good thoughts.Make a set of good but brief affirmations and repeat them to yourself just before you fall asleep at night.You will feel much better in the morning.Imagine yourself succeeding.Close your eyes and remember a real life situation in which you did well.Imagine facing your stressful situation with the same feelings of success.Use your bed for sleeping,not studying.Your mind may start to connect your bed with work,which will make it harder for you to fall asleep.Comforting Sounds.If you want to play music,keep it low in the background.Classical music especially,can help the learning process.Take a walk.Take a short,vigorous walk.Clear your mind.1.What is the best title of the passage?A.How to Reduce Your StressB.How to Set Manageable GoalsC.The Cause of StressD.The Study of the Human Mind2.The underlined words“Ocean Dumping”mean that you should______,while you are in trouble.A.walk on a beautiful beachB.drop your thoughts into the seaC.get rid of the worries of your problemD.not pay much attention to any of your feelings3.In order to complete a large project,we can______.A.set practical goals firstB.build a sense of successC.accept the large project as a wholeD.finish half of the project first and then the other4.From the passage we can learn______.A.you can think clearly while you are in bedB.rock music can help the learning processC.thinking your real-life success will do you good while in troubleD.you must treat everything as a“life-or-death”situation(B)GARDEN RESTAURANTTelephone:2706030Address:9020Bridgeport RoadOpen:Mon.to Fri.7:00a.m.～2:30p.m.and5:00p.m.～9:00p.m.Sat.7:00a.m.～11:00a.m.and5:00p.m.～9:30p.m.Sun.11:00a.m.～2:00p.m.and5:00p.m.～9:30p.m.NEW YORK MUSEUMTelephone:7364431Address:Vanier park,1100Chestnut St.New York American’s largest museum specializing in American history and part of our native people.Open:Mon.to Fri.9:00a.m.～5:00p.m.(Monday free)Sat.9:00a.m.～1:00p.m.LANSDOWNE PARK SHOPPING CENTERTelephone:3562367Address:5300No.3RoadOpen:Mon.Tues.and Sat.9:30a.m.～5:30p.m.Wed.Thurs.and Fri.9:30a.m.～9:30p.m.Sun.11:00a.m.～5:00p.m.SKYLINE HOTELTelephone:2785161Address:3031No.3Road(at Sea Island Way)The Hangar Den:Wed.to Sun.Lunch from10:30a.m.to2:30p.m.Coffee shop:Mon.–Fri.6:00a.m.Sat.6:30a.m.and Sun.7:00a.m.Mon.–Wed.to10:00p.m.Thurs.–Sun.to11:00p.m.5.If you want to go out for lunch on Sunday,you can call up the number_____.A.2785161or2706030B.2706030or3562367C.7364431or2785161D.3562367or27851616.You do not have to pay on Mondays if you go to_____.A.Skyline Hotelnsdowne Park Shopping CenterC.New York MuseumD.Garden Restaurant7.If you want to enjoy yourself on Sunday morning,you can go to_____.A.5300No.3RoadB.Vanier Park,1100Chestnut StC.9020Bridgeport RoadD.3031No.3Road(C)The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe classes of products.In today’s prosperous societies,the distinction has become unclear because so many wants have been turned into needs.A writer,for instance,can work with paper and pencils.These are legal needs for the task.But the work can be done more quickly and efficiently with a word processor.Thus a computer is soon viewed as a need rather than a want.In the field of marketing,consumer goods are classed according to the way in which they are purchased.The two main classes are convenience goods and shopping goods.Two lesser types are specialty goods and unsought(主动提供的)goods.It must be emphasized that all of these types are based on the way shoppers think about products,not on the nature of the products themselves.What is regarded as a convenience item in France(wine,for example) should be a specialty goods in the United States.People do not spend a great deal of time shopping for such convenience items as groceries,newspapers, toothpaste,aspirin,and candy.The buying of convenience goods may be done routinely,as some families buy groceries once a week.Such regularly purchased items are called staples.Sometimes convenience products are bought without enough thinking;someone has a sudden desire for an ice cream sundae(圣代)on a hot day.Or they may be purchased as emergency items.Shopping goods are items for which customers search.They compare prices,quality,and styles,and may visit a number of stores before making a decision.Buying an automobile is often done this way.Shopping goods fall into two classes;those that are recognized as basically the same and those that are regarded as different.Items that are looked upon as basically the same include such things as home appliances,television sets, and automobiles.Having decided on the model desired,the customer is primarily interested in getting the item at the most favorable price.Items regarded as essentially different include clothing,furniture,and dishes.Quality,style and fashion will either take precedence(优先)over price,or they will not matter at all.8.It can be learned from the first paragraph that______.A.a writer needs a word processorB.needs and wants can’t be separated clearlyC.the way to distinguish the products is unimportantD.a computer is a need rather than a want9.The example of wine is used to illustrate that______.A.goods are classified differently in different countriesB.the types of the product lie on the people rather than its natureC.Frenchmen often drink but Americans sometimes doD.one product may belong to many types10.Staples are items that______.A.are convenient to purchaseB.are purchased without enough thinkingC.people“want but don’t need”D.people are in constant need of11.Shopping goods that are considered as basically the same are those that______.A.consumers don’t care where to buy themB.consumers spend much time searching forC.satisfy similar needs of the consumerD.can be found in nearly every shop。